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Unit 1 - Introduction To Electrical Enginebering (EEE)

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0% found this document useful (0 votes)
92 views81 pages

Unit 1 - Introduction To Electrical Enginebering (EEE)

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Date .... “HE Topuaduction: > to she “anodenn world electalcal engineering fs. an isc iplis inesnfo (f panntop — @ wide yang of ~ fields facluclit computer enginesrfoo powen engineering , co municatfoms ,@ ven mi-jentats and mec her ical cfences- @ Sumananise ele cfrical engineoing foto Ps mnaro _Catesories + wt — The! produc Hon pf electrical enerey: > The __ransmlsion of elecspicod envehey- = The applicatfen of electrice? enenty. = The comnts) of electrical onenay! (% Urhe} does fc electtcal cysfem COnsdituze of? 4 basic. electrical sy Stem has foun nons}ifer te pots: y Tab Spunce? The _-firne-ion of fhe _sieunce fs _ to vide the en: rt CctrPcok SYS fern. Ex» bate ox a genensior ett. b~, ft) The load? The -functfon of qhe load fs -oab ‘orb the n up plied by phe source. &. lampc heaters ede. 42 nsmissi 2 fs co. s en -from -[he_seunce to jhe (oad: Ee. fosulate cotre {v) the con-trol appari: Tis -furction fs 10 ¢ontrel- the vol bage umeal or power Ex: suot{ch- Sparat i> EPxibility ef voltage clep-up aad cted- devon facili fating asiert! high vollese chansmisston. Y 8. 1Shy i's Afgh he ten -fox transmission? i= for" @ afte ed I paver ting fepping up of olpg ° nda => And low curnmen# fran emission = weducect Pow and _thorefose (ov voldeze chsops + ‘osse C > ro) uppl > Battentes (Li-fon, (ead acl ete —> Fuet cell = Grenenayors (DC) tf AC powen sources : = Pangrawnable Ac Supply Ac “vollage. s babilizeng mn Louency Corven tens — Ge Dénadenrs [ACY (3 Define the Standond heure hold power piflety cpect- " Lication in dams of voldoge and fréoueney ra Jodie and US4: Vg i ia 1> India = "220-9 g0v (Single phase), 5D Hz openafien Sr) bsA =_O- 120v (Single phase) , Go Hz Opus tion & Define the genenak wanemsion voldase levels uxed in lia. Y i> In Indie the generated voltage levels @ne |/kKv& Saw . g g Spiral => Fox power srangmission, 220 kV, 400 kV.and Dee ky ere tu piced(y mired: = The thavtruys loge @) which AC peurex fs avo jag 2} us 1——-f x ed fn in, fs WES KV: , y U _ Date ... L , } r ySitsheneven enengy is oegurred on lenge scale, Ft y—— $s jentoaly mo ubfliced fn fy: ortatnal form rather it Vio ic tool - Why ? onvented fnto the eleciitcal ener > volfate (PV) anna: lan [f into Ole cyrfcitys — Wind junbines converts rwoind fnto Qlectfci ty: <> Thermo pewer plants converts Chemical enengy of fossil fuel io}po le ctrtctty. t ven+a: i electn, rn > — “Can 6 fl a mM one place othi fn _an_ efficfent yemner: —_ Flow, an be conteolle rrecfest n: e-fficfent* — Can 2 conyenfed fo then forms pf energy threugh utfable equipment. Disadvi vin degen of energy 2p electrical eferrgs Tp has I he alias denteved cfram some often Seunce rz eneney as Vee i no} ave lable direct(y. = T+ can't be “Gored on lange State » therefore th mmust be ai nerated a8 ~ ne guivement+ Date .... »Vollage ounce ~> Battery, Ac hive Cronena jor 7 Component Cunnent Sounce — BIT, Solan Electafcal fa Componenjs 2 Rests to |J—______ Pacsfve _ << nduce Cornponen}s Ca pacttor Tra ns(ov mer = BIT is a cunnent Operated device. — Ve fe ane move Prominent fa nejure_ nanan jhan Ccument seurce « => Inductance & Capacifance one eneroy forage Lleme ofs- N | sé Chanee (8) e fi pak TOPE e fc fe of hich ma fier conshsts, measured 79 ceulombs (Cc). © the mos} baste _quangtiy in an elec frie cixcul} electsfe change. Lcoulomh = 6.24 %10'® gleetrons The law of consesvation of change clajes phat hange Can nelthen he created nov destroyed, only trans fenned> H Cunne ot (7) ‘ £ Flectric Cumen| Is the time naje of change of change Measured (nN arnperes (A)+ Tp Sia Fran ime £ > {tral foe Spural as = (tat bo 1 Ampue = J Coulomb /Secord € as Date .. Floctste cunnent due -fo flour elec bron fe fy Chappe fO_@ conductor © Current flow -fuom posf{tve fo nega} fve but {he 2lec Fong mpve fn jhe opposie divectfon- Te wey iy Divect} Cumen} + 4. dec} Cunnent (Dc) flows ply 70 s One dfyecHon and can he Cons leat 4 Ox _-l?me _vauny?ng « ud _> t i) Alieonaling Cuments An_alfeme ting cument (Ae) fs a e Nl Cumnent that changes dfrectPen uotth respect o™ time. ot Vol-toge’ The voltage Van betwoeen fo pots a fn _an ele frcute f. 2 ene ' meeded --o rove @ unit change fiom b tog. lay = GS dvolt = 1 jeule [coulomb oT = _J newton- meter /esulombe Strat 8 28 - poe ‘Yab Mer = = Vina | av |_=av a0 ac <=ob eres Lees | Polanfty of vol fag, F.00 eeutiva lent Tepresenjations of tre Yvan 9 ame VOliege Van! lo) Point a fs GV above point b: Wb) Pofot_b fs -QV above potnte x Malisge lox _pojential diffrence) fs jhe _eneroy neautred +o move A inte chor from a nefertnce paint (-)_ fo another point (*) , measuned fn Obs (W)- 2 Rowen (P) 1® Power fs the Hime mafe of expending ov @bsox hing Pnenay Meoswned in (watts (U9). Pz dO - dodge - Vie ot ae St 4 ® the mower P is a +ime- Vanying quantity and ts Called the fn danjenpus pew er tt Energy lw) s. Eneniy fs the Capacity -to do werk , measured to jes Ee @ The enengy ahsor hed or upplied by ap element fiom fine in to + < Cran = (Vide te —_—t 1Wh = 36007 2 fe seul. = feeut} fe nderconnec tt fe Clements for pansfeving electrical sfenad ‘or power from one _poin}, 40 oho). NV => The foderconnection pf {x00 ps xmore _cfmple_cfreuft Clements forms lan elecdaie circutts Tf _4he nejmrk conjeins 2} least one ¢loced Petri (6 alco an electric chreuits x Every Cixcuit fs @ melwork, but not abl Detonrks ane circulte. Foscut en Electitcal Circuit Elements [ f Linea Non- Linea | Unilateral Bilapenal Active [Passive Linean Elements Alon=Linean Elements © An electric element with |*® All element ohRh gene A_lfnean nelatinnshipe not linear. be fuer Cunnent and voltage tO _______ © Does wot obeys tho pritet, e Oheys the principle of the| Of the homngenelty property home genctiy_propentyand “and jhe cadttally prope Livt £4 dh add ifirity property. @¢.9 Diode , Transistor, ofc Staal wang Restor, Copedonindsta tw) 5 | Gnear —— Yu Clements THEN kXW) 5 | Linear Crreeit s y Elements | Kv tes eo stivf. TE - ~ tANDIE X(t) 3 |Linean Cheuit/]—4 Yidd x ey 3 [Uncen Crore] Terments v Elemente pO THEN 2) +X) —3 [nen Crea Yed# Yo [Elements | va v Nec hanactentiffcs —— —= € ? OF (Frean Flemeny Vv pa: 5 = N-T_ chanac lent s4ic 7 | of Non-linear Element. I Ae slope AA Stope= Storer . Nat Sat V-1_chanac teristics MI chonactustin _‘V-T_chenacleeaies ——Sf_Betetor Of Inductor Of Capochjex Pye Elemen: *Acths—clements ane capable pf cupplying averse — Power 40 the mest of the cfr cuf}- e fg Voltave eunce , Cument counce, Trancistox , eter ssh lem oe SS Ve le IS ane ble Lyf fo the mes} of -the circuit+ © _@s9 > Rechfos , Inductor, Capacitor, Transformer ebco tt Zilatera! Flements © Brlalenal elements offers th ame impedance fwesisjan ? Precdy 0D re. ov for of Palantty of vi applied @cr P4e Tt i f29_Res. brdu ctor, Cor pac? tor, efe Unilasme’ Ele ments @ Unilateral ele ments offers different Pmpedance [neristone fth a fo_direc4h 20: Pt ox Rolonfty of vole eae applied eccoss pe © 0.9 Diode, Transis}ot ete: d en ¥X__Deode allows cumen} {0 __-fle® tn _one_directinonty. Spuat ot Rests Jonce (8) = “fhe nesisdance R of an element denoles ts abfitiy Jo mesic} the flew of electric curment; tt te “measured in ohms bod. > 4 isjarte Of @ sample of ma} fal depends Upon -fhvee factors e lenath out © ~ Section sea (CSA) = pi\y © The actual mafertal used es Creal yr tal for = The esis jance of a wmasertal also defends on fs Jempenajure- => ‘The merisoce of alt pune meals \ aa fncweares with fnevease of femposnete cent => the sesisfance of Canbon, fnculadors Semi onductprs and 0 lectrolypes etcas th increase of Jomperane | ° Oly eae fs Jan, J jor 2 1 4eMpeatue as, r= Ry (l+XO) Lshene , & lempenrafure Coefficrent of sieslslonce Ko is the. nesisfane a) OC and 6, *s the femprrafure at rohtch resisfonce fS to he deteanined: — TE a_maleias having Q_pesisfane R, at 8"C acd 2 _ x ts m e ffirient of 0% “then Rs OFX , ' LR 41 Colowt Coding of Resistonce p> Used 40 d&fine the falue of srecisjance > Dikferer} munber of. cole: band ane used -fov he i nesisjance value: = ={he_num, (bands, cach colow _ baods Res specif value [fn -jhe Core. In _orden +0 90) he value of sesicfence » we need +o decode the cole hend- , = the _-firse. indicate {he nesfedane sf a color code econd and fhisd bands ane used to Qf -the sresistor by means TgTt] Corous = Tolerence f¢ the ventation fn phe 0 | Black Ac tuck Of a Swesistoy from Pts 1 | Brown i AactHiel sesfsteance- 2 | Red 3 | orange = _ From the left, the IS* colow hand onjhe| 4 | Yelle neststos Frditcapes the St cfonificont S | Gren value, 24 coloy hard frdtdates 274 | 6 | Blue fani€tcant Value and so en- a | violet v RB | Givey => Each colour hand is decoded os @ 3 | white Tolerance | Colews dight. @-9 Ked means Yelp yroans Fe g J $4 | Crold ‘| Agiek 10% | SPlvex aaWaor ¢ Briletn hea Very [207 |Mo colow bend Coad eDFfe BA nesit}or ic menked as follows: 15! bend roan 2" bong fs black »9%4 hand orange, Ne ofhen hand . hed f: existance and _beJwern what value 406s FY Ife ? 181 Bron = 1 frsp_uolt gm Black = @ second unit ge orange = 00 mumber of zens 08 cmult plien So the valye > 10000 = 10 Since mo further hbarcl is given the +olename fs 207 The nerisfame (1'e4 befoerh legv0 +2060 and jou — 2000 | Foe. 12 KL and 8kJr- SE Obm'< law" <= To _areny ronductors, voltage Ic proportional jo the Cumenk flowing bepween thern y provided that dempenajune re miaPned Constants AT ST ! Z 4 Foro mesistonceafncgentes Date oo. +# Coody jane Conductance ts {he ability of en element -}o conduct ——Glectric cument, fy ¢ measured fn mhos(=V) oF Stamens (s+ lo= 2 - } R X Power clisctpaest [ig 2 rats tay | Tt doe nol depend on 9 ov v. Tt ov depends Qn phe physical climenstons of jhe capacitors [c= €4 Oe a Spnrat © Factors dejeaminins the yalue Gf the Coperte b> fhe sunfece Qnea of the plajs — th Locgen the ane Li> The ir joeen the plajes ~ the emailer ~he spacie th greater the Cape ¢ tance the + fen the Ca pacifance. oe ti = higher -fhe middivi ry act ce N=T_ ne lationship -fox 2 Capacttor Q = => dt_= div) = ¢ dv * dt ay at C is frdepen+ of pime => |e = f= dv at dt ws) Cilayde + Ve) cay te Vite) = WU 0 the voltage ocross caper tor 91 fire to: = Above eAuatien chows thet Copacitoy vol axe depends On phe Pasy hictory Of the apartk J pC ene np — Herce, the Codecidoy has mermory TF oe. Date .... Hf Eneray foredt -by a Capacitor — The fredenjeneus po.ver deliverea =}o =Jhe_capactoy ts pe ve Cvdy ae > The neney sjoved in the Capacitoy is +t 4 w= Cpwrdr =c vdvaz Bs Dae t rs) Tehva = eT EY oO Lt ~ eek Considering Capacttos oes unchene, d_ at $:-00 3 vb~)2 loz t eve] w= 2 | 2¢ | x* Tm rr O Perf a fox eo 4 a pacHoy is_an open cTxcukt +0 De fn sleady sia; © 7h voltage on @ capacktor cannet chen abu 1 fe. ft Sut bo conti ousus. a / © Cunnend thoy eh @_ Cape cMor can change Abrupt! The fdeal caparttor does no dissipate energy: x A seed , non ideal capacttor has a ponalieh- mad ef “leakage sertsance .pohfch # ver be and en pe Vnegleckd for most prac ticar applicabtn a nee Rage neitidon ce | ap -O Capac fonee Stadt Co ee Date ... clfor tn senfe a ee as eee Cee cr Coumics Co *~ For mn capactor fn penalie? Ceg = Cpe + Cy +. wr + Cog vetoes (L © (mductance fs dhe Propaty Urherd by aM Poductoy exhthis cppost#ien jo dhe change of wie nt flossing bbsceugh BLL mreasurec| inl henays (HY. lyad? » vapar [up a a9 - es “ St fio g * aie Bier vet SST L= Na “y c ae l ti P rontove Sravable => An inductor fs a passhe element destghecl to fore energy fn 4s magne pic fe Ide Ain fnduc for consists of!” a cofl' of conductihe sire: NeT ne lotionship of lnduc-}ov Ni bd? » d?= tygpy dt C On InFemarn g fe) Cvnde ov f= 1 (anes +t le) cS Ty Ete) 18 Josef currents -for - co et to ancl [2)=O Stina r The power delivered -lo jhe fnducyor Pez vrez C/gi\é The eneny stored £ i 12 = Cpede = L (dt tde t = de , t : =i Ctd = Li litw- Peo ‘ -% f > o= Ler ot Properties of an Inductor e@ Pxom v-¢ selationchip, voltage acwoss an (nductors fs i Zero shen the cunpene fs Cont op » Thus, Ao nductor ack [tke a short circut{ to De. * © The cunen} fhveugh an jnducfor Canno} chenge ins Lanteneaus! ts discon tinuous change ta Cuwent would s7e9uPre fnfinife vol tage ° L i > > + 1 t t Comeny {hrgh an Paductorle) alleoed (bh) met all owed 5 an abrupt Change fs not pocsibre Stnat 2 The fdeat Inductor does no dissipate neagy n= Ped due: bf Poon t neste fre Com poner duc dn acfnding of conducting marzater fe Rio and d t if appean Yn sertes uatih the fndyclanre of Pnducionr- 2 _Non -fdeal inductor also has 2 pofnaling Capactance Cy é Ro Sy Civcuf{- model -for @ practical fnducter HK Fort D fndue-lov fn serfes Ley = 4,4 Oot lg +----- tly X for n foductor Pr Povaltel sist . leg a 2 Ca in Satna, TrdePenden?t Sear ce f= Sst Seprce F Connery Seuree Depenckeag Seance PCurene condreled yo lier Sources (ec vs) Borate confroficd volar ‘Securces (CC YS) P Cumend congrelicd ceuvent Sounces (CCCs) os Voliace Conpelled Ccwren{ Seances (€ CCS) L Tndependen} Seurces Dependen} unees > Thene ane elements io eshich |> Cpecial Kinds of eueves for the voltage is completely fonds which olfnen the Secerce vol tage ndeot 0. Wr 2. he wv n spon Cuanent fi com pletely indepen: |Crument or vo lie else ahere fr denp of the Volbate- the ciycui}: > Ar Prndenentent voltare sat fe Chane teri ed by 2 fain vol. ehich inde pendeny? of the current cLivoush He = Fox independent Cumen} source > VU; ful fn modelling elanengs uch as francisfors, memtonal ampifflers, and ingegya ted chrcudts > sally destpnated by diamond shaped sym bvts: the cre nd hr eugn dhe ¢lemeg| fs compledety rade g the voldage across Fe pendsnp Of Spurat Date oe De penden) Seunces x Cument- controlled Cunrent sources (Coes) > A Cece fs QA Cunren} seunce Uushene the cuvrent I te ondxolled by some ojhe? Cunnenb Cleeushane Pn @ _civeutp. “Yo z : = 2 Bat f= xe oOo -O B fs Current gato (diwenstonleny %_Noltege - conpolled “ Curend sources(Vocs) = A Wes ts a Ps Curent Con polled by o=—. punce Lohene the Cumen? ry voltase eles wher n_@ CPreul. — rr ; ¥, 0% ba Go AN =. Lo 9m is deans londueJance LG ov whos y Xe Maltege- Conpaolled voltage A Vevs fk a voltage Vepunce ushere the vol taye iS Conprojled by a” voltage else ushere fro a circus, — Coa N, HT = KY = =) tk. Ts voltage goin ' Cdimensient ens > %* Cunment = Controlled cunrent seunces(Cc VS) are cys ol e here the vo} fs Conolled by a Cunnen? elseushere (na cred Chacuty. > _ c rn \ Vp Va bmx CO, | al mks transsesis Spiral ‘Hr I Istoy e r t i j I 7 - RQ € { , i Cs te Re Ge tnx Ri Rit Ra RrRa Branch > A branch nepresent a sipele element such Bk A vollaze ox cumen} cbunce oy a sreristor fn_@ chrcur{: 2. le F iro nnectr eon, wo oy More . branches- % Loop: A loop ts any closed Path in a cfacutt + Meshi—> A mesh fs @ closed love in _shfch yhene £ fc m0 other [00 p Within ft * Spat ° me: Chi nD d Fadepe ng + (oo fh Odamen dhe ovem Of nefoork $0 po/ogy > t VT b= £+9-T] w nsformatfon kvb a Jn ony TITISISIIISIIIVIISIT mst ET =D rae bn eary Kel 2 The al pebarai : necting ode a pala or eee [ep co |" Conseovaliim of Charge Kun Mest, onalysis Method) © fmatie Setosed poh e J = J L dy | get pee ~ Types Wik VR a vier & Cuyied Sure Dano baa, oie hI in Ouler Lap = 7 i | 7 = £ a coos SUCCUCUCIINT AUGUST MAN Calculate the Curb ia brumebr AB of I Apply KVL tame | at, = 4(Z,-Z) tip =O _ I (2 OT, +44 + 0f, — -1o | -@ Abbly kay in aueh - 97 | -sp - of %-3) ~ 4(m-g)ze | [+ 4n, = 87, +2 s0 | Apply kev iq—_-mesh = Di se t Lan, =20 — 215, -b) aps i fol te — 6g ee} ln) =6G ¢ & > ie Gi) + @x4 Ut, ~_ 3%, 42G 20 at, +L -2u% =o iy = et = BO 2h- 2% = 4a -@ ve | AUCTETTE Dye dy me | Gy. = bow | To. = 34d He OF Ps (ah A OOOO VUE E CV VVANAVYA, _ SS So “TReme Gore tn reo midhesh in the givtes Che cut tee l oo | qe [it Gb conn a mesh T_, Maoh 7 data ech Vely | ee sds nee fdr of al Lenfs ere tockuwine — civecHin.. Asbply kvi jh min D I -1oT = jo Ye) #2070 COCCOCEEE. [-200, + lof + Oh = -30 oat tg 2 oh = JO) Aflaly, Kve mM meh - -52, - S(-%) - wl b-h)-90 Wei eh +o se far, =~4, 4% =0G [_-f). | : + ronal) 0%, -4T, = +2 _=(ii) — obi £Gi) <2 +7, to = -2 Z. ~4T, tot = th — ca er aa roe Se A Go af Cuseint Ham Ap Tan = To = ~ a Fay AI = Lin gt = Using kev — d . 2 iv ea ; TE — 1H «= | in gt a aa I ) Asa D an 2. _e hh — a | — 4a ‘gv iv 7 aw fom — i Su permesh = _ — H om Ta-he sA | ~O - — i 2 oi lye I td ae n ‘Sema E — Comet | in? ) £) $40 | . “The point _silatse te, | 1 I Gd actify the principle. Norley 07 juschore Poe Lin the neha Ee ee funthba wor Hae addled axe dg ut chin haa Vili e> ov os 3B Agsurvy AY Currency 17 ud: ching —direchies ey | i Caich—functina firm C1 egurechaas key 4 1 the. ¥g" ta calculate. She vol ew fu tho Potentials « hy indiviclaal junciiior potential find tas & of ag uived edectuial gusty. \ EE fal fiod dhe Current in 30 read tee uw 4 keu: | é te j aid te gua [ tb [ Ng 70 | | COFFE COCR “There. 2 _principl ML jucchinn 1 A 3 Lp Asiag Kk rd _fuuncdin A= LE + ts Mp-= Vo = 6 Va =O; “Va-Ve4 5S 0. as 2 é 3 Va 6 + 2a + 3% -3 Ve 4!Sz 0 [6v_ = 36 ig - 7 tee > | Applying keto June @ es aesseeree i, + ist 20 Wig =O0-I0 | ves0 6 SS a =e ANp-2V~_ -190 + Va-!o 1 Ve = _ | pa, bY Va = zo} Li 2220 fH avg 2-35 + 12¥ 60 66 i Parn(iA Wp = 286 2o ze Vp = 2-64 =20 $y BB 1 aM ca i (A Lo FFE At unto A Ty) tin + i220 Va- 20-0 4 Va-o 4 Va=¥8 0 8 4 s pon - Yoo + 15Vn + 12VA- 2¥g 5 1 60 | Elta eva 210] -€) O #£4@ W1Vn —J27R = 4 esa _6¥a = 80 — 4 = 10 — + Np-- BIS - 9-orv TT & Vpgz 2-012 V C, ty Va 9 9-0 2 -1ar4. thy eo ae QUUUPUSURC CC IUIT TIENT II IIIT Node analuas > ma tly profit, Kkce JL: raldid > - Meat l ” ky a COCO OCOPOOP POP ERRVERRDDVUR AANA CUR CCU CICLO DI III III IIII I { My mle Kt] f \ e | | s ! SEAL Lf F 5 : “) |g d a f [ S y | lel -| fj an + | / Ci e 1 r}-P a lo Ey io ” = ° N Ww ™ NEL TN ae i Kel > valid fer Ae HP \\ea, VITITIIVIDIVIT FA ST 1 Pa? svt re a Tord f oe Ios Consume by Zo it panacea = 4 - : ° - CES _ ! Citgrtad= ja than = oben _ Circus’ P| a = id oe : Z s — tae wl ‘ treed athe md chao abe 1 [ends "Thi wl pe _the_“The vera = pel lod __'Vo He pas ria Pa ai) xemave th, load —tesirter dod _veplace U sth chive uated hy thet, intact resis Fanci ~ A Coleutate Ht Cquivaten Yeaiatanee derreda. | tae ain _daaela + This will be th The ; eadect ‘ Ly Draat the _“Thevenials @quivalint fac oe Me Dchanrs v) Culeutabe sty boad eaurrent Thy vane 4 fymika T= Vita as | 9 J Rit Reg or Rin, 9 fra the cumenk: -* LA. yeasbor in ial th. ( ¥ ik iy Th Cia ' £. es af ee galt a ta L ] Gol 2 Re = ta TITTY IIIIIVI TSI aoe ah ak ate wok Remap a EE — Be mye lon ¢s aa Bh _$taceadpa2sn LB Zz | re we _ reas + Lot voortdt J, £ || G euarent Gre ft etal eg | aaa poe. Se ke ea eet I = —— te Ir a0 [HO Le Appl Kur in meh 2, J Trey woe. in - in( -G) - Sb =o i Jo- lO Det lol, -Sh=0 -15 +)ov2 +lo 20 | i p. of iS : TERCCCEE yD short araut y Reo - | a civeudt pR=O sy eo __ > hn — | G20 «+ 1 - t \ 1 SAD. 622 = [ov = = | | 7 I active soulless by —tnehs tabeaal tcat \ © re r t Req ee a 392 A Noo ‘The vomia'y _Cireur$ will 5: a. Reg - 332.4 pa I W to Rte H a “he Ip to 109. 8-8 A 33st) 43 a I. Goan | [aaa a thendain's ~thearesar- S952 Resae Lendl +E i Eee wi %,200 av TOY Qh Hine there acc | Vin = fad mash. [aoa eA | ne aggume Ty ho, torrent ftaary Drea 24 —||_ Norton! g_ Lcorsos 7 eel alae emda Nerton equi talent eivcutt haw pts Nutra \s phot Cisaut Corrente “Tyg fn plelbel sal orton Lyuicolnd= regis bance Kyi ppaccallel tart oud __besistor Ry - ee - Rr LIJIT IIIIVIV IIS y x [(==sjs==zi a | Stef fes_Solvg Ges —- =e __t) Identify the Load petits Bs a a\|| Keblace Ky with cfr cuit brome = mmo ill) The — eee this__ shack ceca _ AL branch will plo tials fT or Te we) Rem 2 L vaiflce, ald the achive: £0) sé. by teip _faterrul __pesistance ——). quivelnd resistance Germs the Mica _dpen — —_ eds. mull be. ve Norton! s. nals fpries. ae Va000911 rfti reeentit 727 - UOT, mI2f, = 421 ee 4e-B0 a2T, 2% = 46. a Kae jh Muh 2 =12h+nh =d (ir) hy «Ty 2 0-66 & , Beemoidy Rca apg —all Se —tene —— Sour by testi Daten nal 0 restetroced . tea, + 4411 | usin Mortyn'e theme ea J ec 1 i a = . . : = | K STL l —_ el = | L | - . od nw | - 2 > Nin _Aeblociy the oad vealirtence tii 6 oy I Shoat i renels emt 1 Se yy 2 sen a ar Pa} | BX div | eit Za eS ! Le el i ba - wl | oe dive —_mnedhes be ofpply bv Pr 9 | > ak yO LT Corn fi teat I: ov om pw t Acpppby y =n 7 I 194, — 10y + wh = 10 } 4e821) toh =lo} | Apply kA oa nu ~Shrz10 Atfpy yest iin ma a ® — Eats th 2 -B Oo +05 Bed, + lof = Io = 10: x 4 lol = 2s 0 __-(f) O40 I “Yt h = 3 - Ut, - I= 9 II ae i Ta === pte* 5h ira Js 2 @) = =) 4. 2-0: L =f Aen 0S POOP TAREE RE AVVAAAAYAAS 7a I. Lee = = 9-3 A { | Masa_tuhdie 24 —Soteaee death Z oe : ¥ = 4a a 4 = aoe pe at CC =16 f, + 4p <2 [1 ah =>] -O [pt y5 5 4 -D @) 43) we tot ck + -64) = -2y t= 4 fr 1 egy 4A] i "ip =a JO Abpyby kwe ta Mesh £ SA 6s eunee Bea ee i a 4+ UR = : Cvs%6) ne To47, + Tp fi a SSE <0) 0 T44 YT, 3 444,. 9 -1 4 fe ah ts of Les tar ff ) LG) ~ Of « “2h Th, = b= €) +30 _ Maximum Vows _transler ccarding ty the —pnaatimuim poistear narafica flatuntons, ther C corrlition Ave i 2 load resizes .Q, Coo be achieved phen the toad teriste equals the The vena * Cpuicalent—— fr egistion 4 the Circutt wih — yr & AB = oh eB = = me ns =, | Paneer thurs a p-t2e, © q = hy : = | + ak, i l Q = [vm \" 2 {i CBs Re | ia Diff" dig. cbove OGM wert and Cuating it ste dp vy [ (Rut) - 2a | fu) | ak (By Rf f Op f (Rut RR 2 Ry (Rnb BJ] (Bans PY | GEVUULUCCCCCICTYT = ( : Sy o@~- —E = This ts the requicedl cond tion fire rade __ pom ee aa Puli te vedas of Be = By, in eg Q om d , — I Pay = Vin Bar, om (rt Bin) — — | Posie Vine | ome ie = | Ja the_, (veer nefnioht fend thal of com J Rit ll} bor the regs paso _ om fms ths weree + Algo ffiad tae antes pooner! ms By jon ‘(Come ene ae — & 17 a | sah) $20. Sh ait I — wo | — Ss fy =2 = | 2, My,» —vemoviag By Ti nee : por eee l sa (f) 5 rb) ray | aft “| “I J f Vin a @ | : aay a -év fe Remove By & vepleg GU__the Oclive, Saterees by tela internet ——weatstenesy » ____] Fath lore pea ee a =e ae ae a i a ci — — . a ge be 2s Be ez] Le _ VUN _ |g: Ry A foe istiewn passer fod fd Pages Vie gs S189. S 534 UU siege phase ——— mfg cf Single phure, Ac Ss Th 8 tele sista RE e T 1 FEE eee ae 6 i, M Weslo naognsdis 1 & k cea / 1 TeX 7 ; fied ae Ay) vik IN Om ah ost v Sf p wm = Say i ie CECE AV AANA. dix__th. cen aadibine ¢ ~ pb. dm Cone ( perpendii dent} at pul values of co _ta_@) = 3 4 = = N dm Coot ae 2pl Gy Binwt + co Naog,, smote CELL. ehwt | whey. Em: Nad, Representation of Single sl Graphical fee = falas. fav Cond itia cfs ‘cig — neta anaes Ov geaph —d a eek gO vy Me Ol Rect i= tsb | a Cpa phase OR Ye Ly luetuadt Down t ¢ £ Qi : eee —Uitpaaonac trical —fosen [ [are cua tpoira] Ol Piles dem = Juz—tl [26] Gove 20 L387 Vv 7 mions 32 sa lg ZL. fa BL Megattude efarm— THAN | C5 ye. 9m gst qd | = bm Sin cot em. = T - HE I To. Bin cot =A cs I = Vm sinwt At _— = t3T Ne aa Ol Peck value or mo. value [Amplthede kinf = ; | ar rea ar a re a fewisT 0 7 wot (red) | ceeeeceereeeeeeeutu To s B E Sy Aaengpss = 2 (rede yc J Ey divi it ath alt faseible Ativis ine 2— > - SS fou [Im Sawt dust >= [oa=0 ; > & F - wt a = Sau + Dopp —f — Gasp Bp eg : [Pe og) ‘me = vt Dep bath sides = 9 a? (treot)* Tee [1 Cab2uot] = Cano I~ RO Haw 2 One ft Cone eot) olund ee opaun S FO 12. T2 ioe wt] U 2 See po eZ) Cro) | quare reoly bat Bi nv eee DD) MITES eee au = Ie = T —- —— = Fed - poi = DT Vers vm? ea | | seni aa & | «= = u ls -_ i RAS — let wy tums Prat — i a | ual, vabbbe toad : [ ont | RA” 4 Connected accors | con a Sufsly of a ses SDs 4s ed I = - = t 2 Vm siact: i) oul l vin ‘ca {= Vm Sia wt ™ [az ~ i ~ Fae TS = | | fiz fn sowt | O = Conjarin —eg O 2G). =a | “ol tae. Lm a eel pitas) pete Sees ! 2 Tr Ving | 7 wo red eg 1 Weeeeeeee A Vater _dissipet Lig, Purely —pestttiee loud — P=~vi putting voli of £i frm ean OM) Pe Ver Siavot Toop Qourt ps Vat Dit wot Po Vale [t= Cuaeor J ee a Pag = vine [C= Ca a tp a 7 . L ot = SIndwtT ora = Jo © 4 = aa L > a: aE : 2 ee ai EM Lets f A l t i 11 | i anf taduced th the jivix ik _@= -Ndb fe is mesasic oucrdit, ole COCOA f facet @2z -v : ne (ee of teen’ 2 inductonce) ad Tl Ata or Tif ee de pa "ae ye Ladi a Hi A nl fom —tey ee Vm Sin cot = df f (dt = 0 [vq Shor dt LJ pe Vea EE Coo wot l ie a [- = Mn (ono > Col wl YWIIIII IS I Curaacedy 241 0 £0 # aca Pucecly induct Arona by 4g-2 dead tases I 5 = [Power a AC ciruit Lith puaely —jadluchiae — locel = p+ vt = 122 Tog -SDaurt BiB lette ce i — = pate =A) - phates = Vin Jon BIA 34+ Cd Ot —. p_- = Vn tm Sin Qeot ie ee) = i 1 — fl tally, pi J i GIES [ipso J i —_ 4 s es [Ac cre cette Coma fruity Cac lead Le : ani as Les EE et ative th C fore] a pe eee “age as | = Vpa Shae of vn, oo e | a ie | “ech doce he Cofacle ie | _ ! f gucy =a — - $= dg fen Ciadae. LS. ae at —_ [> Cd ven Sin wate tg qt Win" jj. ce vy, Cay wot is Vin in (Ds wt) | Yoe ea is epee ences] x | we antC wala pee M M74 at) o— aS “= ome I ana ear ete mn /o@ts 7) | A) — gs SEE a S/S — | e402) ) I8, 2. 4 0) 2h a 13 ey 244 fi Lh —“ gy feada coon A _by $5 cf puccel ot! | 1 Capacitive “toad © rn | Hi H an Ei Auser paw Ac Cty wi Conduit, pists th capaclive aad = f eal Qe Vir - Ven Tor mt So t+F) wT ati = Nn Fe Saat + Caneort "1 5 be # | Components _of i f see 3 @ Lin ge pe dunce. 1 al iS recta Reective y 0 dood Kepe%, (0) ¢ a G20 Resirtance (2) 0 te Den Shlwot -7 = fy Xe sis Lona Sid colt a) SS — Sy Ifa Tes 4 (%e= x) “ean Et) [7% YF , =a — [Lop= 2B ie z bal tae ! {a Teper & co ie 3 [AEE Pinar - : ¢ le Dll Ach (Gre Passa) {satis} % Ls dur = 2 Tehistenre seas on™ oe Pe Vins Dring Coob ce HA aie eS ~~~ fe I Recetive Posen (walt —Dfonp Reactive) o( VAR) ie bu te xeabe tt WW G-. Vee PNP B Apu tat au by (volt - anf) unl VA) - ie Benterd of Corr “€ © In? € 7 © 4 tustear cf facto we =unaeraceee 2 of thes phaber differ Gen B a Nattesgte Ont _Cusarrtad-- - — | _Conp > _& Laacp = Aedive. Posey — eee Nipper ent Power oa | om iT = ae om o~- 8 ~ ~~ Som ; od ! : ~ ib opp eel 2 EF ms | : sEFIEIETBia_| OI R- SDA Ls Osgy we pat 3 a at poor DISS a ere ee ee B93 < Ol fxpressioy for arta f= in 8m ost AS I Ann = i co =} | i J = Y8s_ shpat Vv (OUCEEE [ete 2 = SEs (S92 = S2-4en f2 » Ts Yo-] - 8-32 A i S246 Pee +35 &. J g espe ges: ze S246 to! _[ 0:95)= ig-t* 99 sin tot = 18-1') JA Lem, Viens hod. BAD BGS x QW -7 O+5 129 ved) L x2 1x 108 aie _ = [2os+ Ys0-74 a | ~ [615-1 = 06-9 8260 - te a] 6. aot Dog—> 230, B84A 9 a 7 . Eval z i 7 is ‘ ’ {20ustar feachor he a = O51 tia xy bag= 057 (leading | Tt 7 ss |© GL phe ary he Cog O57 | g 4 = Cor! ost [ESF] rrrerre o x 3-B5 x 0-S146 aes Cpa ine gees | - BS) Pow diagram > 4 4 Sue cond __wshicla ts 4 tic ober ida 4 tol Leap a Set separatists tase wale of — at alt bine ngauore tn be Imtete susderc Lack — divechin iit Grgetor — thotity of 19 alld. i] t [Z_= 80 X14y= 32527 v SNS D9 Spy B-Bsx Jeye |2-013 V bp. S$. 9be t lea Legere me CELT 3 oo ved Jace Numerical on bwraltel AC cithatt A Tam bramchis A and 2B Gre connechedl_in zs peaallol mu 4 Supply of Qemv_, Sav2. » f_Comaists of taisjance of lon Vind induchiner.” gf 0-12, A conolsh 4 vtelttee of fo te tnd capaci & Yo Hed da cabtulabe (i) ated impedance (1) Poser feeder f)__fotul onred (pha ois Cuardtnd IN bach bYawbh Sal Brcmch A Vrms220Y Branch 2 Eee f= SM. K. far 7 pela did) C > t0-@ fd Y + tal 10'S = Brg L QT xD = Qan» x M12. 2. ios 125663 _ A = Sth Be = q5-sT1 yy | geet De | top + (3ry* = 89-004.0 - pe aa £2048 2 (as ia. aldel a Spe ga 39-002 * 922045" : Zytze G-0p2 # 82-048 a 26-aas fe | VERE II III II VIS II ISVISISS Usheemnge—Chy aes Ves 4 Nom mes; 22 = a Zotz, | 24 2), = Ree [a 1 (ie Zn | oo Zy tan) Cpe = 290 = 2a. Tekh tad 27 25-432, TELLLUUGLE UE (i), - Vims - Que S:/2 A \ ai 35> GDS (tol, a ms Ria = 9-42 A. | 22 * — B208| On| Cod - fe. Noted yesirtarce { [Er Gand Inferdence. | R, = Yoxto tk 6-46, Rotgo 3a (a Qe Qé-4 | To cap = 666 asm | zt Ea ig 211g canning) i bs ta! 0.252 | [qe as-4ou" | OT Granth & {ptanth * | COCCCCCEECERECLEDALLAAAAAAA AA Vin Vrms = Ben ati. 2B2yr : - ; Pon Vy XE 2 Se RAT Us BOY | Cap Di = Ry ge as | 2 v2 | — [fg = 25-52 | I | Rreerch 6 Vireg 2 mex: Qe r= Qv : _C® Por, = Tysory, XSR- B40 9 VU by R, 2 — Os 24) Me Zn 82-051 fb, 15-98 | Saeco fi 44 7 ten Agee 35298 Oe 1S Vn, 2 Ven = 2BLV | | pg LA i th. vO jcewit if ao Vo meter vedds i a utp yeaa Mon: eae Boy Sd i ——————— ~ Jb wat = Bers =f us, 6-10 [iétle = 4G « yxy: $62 + PPE VUEEERAAANAAALANA . [met ge + [422 72a | fistiag ~ Jogy + 15-6 | 2. feria - Sige s [lob ees p= Hy | D4 LOCECOCEL AEE v ar 18-8 AL =o [US | De id 4a { ITI LOUCTT Q ‘With _vePerence tn the Hietntark, pita bela! 21 pnd zp a OS Cuacy tata || Gi) Pa, becchsy (00) Pause disuiped int pbs sa? i ton. “SEA aT Temp 1 Trot ae t io Eel a SDV we OsHe TT! dl SpHe tC a es = =H ty _“Baes- [n- Aye tens. pa it . Me core engl Kye Gly S$ /_ BB (2,2 Os has anf t= _9n cnr 0-6 1ST :015 A Cz tone eee [B22 WEELEUUUT Fuso #10 ae [ees oy 2 > [eos + (304-122 Zy- 325-6 n. Basson 187-092 Z “BIB. Sn pf Zt Dy? - = 395-6 + IS1-017 318-7 (51-01% 213-2 = 325-6 + [05 *T7 ] lo 94uegy Hee it) oar Vem + LSE O-s14 & ce 27 434277” ice ran Se (fecasle) sry = BT 01 051 [ST +014 316-32 = 0-aB g j= G, LD. = ge te DA = 0-39 4 iy | aed | Uns Nica, T% 2 Tey 2 oe SELLEUCOLECOLUITITTY Broth -2 Vinay Lt. 7 + & Bip Migs 018 IS9- 012» 4 = 35> kh | Donte Ppp ph Zs bu > A Cet, = 0 _ [.-—Co'o = $0"| Breoneh, 4 = Vine + Vv = 39:236v TREVITTRTAAAANANYVAVAA Lage Do pg GB o-Rsx ils 0-599 em || Ce do- 2 oO Se = Sn | 18: = Se" | ho j mS 7 ‘es 1 fe { 460 = 264289 Tr Atte lth Re Renita C2 Veactome. Gl Coniieclenee.) = 1 Or Sle ment T Mote = te kon ens R.-k ¢ fled Date 0) O= ae ny a i = 1 3-34 + ae St 344 a4 Y 3-jh eee : I= (6 y46 sol GF i: ; jy. 1 #f@ as ay :

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