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Tire Fundamentals

The document discusses the fundamentals of tires including their function of providing traction and cushioning, sizing conventions, width and aspect ratio measurements, rim diameters, treadwear ratings, production dating, causes of uneven wear, the importance of rotation, styles of tire machines, balancing wheels, and methods for repairing leaks and punctures in tires under 1/4 inches with plugs or larger holes with patch and plug combinations.

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hadiyauniversal
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181 views19 pages

Tire Fundamentals

The document discusses the fundamentals of tires including their function of providing traction and cushioning, sizing conventions, width and aspect ratio measurements, rim diameters, treadwear ratings, production dating, causes of uneven wear, the importance of rotation, styles of tire machines, balancing wheels, and methods for repairing leaks and punctures in tires under 1/4 inches with plugs or larger holes with patch and plug combinations.

Uploaded by

hadiyauniversal
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Tire Fundamentals

1
Tire Function

❖ provide traction (friction) with the road surface


❖ provide a cushion between the road and the metal wheel

2
Tire Size
➢ Letter designates tire type:
• “P” Passenger tire
• “LT” Light truck tire
• “C” Commercial tire
• “T” Temporary/spare tire

3
Tire Width
• tread width in millimetres
• this tire’s width would be 245 mm

4
Aspect Ratio
• tire height expressed as a percentage of the tread width
• aspect ratio in the example below is 75
• sidewall height is 75% of the tire width
• aspect ratio of this tire is 245mm X 75% = 184mm tall sidewall

5
Rim Diameter
➢ rim diameter is given in inches
▪ 13 = 13”
▪ 14 = 14”
▪ 15 = 15” etc.

6
Treadwear Rating
• treadwear is given as a number
• the higher the number, the longer the tire will last
• 100 = baseline
• more than 100 = better
• less than 100 = poorer

7
Date of Production
• Tires typically last around 5 years with normal usage. Find the
circled 4 digit number on the side of a tire (if you cannot find it
check the inside tire wall!).

• There are many factors that go into this number. The type of tire
also plays a large role: tire type, performance tires, brands,
treadwear ratings, etc.

• It is important to know the date of production when buying USED or


NEW tires.

• You don't want to buy 20 year old tires!

‹#›
Uneven Wear Problems

•under inflated: excessive wear •over inflated: excessive


on outer edges of tread wear in middle of tread

Wear bars flush with tread? Tire needs replacing!


8
Tire Rotation
• ensures maximum tire life - evens out tire wear
• tires should be rotated every 10,000 km
• full size spare tire?
fig. b
• include it in the rotation
• directional tires? (fig. a)
• must remain on the same side of the vehicle
• check with owner’s manual or Mitchell for
specific rotation pattern
• fig. b is just one example of many

fig. a
9
10
Tire machine styles…
Rim Clamp Tire Machine

Center Post Tire Machine

0:50
refer to 4075 D2L lecture content for:
• user’s manual & instructions
• how-to videos

11
Wheel Balancing
Imbalance causes vibration in the vehicle or steering wheel

wheel tramp wheel shimmy

12
Wheel Balancing

Wheel balancers correct this imbalance in the wheel/tire assembly.


Refer to 4075 D2L lecture content for:
• user’s manual & instructions
• how-to videos

13
Tire Repairs

14
Checking for Leaks
• Inflate to 35psi & spray a soapy solution on these areas and look for bubbles:
➢ the tire-to-bead sealing area (rust & corrosion can be cleaned (fig. a)
➢ tire valve - both the valve core and where it meets the rim
➢ tread (cuts, holes, etc)

Fig. a

15
Leaks in Tread
• leaks/injuries on the sidewall cannot be repaired – replace the tire
• injury must be inside the red lines

16
Safety Seal brand tire plugs
• holes <1/4” can be plugged
• if the tire was run flat, it must be demounted & inspected on the inside for damage

17
Tire Patch/Plug Combo
• holes >1/4” or 6mm requires a path/plug combo

18

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