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Tutorial 7 Even 2024

The document discusses the principles, construction, and working of lasers and optical fibers. It provides example problems related to calculating fiber properties like numerical aperture, acceptance angle, critical angle, number of modes, fiber loss, and more. Diagrams are required to explain concepts like refractive index profiles and the working of a three-level laser.

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28 views1 page

Tutorial 7 Even 2024

The document discusses the principles, construction, and working of lasers and optical fibers. It provides example problems related to calculating fiber properties like numerical aperture, acceptance angle, critical angle, number of modes, fiber loss, and more. Diagrams are required to explain concepts like refractive index profiles and the working of a three-level laser.

Uploaded by

Vansh Kumar
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Tutorial 7

Physics 2 (15B11PH211), BTech EVEN2024

Assignment 4: with the help of suitable diagrams, explain the principle, construction, and working of
Ruby LASER

1. Draw the refractive index profile of the step index and graded index optical fiber showing
the modes of transmission. [CO1]
2. Write any two applications of lasers and optical fiber. [CO1]
3. Why is the refractive index of the optical fiber core greater than the cladding? [CO2]
4. Explain the working of a three-level laser with the help of a suitable diagram. [CO2]
5. Calculate the critical angle for the for the glass-water interface. (𝑛1 = 1.58, 𝑛2 = 1.32).
Draw a suitable diagram showing a critical angle. [CO3] (Ans: 56.66 degree)
6. Calculate the Numerical Aperture, Acceptance angle, and critical angle of the fiber when the
refractive indices of the core and cladding are 1.5 and 1.45 respectively. How will these
quantities change if the fiber is put in water? [CO3] (Ans: 0.384, 22.58 degree, 75.16 degree)
7. A step-index fiber is made with a core of index 1.54, a cladding of index 1.50, and a core
diameter of 50 𝜇𝑚. It is operated at a wavelength of 1.3 𝜇𝑚. Find the V-number and the
number of modes that the fiber will support. [CO4] (Ans: 42.11, 887)
8. A graded index fiber has a numerical aperture of 0.22 and operates at a wavelength of 8500
𝐴0 . Calculate the diameter of the fiber core to support 400 modes. [CO4]
(Ans: 4.92 × 10−5 𝑚)
9. A fiber length of 100m has a power input of 10 mW and a power output 8.8 mW. Find the
power loss in dB/km. [CO4] (Ans: 5.55 dB/km)

Extra Problems

1. An optical fiber has a core material of a refractive index of 1.55 and a cladding material
of a refractive index of 1.50. The light is launched into the fiber from air. Calculate its
numerical aperture. (Ans: 0.39)
2. A step-index optical fiber is the single mode at λ > 1.2 micrometer. Another fiber is to be
fabricated from the same materials, but it has to be a single mode for λ > 0.63
micrometers. By what percentage must the core radius of the new fiber differ from the
old one? (Ans: 47.5%)
3. The communication system uses a 10 km fiber having a fiber loss of 2.5 dB/km. Find the
input power if the output power is 1.265 𝜇𝑊. (Ans: 400 𝜇𝑊)

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