TEST 4

Part 1: Choose the word or phrase that best completes each sentence. Write your answer (A, B, C, or
D) in the numbered box.
1. Sheila will inherit everything ________ her uncle’s death.
A. on account of B. in spite of C. in the event of D. in place of
2. His poor handling of the business ________ on negligence.
A. neared B. edged C. approached D. bordered
3. Down ________ for three days.
A. the rain poured B. poured the rain
C. did the rain pour D. do the rain poor
4. Can I ________ your brains for a moment? I can’t do this crossword by myself.
A. have B. pick C. mind D. use
5. The job wasn’t giving the ________ of the experience he wanted.
A. width B. depth C. length D. breadth
6. I suppose I could ________ advertising.
A. catch on B. get out of C. go in for D. work out
7. The storm ripped our tent to ________.
A. slices B. shreds C. strips D. specks
8. She travelled the world in ________ of her dreams.
A. pursuit B. finding C. chase D. trail
9. The agency is ________ and not run for profit.
A. charitable B. donated C. voluntary D. free
10. Mike, _______, will you switch off that television!
A. once and for all B. now and then
C. over and above D. from time to time
Your answers
1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
6. 7. 8. 9. 10.
Part 2: Write the correct FORM of each bracketed word in the numbered space provided in the column
on the right.
11. The (PLACE)_______ of natural resources is becoming inadequate 11. ________
for the support of increasing population.
12. The grammar section provides coverage of all the most
(PROBLEM)_______ areas. 12. ________
13. He has recorded the (NARRATE)______ for the production. 13. ________
14. In this profession, women (NUMBER)______ men by two to one. 14. ________
15. An (LAY)_______ showing population can be placed on top of the 15. ________
map.
16. The shells are so hard and they are virtually (DESTROY)_______. 16. ________
17. We should arrive two days early in order to (CLIMATE)________. 17. ________
18. These changes are likely to (POOR)________ single-parent families 18. ________
even further.
19. I’m afraid the hospital is desperately (STAFF)______ at the moment. 19. ________
20. This book will challenge your (CONCEPT)_______ about rural life. 20. ________
Part 3: The passage below contains 10 mistakes. Underline the mistakes and correct them in the
space provided in the column on the right. (0) has been done as an example.
Human and primates, the family of apes, gorillas, and chimpanzees, among 0. Humans
others, divide many common traits. 21. ____________
While primates are deemed the most intelligent of animals, most researchers
believed they lack the capacity to produce language. However, a research project 22. ____________
in the 1970s at University of Georgia showed promise that chimpanzees have 23. ____________
the ability to learn a certain language, just as human children do.
The project used several chimpanzees as test subjects in which Lana, a female 24. ____________
chimp was the study focus.
Though the primates lack the vocal constructions to make human speech 25. ____________
patterns, the researchers created a language called Yerkish, using lexigram 26. ____________
made up of symbols that represent sounds and words. 125 symbols were placed 27. ____________
on a keyboard, which Lana was taught how to use the board to communicate 28. ____________
with the researchers. She successfully expressed her thoughts by pressing 29. ____________
different keys in succession. In some cases, she used up to seven at times. 30. ____________
Part 4: Supply the correct form of the VERB in brackets to complete the passage. Write your answer in
the numbered box.
I don't normally go to the cinema. Not because I don't like it but because it's just a habit I (31.never
GET)__________ into. However, on this occasion I (32. DECIDE)__________ to go because my friends (33.
constantly GO)__________ on about this film all week and eventually wore me down. It was starring some
ephemeral Hollywood actor whom I had vaguely heard of but couldn't put a face to. We got to the cinema
early to find people (34. already WAIT)__________ outside, which suggested that my friends weren't the only
ones who thought it was worth seeing although I could still think of several other things I would rather
having been doing at that moment. In the end, the film (35. TURN)_________ out to be not half as bad as
expected, though I (36. PREFER)__________ something with a bit more action. The plot centred on two men
who were planning to carry out some immensely complicated robbery, though what they (37. completely
FAIL) ___________ to realize was that all the time their plans (38. closely MONITOR) ____________ by the police.
Somewhat unpredictably, however, they got away with it because they (39. CHANGE) _____________ their
plans at the last minute. It was okay but I (40.not THINK)________ of going again.
Your answers
31. 36.
32. 37.
33. 38.
34. 39.
35. 40.
Part 5: Fill each gap in the following sentences with one of the prepositions or particles in the box. Use
each word only ONCE and write your answer in the numbered box. (Please note that the given words
outnumber the gaps.)
by through with for in out
up into off across down beyond
41. He likes to show _________ how well he speaks French.
42. They were sad because the plan fell _________ at the last minutes.
43. Ben is a true adventurer. He has climbed this country's highest mountain, canoed _________ the
continent, and hiked through the Amazon jungle.
44. She wrote the book _________ collaboration with one of her students.
45. You'd better write _________ the appointment in your agenda, or you'll probably forget.
46. Mary has always looked _________ to her uncle, who is a very successful actor.
47. I do feel ________ you, honestly!
48. As I had put on weight, my dress was too tight so I had to let it ________ especially around the waist.
49. I'm sorry but Dr. Ho sees patients _________ appointments only.
50. He spoke _________ such assurance that we couldn't but believe him.
Your answers
41. 46.
42. 47.
43. 48.
44. 49.
45. 50.
II. READING (6/ 20 points)
Part 1: Read the following passage and decide which answer (A, B, C, or D) best fits each gap. Write
your answer in the numbered box. (0) has been done as an example.
When faced (0)________ some new and possible bewildering technology change, most people
(51)________ in one of two ways. They either recoil (52)________ anything new, claiming that it is
unnecessary, or too complicated or that it (53)________ makes life less than human. Or they learn to adapt to
the new invention and (54)________ wonder how they could possibly have existed (55)________ it. Take
computers as example. For many of us, they still (56)________ a threat to our freedom and give us a
frightening (57)________ of a future in which all decisions will be (58)________ by machines. This may be
because they seem (59)________, and difficult to understand. Ask most people what you can use a home
computer for, and you usually get vague answers about how ‘they give you information’. In fact, even those
of us who are (60)________ with computer and use them in our daily work, have little idea of how they work.
But it does not take long to learn how to operate a business programme, even if things occasionally go
wrong for no apparent (61)________. Presumably, much the same happened when telephone and television
became widespread. What seems to alarm most people is the (62)________ of technology change, (63)________
than change itself. And the objections that are made to new technology may (64)________ have a point to
them, since change is not always an improvement. As we discover during power cuts, there is a lot to be
said for the oil lamp, the coal fire, and forms of entertainment, such as books or board (65)________, which
don’t have to be plugged into work.
0. A. with B. to C. for D. on
51. A. react B. treat C. solve D. perform
52. A. of B. out of C. away from D. from
53. A. somewhere B. someplace C. someway D. somewhat
54. A. eventually B. possibly C. initially D. naturally
55. A. with B. without C. on D. for
56. A. show B. meet C. face D. represent
57. A. possibility B. sense C. idea D. prospect
58. A. invented B. changed C. taken D. done
59. A. unsteady B. unsure C. mysterious D. obvious
60. A. accustomed B. familiar C. used D. commonplace
61. A. reason B. cue C. excuse D. cause
62. A. rate B. swiftness C. speed D. tempo
63. A. more B. less C. rather D. other
64. A. badly B. better C. worse D. well
65. A. sports B. games C. plays D. shows
Your answers
0. A
51. 52. 53. 54. 55.
56. 57. 58. 59. 60.
61. 62. 63. 64. 65.

Part 2: Read the following passage and answer the questions from 66 to 75 that follow.

THE HISTORY OF THE GUITAR

The word 'guitar' was brought into English as an adaptation of the Spanish word 'guitarra’, which
was, in turn, derived from the Greek 'kithara'. Tracing the roots of the word further back into linguistic
history, it seems to have been a combination of the Indo-European stem 'guit-’, meaning music, and the
root '-tar’, meaning chord or string. The root '-tar' is actually common to a number of languages, and can
also be found in the word 'sitar’, also a stringed musical instrument. Although the spelling and
pronunciation differ between languages, these key elements have been present in most words for 'guitar'
throughout history.
While the guitar may have gained most of its popularity as a musical instrument during the modern
era, guitar-like instruments have been in existence in numerous cultures throughout the world for more
than 5.000 years. The earliest instruments that the modern eye and ear would recognise as a 'normal'
acoustic guitar date from about 500 years ago. Prior to this time, stringed instruments were in use
throughout the world, but these early instruments are known primarily from visual depictions, not from
the continued existence of music written for them. The majority of these depictions show simple stringed
instruments, often lacking some of the parts that define a modern guitar. A number of these instruments
have more in common with the lute than the guitar.
 There is some uncertainty about the exact date of the earliest six-string guitar. The oldest one still
in existence, which was made by Gaetano Vinaccia, is dated 1779. However, the authenticity of six-string
guitars alleged to have been made prior to 1790 is often suspect, as many fakes have been discovered
dating to this era. The early nineteenth century is generally accepted as the time period during which six-
string guitars began taking on their modern shape and dimensions. Thus for nearly two hundred years,
luthiers, or guitar makers, have been producing versions of the modern acoustic guitar.
The first electric guitar was not developed until the early twentieth century. George Beauchamp
received the first patent for an electric guitar in 1936, and Beauchamp went on to co-found Rickenbacker,
originally known as the Electro String Instrument Company. Although Rickenbacker began producing
electric guitars in the late 1930s, this brand received most of its fame in the 1960s, when John Lennon
used a Rickenbacker guitar for the Beatles' debut performance on the Ed Sullivan show in 1964. George
Harrison later bought a Rickenbacker guitar of his own, and the company later gave him one of their
earliest 12-string electric guitars. Paul McCartney also used a Rickenbacker bass guitar for recording. The
Beatles continued to use Rickenbacker guitars throughout their career, and made the instruments highly
popular among other musicians of the era.
The Fender Musical Instruments Company and the Gibson Guitar Corporation were two other early
electric guitar pioneers, both developing models in the early 1950s. Fender began with the Telecaster in
1950 and 1951, and the Fender Stratocaster debuted in 1954. Gibson began selling the Gibson Les Paul,
based partially on assistance from jazz musician and guitar innovator Les Paul, in 1952. The majority of
present day solid-body electric guitars are still based largely on these three early electric guitar designs.
Throughout the history of the guitar, an enormous number of individuals have made their mark on
the way in which the instrument was built, played and perceived. Though some of these individuals are
particularly well known, like the Beatles or Les Paul, the majority of these people are virtually invisible to
most modern guitar fans. By looking at the entire history of the guitar, rather than just recent
developments, largely confined to electric guitars, it is possible to see more of the contributions of earlier
generations.

Questions 66-70
Complete the sentences. Choose NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS from the passage for each answer.
Write your answer in the numbered box.
66. Despite differences in _________, 'guit-' and '-tar' appear in the word for 'guitar' in many languages.
67. Instruments that we would call acoustic guitars have been made and played for approximately
_________.
68. The ________ of acoustic guitars have not changed much in 200 years.
69. Les Paul, the well-known ________ guitarist, was involved in the development of the electric guitar.
70. Most ________ of the guitar know little about its rich history.
Your answers
66. 67.
68. 69.
70.
Questions 71-75
Complete the summary. Choose NO MORE THAN TWO WORDS from the passage for each answer.
Write your answer in the numbered box.
Instruments similar to the guitar have been played by musicians for over (71) ________ years. What we
know about many of these instruments comes from (72) ________ rather than actual physical examples or
music played on them. In some ways, these early stringed instruments were closer to (73) ________ than the
guitar as we know it today. We do have examples of six-string guitars that are 200 years old. However, the
(74) ________ of six-string guitars made by guitar makers who are also known as luthiers before the final
decade of the eighteenth century is often open to question.
Although the electric guitar was invented in the 1930s, it took several decades for electric guitars to
develop, with the company Rickenbacker playing a major part in this development. Most (75) ________
electric guitars in use today are similar in design to guitars produced by the Fender Musical Instruments
Company and the Gibson Guitar Corporation in the 1950s.

Your answers
71. 72.
73. 74.
75.
Part 3: Some parts of the following passages have been removed. Read the passage and then choose
from the list A-J given below the best phrase to fill each of the spaces. Some of the suggested answers
do not fit at all. Write your answer in the numbered box. (0) has been done as an example.
PEDAL POWER
If you are trying to get around central London when the traffic is bad and you can’t find a taxi,
(0)____________: pedal-powered rickshaws are becoming increasingly popular in the capital. In fact, it is
estimated that 350 of them now cruise the streets, though there is no official licensing procedure for these
diminutive vehicles, so precise numbers are not available. And this is exactly the problem; it is claimed by
residents’ associations and taxi drivers. Since rickshaws are not subject to the same regulations as other
vehicles, (76) ____________. Consequently, the areas around popular tourist sights are sometimes packed
with stationary pedicabs, as the rickshaws are also known. And (77) ____________ as no specific law is being
broken.
On the other hand, (78) ____________, which naturally get stuck in traffic jams like other motor
vehicle. And unlike traditional London cabs, pedal-powered rickshaws cause no pollution whatsoever.
Many tourists like them because they are an amusing, unusual way to get around. But are they potentially
dangerous? Well, (79) ____________. Some taxi drivers claim the three-wheeled vehicles are inherently
unstable and may tip over if the driver takes a corner too quickly. Rickshaw drivers insist that they drive
almost exclusively in the narrow streets of the city centre, where (80) ____________. There has as yet been no
serious accident involving a pedicab, but the government is considering some form of regulation just to be
on the safe side.

A. it could hardly be any different in this context

B. it is difficult for traffic police to do anything about them
 C. it never seems to cause too much inconvenience
D. it very much depends who you talk to
E. it annoys pedestrians as much as motorists
F. it is clear that there is a need for an alternative to taxis
G. it is impossible to gain enough speed for this to be a problem
H. it is not clear whether they are subject to parking restrictions
I. it is tempting to try an alternative

Your answers
0. I
76. 77. 78. 79. 80.

Part 4: Fill each blank with ONE suitable word. Write your answer in the numbered box provided
below the passage. (0) has been done as an example.

Although the (0)________ in the global temperature by 4 per cent predicted by many scientists may
not sound like much, it is the difference between (81)________ and the last Ice Age, when huge glaciers
(82)________ Europe and most of Britain. Nobody knows exactly what would happen in a warmer world,
(83)________ we do know some things. Heat a kettle and the water inside it expands. The temperature of the
world has climbed more than half a degree this century, and the oceans have risen by at (84)________ 10 cm.
But just as it takes several minutes for a kettle to begin (85)________, so it may have taken the oceans
thirty years to swell. This means that the global warming we are now (86)________ is a result only of the
carbon dioxide we have dumped into the atmosphere up to (87)________ 1960s. Since then, the use of fossil
(88)________ has increased rapidly. Scientists working for the United Nations and European governments
have (89)________ warning that what the Dutch and the people of the East Anglia will need to do will be to
build more extensive sea defences. Many of the world’s greater cities are at (90)________, because they are
located at sea level. Miami, (91)________ entirely built on a sandbank, could be swept away. But the effects of
(92)________ sea levels will be much worse for the developing countries. With a metre rise in sea levels, 200
million people could become (93)________.
There are other fears too, (94)________ to a recent United Nations report. The plight of the hungry in
the northern Africa could (95)________, as rainfall in the Sahara and beyond is reduced by 20 per cent.
Your answers
0. rise
81. 82. 83. 84. 85.

86. 87. 88. 89. 90.

91. 92. 93. 94. 95.

III. WRITING (7/ 20 points)

Part 1:
 Finish each of the following sentences in such a way that it means the same as the sentence printed
before it.
96. Half the afternoon was spent on clay-modelling.
Clay-modelling ………………………….........................................................................
97. I heard her use those words many times.
Many’s …………………………………………………………………………………………
98. It was more an argument than a discussion.
It was not so ..................................................................................................................
99. They only reimbursed us because we took legal advice.
We wouldn't .................................................................................................................
100. Your silly question distracted me.
You drove .................................................................................................................

Part 2:
Use the word given in brackets and make any necessary additions to write a new sentence in such a
way that it is as similar as possible in meaning to the original sentence. Do NOT change the form of
the given word.
101. From the educational point of view his childhood years had been well spent (TERMS)
………………………………………………………………………….………...........................
102. He's very good at tennis and he's also a very good footballer. (ADDITION)
………………………………………………………………………….………...........................
103. Why does everything seem to be difficult to me? (ONLY)
………………………………………………………………………….………...........................
104. If you work without a break, you are more likely to make an error. (PRONE)
………………………………………………………………………….………...........................
105. They were very keen to hear the president’s speech. (EARS)
………………………………………………………………………….………...........................

TEST 5
Part 1: Questions 1-10 Write the word whose stress pattern is different from the other three in each
of the following questions
1. A. disappearance B. Sympathetic C. capacity D. conversation
2. A. argument B. achievement C. Involvement D. confinement
3. A. completion B. behaviour C. material D. understand
4. A. opinion B. comfortable C. powerful D. accurate
5. A. penalty B. habitat C. decision D. Countryman
6. A. Atmosphere B. emission C. disposal D. volcanic
7. A. economic B. considerate C. territorial D. continental
8. A. commit B. recipe C. index D. preview
9. A. economic B. considerate C. territorial D. continental
10. A. commit B. recipe C. index D. preview
Part 2: Questions 11-20 Write the word whose underlined part is pronounced differently from the
other three in each of the following questions
1. A. rained B. followed C. arrived D. jumped
2. A. leather B. tea C. lead D. leave
3. A. autumn B. summer C. sunny D. much
 4. A. considered B. stayed C. picked D. received
5. A. prohibit B. co-exist C. frozen D. notify
6. A. rational B. devastate C. parade D. danger
7. A. Valentine B. determine C. examine D. heroine
8. A. muddy B. punctual C. studious D. culture
9. A. element B. election C. event D. eliminate
10. A. dreams B. thinks C. hours D. gardens
II. LEXICO-GRAMMAR
Exercise 1. Complete each of the following sentences with the correct answer (A, B, C or D). Identify your
answer by writing the corresponding letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet.
1. Nathalie seems very tough at work. She’s a different person at home, _________.
A. though B. although C. as though D. even though
2. I kept out of the conversation because it _________ me.
A. wasn’t concerned B. wasn’t concerning C. didn’t concern D. didn’t concern to
3. The entire city was _________ electricity last night – it was chaotic.
A. no B. almost no C. hardly any D. without
4. Henry was overweight, so he went on a strict diet and _________ twenty kilos.
A. missed B. lost C. failed D. fell
5. He was arrested because he answered to the description of the _________ man.
A. searched B. pursued C. wanted D. hunted
6. Humanity has done great damage to the environment in its search for _________ materials.
A. live B. raw C. crude D. rude
7. _________, the balcony chairs will be ruined in this weather.
A. Leaving uncovered B. Having left uncovered
C. Left uncovered D. Been left uncovered
8. One way to let off _________ after a stressful day is to take some vigorous exercise.
A. cloud B. tension C. steam D. sweat
9. Their research into the causes of cancer promises to break the new _________ in the field and possibly
lead to a cure.
A. earth B. ground C. soil D. land
10. After three days in the desert, his mind began to play _________ on him.
A. games B. jokes C. tricks D. fun
11. The match will be screened on ITV with _________ commentary by Any Gray.
A. lively B. live C. alive D. living
12. I know you didn’t want to upset me but I’d sooner you _________ me the whole truth yesterday.
A. could have told B. told C. have told D. had told
13. As the drug took _________, the patient became quieter.
A. effect B. force C. influence D. action
14. The dawn redwood appears ____ some 100 million years ago in northern forests around the world.
A. was flourished B. having to flourish
C. to have flourished D. have flourished
15. His comments _________ little or no relation to the facts and the figures of the case.
A. reflect B. bear C. give D. possess
16. All _____ is a continuous supply of the basic necessities of life.
A. what is needed B. for our needs C. the thing needed D. that is needed
17. It is urgent that this letter _____ immediately.
A. was posted B. posted C. be posted D. be post
18. John: This grammar test is the hardest one we’ve ever had this semester!
Mary: _____ but I think it’s quite easy.
A. I couldn’t agree more B. I understand what you’re saying
C. You’re wrong D. I don’t see in that way
19. It is only recently that ballets have been based on the themes _____ American life.
A. reflecting B. reflects C. is reflectingD. reflected
20. I wish you’d do the accounts. I don’t have ________ for numbers.
 A. a head B. a mind C. the heart D. the nerve

Exercise 2. Supply the correct form of the word in capital letters. Write your answers on your answer
sheet.
SKIING HOLIDAYS IN COLORADO
To ski or snowboard in Colorado is to experience the pinnacle of winter sports. The state of
Colorado is known for its spectacular scenery and (1. BREATH) _______ views, which inspire today's
travelers as much as they spurred on the (2. SETTLE) _______ who first arrived in this part of the US over
a century ago. And whether you're seeking the outdoor adventure of a (3. LIFE) _______ exciting
nightlife or a great family getaway, Colorado has everything you need.
November through April, snow conditions are (4. CONSIST) _______ and reliable, featuring
Colorado's (5. LEGEND) _______ “champagne powder” snow. Extensive snow making and grooming
operations always keeps trails in top shape.
The mountain destinations in the Colorado Rockies can turn your wildest ski dreams into
thrilling (6. REAL) _______. There, you'll find the best skiing and snowboarding resorts on (7.
PICTURE) _______ slopes, as well as the finest ski schools in the US. Together, they present an (8.
PARALLEL) _______ winter paradise. And the best part is that you'll enjoy friendly, (9. CARE) _______
service in resorts that are (10. COMMIT) _______ to delivering the highest quality amenities.

Exercise 3. Complete the following sentences with one appropriate preposition/ particle for each
blank.
1. The government’s plans to reduce crime came ________for a lot of criticism from freedom groups.
2. I was ________the impression that you like Indian food.
3. This is one of the exceptions ________the rule.
4. The factory paid ________nearly a million pounds to their employees who were injured in the explosion.
5. Before they open the new factory, a lot of the young people round here were ________the dole.
6. Mr. Horrid was a terrible teacher and obviously not cut ________for teaching.
7. I can’t cancel my arrangements ________such short notice.
8. All the police’s efforts to find him were ________vain.
9. The farmhouse we stayed in was completely ________the beaten track.
10. She’s gone and this time it’s ________good.

Exercise 4: There are 10 errors in the following passage. Identify and correct them
Children who tell pop music does not interfere with their homework receive Line 1
support today, with the discovery that pay attention to visual stimuli and sounds Line 2
requires completely different brain pathways which can operate at the same time Line 3
with your appreciation of either being damaged. Researchers have founded that Line 4
listening to car stereos does not create much interference when you are driving. Line 5
Similarly, pop music should not interfere with children homework. The affect of Line 6
pop music on their performance at it is far outweigh by other factors, such as Line 7
how happy they are to be doing it. These findings could be applied for the Line 8
design of places which people have to take in large amounts of information very Line 9
quickly. They could, for example, be relevantly to the layout of pilot cockpits Line 10
on aircraft. Line 11

III. READING COMPREHENSION

Exercise 1. Read the passage then choose the best answer to each question that follows. Identify your
answer by writing the corresponding letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet.
THE ATMOSPHERE OF VENUS
 Venus, also called the Morning Star and Evening Star, is the second-closest planet to the sun and the
brightest object in the night sky. The planet orbits the sun every two hundred and twenty four Earth-days
and is sometimes referred to as Earth’s sister planet because the two share both a similar size and bulk.
What is not similar, however, is Venus’s atmosphere in comparison to Earth’s atmosphere.
The atmosphere on Venus is much heavier and has a higher density than that of Earth. Venus’s
atmosphere also expands significantly higher than Earth’s atmosphere although a thick cloud cover makes
the surface of Venus nearly impossible to see unless observed through radar mapping.
While the pressure and temperature of Venus’s upper atmosphere are comparable to those of
Earth, the heat and pressure of the lower atmosphere are not unlike a furnace. Venus’s atmosphere is very
thick due to a composition consisting mainly of carbon dioxide, and a small amount of nitrogen. If man
could survive the extreme heat of Venus’s surface (400 degrees Celsius), then he would have to
contend with a surface pressure that is more than 90 times that of Earth. Venus’s extremely high
temperature is thanks to the greenhouse effect caused by such a large amount of carbon dioxide. The
greenhouse effect is a process by which the sun’s infrared radiation is more readily absorbed by the
atmosphere. Just like in a real greenhouse used to grow plants years round, the proliferation of carbon
dioxide traps radiation and warms Venus’s atmosphere. Due to this phenomenon, Venus boasts a higher
atmospheric temperature than Mercury, even though Venus is twice the distance from the sun.
However, scientists postulate that Venus’s atmosphere was not always so hot. [A] Studies show that
large bodies of water were once on Venus’s surface but that eventually evaporation of all the water caused
the runaway greenhouse effect which regulates the planet today. [B] Thus Venus has become a critical
study for today’s scientists, as human beings are only beginning to struggle with the early stages of the
greenhouse effect. [C] Our problems do not stem from evaporated water supplies but from a propagation
of carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gases due to industrial and automobile emissions. [D]
Another interesting characteristic to note regarding Venus’s atmosphere is that its daytime
temperatures and nighttime temperatures are not that far removed from each other. This is due to the
thermal inertia, the ability of a substance to store heat despite changing temperatures and the transfer of
heat by Venus’s strong winds. Although winds on the surface of Venus move slowly in comparison with
Earth’s winds, Venus’s air is so dense that a slow-moving there can move large obstructions and even skip
stones along the planet’s surface.
In 1966, humankind made its first attempt at sending a recording instrument into Venus’s
atmosphere. The Venera 3 probe did collide with Venus surface; however, the abrupt impact caused its
communication system to fail, and it was unable to send and feedback. In 1967, Venera 4 successfully
enter Venus’s atmosphere and was able to take many readings, one of which recorded that Venus’s
atmosphere was between ninety and ninety-five percent carbon dioxide. Subsequent Venera probes were
sent into Venus’s atmosphere, but most of them succumbed to the crushing air pressure.
Questions 1-7: Choose the answer (A, B, C or D) which you think fits best according to the passage.
1. According to paragraph 1, Venus is named the Morning Star and Evening Star because_____.
A. it is very bright B. it is close to the sun
C. it can be seen from evening till morning D. it is used to find the direction by sailors
2. The word that in paragraph 2 refers to _________.
A. size B. bulk C. atmosphere D. density
3. Which of the following best expresses the essential information in the bold sentence in paragraph 3?
Incorrect answer choices change the meaning in important ways or leave out essential information.
A. Earth experiences greater surface pressure than Venus.
B. If a man could survive its surface pressure.
C. The surface pressure and heat of Venus are much greater than those on Earth.
D. Venus’s surface temperature and pressure make it uninhabitable by humans.
4. According to paragraph 3, the greenhouse effect on Venus is owed to _________.
A. the small amounts of nitrogen
 B. the rapid increasing amounts of carbon dioxide
C. growing plants
D. the high atmospheric temperatures
5. In paragraph 4, the author of the passage implies that Earth _________.
A. might suffer the same greenhouse effect as Venus
B. once had an atmosphere similar to Venus’s
C. has bodies of water similar to those on Venus today
D. is experiencing a reduction of carbon dioxide emissions
6. Look at the four blanks […] in paragraph 4 that indicate where the following sentence could be added
to the passage.
Although the causes are different, the ramifications are the same.
Where would the sentence best fit?
7. The word propagation in paragraph 4 is closest in meaning to _________.
A. generation B. elimination C. evaporation D. desecration
Questions 8 to 10: Complete the brief summary of the passage by selecting the THREE answer choices
that express important ideas in the passage. The introductory sentence for the summary is provided
bellowed.
Scientists look at Venus to predict Earth’s future.
8. …………………………………………………
9. …………………………………………………
10. ………………………………………………
Answer Choices
A. Venus once had large bodies of water that elaborated and caused a rapid increase in carbon
dioxide.
B. Earth’s wind has a greater velocity than Venus’s because the air movement on Venus is denser and
can even move large obstructions.
C. Spaceships landing on Venus, though often crushed by Venus’s atmosphere, have revealed much
about its carbon dioxide filled atmosphere.
D. If man could survive the hot temperature of Venus, then he would have to contend with the great
surface pressure.
E. The first space probe of Venus was made in 1966.
F. Scientists are concerned that conditions on Earth that propagate significant quantities of carbon
dioxide will produce greenhouse effects similar to Venus’s.

Exercise 2. Read the text below and think of the word which best fits each space. Use only ONE word in
each space. Write your answers on your answer sheet.
SPLENDID SPAS OF ASIA
Lying on a bed almost on the (1) ________ of a cliff, with a stupendous ocean view and the (2) ________
of waves, aches and pains are soothed away (3) ________ expert hands. Only two steps are needed to reach
the private pool, which seems to merge (4) ________ the ocean.
Such a scenario is no longer a fantasy (5) ________ an increasingly popular reality in Asia for many
stressed out businessmen and visitors from all over the world in search of that peaceful time and space for
their body and mind.
In the last four years, at (6) ________ 17 hotel spas have opened in South East Asia to (7)________ this
need. The tropical climate of the region and its reliable sunshine make for an ideal spa setting. Picturesque
environments (8) ________ with a series of rejuvenating treatments bring the desired result. The Asian spa
resorts have acquired a formidable reputation for their professional services as (9) ________ as for the decor
of their large treatment rooms. Visitors relax with Thai music and soak in the warm tones of the room. As
all these take (10) ________ in individual rooms, precious privacy is guaranteed, a rare privilege often absent
from other spas where guests share rooms or changing areas.
Exercise 3. Read the following passage and choose the best answer for each question. Identify your
answer by writing the corresponding letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet.
WIND - The untamable weather machine
On 15 October 1987, the southern counties of Britain were struck by the strongest winds they had
experienced in 200 years. Gusts of over 130 kilometers per hour slammed across the region and £1.5-
billion-worth of damage was (1) _________ in just a few hours.
Extreme weather events like this are dramatic (2) _________ of the power of the wind. It’s one part of
the weather we generally don't give a second thought to in Britain but it plays a vital role in people’s lives
across the world. Without the formation and circulation of winds there would quite (3) __________ be no
climate.
Some parts of the world seem to suffer more than others from the effects of ‘ill winds’, and links
between particular winds and psychological problems (4) __________ back centuries. The Fö hn, the hot dry
wind that slides off the slopes of the Alps, is capable of boosting temperatures quite suddenly by 10°C or
more. It affects as many as one in three people in its (5) __________, making them feel anxious, irritable and
generally ill. In California, many people (6) __________ the arrival of the Santa Ana, which rushes down from
the high Mojave desert. Lyall Watson, in his book Heaven’s Breath, claims that when the Santa Ana blows,
murder rates soar.
The wind may get into the headlines when it comes in the form of tornadoes and hurricanes, but for
the (7) __________ part it goes about its job of shifting huge masses of air around the planet. Plants take (8)
__________ of this free ride to send their pollen grains far and wide. Trees (9) __________ on it to remove old
leaves and make way for new growth. Spiders have been caught (10) __________ a lift at altitudes of almost
4.5 kilometers.
1. A. made B. caused C. destroyed D. completed
2. A. reminders B. recollections C. mementos D. memorial
3. A. easily B. rightly C. surely D. simply
4. A. last B. originate C. pass D. date
5. A. line B. road C. path D. bypass
6. A. despair B. respect C. dread D. warn
7. A. most B. maximum C. majority D. general
8. A. benefit B. chance C. occasion D. advantage
9. A. need B. trust C. hope D. rely
10. A. traveling B. hitching C. borrowing D. making
IV. WRITING
Exercise 1. Rewrite the following sentences without changing their meaning, using the words given.
These words must not be changed in any way.
1. I would like to be able to speak French. (HAD)
I wish _______________________________________________ speak French.
2. It was raining cats and dogs. (TORRENTS)
The rain was ___________________________________________________.
3. It was wrong of you to borrow my book without asking. (HAVE)
You ___________________________________before you borrowed my book.
4. When I was younger, this record was one of my favourites. (FAVOURITE)
This record used ___________________________ mine when I was younger.
5. My sister finds commuting every day annoying. (PUT)
It’s difficult for my sister _________________________________ every day.
6. The Mediterranean is warm, whereas the North Sea is much colder. (NOTHING)
The North Sea is _________________________________ the Mediterranean.
7. Christ would only eat a pizza if he could have a mushroom topping. (ON)
Christ _________________________________________ when he ate a pizza.
8. My father persuaded me to learn another foreign language. (TALKED)
 My father _________________________________ another foreign language.
9. Sam tried extremely hard to convince her, but it was no use. (BRING)
Hard _________________________________________________________.
10. When he arrived at the airport, his family welcomed him warmly. (GIVEN)
On___________________________________________________________.
TEST 6
SECTION A: PRONUNCIATION
Choose the word whose stress is pronounced differently from the other three in the following
questions
11. A. disappearance B. Sympathetic C. capacity D. conversation
12. A. argument B. achievement C. Involvement D. confinement
13. A. completion B. behaviour C. material D. understand
14. A. opinion B. comfortable C. powerful D. accurate
15. A. penalty B. habitat C. decision D. Countryman
16. A. Atmosphere B. emission C. disposal D. volcanic
17. A. economic B. considerate C. territorial D. continental
18. A. commit B. recipe C. index D. preview
19. A. economic B. considerate C. territorial D. continental
20. A. commit B. recipe C. index D. preview
SECTION B: READING
Part 1: Read the following passage and choose the correct answer to each of the questions.
Scientists have established that influenza viruses taken from man can cause diseases in animals. In
addition, man can catch the diseases from animals. In fact, a greater number of wild birds seem to carry
the viruses without showing any evidence of illness. Some scientists conclude that a large family of
influenza viruses may have evolved in the bird kingdom, a group that has been on earth 100 million years
and is able to carry the viruses without contracting the disease. There is even convincing evidence to
show that virus strain are transmitted from place to place and from continent to continent by migrating
birds.
It is known that two influenza viruses can recombine when both are present in an animal at the
same time. The result of such recombination is a great variety of strains containing different H and N
spikes. This raises the possibility that a human influenza viruses can recombine with an influenza virus
from a lower animal to produce an entirely new spike. Research is underway to determine if that is the
way major new strains come into being. Another possibility is that two animal influenza strains may
recombine in a pig, for example, to produce a new strain which is transmitted to man.
11. According to the passage, scientists have discovered that influenza viruses _______
A. cause ill health in wild animals
B. do not always cause symptoms in birds
C. are rarely present in wild birds
D. change when transmitted from animals to man
12. What is known about the influenza viruses?
A. It was first found in a group of very old birds.
B. All the different strains can be found in wild birds.
C. It existed over 100 million years ago.
D. It can survive in many different places.
13. According to the passage, a great variety of influenza strains can appear when______
A. H and N spikes are produced
B. animal and bird viruses are combined
C. dissimilar types of viruses recombine
D. two viruses of the same type are contracted
14. New strains of viruses are transmitted to man by_______
A. a type of wild pig B. diseased lower animals
C. a group of migrating birds D. a variety of means
15. It can be inferred from the passage that all of the following are ways of producing new
strains of influenza EXCEPT_______
A. two influenza viruses in the same animal recombining
 B. animal viruses recombining with human viruses
C. two animal viruses recombining
D. two animal viruses recombining in a human
Your answers:
11. 12. 13. 14. 15.
Part 2: Read the text and then select the correct answer, A, B, C or D. Write your answer in the right
box below.
The Netherlands
Welcome to the Netherlands, a tiny country that only extends, at its broadest, 312 km north to
south, and 264 km east to west - (16) ______ the land area increases slightly each year as a (17) ______ of
continuous land reclamation and drainage. With a lot of heart and much to offer, 'Holland,' (18) ______ it
is commonly known to most of us abroad - a name stemming (19) ______ its once most prominent
provinces - has more going on per kilometre (20) ______ most countries, and more English-speaking
natives. You'll be impressed by its (21) ______ cities and charmed by its countryside and villages, full of
contrasts. From the exciting variety (22) ______ offer, you could choose a romantic canal boat tour in
Amsterdam, a Royal Tour by coach in The Hague, or a hydrofoil tour around the biggest harbour in the
world - Rotterdam. In season you could visit the dazzling bulb fields, enjoy a full day on a boat, or take a
bike tour through the pancake-flat countryside spiced with windmills. The possibilities are (23) ______ and
the nationwide tourist office, which is on hand to give you information and (24) ______ reservations. You'll
have (25) ______ language problems here, as the Dutch are true linguists and English is spoken here almost
universally.
16. A. so B. despite C. in spite of D. although
17. A. whole B. consequently C. rule D. result
18. A. as B. like C. so D. that
19. A. in B. from C. on D. of
20. A. then B. than C. like D. to
21. A. historic B. historical C. historically D. historian
22. A. at B. in C. on D. for
23. A. countdown B. counted C. countless D. countable
24. A. sit B. catch C. do D. make
25. A. few B. a few C. little D. a little

Your answers:
16. 17. 18. 19. 20.
21. 22. 23. 24. 25.

SECTION B: VOCABULARY AND GRAMMAR

Part 1: Choose the best answer to complete each of the following sentences. Write A, B, C or D in your
answers
26. Please and see us some time - you’re always welcome.
A. come to B. come about C. come round D. come away
27. This is the most difficult job I’ve had to do.
A. by far B. by chance C. by all means D. by myself
28. You’d better stop spending money, you’ll end up in debts.
A. or so B. if not C. otherwise D. so that
29. One person……..seven in the world speaks perfect English.
A. from B. within C. for among D. out of.
30. The agency is ________ and not run for profit.
A. charitable B. donated C. voluntary D. free
31. He retired early ________ his ill health.
A. on behalf of B. in front of C. on account of D. in spite of
32. Job specialisation takes place…………of production is seperated into occupations.
A. whenever the work is B. when the work
C. is when the work D. whenever working
33. The judge decided to……….the thief to three months’imprisonment.
A. sentence. B. prison. C. put. D. imprison.
34. I met Jim at college. It was the start of a………….friendship.
A. longlife B. prolong C. lengthened D. lifelong
35. Bats avoid………..objects by emitting high-frequency sounds and listening for echoes.
A. to run into B. running onto C. running into D. to run onto
Your answers :
26. 27. 28. 29. 30.
31. 32. 33. 34. 35.

Part 2: There are 8 mistakes in the following passage. Underline the mistakes and write the correct
answers in the space provided.
Let us suppose that you are in the position of a parent. Would you allow your children read any
book they wanted to without first checking its content? Would you take them to see any film without first
finding whether it is suitable for them? If your answer of these questions is yes, then you are either
extremely permissive, or just plain irresponsible. If your answer is not, then you are exercising your right
as a parent to protect your children from what you consider to be desirable influences. In other words, by
acting as a censor yourself, you are admitting that there is a strong case for censorship.
Children need protection and it is the parents' responsible to provide it. But what about adults?
Aren't they old enough to decide that is good for them? The answer is that many adults are, but don't make
the mistake of thinking that all adults are as yourself. Censorship is for the good of society as a whole.
Highly civilized people might find it possible to live together without laws of any kind: they would just rely
on good sense to solve their problems. But imagine what chaos there would be if we live in a society
without laws! Like the law, censorship contributes to the common good.
Your answers:
MISTAKES CORRECTION MISTAKES CORRECTION
36. 40.
37. 41.
38. 42.
39. 43.

Part 3: Fill in each blank with a suitable word to fill in the blanks.
Vitamins are substances required for the proper functioning of the body. In this century, thirteen
vitamins have been discovered .
A lack of any vitamins in a person’s body can cause illness. In some cases, an excess of vitamins can also
(44)……….to illness. For example, sailors in the past were prone to suffer from scurvy (45)………is a disease
resulting from the lack of vitamin C. It causes bleeding of the gum, loss of teeth and skin rashes. Sailors
suffer from scurvy because they did not eat fruits and vegetables. Fruits and vegetables contain vitamin
C ,which is necessary for good (46)…………..
Vitamin B complex is composed of eight different vitamins. A lack of any of these vitamins will lead
to different(47)……….. For instance, a person who has too little vitamin B1 will suffer from beri-beri, a
disease that causes heart problems and mental disorders. A lack of vitamin B2 results in eye and skin
problems while deficiency of vitamin B6 causes problems of the nervous system. Too little vitamin B12
will cause anemia. The knowledge that vitamin deficiencies caused certain diseases led doctors to (48)
………people suffering from these illnesses by giving them doses of the necessary ( 49)………….Today,
vitamins are available (50)……….the form of pills and can easily be bought at any pharmacy.
Your answers:
44. 45. 46. 47.
48. 49. 50.

Part 4: Complete the second sentence so that it has a similar meaning to first one. Use and don’t
change the word given. Write 2-5 words in total.
51. I tried to talk to Jack about the problem, but he was too busy. WORD
I tried to …………………………… about the problem ,but he was too busy
 52. “ I don’t mind which film we see”, I said MATTER
I said that …………………………… me which film we saw.
53. I was too scared to tell him what I really thought. COURAGE
I ……………………………………… to tell him what I really thought.
54. People say that the pyramids are worth visiting. SUPPOSED
The pyramids ……………………………………………. worth visiting.
55. I was so shocked that I couldn’t react. WASN’T
I …………………………………………………………… react.
TEST 7
I. Pick out the word whose underlined part is pronounced differently from that of the other words.
Write your answer in the space provided.
1. A. associate B. sociable C. ancient D. ancestor
2. A. walked B. threatened C. passed D. forced
3. A. too B. food C. soon D. good
4. A. legal B. legend C. generous D. manager
5. A. adventure B. future C. mature D. figure
1. 3. 5.
2. 4.

II. Pick out the word that differs from the other words in the position of the main stress. Write your
answer in the space provided.
6. A. comedy B. collection C. comical D. calculate
7. A. ambitious B. memorial C. memory D. mechanic
8. A. remove B. cancel C. copy D. answer
9. A. Japanese B. engineer C. practical D. questionnaire
10. A. document B. develop C. opponent D. astonish
6. 8. 10.
7. 9.

SECTION B: VOCABULARY AND GRAMMAR

I. Choose the word or phrase which best completes each sentence. Write your answer in the space
provided.
1. He has declared......building a new bridge.
A. against B. to C. in D. about
2. A washing machine of this type will certainly......normal domestic use.
A. stand up for B. get on to C. take down with D. come up with
3. She set......some money each month for her holiday.
A. aside B. back C. about D. up
4. .......of half-starving wolves were roaming the snow-covered countryside.
A. Packs B. Herds C. Flocks D. Swarms
5. We had to get a bank loan when the money finally.......
A. gave off B. gave in C. gave over D. gave out
6. Mary always takes great care.......her children.
A. with B. for C. of D. to
7. ........he did not attend the English class, he knew the lesson quite well.
A. In spite of B. Despite C. Although D. Because
8. Please don't enter.......knocking.
A. without B. with C. except for D. while
9. While studying he was financially dependent.......his parents.
A. of B. from C. on D. to
10. I took your pen........mistake.
A. of B. with C. by D. from
11. ........of all the staff, I would like to wish you a happy retirement.
 A. In place B. On account C. Instead D. On behalf
12. He kept his job.......the manager had threatened to sack him.
A. despite B. even C. although D. unless
13. Mary doesn’t mind living.......her own.
A. with B. by C. at D. on
14. Please cut my hair.......the style in this magazine.
A. the same long as B. the same length as C. the same long like D. the same length like
15. Ancient Egyptians mummified the dead bodies through the use of chemicals, ......ancient Peruvians
did through natural processes.
A. whether or not B. even though C. whereas D. because
11. 14. 17. 20. 23.
12. 15. 18. 21. 24.
13. 16. 19. 22. 25.

II. There is one mistake in each of the following sentences. Find and correct it.
26. Because the torrential rains that had devastated the area, the governor sent the National Guard to
assist in the clean-up operation.
27. One of the most important things in life is a good health.
28. The city has spent a big amount of money on crime prevention.
29. Comparing with other countries, Libya spends a high percentage of income on education.
30. People are now enjoying a higher level of living.
31. In the United Kingdom women see their doctor on the average five times a year.
32. Although Mark has been cooking for many years, he still doesn’t know to prepare French foods in the
traditional manner.
33. When we arrived at the store to purchase the dishwasher advertise in the newspaper, we learned that
all the dishwashers had been sold.
34. After rising the flag to commemorate the holiday, the mayor gave a long speech.
35. This time tomorrow I will lie on the beach, enjoying the sunshine.

MISTAKE CORRECTION MISTAKE CORRECTION

26. 31.
27. 32.
28. 33.
29. 34.
30. 35.

III. Give the correct form of the words in the brackets in each of the following sentences. Write your
answer in the space provided.
36. I was annoyed at his (REFUSE)______ to co-operate.
37. The book doesn’t say much about prices, but it is very (INFORM)______ about everything else.
38. The noise (LESS)______ as the plane got farther away.
39. He lost in the election because he was a weak and (DECIDE)______ leader.
40. I couldn’t help it. The accident was (AVOID)______.
41. She was (EXTREME)______ knowledgeable about the history of China.
42. He was very (SET)_______ when his cat was run over.
43. Jackson had another violent (AGREE)_______ with the referee.
44. Many people were buried (LIVE)______ after the earthquake.
45. She studied (ECONOMY)______ at university.
36. ……………………… 39. ……………………… 42. ……………………… 45. ………………………
37. ……………………… 40. ……………………… 43. ………………………
38. ……………………… 41. ……………………… 44. ………………………

SECTION C: READING COMPREHENSION

I. Fill in each numbered blank with one suitable word. Write your answer in the space provided.
Australia is a big country, but nearly all Australians live near the sea. On hot summer days, you can see
thousands of people at the beach. Many beaches have waves (46)______ are very high.
These large waves are known as surf and the people who ride them are called surfers. Surfing is a skill,
and it needs learning. Don’t (47)______ to be able to surf properly the (48)______ time you try. However, by
practising a few times you will learn (49)______ to do it.
Surfing is not a new sport. Perhaps its origins need explaining. It started hundreds (50) ______ years ago
in Hawaii. Men swam (51)______ to sea to catch fish and found they could come back to land very quickly by
riding the waves. These first surfers did not (52)______ a board. They were “body surfers”. Many people
(53)______ do this type of surfing today.
After a while people started to use boards and rode the waves by lying, kneeling or standing (54) ______
them. These first surfboards were made of wood and the water made them rot after a while. Today,
surfboards are made of plastic or fibreglass (55)______.
46. ……………………… 49. ……………………… 52. ……………………… 55. ………………………
47. ……………………… 50. ……………………… 53. ………………………
48. ……………………… 51. ……………………… 54. ………………………

II. Read the following passage and decide which answer (A, B, C, or D) best fits each gap. Write your
answer in the space provided.
What do you do well? What do you enjoy doing? Your answers to these two questions will help you
identify your (56)______. An employer will consider you seriously for a (57)______ when you can show them
that you know who you are, what you can offer and which you have studied. Sometimes it is difficult to
know what your weaknesses are. Clearly not everyone is equally good (58)______ everything. You may need
to improve yourself and so (59)______ courses in that field could turn a weakness into strength.
You will need to (60)______ some time on your self-assessment. Your honesty and the desire for self-
improvement will lead to (61)______ in getting the right job. Explore the following seven areas to start to
get to know yourself: your aptitude, your skills, your personality, the level of responsibility you feel
comfortable with, your interests and your needs.
Ask (62)______ if you have any special talents and if you need to consider your physical health when
choosing a job. Be as honest and realistic as you can, and ask for other people's (63)______ if necessary.
Make a list of these things. It is usually a good idea to talk about your aptitudes with teachers, family and
friends.
If you are considering a career that (64)______ a special talent, such as art, acrobatics, mathematics or
music, discuss your aptitudes with (65)______ expert in that area and discover how they fit the needs of the
occupation.
56. A. strong B. strength C. strengthen D. strengthened
57. A. position B. location C. spot D. room
58. A. upon B. in C. at D. for
59. A. meeting B. taking C. making D. interviewing
60. A. use B. make C. lose D. spend
61. A. success B. successful C. successfully D. succeed
62. A. you B. your C. yours D. yourself
63. A. interests B. fields C. opinions D. attendances
64. A. requires B. asks C. tells D. urges
65. A. a B. an C. the D. this

56. 59. 62. 65.

57. 60. 63.
58. 61. 64.

III. Read the following text and choose the best answer for the questions below. Write your answer in
the space provided.
May 7th 1840 was the birthday of one of the most famous Russian composers of the nineteenth century:
Peter Ilyich Tchaikovsky, the son of a mining inspector. Tchaikovsky studied music as a child and later
studied composition at the St. Petersburg Conservatory. His greatest period of productivity occurred
between 1876 and 1890, during which time he enjoyed patronage of Madame von Meck, a woman he
never met, who gave him a yearly living stipend. Madame von Meck later terminated her friendship with
Tchaikovsky, as well as his living allowance, when she, herself, was facing financial difficulties. It was
during the time of Madame von Meck’s patronage, however, that Tchaikovsky created the music for which
he is most famous, including the music for the ballets of “Swan Lake” and “The Sleeping Beauty”.
Tchaikovsky’s music, well-known for its rich melodic and sometimes melancholy passages, was one of the
first that brought serious dramatic music to dance. Before this, little attention had been given to the music
behind the dance. Tchaikovsky died ostensibly of cholera on November 6 th 1893, though there are now
some scholars who argue that he committed suicide.
66. The best title for this passage could be ______.
A. “The Life and Music of Tchaikovsky”
B. “Development of Tchaikovsky’s Music for Ballets”
C. “Tchaikovsky’s Relationship with Madame von Meck”
D. “The Cause of Tchaikovsky’s Death”
67. According to the passage, all of the following describe Madame von Meck EXCEPT ______.
A. she had economic troubles
B. she was generous
C. she was never introduced to Tchaikovsky
D. she enjoyed Tchaikovsky’s music
68. According to the passage, Tchaikovsky’s music is most well-known for ______.
A. its repetitive and monotonous tones
B. the ballet-like quality of music
C. the richness and melodic drama of the music
D. its lively, capricious melodies
69. Which of the following is NOT mentioned in the passage?
A. Tchaikovsky’s influence on ballet music.
B. Tchaikovsky’s unhappiness leading to suicide.
C. The patronage of Madame von Meck.
D. Tchaikovsky’s productivity in composing.
70. It can be inferred from the passage that ______.
A. it was not the music behind the dance that made Tchaikovsky famous
B. there is suspicion on the cause of Tchaikovsky’s death
C. Madame von Meck was one of the most famous Russian composers
D. Madame von Meck was one of Tchaikovsky’s girlfriends
66. 68. 70.
67. 69.

SECTION D: WRITING
I. Finish the second sentence in such a way that it means the same as the sentence printed before it.
71. It is extremely difficult for us to make ends meet these days.
We find ..............................................................................................................................................................
72. Alice and Charles did not decide to move to a bigger house until after the birth of their second
child.
Only when ...........................................................................................................................................................
73. While mending the road, they accidentally blocked our water pipes.
They accidentally cut off .....................................................................................................................................
74. He brought the umbrella along but it didn't rain.
He needn't .........................................................................................................................................................
75. While I strongly disapprove of your behaviour, I will help you this time.
Despite ...............................................................................................................................................................
II. Use the word given in brackets and make any necessary additions to write a new sentence in such a
way that it is as similar as possible in meaning to the original sentence. Do NOT change the form of
the given word(s).
76. When I was driving, I realized that the car wasn’t working properly. (WRONG)
…………………………………………………………………………………………………
77. Sandra said that she was willing to work late. (MIND)
…………………………………………………………………………………………………
78. They pretended to be enjoying themselves, but they weren’t really. (AS)
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79. I can't lift this table on my own. (UNLESS)
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80. The coins are believed to have been buried for safe-keeping. (IT)
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