a MENSURATION
TR G ÑoMETRy AREA VOLUMES
20 25 Marks
TRIANGLES
To
HYP
a
160 601
EQUILATERAL 7 7
b
Allsidesequal ISOSCELES
All angles 60 RIGHT ANGLED
a and b
are called the
I f
legs of right
IF ANY ONE ANGLE OF AN
Angle
ISOSCELES TRIANGLE IS 60
IT AUTOMATICALLY BECOMES
AN EQUILATERAL TRIANGLE
state value
of length AB I mark
AB 15
15 To 15
a THOUGHT PROCESS
1 OA OB 15 radius of circle
2 Now we know DOAB is isosceles
3 Angle at 0 is 60
IF ANY ONE ANGLE OF AN
ISOSCELES TRIANGLE IS 60
IT AUTOMATICALLY BECOMES
AN EQUILATERAL TRIANGLE
4 Hence all anglesand sides are equal
This is only for
Isosceles
Triangle
12
60
15
If I draw a height in a triangle will
it cut the base in two equal halves
I h
h h
a
viiÉtÉRAL
isosceles EET
In SCALENE
case
of equilateral
and isosceles triangles Al
holes angles
it cuts in two equal are different are different
halves
RIGHT ANGLED TRIANGLE
PYTHAGORAS THEOREM TRIGONOMETRIC RATIOS
No otherangles than one angle other than 90
90 are involved given is involved given
to be found
It H H
a
base.TO
adjacent
p
T
b perpendicular B
opposite
H at b Sind P Sino
H
coso B COSO I
H
tand P tand
B
ppl have
some SO H
arly Brain air CAH
Throughproperbrusing TO A
Q Find value of x
132 2 52
1 13 169 22 25
7 22 169 25
m 144
N 144
12
2 x 102 42
x
x2 100 16
I 116
4 1116
10.77032
12
sino I
H
y
30 Sin30 a
I 12
R 125mn30
6
4 20
COSO B
H
60 00560 I
2 1 20
2000560
10
5
Boy To
T tan20 a
I 4
4tan20
1.45588
6 Sin
5
3g
38
In sin
3
i
36.8699
NOTE Sin cos tan
Inverse
trig ratios are ALWAYS used
when we have to find angle
tank
6
5
tan
I
10 E
63.4349
if
Mode
i
5
R 4500518
R 427975
4 27975
SinB
B
B sin
E
B 36.031879
D 11 68118 6
5.68118
11.68118
V
D
A 14.3
11.68118
10.2 6
B 8248636 E B 8248636
10.2 CB 6 14.32 8 2486362 CD
104.04 CBT36 204.49 68.04 CD
CB 68.04
D 136.45
CB 8.248636 11.68118
CD
5.68118
5068118 5.68
5068075 5.68
05.680325 5.68
74.263696
111.514 9
6552 55
P x TP a x tr
tants tan 55 QR
52
PR 524m65 QR 520m55
111.514359 QR 74.263696
PQ 111.514359 74.263696
PO 37.25066
IF NOT RIGHT ANGLED TRIANGLE
Sine Rule CosRule
Sine Rule only works
if no complete
if one complete pair is given in
angle side pair is question
in question
given
SINE RULE
SUB C
I
singA
b Sin
a
c SineRule can only be
used if one
B
is
angle side pair
given in the
question si
X Six b
tryto invent
Don't
maths
A sin30
Q Siglo
15
ftp.tii
a
15sin40
4ocrsin30
R 155m40
sin30
B
x 19.2836
I 3,4 8 1 5
Q a Finda sin30 Sink
12 18
12 sink 185mn30
sink 185in30
18 12
sink 0.75
R sin 0.75
n 48.59038
Not Right Pythagoras
Q a
trig Ratios
12 Complete pair sine
Rule
76 15 CosRule
COS Rule ONLY ONE ANGLE IS INVOLVED
A I
b COSA 52 a_
c
2
a
a
B
COS B a tc b
2 a c
COSC a b C
2 a b
This is a part Make sure youdo
4 Mark
all steps exactly like this
use calculatoron partsonly
highlighted
x 00560 122 152 75
21127115
760
IF
15
00560
I
369
360
22
Note Jo cheese subject 3600560 369 22
banani no it should 22 36000560 369
be tve x 369 3600560
x 189
5189 13.7477
MI method
2Mark
Al Answer
If a student has not
earned M marks
You cannot earn A
marks
122 152 132
Q Q
COSK
212 15
13
COSK 200
7
if 15
R
R
360
0051
p 30
x 56.251014
TRIGONOMETRY
QUESTION
RIGHT ANGLED NOT RIGHT
ANGLED TRIANGLE
angles Angles one angle side No Pair
notinvolved involved pair is given Given
PYTHAGORAS TRIGRATIOS SINE RULE LOSRule
2 marks 2 Marks 3 Marks 3 4
marks
Branches 1 Area of atriangle
2 Angleof elevation depression
31 Bearings
4 How to use in 3D shapes
trig
I Éisuration
AREA OF A TRIANGLE
A x b x h
is
I
bas
pot m he 90 Distance from the
a
g THIRD Point on the BASELINE
I baste I
Rule Every Triangle has 3 bases
Each base will have its own height
In formula you have to use
correct pair of base and height
Find area this triangle
Q of
h
5 A x b th
8
I
1 I
x 15 8
10 ItP
Go
III
baseline
base
Bottini
Q Find area
of A ABC
15 A bxh
h
Ex
4 x 5
A
4 C 3 Baseline
Lx
base
1
This is not part
A 10
of base This
is baseline which
isextended
T
base
line
THIRD
Point
t a
post'M
THIRD
Baseline
t
base
bar
h
2
THIRD
IF NO CORRECT PAIR OF BASE HEIGHT
is AVAILABLE
Now The Question will give an
angle
A
b x
Egging Ingle
E B
c't a
A b c sin A
I
A a c sin B
L
A a b sin c
I
p Find area of triangle PQR
Q
A 12 15 Sin 30
12
I
377715
R
A 45
a
p
Q 10 A 18 Sin 30
TI 42
R
I youcannot put any
q side except for the
Q
Fist neighboring sides here
in boxes
A 10 18 sin 92
I
A 60 22176
BEARINGS
Used to tell direction In
nary and aviation
North N
Clockwise
I
W
II
E
s
we will do one to
easy question
understand the process
Q NORTH
Iii
Morth
3011,3J
can Find bearing of B
Eod.A 120
b Find bearing of A
EBQ 9090 90 30
300
PROCESS 1 Make cross on alphabet
after the word from
2
Split angles if possible
3 Mark all Z angles
4 Find bearings
ANorth
É
Q
no
itD 3
10 441 6
12.340 3 123.40
Rule must be threedigits
Find Bearing of before decimal
070
a B
from A 12.34 012.34
b C from A 70 30 90 10 100 6.4 006.4
C C from B 90 50 140 0.5 000.5
d A from B 90 90 70 250
e
A from C 90 90 90 10 280
f B from C 90 90 90710 40 320
360 40 320
ANGLE OF ELEVATION AND DEPRESSION
depression f
elevation
8h
Z 1es
Note 1 angle of angle of ang
elevation Depression
2 Both angle of elevation and angie
of depression are made with a
HORIZONTAL Line
Q depression Find angle
5 of depression
of B from D
A B 12 I
tame
e tan 22.61986
I
elevation depression 22.61986
P2 OBTUSE ANGLE VARIATION
Q Given that x is
I Finda
and find
Eng
OBTUSE a
ignore
sin 30
15 14 SKY
14 sink 15 Sin30
sink 155in30
14
sink
Is
a Sin
Ig
32.3923 Acute
For obtuse 180 ACUTE
180 32.3923
147 6077 OBTUSE
0 90 Acute
90 Right
90 180 Obtuse Angle
180 Straight
180 360 Reflex
P1 SPECIAL CONCEPT 1 MARK
Acute
Dont home
trythisat
Sin 30 0.5 sin 50 0.5
cos 30 0.866 205150 0.866
tan 30 0.577 tan 50 0.577
when there are two neighboring angles on
a
straight line one is acute other is obtuse
Numerical value
of sin cos tan of both angles is
exactly same
cos and tan obtuse angle is negative
of
NO CALCULATOR ALLOWED FOR THIS QUESTION
5
3
Acute
a I
iv VI Sin ABD OBTUSE
Find value of COSABD OBTUSE
Ii sin CBD cos Acute sinacute
By
Ii Cos CDB
Iii tan CDB cos obtuse Obtuse
ABD SinABD 35
OBTUSE
14 tan ABD
t.amAcute
f
tan obtuse
tanABD
OBTUSE
Acute
Cos Acute
If
cosobtuse 13
TREATTHESE AS CALCULATOR BASED CALCULATOR
sino
If 5BD 10 13
BD 40 1
BD 26 26
60137
90 90 90 30 360 60 300
3
90 30 120
300
120
360 12 348
TJ
90 90 38 218 48
348
218
