Redundant Disk Array User’s Guide

Table of Contents

TABLE OF CONTENTS
Chapter 1 - Introduction
1.1 General Information................................................................................................. 1-1
1.2 Equipment Requirements......................................................................................... 1-2
1.3 Manual Organization ............................................................................................... 1-2
1.4 Conventions ............................................................................................................. 1-3
1.5 Related Documents .................................................................................................. 1-3
1.6 Release History ........................................................................................................ 1-4
1.7 Terminology............................................................................................................. 1-4
1.7.1 Acronyms Used In This Guide ............................................................... 1-4
1.8 Product Overview .................................................................................................... 1-5
1.8.1 General.................................................................................................... 1-5
1.8.2 RDA Unit Features.................................................................................. 1-5
1.8.3 RDA Unit as External Mass Storage System.......................................... 1-6
1.8.3.1 Power Distribution ........................................................... 1-8

Chapter 2 - Installation
2.1 General Information................................................................................................. 2-1
2.1.1 Installation Planning ............................................................................... 2-2
2.1.1.1 Site Selection and Preparation ......................................... 2-2
2.1.1.2 RDA Unit Placement........................................................ 2-2
2.1.2 Power and Cabling Considerations......................................................... 2-4
2.1.2.1 Power Input Voltage ......................................................... 2-4
2.1.2.2 Shielding and Grounding ................................................. 2-4
2.1.2.3 Termination of Cables ...................................................... 2-4
2.1.3 Power Requirements ............................................................................... 2-5
2.2 Installation Procedures............................................................................................. 2-5
2.2.1 Installation Procedures Overview ........................................................... 2-5
2.2.2 Unpacking............................................................................................... 2-6
2.2.3 Place and Position the Equipment .......................................................... 2-6
2.2.4 Assembly of RDA Unit........................................................................... 2-6
2.2.5 Connecting to the Computer ................................................................... 2-7
2.2.6 Switch Settings ....................................................................................... 2-9
2.2.6.1 RDA Unit Input Voltage Range Switch ........................... 2-9
2.2.6.2 SCSI Selector Switch ....................................................... 2-9
2.2.7 Connectors ........................................................................................... 2-10
2.2.7.1 Advant Station Connectors............................................. 2-10
2.2.7.2 RDA Unit Connectors .................................................... 2-10
2.2.8 Cable Connections ................................................................................ 2-11

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CONTENTS (continued)
2.2.8.1 Power Connections ......................................................... 2-11
2.2.8.2 SCSI Device Connections .............................................. 2-14
2.3 Powering Up the System ........................................................................................ 2-16
2.3.1 Steps before Energizing the Power Outlet ............................................ 2-16
2.3.2 Order in which the Power Switches are Turned On .............................. 2-16
2.3.3 Powering Up the RDA Unit .................................................................. 2-16
2.3.4 Formatting ............................................................................................. 2-17
2.4 Product Verification................................................................................................ 2-17
2.4.1 Status and Information Screens............................................................. 2-17
2.4.1.1 Initialization Screens ...................................................... 2-17
2.4.1.2 Initialization Error Screens............................................. 2-18
2.4.1.3 Normal Operation Screen ............................................... 2-20

Chapter 3 - Configuration and Application Building

Chapter 4 - Operation
4.1 Elements of RDA Unit ............................................................................................. 4-1
4.1.1 Hard Drives ............................................................................................. 4-1
4.1.2 The Front Panel ....................................................................................... 4-1
4.1.2.1 Rebuild Button.................................................................. 4-2
4.1.2.2 Select Button .................................................................... 4-2
4.1.2.3 Rank Indicator .................................................................. 4-2
4.1.2.4 Disk Drive Status Lights................................................... 4-2
4.1.2.5 The LCD Window ............................................................ 4-2
4.1.2.6 Power Lights..................................................................... 4-3
4.2 How to Use the Front Panel ..................................................................................... 4-3
4.3 Operational LCD Displays ....................................................................................... 4-4
4.3.1 Normal Operation Screen........................................................................ 4-4
4.3.2 Formatting Screen ................................................................................... 4-4
4.3.3 Steady State Operation Error Screens ..................................................... 4-4
4.3.3.1 Rebuild Required Screen .................................................. 4-4
4.3.3.2 Drive Missing Screen ....................................................... 4-5
4.3.3.3 Drive Failure Screen ......................................................... 4-5
4.3.3.4 Hard Drive Too Small Screen........................................... 4-5
4.3.3.5 Drive Mismatch Screen .................................................... 4-5
4.4 Rebuilding a Drive ................................................................................................... 4-5
4.4.1 Disk Failure ............................................................................................. 4-6
4.4.2 Drive Rebuilding ..................................................................................... 4-6
4.4.2.1 Formatting ........................................................................ 4-7

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CONTENTS (continued)
4.4.2.2 Copying ............................................................................ 4-7

Chapter 5 - Maintenance
5.1 Electrostatic Discharge (ESD) Precautions ............................................................. 5-1
5.2 Corrective Maintenance Definition.......................................................................... 5-1
5.3 Managing Your RAID Module ................................................................................ 5-1
5.3.1 Disk Drive Replacement ......................................................................... 5-2
5.3.2 Power Supply Replacement .................................................................... 5-2

Appendix A - Specifications
A.1 Redundant Disk Array MP521 and MP522 ............................................................ A-1

Appendix B - Error and Sense Codes

B.1 Drive Error Codes ....................................................................................................B-1
B.2 Sense Key Code .......................................................................................................B-1
B.3 Additional Sense Code.............................................................................................B-3
B.3.1 Firmware Origination Code ....................................................................B-3
B.4 Additional Sense Code Qualifier .............................................................................B-7
B.4.1 WD33C93A SCSI Interface Chip Status Code.......................................B-7

Appendix C - Controller Codes

C.1 Controller Error Codes.............................................................................................C-1

Appendix D - Glossary

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ILLUSTRATIONS
Figure 1-1. Redundant Disk Array .................................................................................. 1-1
Figure 1-2. Manual Organization Diagram ..................................................................... 1-2
Figure 1-3. Power Distribution Unit ................................................................................ 1-8
Figure 2-1. RDA Unit Dimensions .................................................................................. 2-3
Figure 2-2. Power Distribution with IEC 320 power cables............................................ 2-4
Figure 2-3. RDA Unit, Inside View ................................................................................. 2-7
Figure 2-4. Rear View of RDA Unit................................................................................ 2-8
Figure 2-5. Input Voltage Range Select Switch on the RDA Unit. ................................. 2-9
Figure 2-6. SSCI Selector Switch.................................................................................... 2-9
Figure 2-7. Rear View of Advant Station 515 ............................................................... 2-10
Figure 2-8. SCSI Bus Connections................................................................................ 2-10
Figure 2-9. Power Connections, General View ............................................................. 2-11
Figure 2-10. Power Connections, Detailed View ............................................................ 2-13
Figure 2-11. SCSI Connector for External Mass Memory .............................................. 2-14
Figure 2-12. RDA Unit Connected to One Advant Station ............................................. 2-14
Figure 2-13. RDA Unit Connected to Three Advant Stations ......................................... 2-15
Figure 4-1. RDA Front Panel........................................................................................... 4-1
Figure 5-1. Power Supply Unit........................................................................................ 5-3

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TABLES
Table 1-1. Redundant Disk Array Items ........................................................................ 1-7
Table 2-1. Equipment Power Dissipation ...................................................................... 2-5
Table 2-2. Power cord set according to IEC 320. ........................................................ 2-12
Table 2-3. SCSI Connection Cables ............................................................................ 2-15
Table 2-4. SCSI-II Low Density Terminator ............................................................... 2-16
Table A-1. RDA MP521 and MP522 Specifications ..................................................... A-1
Table B-1. Sense Key Codes ..........................................................................................B-1
Table B-2. Firmware Origination Codes ........................................................................B-3
Table B-3. WD33C93A SCSI Interface Chip Status Codes...........................................B-7
Table C-1. Controller Error Codes .................................................................................C-1

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Section 1.1 General Information

Chapter 1 Introduction

1.1 General Information

The Redundant Disk Array (RDA), Figure 1-1, is an external drive unit that uses Redundant
Array of Independent Disks (RAID) technology to provide the utmost in reliability and data
availability in the system. The RDA unit can hold 3 pairs (ranks) of disk drives. ABB adds the
RDA unit to the Advant Station 500 Series workstations to meet industrial requirements of
process plant operations.

REBUILD SELECT R DISK DRIVE STATUS POWER

A
1 2 1 2 1 2 1 2
N
K
RANK1 RANK2 RANK3

Figure 1-1. Redundant Disk Array

The RDA with an Advant Station 500 Series workstation performs a wide variety of functions
when combined with basic software and Advant technology applications. Available software
packages are, for example, AdvaCommand software.
This guide explains how to install and operate the RDA unit, a Feature Fault Tolerant (FFT)
disk subsystem that provides the utmost in hardware reliability and data availability.
This guide provides detailed information for using the RDA unit on a the Advant Station 500
Series workstations. It also describes the unit’s front panel and gives you an understanding of
the various messages that may be displayed on the LCD screen.
Use this guide to operate the RDA unit, to learn about the buttons and lights on the front panel,
and to gain an understanding of the various messages that may be displayed on the LCD screen.
This guide is intended for system administrators who are responsible for maintaining the RDA
unit on their system. A system administrator should understand the basic operation and
administration of their Advant Station 500 Series workstations.
This manual provides a general physical and functional description of the Redundant Disk
Array hardware and provides information for installation, service, and maintenance. It is also
intended to support Advant OCS training courses offered by ABB.

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1.2 Equipment Requirements

Equipment requirements for the Advant Station vary, depending on your required functionality
(operator station, batch station or information management station). Refer to the applicable
station-level instruction book as described in Section 1.5 Related Documents for details.

1.3 Manual Organization

This book is organized into chapters and sections as shown in Figure 1-2. Some sections may
not be applicable for this book.

Chapter

Configuration/ Runtime
Introduction Installation Application Maintenance Appendix Index
Building Operation

General General Not Applicable Operation Electrostatic General Specs.

Information Information Elements Discharge
Precautions Error and
Equipment Installation Front Panel Sense Codes
Requirements Procedures Operation Corrective
Manual Start-up Maintenance Controller
Organization Procedures Operational Error Codes
LCD Displays Managing the
Conventions Product RDA Unit Glossary
Verification Reconstruction
Related LCD Displays
Documentation
Release Section
History
Terminology
Product
Overview

Figure 1-2. Manual Organization Diagram

Chapter 1. Introduction
This chapter introduces the Redundant Disk Array and describes its features.
Chapter 2. Installation
This chapter describes some of the physical aspects of the RDA unit and will give you an
understanding of how to start-up the unit and use the unit’s front panel.
Chapter 3. Configuration/Application Building
This chapter does not apply to this document.
Chapter 4. Runtime Operation
This chapter describes the status and information messages that appear on the LCD screen and
how to reconstruct a hard drive.

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Section 1.4 Conventions

Chapter 5. Maintenance
This chapter discusses how to manage the RDA unit.
Appendix A. Specifications
This appendix provides the specification of the RDA unit.
Appendix B. Drive Error Codes
This appendix explains the meaning of the drive error codes that may be displayed by the RAID
controller in the LCD window during drive failure.
Appendix C. Controller Error Codes
This appendix lists the possible sense key/additional sense code/ additional sense code qualifier
values returned by the RAID controller.
Appendix D. Glossary
This appendix provides a listing of words used in this document.
Index

1.4 Conventions
The following notation conventions are used in this guide:
• Text that appears on the LCD screen is shown as follows:

ECCS RAID Module

(c) 1993 R1.0.A

• Keys or buttons that you must press are shown as all caps in a bold font, as follows:
Press the SELECT button.

1.5 Related Documents

For information regarding the software for operator station (OS), batch station (BS),
information management station (IMS) or hardware, refer to the appropriate product manual:
• Advant Station 510 Hardware User’s Guide (OS)
• Advant Station 515 Hardware User’s Guide (OS, BS, IMS)
• Advant Station 520i Hardware User’s Guide (OS, IMS)
• Advant Station 530 Hardware User’s Guide (IMS)
• Advant Station Operator Station User’s Guide
• Advant Station Information Management Station User’s Guide
For specific information regarding the workstation itself, which is Model 715/33 for Advant
Station 510 and Model715/50 for Advant Station 515, refer to the HP Apollo 9000
Model 715/33 andModel 715/50 Owner's Guide manual (HP Part No A2084-90601). This
manual is shipped with your system.

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For specific information regarding the workstation itself, which is HP 9000 Model 747i for
Advant Station 520i, refer to the HP Apollo 9000 Model 745i/747i Owner's Guide for HP-UX
Users manual (HP Part No A2261-90014). This manual was shipped with your system.
The following documents are published by ECCS and can be ordered by writing to ECCS Inc.
• ECCS RAID Module FFT-1 Administration Guide.
This manual provides introductory information for using the ECCS RAID Module FFT-1
family.
• ECCS RAID Module, Vanity II Controller, Technical Reference Manual, Revision V2-
001.
This manual provides in-depth information required to integrate the ECCS RAID Module
subsystem into your computer system. This manual supplements the information presented
in the ECCS RAID Module FFT-1 Administration Guide.

1.6 Release History

This manual corresponds to:
First release of the Redundant Disk Array.
Second release with:
• larger capacity drives
• use with the AS510 OS
• use with IMS version 1.2 on the AS515 IMS, AS520i IMS and AS530 IMS

1.7 Terminology

1.7.1 Acronyms Used In This Guide

The following acronyms and/or abbreviations are used in this guide:
ANSI American National Standards Institute
ECC Error Correction Code.
GB gigabyte (230 or 1,073,741,824 bytes).
Hz hertz (vibrations per second).
I/O Input/Output signal.
IOPS Input/Output operations per second.
KB kilobyte (210 or 1,024 bytes).
LCD Liquid Crystal Display.
LED Light Emitting Diode.
LUN Logical Unit Number.
MB megabyte (220 or 1,048,576 bytes).

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ms millisecond (0.001 second).

MSG Message signal.
MTTR Mean Time To Repair.
RAID Redundant Array of Independent Disks.
RAM Random Access Memory.
SCSI Small Computer Systems Interface.
µs microsecond (0.000001 second).
xxh hexadecimal values

1.8 Product Overview

1.8.1 General
The most fragile component of a computer system is usually its disk subsystem. Most system
crashes are related to failures in the disk drives.
RAID, an acronym for Redundant Array of Independent Disks, is a revolutionary new
technology that has been developed to address this problem. RAID was created to provide
higher reliability and performance for disk subsystems. Simply put, it is a subsystem consisting
of multiple disks which spreads and shares data among the various drives. There are various
versions of RAID, known as level 0 through 5. RAID level 1 is commonly referred to as RAID1.
The RDA Unit is a Feature Fault Tolerant RAID1 disk subsystem designed to provide the
utmost in hardware reliability and data availability. RAID1 technology, also called disk
mirroring, consists of two drives working in parallel and containing, block by block, the same
information. RAID1 offers excellent data protection, since in the event of either of the two
drives failing, the same data is available from the mirrored drive. Feature Fault Tolerance (FFT)
offers a high degree of subsystem redundancy for near-total fault tolerance. FFT means that
critical features (functions) are backed up to continue operation if a part should fail.

1.8.2 RDA Unit Features

The RDA unit has the following features:
• Disk Redundancy - Fewer system failures and less downtime due to the ability of the
subsystem to continue to operate when one drive has failed. A failed drive can be replaced
at your convenience.
• Data Reliability - Since data sent to a logical drive is actually written onto two hard disk
units, a RDA unit reduces data lost due to bad blocks or failed drives by the ability to
reconstruct the information from other drives.
• Transparent Mirroring Process - The Mirroring Process is transparent to the Advant
Station which sees the RDA Unit as an ordinary hard drive. This disk subsystem also
reduces SCSI Bus traffic by 50% over software mirroring implementations during WRITE
operations.

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• Hot-Swapping - Hot-swapping is supported by the removable drives. This means a failed

drive can be replaced without having to shutdown the system. The disk subsystem can also
detect and correct bad blocks without intervention from the host computer.

• Drive Status Information - Through a Liquid Crystal Display (LCD) and six Light
Emitting Diodes (LEDs) the user can see the status of the drives. The LCD will provide
information regarding the condition and performance of the disk subsystem. The six LEDs
indicate, by the use of colors (RED, GREEN and AMBER), the current operational
condition of the drives.
• Audible Alarm - A beeper sounds if one of the drives in a rank fails. The sound is
repeated every 10 minutes until both drives in that rank are operational.
• Rebuilding Process - Rebuilding of a newly replaced drive can occur simultaneously with
normal system activity and is transparent to the system.
• SCSI Interface Features - SCSI Interface allows asynchronous data transfer rates up to
2.5 Mb/sec and synchronous data transfer rates to 5.0 Mb/sec. SCSI parity checking on the
SCSI Buses insures reliable data transmission.
• Variable Configurations - The RDA unit is available in a 19" rack mount or table-top
cabinet, with up to three ranks (pairs) of removable disk drive units. Configurations with
one or two ranks can be expanded by adding more ranks.
• Power Supply Redundancy - The RDA unit is equipped with two power supplies. If one
power supply fails, its LED will go off, and the second supply will keep the unit
operational.

NOTE
The RDA Unit does not provide power conditioning or protection. If power line
conditioners or uninterruptable power supplies are needed at your site, the RDA
Unit should be protected in the same way as your system.

1.8.3 RDA Unit as External Mass Storage System

The Advant Station 500 Series may come equipped with a RDA unit. The RDA unit comes with
its own cabinet and power supplies. The cabinet has low density SCSI-II input and output
connectors. It must be connected to the SCSI-II device “OUT” connector on the Advant Station
system unit.

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Section 1.8.3 RDA Unit as External Mass Storage System

The Redundant Disk Array can be a MP521 rack mount unit, or a MP522 table top unit. (See
Table 1-1 for details).

Table 1-1. Redundant Disk Array Items

Type
Equipment Items Article No.
Designation
Redundant Disk Array unit, rack MP521 3BUC630002R0001
mounting
Redundant Disk Array unit, table MP522 3BUC630003R0001
top mounting
Redundant Disk Array unit, MP521K01 3BUR000626R0001
Console cabinet mounting
1.0 Gbyte hard disk drive ass’y. MP523 3BUC630004R0001
2.0 Gbyte hard disk drive ass’y. MP525 3BUC630005R0001
1.0 Gbyte hard disk set (2 drives) MP524 3BUR000515R0001
2.0 Gbyte hard disk set (2 drives) MP526 3BUR000612R0001
Power Supply, removable SD503 3BUC610002R0001
SCSI Cable, 304 mm (1 ft.) TK554V003 3BUC950003R0001
SCSI Low Density Terminator TX503 3BSC840081R0001

The Redundant Disk Array unit includes:

• a cabinet (rack or table top mounting) with redundant power supplies
• three RAID controllers to external SCSI connectors.
• Up to three MP524 1.0 GByte or MP526 2.0 GByte hard disk sets can be installed in the
cabinet, providing up to a total of 6.0 GByte redundant mass storage.
Each set of disk drives can be connected to a different Advant Station 500 Series workstation or
all three disk drive sets can be cabled to one Advant Station. The total cable length on a SCSI
bus is set at 6 meters for a single-ended bus (must include external and internal cables).

NOTE
Each disk drive set installed in this cabinet occupies one address on a
SCSI-II interface bus.

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1.8.3.1 Power Distribution

The Advant Station 500 Series comes equipped with an SX520 Power Distribution Unit with
IEC-320 compatible connectors and power cables. The power distribution unit is designed to
reduce the impact of country-specific power cords by standardizing on the IEC-320.
The RDA unit should be plugged into the power distribution unit with a cord set supplied with
the power distribution unit.

SX 520

Figure 1-3. Power Distribution Unit

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Section 2.1 General Information

Chapter 2 Installation

2.1 General Information

The Redundant Disk Array unit is easy to install if you carefully follow the procedures outlined
in this chapter.
This chapter provides information for:
• installation planning
– site selection and preparation
– power or cabling considerations
– power requirements
• installation procedures
– unpacking
– RDA unit assembly (insertion of the disk-pack modules into the subsystem frame)
– placement of equipment
– switch settings
– cabling
• Start-up procedures and product verification
– powering up the system
– formatting

Electrostatic Discharge (ESD) Precautions

Electrostatic discharge (ESD) can result from the buildup of static electricity on or around the
components you handle. You can even carry a charge on your own body, and the discharge of
this energy through a component or your computer can cause damage to the system.

CAUTION
Observe the following precautions at all times during removal and replacements
tasks to prevent damage to the Advant Station system unit and peripheral
equipment from ESD:

1.Stand on a static-free mat.

2.Wear a grounded static strap on your wrist to ensure that any accumulated electrostatic
charge will be discharged from your body to ground.

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3.Connect all equipment including static mat and strap, routing nodes, and peripherals to
safety ground.
4.Keep all uninsulated printed circuit boards/cards in their protective antistatic bags.
5.Handle all printed circuit boards/cards by their edges, once you have removed them
from their protective antistatic bags.

2.1.1 Installation Planning

2.1.1.1 Site Selection and Preparation

This section includes information for placement and space considerations.

2.1.1.2 RDA Unit Placement

The RDA unit is built for a control room environment. Refer to Appendix A Specifications for
environmental information. The RDA MP521 may be set in 19" rack cabinets such as the 6000E
series. The RDA MP522 unit may be installed flat on the desktop. The RDA MP522 unit may

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have equipment placed on top of it, such as the Advant Station’s system unit. Figure 2-1 shows
the dimensions of the RDA units. Rear cable connections require another 155mm (6") of space.

222mm(8.75")

559mm(22")

482mm(19")
MP521 Rack Mount

235mm(9.25")

559mm(22")

482mm(19")
MP522 Desktop Mount

Figure 2-1. RDA Unit Dimensions

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2.1.2 Power and Cabling Considerations

The distribution of power to the RDA unit is via standard IEC 320 power cables. In this way
most of the power cables are independent of national power outlets. Only one power plug will
be dependent of the national power plug format. It is the plug that must be installed on the cable
connecting the power distribution unit SX520 to the wall power outlet.

To Advant Station system unit

Wall power outlet To monitor
To other devices

SX 520 National independent IEC 320 plugs

National dependent plug

Figure 2-2. Power Distribution with IEC 320 power cables

Each equipment item is powered by an IEC-320 power cord from an SX520.

2.1.2.1 Power Input Voltage

Different equipment items have different input voltage ranges. Some items are made for 120V
power input, others for 230V, and some have “autoselecting” voltage input. The selection of
power range is made automatically inside the equipment.
The RDA unit has a selector switch at the back, on each of the power supply units. Refer to
Section 2.2.6.1 for power supply unit switch settings.

CAUTION
Before connecting the RDA unit to the power line, be sure that the right
voltage range is selected on each power supply unit!

2.1.2.2 Shielding and Grounding

For information regarding proper shielding and grounding, refer to ABB Automation
publication “Installation Rules”, current order number 7650 203-203 or later. This publication
presents “Installation Rules” to facilitate the work of system configuration for interference-free
operation.
RDA unit should be powered from the same power outlet as the Advant Station system unit.

2.1.2.3 Termination of Cables

Termination of the SCSI bus cabling is required.

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2.1.3 Power Requirements

The following table provides power requirements and heat generation data for building and
support structures related to the RDA unit.

Table 2-1. Equipment Power Dissipation

Equipped Power
Power with dissipation
Equipment
Requirement internal in watt
fan maximum
RDA unit, rack mounted, MP521 115/230 V ac, Yes 200 W(1)
47 - 63 Hz
RDA unit, table top mounted, MP522 115/230 V ac, Yes 200 W(1)
47 - 63 Hz
(1) Power dissipation with one rank (2 drives) installed. Each additional rank adds 18 watts.

2.2 Installation Procedures

This section describes how to unpack, assemble, mount, connect, and check out the RDA unit.

2.2.1 Installation Procedures Overview

The following overview shows the recommended sequence for installation procedures. Each of
these procedures is described in greater detail in subsequent sections.
1. Unpack the equipment in a staging area.
2. Assemble the operators desk.
3. Place the equipment in their respective locations.
4. Set any switches and jumpers as required.
5. Install and connect the power distribution system.
6. Install signal and control cables with terminators
7. Check power, signal and control cables
8. For each equipment turn off the individual power ON-OFF switch.
9. Connect the Uninterruptible Power Supply to designated mains power.
10. Connect the Power Distribution Unit SX520 to designated mains power.
11. Turn on the power to the terminal.
12. Order in which the power switches are turned on

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2.2.2 Unpacking
Reserve a staging area of 4 by 4 meters. If the Operator Desk or the VSH 200 cabinet is
selected, reserve additional space.
As you unpack, check out the equipment against the packing list. The part number, the type
number, and the serial number are indicated on the label of each box. Record this information in
a site configuration list.
Unpack the operator desk with associated desk items and check that all items are included per
the shipping list. Record missing items and contact ABB Customer Service if any items are
missing. Proceed with the mounting and assembly as instructed in the instructions provided
with the shipment.

2.2.3 Place and Position the Equipment

Once the operators desk with the monitor arm is assembled, checked and positioned, place the
related equipment in the following order, and as instructed below:
1. Place the optional Uninterruptible Power Supply (UPS) below the operator desk.
2. Place the “UPS POWER” Distribution Unit SX520 as required.
3. Place the “MAINS POWER” Distribution Unit SX520 as required.
4. Place the monitor(s) on the extendable monitor arms (brackets).
5. Place the Advant Station system unit on top or below the operator desk.
6. Place the DAT Tape Drive on the operator desk temporarily.
7. Place the Universal and Annunciator keyboards on the operator desk.
8. Place the operators trackball to the right of the keyboard on the operator desk.
9. Place the Redundant Disk Array unit below the Advant Station system unit.
10. Place the printers on printer stands or desks.
11. Place the DAT Tape Drive in its permanent location.

2.2.4 Assembly of RDA Unit

Assembly consists of inserting two, four or six disk modules into the slots at the front of the
subsystem frame.

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Section 2.2.5 Connecting to the Computer

1. Open the front door of the frame by releasing the fasteners and swinging the door
downward. Figure 2-3 depicts the RDA unit with the door open.

Liquid Crystal Display (LCD) Window Rank-Drive Label(1)

REBUILD SELECT R DISK DRIVE STATUS POWER

A
N 1 2 1 2 1 2 1 2
K
RANK1 RANK2 RANK3

R1-1 R1-2 R2-1 R2-2 R3-1 R3-2

Access Light Emitting Diode (LED) Thumb Latch Handle On/Off Rocker Switch
(1) Rank-Drive Label may be user installed as required.

Figure 2-3. RDA Unit, Inside View

2. Insert each of the disk modules into one of the six slots, beginning at the left, and being
careful that the connectors are properly and securely mated at the rear of the frame. Notice
that the module’s latch is thumb-operated and, when a disk unit is inserted, the thumb latch
will “snap” into place. This locks the unit in position and turns the power ON.

NOTE
Normally, when disk modules are inserted under “hot” (power-on) conditions, the
green LED will light, indicating that proper insertion has been accomplished. The
lights will not light here, because power is not on.

2.2.5 Connecting to the Computer

1. Determine the configuration and SCSI ID number of each of the SCSI Host Adapters
present in the Advant Station.
2. The RDA unit uses a single-ended SCSI interface with connections at the back of the unit.
There should be a sticker on top of the SCSI connectors identifying the right interface for
the unit.
3. Check the SCSI bus configuration. SCSI Host Adapters can accommodate a maximum of
7 devices each. The Advant Station system unit itself uses SCSI ID number 7. The root
disk unit should be set to SCSI address 6.
4. Use the SCSI ID Switches in the back of the RDA unit to set the SCSI ID's. These ID's
must be set to the addresses of the available taps you found in Step 3. There are two push-

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buttons, one above and one below each ID indicator. Use the bottom button to increase the
ID number and the top button to decrease the ID number. When facing the ID's, the
rightmost ID is associated with the first rank, the middle ID is associated with the second
rank, and the leftmost ID is associated with the third rank.
5. Remember, each rank (pair) occupies one SCSI ID. Therefore, a fully configured RDA
unit, with three ranks, occupies three SCSI IDs. Each of these IDs must be unique, and in
the range of 0-6. You cannot use the Advant Station system unit’s ID number (or any other
busy ID numbers) that you identified in step 3.
6. Make sure the Advant Station system unit is OFF. If the RDA unit is the first external
device to be connected to the Advant Station system unit, plug the SCSI cable into the
SCSI connector. Otherwise, remove the terminator resistor from the last unit on the SCSI
bus to which the RDA unit is to be attached. Plug the SCSI cable on the receptacle left
open by removal of the terminator resistor.
7. Connect the loose end of the SCSI cable installed in Step 6 to the back of the RDA unit.
You can use either of the two receptacles in the back of the unit. Once you have connected
the SCSI cable into one of the receptacles, plug the terminator resistor into the other one.

NOTE
Failure to use a terminator resistor on a SCSI Bus could result in malfunctioning
of the devices attached to it.

Figure 2-4 shows the rear view of the RDA unit.

Rank
3 2 1 Single Ended
SCSI
6 5 4

Rank 3 Rank 2 Rank 1

Figure 2-4. Rear View of RDA Unit

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2.2.6 Switch Settings

2.2.6.1 RDA Unit Input Voltage Range Switch

Input voltage range for the RDA unit is switch selectable on each power supply unit. The power
supplies are shipped configured for 115 V rms. In areas where 230 V rms. is used, you must
change the range select switches to 230 V rms. The input voltage range select switch is located
at the rear of the unit on each the power supply panels. Use a sharp tool to move the switch left
for 230 V.

Power On
LED

115
Voltage Selector Switch

Figure 2-5. Input Voltage Range Select Switch on the RDA Unit.

2.2.6.2 SCSI Selector Switch

The SCSI ID Switches in the back of the RDA unit are used to set the SCSI ID's. There are two
push-buttons, one above and one below each ID indicator. Use the bottom button to increase the
ID number and the top button to decrease the ID number. When facing the ID switch, the
rightmost ID is associated with the first rank, the middle ID is associated with the second rank,
and the leftmost ID is associated with the third rank.

Rank
321 Decrease

6 54

Increase

Figure 2-6. SSCI Selector Switch

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2.2.7 Connectors

2.2.7.1 Advant Station Connectors

Connectors for networks, peripherals, monitors, etc. are provided on the rear of the Advant
Station system unit, Figure 2-7.

Power Cord
Connector

Embedded
SCSI Device
Connector

Figure 2-7. Rear View of Advant Station 515

2.2.7.2 RDA Unit Connectors

SCSI Interface connectors for the RDA unit are located at the rear of the unit. Figure 2-8 shows
the connectors for SCSI bus connection.

Single Ended
SCSI

Rank 3 Rank 2 Rank 1

Figure 2-8. SCSI Bus Connections

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2.2.8 Cable Connections

The RDA unit is connected to the Advant Station 500 Series workstation with a SCSI bus cable
and powered by the distribution unit used by the workstation.

2.2.8.1 Power Connections

The power distribution system should be installed after the equipment has been assembled and
mounted or placed in their respective locations. The power cables are installed and connected
prior to the installation of the SCSI signal and control cables, to provide a ground path for
electro static discharge. The static electrical potential can be high on some of the equipment.
Power connections are basically the same for 110 V ac and 230 V ac. A general view of the
power connections is shown in Figure 2-9. A more detailed view is provided in Figure 2-10. The
required power cord set for 110 V ac or 230 V ac applications is described in Table 2-2. The
following are recommendations and guidelines for power connections:
• Provide 4 power wall outlets with individual power switches next to the outlet. Reserve 3
of the outlets for power to the Advant Station 500 series workstation. Reserve the
remaining outlet for other equipment.
• The SX520 is specified for a maximum of 10 amps. Size the fuse of each wall outlet to 10
amps at 110 v.a.c. or 230 v.a.c. as required
• Connect line power from the power outlet to the primary SX520 power distribution unit.
• Route one IEC 320 power cord to the secondary power distribution unit SX520.
• Route one IEC 320 power cord to the optional Uninterruptible Power Supply SV520.
• From the Uninterruptible Power Supply (UPS) route a power cord to a secondary SX520
power distribution unit for critical loads.
• From the secondary SX520 power distribution unit providing uninterrupted power, reserve
or route 3 power cords to such equipment as:
– Advant Station system unit
– A Color monitor
– The RDA unit

Critical
UPS SX520 loads
Power
outlets
Non-critical
SX520 loads

Document
printer

Operator
table motor

Figure 2-9. Power Connections, General View

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Table 2-2. Power cord set according to IEC 320.

Type Description of Cable Article No

TK574 Power Cord Set with molded power 3BSC950031R0025
connectors according to EN 60320 (IEC 320)
2.5 meters

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IM 51x

R G B Sync

RGB

IH 580
or
IH 581

RDA Unit HP Mouse

Rear view of
HP Keyboard
Bottom view of
ABB Keyboard

MP 521/522

MT 510

RS232
Power
SCSI Parallel HP-HIL RS232 AUI VIDEO

Advant Station 515

Advant Station system unit

DSEP 1925/1926

RS232

SX 520 SX 520 SV 520

or
SV 521

Figure 2-10. Power Connections, Detailed View

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2.2.8.2 SCSI Device Connections

Internal SCSI devices, such as hard disks, are internally connected to the processor. External
SCSI devices may be connected to the SCSI connector on the back of the Advant Station system
unit. This connector is a high density connector. The Advant Station system unit will start up
even if the SCSI connector is left empty, without a terminator. If external SCSI peripherals are
connected, the last device must be terminated by the special low density “Termination
Connector” TX503.

RDA Unit Connection

RDA unit connections are made to the SCSI (Small Computer Systems Interface) connector at
the rear of the Advant Station system unit, Figure 2-11.

RS232
Power
SCSI Parallel HP-HIL RS232 AUI VIDEO

Advant Station 515

Advant Station system unit

SCSI Connector

Figure 2-11. SCSI Connector for External Mass Memory

SCSI devices can be connected in daisy-chain fashion, Figure 2-12. The last device on the
SCSI-II bus must be terminated by installing a low density SCSI-II bus terminator TX503 on the
SCSI OUT connector of the last device.

Low Density
Terminator TX503

RS232
Power
SCSI Parallel HP-HIL RS232 AUI VIDEO
MP 521/522
Advant Station 515
Advant Station system unit

TK554V003 TK543V015
(2 pcs)

Figure 2-12. RDA Unit Connected to One Advant Station

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Figure 2-13 shows the connection of the RDA unit to three Advant Station system units.

Low Density
Terminators TX503

RS232
Power
SCSI Parallel HP-HIL RS232 AUI VIDEO
MP 521/522

TK543V015

RS232
Power
SCSI Parallel HP-HIL RS232 AUI VIDEO

RS232
Power
SCSI Parallel HP-HIL RS232 AUI VIDEO

Advant Station 515

Advant Station system unit

Figure 2-13. RDA Unit Connected to Three Advant Stations

The cable and terminator requirements are listed in Table 2-3 and Table 2-4.

Table 2-3. SCSI Connection Cables

Type Description of Cable Article No

TK543V015 Cable Assembly SCSI-II interface cable 1.5 3BSC950038R0001
meters. For connection of external SCSI-II
units to the Advant Station system unit.
TK548V020 Cable Assembly. SCSI-II interface cable 2.0 3BSC950046R0001
meters. For connection between two external
SCSI-II devices. Low density connectors at
ends.
TK554V003 Cable Assembly. SCSI-II interface cable 3BUC950003R0001
304mm. For connection between two ranks
of the RDA unit. Low density connectors at
both ends.

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Table 2-4. SCSI-II Low Density Terminator

Type Description of Item Article No

TX503 Active External Low Density SCSI bus 3BSC840018R0001
Terminator.

2.3 Powering Up the System

2.3.1 Steps before Energizing the Power Outlet

Do the following steps before power is applied to any of the equipment of an Advant Station.
1. Turn off the individual equipment’s power ON-OFF switches.
2. Connect the primary Power Distribution Unit SX520 to designated power outlet
3. Turn on the power at the power outlet.

2.3.2 Order in which the Power Switches are Turned On

Turn on the power switches in the following order:
1. Monitor
2. Uninterruptible Power Supply (UPS). The UPS needs a device power load to start up.
3. External Mass Memory Storage System (RDA Unit)
4. Printers
5. Advant Station system unit

2.3.3 Powering Up the RDA Unit

After all the connections have been made and SCSI ID switches set, turn the RDA unit ON to
assure proper functioning of the hardware, prior to installation of the software.

NOTE
Always turn the RDA unit on before turning the Advant Station system unit on.

1. Press the rocker switch (front, lower right) to the ON position. The Liquid Crystal Display
(LCD) window will be blank at this time, because the Advant Station system unit power is
not on.
2. Check each of the Disk Drive Status LEDs and the two Power LEDs (should be green), to
assure that all disk modules have been properly inserted.

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3. At this time, turn on the Advant Station system unit. As the system unit boots, it will
recognize the connection of the RDA unit. When booting is complete, the login prompt
will appear. If formatting is required, login as root and immediately go to single user
mode.

2.3.4 Formatting
If necessary, format, partition and make the corresponding file systems onto the RDA unit. The
RDA unit supports the hard drive command set for the operating system software you are
running on the Advant Station. Formatting and partitioning procedures, for example, are no
different for the RDA than for any standard hard drive.
Refer to Section 4.4.2.1 Formatting for more information before starting a format procedure.

WARNING
Do not format a drive that may contain application software or information
preloaded by ABB. Formatting will destroy all data on the disk.

2.4 Product Verification

2.4.1 Status and Information Screens

The LCD window provides vital information pertaining to the operation of the drives. In
addition to status information regarding each drive, the number of I/O operations per second is
displayed on this screen. This section will go into detail describing the information displayed on
the screen and the operational status of the controller at the time.

2.4.1.1 Initialization Screens

These screens are displayed during initialization of the disk sub-system.

Self-Test Screen
This screen is displayed when the system is first turned ON. This indicates the subsystem is
executing its internal power-up diagnostic routines to insure the hardware is working correctly.

Self-Test

Identification Screen
This screen is displayed after the self-test diagnostic has been completed. It identifies the
product and the RDA unit firmware release. If you ever need to call ABB for support, make sure
you know what firmware release you have before calling.

ECCS RAID Module

(c) 1993 R1.0.0A

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Drive Characteristic Screen

This screen appears shortly after the Identification Screen. It informs the user how much disk
storage is on-line and displays the SCSI Bus ID of this subsystem. In this example, the storage
disk capacity is 1021 MB and the SCSI ID is 5.

ECCS RAID Module

1021 MB Online ID 5

One MB equals 1,048,576 bytes, not 1,000,000 bytes.

2.4.1.2 Initialization Error Screens

If the following error screens appear, and there is no suggestion to correct the problem, write
down all of the information from the screen and contact the ABB Customer Technical Support
Hotline.

Host Adapter Error Screen

This screen appears if, during the self-test diagnostic, the controller will detect that a differential
RAID Module is cabled to a single-ended Host Adapter.

DIFF Bus Connected

To S.E. Bus

NOTE
All RDA units provided by ABB are single-ended SCSI bus adapters.

RAM Failure Screen

This screen is displayed if an RAID FFT-1 RAM failure is detected during self-test diagnostic.
Both drive LED indicators will alternately blink RED and GREEN.

TEST-01
RAM:0100 [ff]<>[a5]

The first line on the screen indicates which RAM test failed. There are 4 RAM Tests, identified
as TEST-01, TEST-02, TEST-03 or TEST-04.
The second line indicates where the RAM failure has occurred. This information can be used by
a technician to determine the cause of the problem.

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SCSI Interface Failure Screen

This screen is displayed if a register access failure occurs during an attempt to access one of the
SCSI Bus Interface Chips.

TEST-10
HA: 01 [ff]<>[a5]

The first line on the screen indicates which test failed. There are 3 SCSI Tests, identified as
TEST-10, TEST-20 or TEST-30. The second line shows which register access failed and how.

Interrupt Failure Screen

This screen is displayed if the diagnostic that checks the interrupt signals fails. The first line on
the screen indicates which test failed.

TEST-11
NO HA INTRPT RECEIVD

The second line indicates that the interrupt never occurred.

Hard Drive Absence

This screen is displayed if none of the hard disks could be accessed. The six drive indicator
LEDs will be off. The disk subsystem will not function under this condition. Make sure each of
the hard drives are properly inserted into the RDA unit and are powered ON. This condition can
also be caused by loose SCSI cables. Once you have corrected the situation, reboot the RAID
subsystem.

ECCS RAID Module

No hard drives

Hard Drive Mismatch Screen

This screen is displayed if there are any discrepancies (in hardware or firmware) between the
two hard drives installed in the RAID subsystem for mirroring. The subsystem will only work if
both drives are of the same type and capacity.

ECCS RAID Module

Hard Drive Mismatch

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Format Required Screen

This screen will appear if the subsystem hard drives have not been low-level formatted. Read
and write operations will be disallowed until the subsystem has received the FORMAT
command from the host computer. All drive status indicators will show RED.

ECCS RAID Module

Format Required

Under these circumstances, some computer systems will not boot-up or recognize the RAID
controller as a valid hard drive. Therefore, the RAID subsystem must be formatted before the
operating system is booted.

NOTE
All drives supplied from ABB, whether stand-alone or in a RAID subsystem,
have been pre-formatted.

2.4.1.3 Normal Operation Screen

This screen indicates normal operation for a selected rank. Both drives are on-line and the status
indicator LEDs for both drives are GREEN. The information following the 1> indicates the
status of drive 1. "ONLINE" indicates the drive is functioning normally. Likewise, the
information following the 2> indicates the status of drive 2.

1> Online IOPS

2> Online 74

Refer to Chapter 4 Operation, for more information during normal operation.

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Chapter 3 Configuration and Application Building

This chapter is not applicable.

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Section 4.1 Elements of RDA Unit

Chapter 4 Operation

4.1 Elements of RDA Unit

Since the RDA Unit is a hard disk subsystem, it requires very little day-to-day user interface.
However, a System Administrator should be familiar with the unit’s front panel and the various
messages that appear on the LCD window during initialization and in cases of detected failures
of the RDA unit, or of interconnected host equipment.
This chapter will describe some of the physical aspects of the RDA Unit and will give you an
understanding of the unit’s front panel.

4.1.1 Hard Drives

The RDA Unit is composed of three ranks (or pairs) of redundant hard disk units, each with its
own controller. Each pair of drives contains the same data in each block.
Each 3 1/2” hard disk unit is mounted in a removable frame that slides in and out of the RDA
Unit housing. When a disk unit is inserted, a thumb latch will “snap” into place. This locks the
unit in position and turns the power ON.

WARNING
When removing a disk unit from the RDA unit, depress the thumb latch, carefully
slide the unit partially out, and let the disk “wind down”. After the disk stops
spinning, the unit can be completely removed. Removing the disk unit in this
manner will help to prevent head crashes and crash-related disk failures.

4.1.2 The Front Panel

The front panel consists of a combination of buttons, status indicators, and a liquid crystal
display (LCD). The following figure is a depiction of the front panel.

REBUILD SELECT R DISK DRIVE STATUS POWER

A
1 2 1 2 1 2 1 2
N
K
RANK1 RANK2 RANK3

Rank Indicator LCD Window

Figure 4-1. RDA Front Panel

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4.1.2.1 Rebuild Button

When you press the REBUILD button, a rebuild signal is sent to each of the three controllers
that control the three ranks (pairs) of disk modules. The rebuild signal is accepted only by a
controller that has a failed disk (a red Rank light). The signal causes two functions to be
sequentially attempted:
• Reformatting of the failed disk.
• Copying of all the mirrored data from the good disk of the pair to the failed disk.
See Section 4.4, Rebuilding a Drive for more information on the rebuilding process.

WARNING
Rebuilding a drive will destroy all data on that drive.

4.1.2.2 Select Button

Press the SELECT button to choose a rank. The Rank digital indicator next to the SELECT
button displays the rank number that is chosen. Information relative to the currently selected
rank is shown in the LCD display window.

4.1.2.3 Rank Indicator

The Rank indicator displays a single digit (either a 1, 2, or 3) representing one of the three ranks
(pairs) of disks selected by pressing the SELECT button. When the digit is not blinking
(stable), the information shown in the LCD window to the right is associated with that rank.
When the digit is blinking, a change to a different rank is in progress.

4.1.2.4 Disk Drive Status Lights

The Disk Drive Status lights are tri-color lights that individually indicate the status of each of
the physical disk drives. For each drive, the light can be green, amber, red or off. The
interpretation is:
GREEN: Indicates the drive is in good operating condition and is working within established
parameters.
AMBER: Indicates that a transient state is in effect. This means the drive is in transition from a
failed state (RED) to a good operating state (GREEN), or from a failed state (RED) to another
failed state (RED). The LED will be amber during drive rebuilding.
RED: Indicates that the drive has failed.
OFF: Indicates that there are no drives installed in that rank slot.

4.1.2.5 The LCD Window

The 20 column by 2 line Liquid Crystal Display (LCD) provides vital information pertaining to
the operation of the drives. Each line in the display represents one of the paired disks in the rank
that has been selected by the SELECT button. For example, under normal operating conditions,
the window will display the word “Online” on both lines, indicating that the selected rank of

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disks is operating properly. To view the condition of another set of paired disks, the rank number
of that pair of disks must be selected by pressing the SELECT button.

NOTE
If there has been a failure in another rank, the window display will not change
until that rank has been selected by pressing the SELECT button.

In addition to status information regarding each drive, the number of I/O operations per second
is displayed on this screen. See Section 4.3, Operational LCD Displays for more detail
describing the information displayed on the screen and the operation status of the controller at
the time.

4.1.2.6 Power Lights

The Power Lights are green when the power supplies are operational.
A power light turns off when a power supply fails or is removed.

4.2 How to Use the Front Panel

The following is an example of how to use the Front Panel display:
1. Under normal operating conditions, the Rank indicator will be displaying one of the three
digits, 1, 2, or 3. The Display window will indicate “Online” for each of the physical disks
in the selected rank. The Disk Drive Status lights and the Power lights will all be green.
2. Suppose that the Disk Drive Status light number 2 in rank 3 turns red, indicating some type
of failure.
3. Press the SELECT button until the digit 3 is displayed in the Rank indicator. When the
digit stops blinking, the second line of the LCD window will indicate one of the error
conditions for drive 2.
4. (See Appendix B for an explanation of error codes).
5. At this point, you should press the REBUILD button in an effort to affect a software fix by
reformatting and copying all data from disk 1 to disk 2. In the interim, normal operation
continues. Rebuild takes approximately 30 minutes.

WARNING
Rebuilding a drive will destroy all data on that drive.

6. If step 4 is unsuccessful, and you have a spare drive, then you can replace the disk 2
module and perform another rebuild. Contact ABB Customer Support regarding the failed
drive.

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4.3 Operational LCD Displays

This section presents the screens that are displayed during steady state operation. Steady state
operation is the normal operating mode of the RDA unit during which media access I/O requests
are executed.

4.3.1 Normal Operation Screen

This screen indicates normal operation for a selected rank. Both drives are online and the status
indicator LEDs for both drives are GREEN. The information following the 1> indicates the
status of drive 1. "ONLINE" indicates the drive is functioning normally. Likewise, the
information following the 2> indicates the status of drive 2.

1> Online IOPS

2> Online 74

4.3.2 Formatting Screen

This screen indicates that the RDA unit is being formatted by the Advant Station. The "elapsed
time" indicates the length of time the drives have been formatting in hours:minutes. As a
reference, a 1 GB RDA unit takes about 30 minutes to format. While the drives are formatting,
their LEDs will be amber, and will flash alternately.

> Formatting...
Elapsed Time: 0:17

WARNING
Do not remove the drives, or interrupt a drive format or copy.

4.3.3 Steady State Operation Error Screens

This section presents error screens which may be displayed during the steady state operation.
Even though an error condition exists, the RAID subsystem will still be able to satisfy the I/O
request from the Advant Station.

4.3.3.1 Rebuild Required Screen

This screen indicates that drive 2 needs to be rebuilt. Only drive 1 is currently functioning. The
status indicator LED for drive 2 will be RED at this time. This screen will also appear if drive 2
has not been pre-formatted.

1> Online IOPS

2> Rebuild req 121

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4.3.3.2 Drive Missing Screen

This screen indicates drive 2 could not be located on the subsystem. Either the drive has
completely failed, or the drive has been disconnected for repairs. The status indicator LED for
drive 2 will be off.

1> Online IOPS

2> Not Found 91

4.3.3.3 Drive Failure Screen

This screen indicates drive 2 has failed during operation. Correction of this fatal error probably
requires replacement of the drive. The buzzer will sound every 10 minutes while the unit is in
this state. The status indicator LED for drive 2 will blink RED. For more information about the
meaning of the error codes, see Appendix B, "Drive Error Codes".

1> Online IOPS

2> Fail 051202 45

4.3.3.4 Hard Drive Too Small Screen

This screen is displayed if there is a size discrepancy between the two hard drives installed in
the RAID. The subsystem will only work if both drives are of the same size. The example below
indicates that the first drive’s capacity is insufficient.

1> Too Small IOPS

2> Online 157

4.3.3.5 Drive Mismatch Screen

This screen indicates that the drive inserted into slot 2 does not match the type of the drive in
slot 1.

1> Online IOPS

2> Mismatch 25

4.4 Rebuilding a Drive

When one of the disk drives in a rank fails, and that failed drive is replaced with a new drive,
you must “rebuild” the new drive so that it mirrors the data on the rank’s remaining operational
drive.
Drive rebuilding is a three-phase process. First, the new drive is initialized. The new drive is
then formatted identically to the operational drive. Lastly, the contents of the operational drive

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are copied onto the new drive. After this operation has been completed, the RDA unit’s rank will
be fully operational.
This section will guide you through the process of rebuilding a drive, starting from the failure of
the original disk and ending with a fully functional subsystem.

4.4.1 Disk Failure

When one of the hard drives in a rank fails, the corresponding status indicator will turn from
GREEN to blinking RED and the appropriate status line on the LCD will indicate a drive
failure. An audible alarm will sound every 10 minutes while the unit is in this state. The error
code displayed on the LCD can be used to determine the cause of the failure. This three part
error code is explained in Appendix B, "Drive Error Codes" of this manual. The screen will
appear as follows:

1> Online IOPS

2> Fail 041202 45

In this example, drive 2 has failed. The error code 041202 indicates a hardware failure has
occurred. In this case, you must call Customer Support for assistance.

NOTE
When a disk fails, write down all of the error information found on the LCD and
attempt to rebuild the disk. See the next section, “Drive Rebuilding”.

If the disk fails again, write down all of the new error information found on the LCD and contact ABB
Customer Support.
At this point, even with a failed drive, the disk subsystem will still operate. The Advant Station
continues to run properly since it can still access the other disk.
If the Advant Station is rebooted without the failed drive, the following screen will appear on
the LCD:

1> Online IOPS

2> Not Found 91

The screen indicates drive 2 has been disconnected from the system. The drive 2 status indicator
light will be OFF at this time.
Once the failed drive has been serviced or replaced, you are ready to rebuild the unit.

4.4.2 Drive Rebuilding

Press the REBUILD button on the front panel of the unit to start the reconstruction of the new
drive. The drive 2 status indicator light will turn from RED to AMBER to indicate the operation

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has started. The first phase in the rebuilding process is initialization of the drive. This verifies
that the drive is working correctly. The screen will appear as follows:

1> Online IOPS

2> Initializing 21

This screen indicates drive 2 is being re-initialized after a drive replacement or a hot-swap has
taken place.

NOTE
A hot-swap, in the context of a RAID subsystem, is defined as the removal and
replacement of one hard drive without taking the subsystem out of service.

4.4.2.1 Formatting
The next phase in the rebuilding process is formatting. The format of the operational drive will
be examined so the new drive can be formatted in exactly the same way. The LCD will look
like this:

1> Online IOPS

2> Formatting 18

WARNING
Do not remove the drives, or interrupt a drive format or copy.

This screen indicates drive 2 is being formatted. It takes place so as to guarantee the new drive
being rebuilt has the same physical format as the operational drive. While the drive is
formatting, its LED will be amber
The length of time required to format the new hard drive depends on the type and size of the
drive. The larger the capacity of the drive, the longer it will take. This phase usually does not
take more than an hour to complete. During the formatting phase, the performance of the
subsystem will not be affected because this operation does not interfere with the operational
drive.

4.4.2.2 Copying
After the formatting is completed, the copy phase begins; the contents of the operational drive
are copied onto the new drive, updating it. The status light for the drive that is copying will blink
AMBER. The LCD will reflect this as follows:

1> Online IOPS

2> Copying 23% 22

WARNING
Do not remove the drives, or interrupt a drive format or copy.

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This screen indicates the copying phase of the reconstruction process is taking place on drive 2.
The status indicator LED for drive 2 will blink AMBER. The percentage indicates that 23% of
the contents of the operational drive has been copied to the drive being rebuilt. When this
number reaches 100%, the drive being rebuilt will be placed back online.
During this part of the rebuilding operation, performance of the Advant Station will be
diminished slightly. This is due to the RAID controller satisfying requests from the host
computer while, at the same time, copying the contents of one drive to the other.
To help increase the performance of the Advant Station at this time, all I/O requests from the
host computer will be given highest priority while block copying commands will have the
lowest.
The amount of time required to complete the copying phase depends on the speed and capacity
of the hard drive and the number of I/O requests issued from the host computer during this time.
If no requests have been issued, rebuilding a 1 GB hard drive will take no more time than the
time it took to format the drive. When the copying phase finishes, the following screen will
appear:

1> Online IOPS

2> Copying Done 22

This screen briefly appears after all data has been copied from the operational drive to the new
drive. This indicates drive 2 is now consistent with the other drive and is back online. The status
indicator LED for drive 2 will change from AMBER to GREEN. This indicates the rebuild
operation was successful and the RDA unit subsystem will become fully operational. When this
occurs, both drives will be online as reflected by the status indicator LEDs (both GREEN) and
the following screen:

1> Online IOPS

2> Online 74

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Section 5.1 Electrostatic Discharge (ESD) Precautions

Chapter 5 Maintenance

5.1 Electrostatic Discharge (ESD) Precautions

Electrostatic discharge (ESD) can result from the buildup of static electricity on or around the
components you handle. You can even carry a charge on your body, and the discharge of this
energy through a component or your computer can cause damage to the system.

CAUTION
Observe the following precautions at all times during these removal and
replacements tasks to prevent damage to the system components from ESD:

1.Wear a grounded static strap on your wrist to ensure that any accumulated electrostatic
charge will be discharged from your body to ground.
2.Keep all uninsulated printed circuit boards/cards in their protective antistatic bags.
3.Handle all printed circuit boards/cards by their edges, once you have removed them
from their protective antistatic bags.

5.2 Corrective Maintenance Definition

This section provides instructions for locating and dealing with problems that may occur during
operation of the Redundant Disk Array with the Advant Station 500 series workstation.
The Advant Station provides the following resources to facilitate detecting faults in your
equipment:
• front panel LED’s
• power on self test
• boot administration commands
• system acceptance test.
Please refer to the Advant Station 515 Hardware User’s Guide or the Advant Station 520i
Hardware User’s Guide for details on maintenance procedures.
The Redundant Disk Array provides start-up and operational information on the front panel of
the unit. Please refer to Chapter 2 Installation, and Chapter 4 Operation, for details of the
information provided by the indicators and LCD display of the front panel.

5.3 Managing Your RAID Module

The Redundant Disk Array supports the hard drive command set for the operating system you
are running on your Advant Station. Formatting and partitioning procedures, for example, are

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Redundant Disk Array User’s Guide
Chapter 5 Maintenance

no different for the RDA unit than for a standard hard drive. Therefore, any application or
administrative procedure can access the information stored on an RDA unit in a transparent
manner.

5.3.1 Disk Drive Replacement

If a drive of a rank pair fails and cannot be restored to operation using the rebuild procedure, it
must be replaced with a spare MP523 hard drive assembly.
To replace a drive assembly:
1. Open the front door of the frame by releasing the fasteners and swinging the door
downward. Each 3 1/2” hard disk unit is mounted in a removable frame that slides in and
out of the RDA Unit housing.
2. Determine which drive unit has failed by checking the LCD display and the status LEDs of
the front panel. The status LED of the failed drive will be RED and the LCD display will
indicate a drive failure on the selected rank.
3. To remove a disk unit from the RDA unit, depress the thumb latch, carefully slide the unit
partially out, stop and let the disk “wind down”. After the disk stops spinning, the unit can
be completely removed. Removing the disk unit in this manner will help to prevent head
crashes and crash-related disk failures.
4. Insert the spare disk module into the same slot, being careful that the connectors are
properly and securely mated at the rear of the frame. Notice that the module’s latch is
thumb-operated. When a disk unit is inserted, the thumb latch will “snap” into place. This
locks the unit in position and turns the drive’s power on.

NOTE
When a disk module is inserted under “hot” (power-on) conditions, the green
Access LED will light, indicating that proper insertion has been accomplished.

5. Check the status LEDs and the LCD display. The status LED of the replacement drive
should illuminate RED and the LCD display should show "Rebuild req".
6. Press the REBUILD button to start the rebuilding operation. Refer to Section 4.4
Rebuilding a Drive for more information.

5.3.2 Power Supply Replacement

The redundant power supply units are located at the rear of the cabinet. Rear access is required
to remove these units.
The front panel Power indicators show the status of the power supplies. If either of the
indicators is not illuminated, then that power supply is not functioning properly.
The power supplies can be replaced with power on or off to the RDA unit, with no interruption
of operation.
To replace a power supply:

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Section 5.3.2 Power Supply Replacement

1. To locate the defective power supply at the back of the RDA unit. Look for the Power On
LED that is not illuminated. That indicates that the supply is not operating correctly.
2. To remove the power supply, loosen the three attaching screws by turning them 1/4 turn
counter-clockwise. Grasp the handle and pull back. The power supply can now be slide out
of the cabinet.
3. On the replacement supply, check the Voltage Selector Switch. It must be set to the same
position as the unit removed.
4. Place the unit in the guides and slide it toward the front of the cabinet. When it is near the
back of the cabinet push it firmly into the RDA unit. The Power On LED should now
illuminate.
5. Tighten the three attaching screws by turing each 1/4 turn clockwise. Replacement is now
complete.
There are no voltage adjustments of the power supplies. Return a defective power supply for
repair to ABB Service centers. Figure 5-1 shows the location of the Power On LED, Voltage
Selector Switch and the attaching screws of the power supply unit.

Power On
LED

115

Voltage Selector
Switch

Handle Attaching Screw (3)

Figure 5-1. Power Supply Unit

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 Redundant Disk Array User’s Guide
Section A.1 Redundant Disk Array MP521 and MP522

Appendix A Specifications

A.1 Redundant Disk Array MP521 and MP522

The MP521 nd MP522 Redundant Disk Array units are identical except for cabinet mountings
or as noted in table. The RDA units are intended for control room environments only.

Table A-1. RDA MP521 and MP522 Specifications

Characteristic Data
OPERATING CHARACTERISTICS
Drive set usable storage capacity 1.0 or 2.0 GBytes (each
drive set)
Total usable capacity 6.0 GBytes
Drive capacity 6 (3 sets)
RAID level 1
Drive form factor 3.5 inch

PERFORMANCE (Disk Drive, Segate ST11200N)

SCSI Protocol, interface SCSI-2, single-ended
Transfer rate (MB/sec) 2.4 - 4.9
Average seek time (ms) <10.5
Average latency (ms) 5.6
Spindle speed (rpm) 5,400
MTBF (hours) 300,000
MTTR (minutes) 5

POWER REGUIREMENTS
Voltage (ac) (switch select) 115/230
Frequency (Hz) 47 - 63
Current draw (Amps) 3.0 max.
Power output (watts) 200(1)

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Appendix A Specifications

Table A-1. RDA MP521 and MP522 Specifications

Characteristic Data

ENVIRONMENTAL SPECIFICATIONS(2)
Operating temperature range (°C) 5 - 45
Non-operating temperature range (°C) -40 - 70
Operating relative humidity 10% to 90% non-condensing
Cooling (#Fans-Avg. cfm/fan) 3-50

PHYSICAL CHARACTERISTICS
Height 222 mm (8.75 inches)
Width 482 mm (19.00 inches)
Depth 559 mm (22.00 inches)
Weight 29 kg (64 lbs)
Mounting MP521 482 mm(19") EIA Standard
Mounting MP522 Table top

APPROVALS
Regulatory approvals UL, FCC, TUV, CSA
(1) With one (1) rank installed. Each additional rank (2 drives) adds 18 watts.
(2) Intended for control room environments.

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Appendix B Error and Sense Codes

B.1 Drive Error Codes

This appendix is provided to explain the meaning of the error codes that may be displayed by
the RAID controller in the LCD window during drive failure.
An error code consists of six hexadecimal numbers which are logically divided into three sets of
two numbers each. These three sets are known as the sense key code, additional sense code, and
additional sense code qualifier, respectively.

NOTE
Error codes can originate from two sources; the RAID controller or the hard
drive. The error codes listed here are returned by the RAID controller only, not by
the hard drive. If the drive fails and the error code displayed is not found here, the
code originated from the hard drive.

Contact the ABB Customer Technical Support Hotline.

B.2 Sense Key Code

The sense key code determines the type of error that has occurred whether it be a hardware
failure, such as the servo mechanism, or a media error, such as a bad block. The following table
describes the meaning of each possible sense key code. The only non-standard sense key code
listed here is 0f which is reserved for use by the RAID controller.

Table B-1. Sense Key Codes

Code Error Detail

00 No Sense No specific error has occurred. This is
returned if error information is requested
and no error has occurred.
01 Recovered Error The last command issued was completed
successfully, but some error recovery action
was required on the part of the disk
controller. This error most likely indicates
that a soft error has occurred. This means
that the data read from the disk contained
some errors which were corrected by the
controllers using ECC. This block is a
candidate for remapping because
sometime in the future this block may fail
completely.

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Appendix B Error and Sense Codes

Table B-1. Sense Key Codes

Code Error Detail

02 Not Ready The drive is not ready for media access
commands. Examine the additional sense
code and additional sense code qualifiers
to find out why the drive is not ready.
03 Medium Error A media error has occurred. This is a non-
recoverable error. The controller attempted
to correct the data using ECC but the
damage was too severe.
04 Hardware Error Indicates a hardware failure has occurred.
To find out exactly what has failed, it is
important to examine the other two sets of
numbers. This usually means that the drive
requires replacement.
05 Illegal Request Indicates there was an illegal parameter in
the command issued to the drive or in the
additional data supplied with the command.
06 Unit Attention Indicates the drive may have been reset or
removed and replaced in the RAID
subsystem.
07 Data Protect An I/O request to write data to the drive was
rejected because the media was write
protected. The write protect jumper on the
hard drives should be disabled.
08 Reserved This code is not used by direct access
devices such as hard drives.
09 Vendor Unique This code is unique for each manufacturer.
To find out exactly what this code indicates,
the OEM manual for the hard drive must be
examined.
0a Copy/Compare A COPY or COMPARE command was
Aborted aborted because an error was detected on
the source or destination device. Neither
the COPY nor COMPARE SCSI commands
are supported by this RAID controller.
0b Aborted Indicates the controller has aborted an I/O
Command request because of some internal error.
0c Reserved This code is not used by direct access
devices such as hard drives.

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Section B.3 Additional Sense Code

Table B-1. Sense Key Codes

Code Error Detail

0d Reserved This code is not used by direct access
devices such as hard drives.
0e Miscompare Used by the VERIFY and READ DATA
BUFFER commands to indicate that the
source data did not match the data read
from the disk.
0f Reserved This code is not used by direct access
RAID Special devices such as hard drives. However, this
code is used by the RAID Module for
internal error reporting purposes. If this
appears on the LCD, then the error
condition was detected by RAID controller
and not by the hard drive.

B.3 Additional Sense Code

The additional sense code provides further information regarding the error. For instance, this
can identify exactly which hardware mechanism failed.

B.3.1 Firmware Origination Code

If the sense key code has a value of 0f, then the additional sense code represents the firmware
origination code. This code identifies which target module and logical routine detected the
error condition. The following table describes the meaning of each possible firmware
origination code.

Table B-2. Firmware Origination Codes

Code Firmware Detail

00 Target SCSI WD33C93 initialization code. Waiting for
Driver chip to become ready to be RESET
01 Target SCSI WD33C93 initialization code. Indicates
Driver time-out occurred waiting for RESET
interrupt to occur.
02 Target SCSI Selection command failed attempting to
Driver issue a command to a target hard drive.
03 Target SCSI Selection command secondary failed
Driver attempting to issue a command to a target
hard drive.

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Appendix B Error and Sense Codes

Table B-2. Firmware Origination Codes

Code Firmware Detail

04 Target SCSI Selection command returned, unexpected
Driver SCSI Bus phase has occurred.
05 Target SCSI Unexpected SCSI Bus phase has occurred
Driver after IDENTIFY message has been sent.
06 Target SCSI Reselection time-out has occurred. Drive
Driver attempted to RESELECT but did not
respond to the controller’s
acknowledgment.
07 Target SCSI Programmed I/O data transfer to the hard
Driver drive did not complete within the allotted
time limit.
08 Target SCSI SCSI Bus error occurred after PIO data
Driver transfer.
09 Target SCSI Programmed I/O padding function timed
Driver out.
0a Target SCSI SCSI Bus error occurred after PIO pad.
Driver
0b Target SCSI Programmed I/O data transfer from the
Driver hard drive did not complete within the
allotted time limit.
0c Target SCSI SCSI Bus error occurred after PIO data
Driver transfer
0d Target SCSI Programmed I/O read padding function
Driver timed out.
0e Target SCSI SCSI Bus error occurred after PIO read
Driver pad.
0f Target SCSI RAID controller timed out waiting for status
Driver from the last command to be sent
10 Target SCSI Unexpected SCSI Bus phase has occurred.
Driver
11 Target SCSI Unexpected SCSI Bus phase has occurred.
Driver
12 Target SCSI Unexpected SCSI Bus phase has occurred.
Driver
13 Target SCSI Issuing command to hard drive time out.
Driver

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Section B.3.1 Firmware Origination Code

Table B-2. Firmware Origination Codes

Code Firmware Detail

14 Target SCSI SCSI Bus error occurred after command
Driver was issued.
15 Target SCSI Time-out occurred waiting for IDENTIFY
Message message to be sent to the hard drive. ATN
Handler asserted after message sent. Expected to
send SYNCHRONOUS DATA TRANSFER
REQUEST next.
16 Target SCSI Time-out occurred waiting for IDENTIFY
Message message to be sent to the hard drive. ATN
Handler asserted after message sent. Expecting
CDB next
17 Target SCSI Time-out occurred waiting for message to
Message be sent to hard drive. This is used
Handler whenever any message other than an
IDENTIFY message is to be sent such as
the SYNCHRONOUS DATA TRANSFER
REQUEST.
18 Target SCSI Time-out occurred waiting for a message
Message from the hard drive.
Handler
19 Target SCSI Time-out occurred waiting for an ATN to be
Message asserted.
Handler
1a Target SCSI Time-out occurred waiting for an ACK to be
Message de-asserted.
Handler
20 Tasks Time-out occurred waiting for drive to enter
STATUS phase.
21 Tasks Time-out occurred waiting for drive to finish
writing buffer to media.
30 Data Flow Time-out occurred waiting for a DMA data
Switch Manager transfer from the Host computer to both
hard drives to complete.
31 Data Flow Host SCSI chip timed out during DMA
Switch Manager transfer.
32 Data Flow Target SCSI chip timed out during a DMA
Switch Manager data transfer.

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Appendix B Error and Sense Codes

Table B-2. Firmware Origination Codes

Code Firmware Detail

33 Data Flow Time-out occurred waiting for next SCSI
Switch Manager phase to occur after a DMA data transfer
has completed.
34 Data Flow Target SCSI chip timed out during a DMA
Switch Manager data transfer.
35 Data Flow Host SCSI chip timed out during DMA
Switch Manager transfer.
36 Data Flow Host SCSI chip timed out during DMA
Switch Manager transfer.
37 Data Flow Target SCSI chip timed out during a DMA
Switch Manager data transfer.
38 Data Flow Time-out occurred waiting for next SCSI
Switch Manager phase to occur after a DMA data transfer
has completed.
39 Data Flow Target SCSI chip timed out during a DMA
Switch Manager data transfer.
3a Data Flow Host SCSI chip timed out during DMA
Switch Manager transfer.
3b Data Flow Time-out occurred waiting for next SCSI
Switch Manager phase to occur after a DMA data transfer
has completed.
40 Error Handler SCSI Protocol error has occurred.
50 Drive Format operation timed out. A drive is
Reconstruction allowed two hours in which to format.
Failure to format within this time period will
result in this error.
70 Target SCSI Time-out occurred waiting for a PIO I/O
Driver Manager request to be issued to the hard drives.
71 Target SCSI Unexpected SCSI Bus phase has occurred.
Driver Manager DATA IN or DATA OUT was expected.
72 Target SCSI Time-out occurred waiting for a DMA I/O
Driver Manager request to be issued to the hard drives.
73 Target SCSI Unexpected SCSI Bus phase has occurred.
Driver Manager DATA IN or DATA OUT was expected.
74 Target SCSI Unexpected SCSI Bus phase has occurred.
Driver Manager DATA IN or DATA OUT was expected.

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Section B.4 Additional Sense Code Qualifier

B.4 Additional Sense Code Qualifier

The additional sense code qualifier provides even more detailed information about the error.

B.4.1 WD33C93A SCSI Interface Chip Status Code

If the sense key code has a value of 0f, then the additional sense code qualifiers represent the
WD33C93A SCSI Bus Interface Chip status codes.

Table B-3. WD33C93A SCSI Interface Chip Status Codes

Code Detail
00 This code indicates that the WD33C93 SCSI Bus
Interface chip was reset. This can happen as a result of
an extremely high level of bus noise usually associated
with the absence of terminators. ElectroStatic
Discharge (ESD) can also cause this error to occur.
18, 28 An unexpected DATA OUT phase has occurred.
48, 88
19, 29 An unexpected DATA IN phase has occurred.
49, 89
1a, 2a An unexpected COMMAND phase has occurred.
4a, 8a
1b, 2b An unexpected STATUS phase has occurred.
4b, 8b
1c, 2c An unexpected unspecified information out phase has
4c, 8c occurred.
1d, 2d An unexpected unspecified information in phase has
4d, 8d occurred.
1e, 2e An unexpected MESSAGE OUT phase has occurred.
4e, 8e
1f, 2f An unexpected MESSAGE IN phase has occurred.
4f, 8f
22 Current command was aborted.
25 A data transfer was aborted due to the possibility of
corrupt data.
40 The SCSI Bus is in such a state that commands issued
to the WD33C93 are rejected.

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Appendix B Error and Sense Codes

Table B-3. WD33C93A SCSI Interface Chip Status Codes

Code Detail
41 The hard drive disconnected from the bus (went to a
BUS FREE phase) during an I/O request at an
inappropriate time. This could indicate that the
connection between the RAID controller and the hard
drive has severed or the power supply to that drive
failed.
42 Indicates that the RAID controller attempted to SELECT
the hard drive to begin an I/O request but was not
successful. This can also indicate that the SCSI
connection was either severed or the power supply to
that drive failed.
43 A SCSI parity error was detected.
44 A SCSI parity error was detected.
46 Unknown SCSI device has SELECTED the RAID
controller on the Target SCSI Bus.
47 A SCSI parity error was detected during a STATUS
phase.
85 Indicates that the hard drive controller went to a BUS
FREE phase unexpectedly. This usually means that the
drive’s power supply failed or the drive controller has
crashed and has released all SCSI Bus lines.

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Appendix C Controller Codes

C.1 Controller Error Codes

This appendix lists the possible sense key/additional sense code/additional sense code qualifier
values returned by the RAID controller. Some commands issued to the RAID controller are
executed by the controller and not by the hard drive. In these cases, if an error occurs, the RAID
controller will generate the contingent allegiance condition. Sense data is generated by the
controller and returned to the initiator in response to the Request Sense command. In other
cases, the RAID controller checks the arguments of the received CDBs and rejects them if
necessary. Again, the sense data is generated by the RAID controller and not by the hard drives
The error codes listed here have the following format: sense key-additional sense code-
additional sense code qualifier.

Table C-1. Controller Error Codes

Error
Detail
Code

02-04-00 Drive is not ready, cause is not reportable.

02-04-01 Drive is not ready, but it is in the process of

becoming ready.

02-04-04 Drive is not ready, format is in progress.

04-43-00 Message error detected.

04-44-00 Internal Hardware or Drive Protocol error.

04-47-00 SCSI Parity error detected.

04-49-00 Invalid message error.

05-04-04 Illegal Request, format is in progress.

05-20-00 Invalid command operation code.

05-21-00 Logical Block address out of range.

05-24-00 Invalid field in CDB.

05-25-00 Logical Unit not supported.

06-00-00 Unit Attention, drive taken off-line and

replaced with another.

06-29-00 Unit Attention caused by a Power ON,

SCSI Bus Reset, or a BUS DEVICE
RESET message.

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Redundant Disk Array User’s Guide
Appendix C Controller Codes

If an error code is returned that is not listed here, the code originated from one of the hard
drives. Examine the hard drive’s respective Original Equipment Manufacturer (OEM) Technical
Reference Manual for more information.

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Appendix D Glossary

assert
A signal driven to a true state.
bit
A binary digit.
byte
Eight consecutive binary digits.
C/D
Control/Data signal.
failed drive
This indicates that the hard drive is no longer functioning. The RAID controller does not recognize this drive as sane and
will no longer attempt to access it.
fully operational
This condition indicates that both drives are on-line.
glue logic
Logic whose purpose is to interface the major logic blocks to each other.
Host SCSI Bus
The SCSI Bus that connects the RAID controller to the host computer.
initiator
A host computer system that requests an operation to be performed by a target.
negate
A signal driven to a false state.
new drive
This indicates that a particular hard drive residing in the subsystem was just installed. The drive is operational but is not up-
to-date with respect to the sane drive. The drive must be reconstructed before it can be considered in a sane state.
2
non-waiting write
The write request is accepted by the controller without waiting for the write operation to the disk to be completed.
plug-and-play
A term used to describe the ease with which a SCSI device can be connected to a computer system and be made to work.

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Redundant Disk Array User’s Guide
Appendix D Glossary

rank
A pair of disk drive modules.
sane or sanity
This condition is used in referring to a hard drive in the subsystem. A hard drive that contains the most up-to-date
information is considered sane. If both hard drives contain the same information, both hard drives are considered sane.
SCSI ID
The bit-significant representation of the device’s SCSI address, ranging from 0 to 7.
steady state
Indicates that the RAID controller is in such a state that it can service SCSI I/O requests from an initiator.
toggle
To switch back and forth between options.

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 Redundant Disk Array
Index

INDEX
A Environmental Specifications A-2
ANSI 1-4
Abbreviations 1-4 F
Acronyms 1-4 FFT 1-5
Additional Sense Code B-3 Fault Detecting Facility
Additional Sense Code Qualifier B-7 Boot Administration Commands 5-1
Approvals A-2 Front Panel LEDs 5-1
Assembly 2-6 Power On Self Test 5-1
Audible alarm 1-6, 4-6 System Acceptance Test 5-1
Feature Fault Tolerance (FFT) 1-5
B Firmware Origination Code B-3
Beeper, see audible alarm 1-6 Format Required Screen 2-20
Button Formatting 2-17, 4-7
Rebuild 4-2 Formatting Screen 4-4
Buttons Front Panel 4-1
Select 4-2 Front Panel, how to use the, 4-3

C G
Connecting to the Computer 2-7 GB 1-4
Controller Error Codes C-1 Glossary D-1
Copying 4-7 Guidelines
Power Connection 2-11
D
Disk H
failure 4-6 Hard Drive Absence 2-19
mirroring 1-5 Hard Drive Mismatch Screen 2-19
redundancy 1-5 Hard Drives 4-1
subsystem 1-5 Host Adapter Error Screen 2-18
Disk Drive Replacement 5-2 Hot-Swapping 1-6
Disk Drive Status Lights 4-2 Hz 1-4
Disks
Redundant Array of 1-5 I
Drive I/O 1-4
Characteristic Screen 2-18 IOPS 1-4
Failure Screen 4-5 Identification Screen 2-17
Mismatch Screen 4-5 Information Screens 2-17
Missing Screen 4-5 Initialization Error Screens 2-18
Drive Error Codes B-1 Initialization Screens 2-17
Drive Rebuilding 4-6 Interrupt Failure Screen 2-19
Drive Too Small Screen 4-5
K
E KB 1-4
ECC 1-4
ESD L
Electrostatic Discharge 2-1, 5-1 LCD 1-4, 4-1
Electrostatic Discharge (ESD) Precautions 2-1, 5-1 LCD Window 4-2

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Redundant Disk Array
Index

LED 1-4 Drive Failure 4-5

LUN 1-4 Drive Mismatch 4-5
Lights Drive Missing 4-5
Disk Drive Status 4-2 Drive Too Small 4-5
Power 4-3 Format Required 2-20
Formatting 4-4
M Hard Drive Absence 2-19
MB 1-4 Hard Drive Mismatch 2-19
MSG 1-5 Host Adapter Error 2-18
MTTR 1-5 Identification 2-17
Managing Your RAID Module 5-1 Information 2-17
Initialization 2-17, 2-18
N Interrupt Failure 2-19
Normal Operation Screen 2-20, 4-4 Normal Operation 2-20, 4-4
RAM Failure 2-18
Rebuild Required 4-4
O
SCSI Chip Failure 2-19
Operating Characteristics A-1
Self-Test 2-17
Status 2-17
P Steady State Operation Error 4-4
Performance A-1 Select Button 4-2
Physical Characteristics A-2 Self-Test Screen 2-17
Power Connection Sense Key Code B-1
Guidelines 2-11 Space
Power Lights 4-3 Site Selection
Power Requirements A-1
Space Consideration
Power Supply Replacement 5-2
Powering Up the System 2-16 RDA Unit 2-2
Protocol Specifications A-1
SCSI-II 1-6 Status Screens 2-17
Steady State Operation Error Screens 4-4
Switches
R
Input Voltage Selector 2-9
RAID 1-5
SCSI Selector 2-9
RAID1 technology 1-5
RAM 1-5
RAM Failure Screen 2-18 T
Rank Indicator 4-2 Termination 2-4
Rebuild Button 4-2 SCSI 2-4
Rebuild Required Screen 4-4 Transparent Mirroring 1-5
Rebuilding 1-6 Type Designation
Redundant Array of Inexpensive Disks 1-5 Cable
TK543V015 2-15
S TK548V020 2-15
SCSI 1-5 TK554V003 2-15
SCSI Chip Failure Screen 2-19 Mass Storage System (External)
SCSI Interface 1-6 MP521 2-5
SCSI Selector Switch 2-9 MP522 2-5
Screens Power Distribution Unit
Drive Characteristic 2-18
SX520 1-8

ii 3BUR 000 569R0101

 Redundant Disk Array
Index

V
Voltage Selector Switch
Input Range 2-9
Setting 5-3

W
WD33C93A SCSI Interface Chip Status Code B-7
Window
LCD 4-2

Z
ms 1-5
range 2-9
xxh 1-5

3BUR 000 569R0101 iii

Redundant Disk Array
Index

iv 3BUR 000 569R0101

3BUR 000 569R0101
April 1994