PG/S-1/MATH-704C/22 MA/M.Sc (1st Semester) Exam., 2022 ( Held in 2023 ) MATHEMATICS Paper : MATH-704C ( Ordinary Differential Equations ) Full Marks : 70 Time : 3 hours The figures in the margin indicate full marks for the questions Use separate Answer Scripts for First Half and Second Half Symbols used here have their usual meanings FIRST HALF ( Marks : 35 ) Answer Question No. 1 and any three from the rest 1. Answer the following questions : 1x5=5 (a) State Arzela-Ascoli theorem. (b) What is Lipschitz condition? M23/644 : ( Turn Over )(co) If ag #0 0n (Xo, Yo), then show that f is y Lipschitz with respect to y in a neighbourhood of (x9, Yo). (@) What is an irregular singular point? (e) Compute the Wronskian W(cos2x, sin2x) 2. (a) Solve dy 2 -2x(1-y), yO) =2 ax 2x0 -¥) YO) by using the method of successive approximation. (b) State and prove Picard-Lindel6f theorem. 5+5=10 3. Derive the method of variation of parameters to nth order linear differential equation. Hence solve : 5+2+3=10 ) y”-¥= @ y et (i) x3y” +x?y” -2xy’ +2xy = xlogx, x>0 4. (a) Show that the set of solutions of an nth order differential equation is a vector space over R of dimension n. M23/644 ( Continued )(3) (b) Solve (l= x?)y” -2xy’ +n(n+]y =0 by power series method. 5+5=10 5. Find the Green’s function for— f) y” +y=2x, yO) =0, y’)=0; (ii) x?y” +2xy'-m?y = x, yO) =0, yl) =0; and hence obtain these two solutions. 5+5=10 6. (a) Verify the self-adjoint property of the Sturm Liouville equation with homo- genous boundary conditions. (b) Find the eigenvalues and eigenvectors of y” +3y’+2y+Ay=0 with boundary conditions, y(0)=0, yl) = 0. 5+5=10 SECOND HALF ( Marks : 35 ) Answer Question No. 7 and any three from the rest 7. Answer the following questions : 1x5=5 (a) State the continuity theorem for ODE. (b) Define homogeneous and non-homo- genous linear systems. M23/644 ( Turn Over )() (a) (e) (4) Define isolated critical point. Determine if x? -xy-y? is a positive definite-negative definite function or neither, When is a function said to be Liapunov function? 8. Prove that if X(x, t) has a continuous partial derivative on a bounded closed convex domain D, then it satisfies a Lipschitz 10. (a) condition in R?. 10 9. Describe Volterra’s prey-predotor equation with an example. Hence solve it. 10 Define stable and unstable critical points. (b) (i) Find critical points. (i) Find general solution. (iii) Find differential equation of path. (iv) Solve the equation of path. (v) Sketch a few of the path. (vi) Discuss the stability of the critical path ay, We ava? (2+2)+6=10 ( Continued ) M23/644(5) 11. State and prove the uniqueness theorem. 10 12. Consider the equation of motion of a mass m attached to a spring md?x + c& +Kx=0 dt? at Convert it into a corresponding autonomous system. Find the total energy of the system. Test if the Liapunov function (total energy) is stable or not. Find the critical point whether it is stable. 2+3+3+2=10 kkk M23—130/644 PG/S-1/MATH-704C/22