' — o } 1. ATOMIC STRUCTURE ; Total number of protons present in the nucleus = Total Number of electrons in the atom Mass number of an element = Number of protons + Number of neutrons 1. Atomic Number of an clement : Mass number ‘Symbol of the Atomic umber» 2% ~*~ SXament 23 35. ©) Na, —Cl and so on. Bs TTNa» TCI, and 0 on Terms associated with element Isotopes: Atoms having same number of protons. Tsobars: Elements having same mass number. Isotones: elements having same number of neutrons (A~Z). Isoelectronic: Species/elements having same number of electrons. Isosters: Species having same number of atoms and electrons, g Tsodiaphers: Elements having same number of |N-Z|or|A -2Z|. ~ Paramagnetic: Species having non-zero unpaired electron, ooo oe Diamagnetic: Species having zero unpaired electron. Rutherford’s Model © Electrons, Protons & neutrons are the most important fundamental particles of atoms of all elements (Except hydrogen). —$X,Mass number (A) = Atomic number (Z) + number of neutrons (n) @ Ry =RiA)!9, Ry = 1.33 x 10" em; A= mass number, Ry = Radius of nucleus & dmyiaKh, 2 r 1 = distance of closest approach Vq= Velocity of an o.—particle m, = mass o.~of particle 4 = charge of o.—particle qq = charge on metal foil Size of the Nucleus : The volume of the nucleus is very small and is only a minute of the total volume of the atom, Nucleus has a diameter of the order of 10-!? to 10-3 cm and the atom has a diameter of the order of 10 cm. TARGET SERIES for Jr. ICON IC Students——- RE} _______:[ OBJECTIVE CHEMISTRY IA 8 ig) Table Mass ‘Charge Discoverer Electron e° or B | 9.10939 x 107" kg — 1.6022 x 10° J.J. Thomson Coulombs Stoney Lorentz 1887 0.00054 u — 4.803 x 10-19 esu Proton iH! 1.6722 x 1077 kg + 1.6022 x 10"? Goldstein Coulombs Rutherford 1907 1.00727 u + 4.803 x 1071? esu Neutron ont 1.67493 x 1077 kg neutral James Chadwick 1932 1.00867 u 0 1 amu = u~1.66 x 107” kg Thus, diameter (size) of the atom is 1,00,000 times the diameter of the nucleus. Light : Photon is considered as massless bundle of energy. © Energy of light E = mc?, m = where mass of light particle, c = speed of light © Epecue = hv=he/A=hev ay = aay : where h = Planck's constant, 4 = wavelength of photon ¥= wave number. Order of wavelength in Electromagnetic spectrum Cosmic rays < y-ray < X-rays < Ultraviolet rays < Visible < Infrared < Micro waves < Radio waves, Photoelectric Effect = : @ When radiation with certain minimum frequency (vq called threshold frequency), strikes the surface of a metal, electrons (called photoelectrons) are ejected from the surface. © Kinetic energy of photoelectron = hv-w =hv—hvg where w = work function; v, = Threshold frequency @ If v2vo, then photo electric effect take place. © Accelerating potential =eV =KE fim? © Electrostatic force = 84192 where K=—! = 9x10°N-m?/G? ie 4ne © Potential energy due to electrostatic force = AO; 9, = charge of electron, q, = charge of nucleus ‘© Potential due to (Q) charge of particle at a distance (r) eo r 4 BB {TARGET SERIES for Jr. ICONIC StudentsATOMIC STRUCTURE OBJECTIVE CHEMISTRY IA & IB | Bobr quantization rule myr = According to newton’s second law, in a uniform circular motion resultant of all the forces towards 2 mv’ centre must be equal to =~ 2 o Xai fa r where q, = charge of electron, q, = charge of nucleus, m = mass of electron, r = radius of Bohr’s orbit __2n’me*K? wh? z ‘ -13.6x eV/atom, z = where atomic number of single electron atoms/ion n -313.6 kcal mol = 2.18 x 10"! ergatom”! = -2.18 x 10°" J atom Energy Level Diagram : i) Orbit of lowest energy is placed at the bottom, and all other orbits are placed above this. ii) The gap between two orbits is proportional to the energy difference of the orbits. ev, nee, “1.51eV -3.4eV- -13.6eV. no2ev, net Energy level diagram of H-atom ee 2 © Radius of n® Bohr orbit, 4) =", —x2-=0529%™A =5, (2}ms 4ne’mK Zz z a. 1, = where radius of I Bohr orbit. 2ne?K xpn24sx0txEm/s=v(2)mis 2 a a % Velocity of electron in n! Bohr orbit, V, = = where velocity of electron in 1* Bohr orbit. 2 © Revolutions per sec -vam=ssx0'[5) 7 3 Time for one revolution = 2nr/v= sono) Energy difference between n, and n, energy level. 1 AE=E,, -E,, =e leviatom = es(4- 1 } ist nf on} where IE = ionization energy of single electron species. TARGET SERIES for Jr. ICON IC Students |>)} ae¢ Tonization energy = E_ ~Eg.s ~EgsiEos = Energy of electron in ground state. @ Total encrgy of electron in terms of kinetic energy (KE) and potential energy (PE) E, = KE+PE =-KE => Zz . Revolution per second £=6.57%10"° >; Time taken for one revolution t = 1.52 x 10" See @ Mass of electron at high speed, m, =——"= Z vi (Vic)? I. Spectral Lines = 1 Rydberg's Equation 5 of | w9128 CH For First line of a series ny =n, +1 aan line (series limit) means n, =e |, line means n, = n, + 1; also known as line of longest 2, shortest v, least E ae Hg line means n, = n, +2 When electrons de-excite from higher energy level (n) to ground state in atomic sample, then number of spectral lines observed in the spectrum= 20) When electrons de-excite from higher energy level (n,) to lower energy level (n,) in atomic sample, . s a =n +1) then number of spectral line observed in the spectrum= goat) When electron de-excites from higher energy level (n,) to lower energy level (n,) in isolated atom, then number of spectral line observed in the spectrum = (n, ~ n,). De-broglie Hypothesis : © All material particles posses wave character as well as particle character. ° 5}. Z?;Ry =109700cm"' = Rydberg Constant ooo Oe ° © 2=h/mv=b/p The circumference of the n® orbit is equal to ‘n’ times of wavelength of electron ie., 2mr, =nh. a4 ‘Number of waves = n = principal quantum number. a 126 Wavelength of electron (A) hare Wave nature of electron has been confirmed by Davison and Germer experiment. Heisenberg Uncertainty Principle yn and momentum According to this principle, “it is impossible to measure simultaneously the po: of a microscopic particle with absolute accuracy”. If one of them is measured with greater accuracy, the other becomes less accurate. h a © = AxApzh/4n (or) (Axa 2 Te (or) (axyaay2where Ax = Uncertainty 1, Ap = uncertainty in momentum ‘Av=Uncertainty in velocity, AX = Uncertainty in wavelength. m = mass of microscopic particle, = wavelength of microscopic particle In terms of uncertainty in energy AE , and uncertainty in time At , this principle is written as, snared, © Heisenberg replaced the concept of orbit by that of orbital. © Decreasing the wavelength of light used in experiment, decreases the uncertainty in position and increases the uncertainty in momentum. Schrodinger Equation : % Schrodinger equation is central equation of wave mechanics ay at according to following equation, oe oe ete La v)¥=0 \¥ =wave function= f(x, y, 2) ; E = Total energy of particle ; V = Potential energy of particle A solution to schrodinger equation leads to infinite solutions. Most of the solutions are not realistic (or acceptable). Only few solutions can be accepted. ‘© Each solution - (x,y,z) correspond to a definite energy state depends on quantum number n, J & m By proper mathematical manipulation the main equation is broken in two parts and solved Separately. @) Radial part contain only ‘r’ depends on quantum number n & 1. (ii) Angular part contain @and@, depends on quantum number | & m. Each contain all the information about that particular quantum state. % Atomic Orbital : This is a three dimensional space around the nucleus within which the probability of finding the electron is maximum Degenerate Orbitals: Orbitals with same value of n and / of same sub shell are degenerate orbitals. For Ex. 2Py, 2Pyy 2p ete, Radial Probability Density =4nr7R?(r) It is the probability of finding electron in the region between r and r + dr Radial Node : It is a zero electron density region R(t) = 0 or R (t) = 0 Nodal Point : It is a point (r = 0) where electron density is zero. Nodal Plane : It is a plane by which two lobes are separated and electron density is zero here. ‘Quantum Numbers : Four types of quantum numbers which are following : Principal quantum number (n) : It determines the size of an orbital. Each value of n represents a shell of orbital. Possible values of n = 1, 2, 3, 4, Azimuthal quantum number (J) : It determines shape of an orbital. Each value of / represents a subshell of an orbital. Possible values of ! = 0, 1, 2, ..n.. (n-1) Magnetic quantum number (m) : It decides orientation of orbital in space, Possible values of m =~ fy uu. —1, 0, +1 Total (21 + 1) values are possible. © Spin quantum number (s) : It is intrinsic property of any electron. The electron has two spin states. 1 i ed Possible values of s=+5.-3 TARGET SERIES for Jr. ICON IC Students |7)} ¥ 7 ° ¢ eo ooe °~~ Important Points on Quantum Number : ® Azimuthal quantum number and magnetic quantum number are related to orbital angy), momentum. While / gives the total angular momentum ‘m’ gives the Z-component of orbital meu h momentum. (L, =m5-) @ — The angle between Z-axis and the Z-component of angular momentum vector ( ) m Ox cos Yur | since me VIT+D, 50 0 #0. bh =3, V+ ° Orbital angular momentu Spin angular momentum = 3 (s+ + Spin Magnetic moment (1) = /n(n +2) B.M. ; n = number of unpaired electrons Spin Multiplicity = (2° S+1) ; S = Total Spin Maximum number of electrons in a shell = 2n? Maximum number of electrons in a subshell = 2 (21 + 1) Maximum number of electrons in an orbital = 2 Total number of orbitals in a subshell = 2/ + 1 Number of subshells in a shell =n Number of orbitals in a shell = n? Radial Nodes = (n - / - 1) Angular nodes = [ Total nodes = (n - 1) ‘Azimuthal quantum number_Q..1 2 3. 4 Name of sub-shell spdfg Pauli’s Exclusion Principle : No two electrons in an atom can have the same set of all the four quantum numbers, i.e. an orbital ‘cannot have more than 2 electrons because three quantum numbers (principal, azimuthal and magnetic) may be same but the fourth must be different, i.e., spins must be in opposite directions. Aufbau Principle : Electrons are filled in various sub shells in order of their increasing energies. An orbital of lowest energy is filled first. The sequence of orbitals in order of their increasing energy is : Is, 2s, 2p, 3s, 3p, 4s, 3d, 4p, 5s, 44, Sp, 6s, 4f, 5d, Op, 75, Sf, 6d, .... The energy of the orbitals is governed by (n + /) rule Hund’s Rule : No electron pairing takes place in the orbitals in a sub energy shell until each orbital is occupied by an electron with parallel spin. Exactly half filled and fully filled orbital make the atoms more stable, i.¢., oer p®, 43, d!, 7 and 4 configurations are more stable. TARGET SERIES for Jr. ICON IC Students a ", SOOTHE OH EHH Oo[OBJECTIVE CHEMISTRY IA & 1B) )}— t LEVEL-| a ai [ EXERCISE | (Theory Questions) Straight Objective Type Questions Fundamental particles 1. The value of e/m for an electron is 1) 1.78 x 108 e/g 2) 1.6724 x 10% cig 3) 0.005486 c/g 4) 1.00866 e/g 2. The nucleus of tritium consists of 1) I proton + 1 neutron 2) 1 proton + 3 neutrons 3) 1 proton + zero neutrons 4) 1 proton + 2 neutrons 3. Sodium ion is isoelectronic with the atom 1) Mgr 2) AP+ 3) Ne 4yNe 4. The charge of an electron is 1.6 x 10°! coulombs. What will be the value of charge on Na* ion 1) 16x 10°C 2)3.2% 109 C 3) 24x 10°C 4) 11x16 x10 C Nature of light, POT, PEE 5. In electromagnetic radiation, which of the following has greater wavelength than visible light? 1) U.V-rays 2) LR-rays 3) Gamma rays 4) X-rays 6. Which of the following radiation following has highest wave number? 1) Microwaves 2) X-rays 3) LR. - rays 4) Radiowaves 7. Three energy levels P. Q, R of a certain atom are such that Ey < Ey < E,.. It wave length of radiation corresponding to transition R —» Q; Q — P and R—» P respectively. The correct relationship between 2,, 4; and 2, is 1) y+%g=ay Bohar’s atomic model and 2, are the 3) dy = Jey 4) ete 8. The total energy of electron in an atom is a combination of potential energy (PE) and kinetic energy (KE). If total energy is -E for an electron in an atom, then its (K.E) and (P.E) respectively are 1) 2, -E 2) 28, E 3) B, -2E EE Hydrogen Spectrum, E of @, velocity of radius of nth orbit 9. Which of the following transistions in hydrogen atom will require the highest amount of energy Iyn=lton=2 2n=lton=3 3)n=2ton= 4)n=3ton= 10. In Bohr series of lines of hydrogen spectrum, the third line from the red end corresponds to which ‘one of the following inter - orbit jumps of the electron for Bohr orbits in an atom of hydrogen ? N342 2542 3431 4255 Debroglie theory 11. The de Broglie wavelength associated with a moving particle of fixed mass is inversely proportional to 1) Its kinetic energy 2) Square root of its kinetic energy 3) Square of its kinetic energy 4) Cube of its kinetic energy TARGET SERIES for Jr. ICON IC Students |) $s— eee ATOMIC STRUCTURE |"3} —_____fc[@gJECTIVE CHEMISTRY IA 4 12. The de Broglie wavelength of a particle with mass 1g and velocity 100 m/s is 1) 6.63 x 10° m 2) 6.63 x 104 m 3) 6.63 x 10° m 4) 6.63 x 10% m 13. The graph between momentum p and de-Broglic wavelength A of photon is ote. 14. If the wavelength of the electron is numerically equal to the distance travelled by it in one second, then bh h h fh A= aoe az A= » 1; Daas aya 4) £ 15. An electron of velocity *x’ is found to associate with a wave. The velocity to be possessed by the neutron to have half the de-Broglie wavelength possessed by electron is, x x x ) ie 2 Tao Don 4) 1840 x Quantum numbers 16. The impossible set of quantum numbers is 1)n=2,1=0,m=0,s=+12 2)n=2,1=1, m=0, 3)n=2,1=0,m=1,s=-1/2 4)n=3,/=1, m= s=-12 7. The two electrons occupying an orbital are distinguished by 1) Principal quantum number 2) Azimuthal quantum number 3) Magnetic quantum number 4) Spin quantum number ‘The number of sub levies in the quantum level n = 3 is D1 22 3)3 44 19. The number of different spatial arrangements for the orbital with | = 2 is 1 203 a5 47 Orbitals 20. Which one of the following expressions represent the electron probability function (D) 1) 4m dry? 2) 4ne dry 3) 4nr? dry? 4)4mr dry 21. The density of electron cloud of the orbital d,, in yz plane is 1) Zero 2) Maximum 3) Not determined 4) Infinite 22. The number of nodes and nodal planes in 4p orbital are respectively y21 212 32,3 4) 3,2 23. There is no difference between a 2p and a 3p orbital regarding 1) Value of n 2) Size 3) Energy 4) Shape - TARGET SERIES for Jr. ICON IC Students ~~wrElectronic configuration empty orbitals in a given sub-shell. This is 24. Electrons never pair, if there a 1) Aufbau principle 2) Pauli’s exclusion principle 3) Hund’s rule of maximum multiplicity 4) Heisenberg’s uncertainity principle 25. Nitrogen atom has 3 unpaired electrons in its ground state, It can be explained by 1) Auf bau principle 2) Pauli’s principle 3) Hund’s rule 4) All of these 26. In which of the following Aufbau principle is violated ? »\HERTH »hhrh » ia » GOELET 2s 2p 2p 2» e 2s 27. Which of the following has maximum unpaired d-electrons? 1) Zn* 2) Fe 3) Ni* 4) Cut 28. Which one of the following pairs of ions have the same electronic configuration 1) Ce, Fe 2) Fe™, Mn* 3) Fe, Co 4) Sc, Cr 29. Consider the following pairs of ions i) Se** and Tit ii) Mn*? and. iii) Fe"? and Co™ iv) Cut and Zn? Among these pairs of ions, isoelectronic pairs would include 1) ii, ii and iv 2)ii, iii and iv 3) i, ii and iv 4) i, ii and iii 30. The incorrect electronic arrangement is 1) 2, 8, 13,1 2) 2,8, 12,2 3) 2,881 4) 2, 8,82 Beer (Lectrure Sheet/Class work) Straight Objective Type Questions Nature of light, PQT, PEE 1. The ratio of energies of two photons of wavelengths 2000 and 4000 A°. isd Hast 31:2 4y2s4 ‘The wave length of light having wave number 4000 cm! is 1) 251m 2) 250m 3) 254m 4) 25m 3. The work function of a metal is 4.2 eV. If radiations of 2000A" fall on the n energy of the fastest photoelectron is 1) 16x 10-95 2)1.6 x 105 3) 64x 10°) 432x105 Bohar’s atomic model tal, then the kinetic 4. ‘The ratio of the radii of the first th orbits in an atom of hydrogen is DI 29:4 3)1:2:3 43:[ATOMIC STRUCTURE | Hydrogen Spectrum, E of @, velocity of @ radius of nth orbit [OBJECTIVE CHEMISTRY IA & ig) 5. The equation corresponding to the wave number of spectral lines in Pfund series is a ie 14 13 vale ale 7 . Le] - a[s # 6 Total number of spectral lines when electron jumps from 8" orbit to 2™ orbit 6 2) 36 3) 21 4) 38 7 An excited hydrogen atom emits a photon of wavelength 2 while returning to the ground state, yp R is the Rydberg’s constant, then the quantum number n of the excited state is aR DVR 2) VAR=1 3) Vainct 4) JAROR-1) §. The wavelength of the first member of the Balmer series in hydrogen spectrum is x A°.Then the wave length (in A°) of the first member of Lyman series in the same spectrum is vos ax 9 Ze ax 9. The minimum and maximum values of wavelength in the Lyman series of a H atom are, respectively 1) 364.3 nm and 653.4 nm 2) 91.2 nm and 121.5 nm 3) 41.2 nm and 102.6 nm 4) 9.12 nm and 121.5 nm Debroglie theory 10. A proton and an c-particle are accelerated through the same potential difference. The ratio of the de-Broglie wave length of proton and cx - particle is ae 3)2V2 42 1) V2 ) a ) i ) Be*? and a proton are accelerated by the same potenatial, their de-Broglie wavelengths have the ratio (assume mass of proton = mass of neutron) : W) 1:2 2) 4 3) Al 4) 2:1 12. A particle X moving with a certain velocity has a debroglie wave length of 1A, If particle Y has a mass of 25% that of X and velocity 75% that of X, debroglies wave length of Y will be H3A 2) 5.33 A 3) 6.88 A 4) 48 A 13. A cricket ball of mass 0.5kg is moving with a velocity of 100 ms, the wavelength associated with its motion is 1) 13.25 x 10m 2) 13.25 x 104m 3) 13.25 x 10m. 4) 6.6 x 104m 14. If the Planck’s constant h = 6.6 x 10 Js, the de-Broglie’s wave length of a particle having momentum of 3.3 x 10% kgs"! will be 1)2« 10m 21« 105m 3) 105m 4)4x 10 m 15. An electron of velocity ‘x’ is found to associate with a wave. The velocity to be possessed by the neutron to have half the de-Broglie wavelength possessed by clectron is x x x 1) 1840 v Taso 3) 0 4) 1840 x 12 BY ‘€€[ TARGET SERIES for Jr. ICON IC Students[OBJECTIVE CHEMISTRY IA & 1B))} _________—‘(/[ ATOMIC STRUCTURE Heisenberg uncertainity principle 16. An electron is allowed to move freely in a closed cubic box of length of side 10 em. The uncertainty in its velocity will be 1) 3.35 x 104m sec“! 2) $.8 x 104 msec! 3) 4 x 10°Sm sec 4) 4« 10% m sec" 17. A particle of mass one microgram is confined to move along one direction (x-axis) within a region 1 mm in extension. What is the uncertainity in its velocity? 1) 3.313 x 10 cm — 2) 5.012 x 10 cm! 3) 8.325 x 10 em! 4) 5.27 x 107! em! 18. The uncertainities in the velocities of two particles A and B are 0.05 and 0.02m.sec~! respectively The mass of B is five times to that of mass A. What is the ratio of uncertainities | positions 2 2) 0.25 3)4 41 19. The mass of a praticle is 10-g and its radius is 2 x 10+ cm. If its velocity is 10 cm sec“! with 0.0001% uncetrainty in measurement, the uncertainty in its position is: 1) 5.2 x 10-*m 2) 5.2 x 107m 3) 5.2 x 10¢m 4) 5.2 x 10m 20. Uncertainity in position of a minute particle of mass 25g in space is 10° m. What is the uncertainity in its velocity (in ms“) ? (h = 6.6 x 10-¥ Js) 1) 241 x 10 2) 0.5 x 19-4 3) 21 x 10% 4) 05 x 103 21. The uncertainity in momentum of an electron is 1 x 10° kg.nvs. The uncertainity in its position will be (h = 6.62 x 10 kg.m/s) 1) 1.05 x 108 m 2)1.05 x 10%m = 3) 5.27 x 10m 4) 5.27 x 1078 m Quantum numbers 22. Correct set of four quantum numbers for the valence electron of Rubidium (Z = 37) is 1) 5,0, 0, +172 25,1, 0, +172 35,11, 412 4) 6,0, 0, +12 23. For a particular value of azimuthal quantum number (1), the total number of magnetic quantum number values (m) is given by 2m+1 2+1 m+ m-1 = Die = . DES ) is de on=-F 24. If m and / are principle and azimuhtal quantum numbers respectively, then the expression for calcu- lating the total number of electrons in any energy level is ton tenet tn ten 1 D201+) 2D 201+1) 3) LQl+1) 4) ¥ 20141 i} iat i is 25. Which of the following sets of quantum numbers describes the electron which is removed most easily fom a potassium atom in its ground state ? 1 1 Dn=3l=1,m,=1,m,= -> 2)n=2,1= 1m, =0,m,= ~ 1 3)n=4,1=0,m,=1,m= +> 4)m24,120,m,=0,m,= +5(aromic StaucTURE |= {(°[QBJECTIVE CHEMISTRY 1A & jp Orbitals 26. The electro fied byn & 15 (i) n=4.1 = ida=4, P= Oi) N=3,0 = 20) M=3, 1, can be placed in order of increasing energy, from the lowest to highest as 1) Gv) < Gi) < Gi) < @ 2) (ii) < (iv) < @< Gili) 3) Gi) < (ili) < ii) < (iv) 4) (ii) < ( < (iv) < Gi) Numerical / Integer Type Questions The radius of first Bohr’s orbit for hydrogen 1s 0.53 A°, The radius of third Bohr’s orbit would be If each hydrogen atom in the ground state, 1.0 mole of H atoms are excited by absrobing photon, of energy 8.4 eV, 12.09 eVsand 15.0 eV of energy, then the number of spectral lines emitted jy equal to The engergy of separation of an electron in a Hydrogen like atom in excited state is 3.4 eV. The de-Broglie wave length (in A°) associated with the electron is __ At 200°C the velocity of hydrogen molecule is 2.0 x 10%em/sec. In this case, the de-Broglie wavelength is about A: ‘The de Broglie wavelength of neutron at 27°C is 4. The wavelength at 927°C will be 2 the value of xis__ ‘2. How many electrons maximum can have n + / = 4 in an atom. If magnetic quantum number of a given electron is represented -3, then what will be its principal {quantum number ? 34. The atomic number of an element ‘M’ is 26. How many electrons are present in the M-shell of the element in its M™ state ? For how many orbitals, the quantum numbers n= 3, / = 2, m= +2 are possible ? 36. ‘The number of waves make by a Bohr electron in an orbit of maximum magnetic quantum number 42is: 37. How many electrons in an atom with atomic number 105 can have (n + 1) = 8? 38. ‘The maximum number of electrons with s = +1/2 in an orbital for which J = 2 is __ If the value of principal quantum number is 3, the total possible values for magnetic quantum number will be 40. Principal quantum number of the shell to which the g-subshell first arise is 41. Number of photons of light with a wave length of 4000 pm necessary to provide one joule of energy approximately x x 10!6 Then x is 42. ‘The frequency of a radiation having a wave number of 2 x 10' cmc! will be x x 10% s*. Then the value of x is Photon having energy equivalent to the binding energy of 4th state of He* atom is used to eject ‘an electron from the metal surface of work function 1.4 eV. If electrons’are further accelerated through the potential difference of 4V then the minimum value of de~Broglie wavelength as- sociated with the electron[OBJECTIVE CHEMISTRY 1A & IB) nts 44. If uncertainty in position is 2°. Find uncertainty in measurement of de-Broglie wavelength (in A.) in.x The value of = 45. Number of possible spectral lines which may be emitted in Brackett series in H atom, if electrons Present in 9" excited level returns to ground level, are 46. In hydrogen atom the kinetic energy of electron is 3.4 eV. The distance of that electron from the nucleus in A° 47. The wavelength of a certain line in Balmer Series is observed to be 4329 A°. To what value of ‘n’ does this correspond ? (Ry = 109678 em!) (Z = 1) 48, The wavelength of m' line Balmer series for an orbital is 4103A°, What is the value of m ? 49, H-atoms in ground state (13.6 eV) are excited by monochromatic radiations of photon of energy 12.1 eV. Find the number of spectral lines emitted in H-atom. 50. The ratio of wave number of the limiting line of Lyman series to the limiting line of Balmar series in Hydrogen spectrums is __ Sees) (Practice Sheet / Homework) Straight Objective Type Questions Fundamental particles 1. The number of protons, electrons and neutrons in ,,Br° are respectively 1) 35, 35, 80 2) 35, 35, 45 3) 80, 80, 35 4) 45, 45, 35 Nature of light, POT, PEE 2. Which of the following properties of a wave is independent of the other? 1) Wave number 2) Wave length 3) Frequency 4) Amplitude 3. The energy of a photon is 3x10-!2 ergs. What is its wavelength in nm ? (h = 6.62 x 10? erg. sec: ¢ = 3x10"ems!) 1) 662 2) 1324 3) 66.2 4) 6.62 4. The wave length of light having wave number 4000 em! is 1) 2.5m 2) 250m 3) 254m. 4) 25mm, 5. Light of A = 310 nm is used in an experiment of photo electric effect with Li (W = 2.5eV). What is its stopiing potential 1osv 210V 3)20V 4 15V 6. The ratio of slopes of K,,,, ¥8. v and V, ¥s. v curves in the photoeléctric effect gives (1 Kya, = maximum kinetic energy, Vy = stopping potential) 1) charge of electron 2) planck’s constant 3) work function 4) the ratio of Plank’s constant to charge on ¢~ Bohar’s atomic model 7. According to Bohr’s theory, the angular momentum of electron in 5" orbit is bh ib iB, h 255 2) 25 2 2105 4105 TARGET SERIES for Jr. ICON IC Students {73} ‘eisne sec in 2% orbit of Be* 2) 2.13 x 10" 3) 1.23 x 10! 4) 2.68 x 10 An elect orbit of He* ion. To this if 12.1 eV of energy supplied. They ,, n6 28 3)4 4)2 In hydrogen atom snergy of electron is 3.4 eV. The distance of that electron from 1, 1 201A" 2) 0.529A° 3) 1.587A° 4) 21.16A° ‘0 atom is —328 kJ. mol, hence energy of fourth Boh, Th Bohr orbit of hydr obi 1) 41 id mor! 2) -82 KJ mol"! 3) -164 KJ mor! 4) -1312 kJ mol Hydrogen Spectrum. E of =, velocity of © radius of nth orbit 2. Veioc in the 1* Bohr orbit of H-atom is 1) 2.18 x 108 cm/sec 2) 2.18 x 108 m/sec 3) 2.18 x 10" cm/se 4) 36559 x 108 cm/sec ine of hydrogen with % = 4938A° belongs to the series 2) Balmer” 3) Paschen 4) Pfund | lines when electron jumps from 8" orbit to 2%! orbit 2) 36 321 4) 38 tron is present in the 4% energy level of H- atom. When the electron retums to sitions would be the possible 2) 492,291 4) All the above ey level diagram of an atom and the origin of six spectral lines in 14st 3) 4-93, 3-42, 21 indicates the € 5 arises from the transition from level B to A). Which of the following also occur in the absorption spectrum ? c 7B A as sa? a 1)4,5,6 2) 1, 2, 3, 4, 5,6 3) 1,.4,6 4)1,2,3 in the hydrogen emission th of the spectral line, for the transition n = 2 to n= Which of the following spectral line also has a wavelength of X 17. The wave! Spectrum is *X 1) “H," line in the Balmer series of spectrum of ‘H’ 2) "Hy" line in the Balmer series of spectrum of “H’ 3) “H" line in the Balmer series of spectrum of “He** 4) “Hp” line in the Balmer series of spectrum of “He**18 19. 21 22. 23 24. The ratio of the wave lengths of the first line in the Lyman series of the spectrum of Hydorgen atom and the first lne in the Balmer series of the spectrum of He* is 1) 2027 2) 27720 3) 2S 4) 5727 In Bohr series of lines of hydrogen spectrum, the third line from the red end corresponds to which ‘one of the following inter - orbit jumps of the electron for Bohr orbits in an atom of hydrogen ? 342 2542 341 4235 In a certain electronic transition frém the quantum level, ‘n’ to the ground state in atomic hydrogen in one or more steps. no line belonging to the Bracket series is observed. What wave numbers may ‘be observed in the Balmer series? (R = Rydberg Constant) 2 ee 3616 ‘The minimum and maximum values of wavelength in the Lyman series of 2 H atom are, respectively 1) 364.3 nm and 653.4 nm 2) 91.2 nm and 121.5 nm 3) 41.2 nm and 102.6 nm 4) 9.12 nm and 121.5 nm The ratio of wavelength values of series limit lines 14:9 29:4 32:3 4)3:2 The wavelength of the first member of the Balmer series in hydrogen spectrum is x A°.Then the wave length (in A®) of the first member of Lyman series in the same spectrum is, c=) of Balmer series and Paschen serie are nx ass 2 ax a a Us 36 A hydrogen sample is prepared in a particular excited state A. Photons of energy 2.55 eV/atom get absorbed into the sample to take some of the electrons to a further excited state B. Determine the number of photons when an electron in the higher excited state B returns to the ground state Dis 2) 10 36 43 Debroglie theory 25. 26. a5: 28 TARGET SERIES for Jr. ICON IC Students |} If 2, Ayand A are the wave lengths of electron in L, M, N energy levels of H-atom respectively What is their decreasing order: VD Ay > Ay ray 2) ay > hog > 3) Ay = Dy = dey 4) dy > hy ry The de Broglie wavelength associated with a moving particle of fixed mass is inversely proportional to 1) Its kinetic energy 2) Square root of its kinetic energy 3) Square of its kinetic energy 4) Cube of its kinetic energy The de Broglie wavelength of a particle with mass | g and velocity 100 mis is 1) 6.63 x 10 m 2)663x10™m —3)6.63x 10m 4) 6.63 x 10 m A cricket ball of mass 0.5kg is moving with a velocity of 100 m.s", the wavelength associated with its motion is 1) 13.25 x 10m 2913.25 x 10m 3) 13.25 x 10m 4). 6.6 x 10mATOMIC STRUCTURE | —_____ {7 [OBJECTIVE CHEMISTRY 1A 4, in to have the same de broglie wave length as that of a Deutron. its velocity shouig 2) 1/1836 3) 3672 4) 113672 Electronic configuration No two electrons in an orbital can have parallel spin. This statement emerges from 1) Hound's rule 2) Aufbau principle 3) Pauli’s exclusion principle 4) (n +) rule Numerical / Integer Type Questions Find the ratio of energy of a photon of 2000A° wavelength radiation to that of 4000A° radiation, ‘A light source of wavelength ) illuminates a metal and ejects photo-clectrons with (K.E)q., = ley a Another light source of wave length 5, ejects photo-electrons from same metal with (K.E),,, = fy the value of work function is 0.1x. Then the value.of x is __ <2 Assume that 2 x 10-'7 J of light energy is needed by the interior of the human eye to see an objeq, The number of photons of yellow light with 4= 595.2nm are needed to generate this minimum, energy is 12x. Then the value of x is __. 24. Number of photons of light with a wave length of 4000 pm necessary to provide one joule of energy approximately x x 10'6 Then x is 3S. The number of electrons with m = 0 in an atom with atomic number 33 is 5x. Then the value of x is _ 36. Find out the number of angular nodes in the orbital to which the last electron of Cr enter h 37 The orbital angular momentum of 3p electron is Viezq- Then the value of x is _. An ion Mn** has the magnetic moment equal to 4.9 BM. What is the value of a ? ‘A compound of vanadium has magnetic moment of 1.73 BM. It suggests the vanadium oxidation in the compound is +x. Then the value of x is _. lectron in the ground state for a single H — atom absorbs a photon of wavelength 97.28nm and teaches to maximum level ‘n’ then when it returns from this level to ground state. Maximum umbers of lines can be obtained in its spectrum? ‘A transition for H-atom from II to I orbit has same wavelength as from n™ orbit to 2% orbit for He* jon. The value of ‘n’ is 42. The wavelength of m' line Balmer series for an orbital is 4103A°. What is the value of m ? 4) The electron in Li? ions are excited from ground state by absorbing 8.4375 Ry, energy/electron. How many emission lines are expected during de-excitation of electrons to ground state ? 4 1 24 «63930 41 H)2 2s 2 -B)B_—-D_ 102 | 2 121 1393 14)115)3— 16)3.— 17/4 18)3_ 19)3_ 203. 22)1-23)4 = 24)3_—— 25) 27)2 _28)2 292 30)2|ECTIVE CHE A ATOMIC STRUCTURE ] )4 24 34 yt 54 3-738) -9)Z_ 10) 11)2 0 12)2 13/3 14)1-15)3.—s16)1.—«:17)4 = :18)1_ 19)1-20)3 21)3 22)1—23)2 2a) 25)4 —26)1 27) 28)3_-29)7 30) 1 31)2 82)8 = 33)4 3413 35)1-36)3_ 37) 17 38)1 39)9 40) 41)2 42)6 = 435 44)5—45)6 = 46)2««47)5 48)4 = 49)3 50) 4 N2 2)4 3)1 41 54 61 71 8)1 9)1 10)1 12° 121 132 14)3 1B 16)2_—« 174 :18)1 19) 20)3 21)2 22)1—-23)1 243 25)2-26)2 27/1 28)3_—-29)3-30)3 31)2 32)5—-33)5 34235) 36) 37)2_ 38) 39)4 40/4 41)2 42)4 ~—4g)3 . LEVEL-W (ADVANCED) Straight Objective Type Questions 1. An o.— particle having kinetic energy 5 MeV falls on a Cu-foil. The shortest distance from the nucleus of Cu to which o,~ particle reaches is (Atomic no. of Cu = 29, K = 9 x 10? Nm?/C?) a) 2.35 x 10-8 m b) 1.67 x 104m ¢) 5.98 x 10m, ) 1.67 x 10m 2. If the energy of H-atom in the ground state is -E, the velocity of photo-electron emitted when a photon having energy E, strikes a stationary Li ion in ground state, is given by: 5 v= {2 5 v= (2 4 v= =) y - fo ™ m ™ m 3. Asan electron is brought from an infinite distance close to nucleus of atom, the energy of electron a) Increases to a greater +ve value b) Decreases to a smaller +ve value ©) Increases to a smaller -ve value 4) Decreases to a greater —ve value 4, In electromagnetic radiation, which of the following has greater wavelength than visible light? a) U.V-rays b) LR-rays c) Gamma rays 4) X-rays 5. The increasing order of e/m values for electron, proton, neutron and alpha particle is a)e, p.m bape, a np, ae 4)n, a, pe 6. The e/m of proton is a) 1.78 x 108 cig b) 9.57 x 10 cfg ©) 19.14 x 10 cig d) 0.478 x 10 cg 7. The maximum number of electrons accommodated in Sf orbitals a5 b) 10 14 4) 18 8. Electrons never pair, if there are empty orbitals in a given sub-shell. This is a) Aufbau principle b) Pauli’s exclusion principle ©) Hund’s rule of maximum multiplicity 4) Heisenberg’s uncertainity principle [TARGET SERIES for Jr. ICON IC Students14 1s. a) KE. of photo-electron does not depend upon the wavelength of incident radiati 'b) Photoelectric current depends on intensity of incident ratiation and on frequency ¢) Stopping Potential depends on frequency of radiation and not on intensity d) photoelectric current increases when we use photons of high frequency ber of photons of light wave number ‘x’ in 10 J of energy source is: The ni he a) 10 hex io on a) “ If radius of second stationary orbit (in Bohr’s atom) is R. Then radius of third orbit will be a) RB b) RK oR d) 2.25R The radius of which of the following orbit is same as that of the first Bohr’s orbit of hydrogen atom? a) He* (n = 2) b) Li** (n = 2) ©) Li* (n= 3) 4) Be* (n = 2) The energy of an electron in the first Bohr orbit of H atom is -13.6 eV . The possible enérgy value of the excited state for electrons in Bohr orbits of hydrogen is: a) 34 eV b) 42 ev ©) 6.8 eV 4) +68eV Jonisation energy of He* is 19.6 x 10-'$J atom~!. The energy of the first stationary state of Li2* is a) - 4.41 x 10° Jatom™ b) - 4.41 x 1077 J.atom™! ¢) - 44.1 x 10716 J.atom”! d) - 8.72 x 10°" J.atom™ In an atom, two electrons move round the nucleus in circular orbits of radii R and 4R. The ratio of the time taken by them to complete one revolution is vis b)4:1 1:8 O81 More than One correct answer Type Questions Brenever a hydrogen atom emits a quantum in the visible region of Balmer series : ) it may emit another quantum in Balmer series again ») it must emit another quantum in ultraviolet region of Lyman series ) second quatum of wavelength 122nm will be emitted 4) second quantum will be emitted in Paschen series i.e., near infrared region False statement about the de-Broglie’s wavelength of an electron in the first Bohr's orbit is 2) equal to the circumference of the first orbit b) equal to twice the circumference of the first orbit ©) equal to half the circumference of the first orbit 4) equal to one fourth of the circumference of the first orbit Which is correct in case of p-orbitals ? 4) They are spherically symmetrical ») They have strong directional character ©) They are three fold degenerate orbitals ©) Their charge density along x, y and z-axes are zero. TARGET SERIES for Jr. ICON IC Students.(OBJECTIVE CHEMISTRY 1A & ig >>) _____<< ATOMIC STRUCTURE) 19 Choose the correct statement. 2) Splitting of spectral lines in magnetic field is due to presence of degenerate orbitals by Im the presence of electricfield, energy value of P,. P, & P, of same orbit are different ¢) Degenerate orbitals differs only in their orientation 4) degenerate orbitals have same shape, but different energy 26. Which of the following statements are not correct 4) The ionization energy of a hydrogen-like species in its ground state is equal to the magnitude of energy of the orbit having n = 1 b) The sonization energy of a hydrogen-like species in its ground state increases in proportion to the positive charge in its nucleus ¢) According to the uncertainty principle, ApAx Sh/4x 4) The energy of an electron in an orbital of a multielectron atom depends only on the principal quantum number n 21. The chlorine atom has a) 6 electrons with | = 0 b) 11 electrons with = 1 ¢) 5 orbitals with m = 0 4d) 2 orbitals with m = +1 22. Which of the following sets of quantum numbers represents the orbitals of same shape and orientation in external field. a)n=3,1=2,m=4l,s=412 oyn=4,/=2,m=41,s=-12 23. Choose the correct statement(s): 4) The shape of an atomic orbital depends upon azimuthal quantum number b) The orientation of an atomic orbital depends upon the magnetic quantum number ©) The energy of an electron in an atomic orbital of multi-elelctron atom depends on principal quantum number only 4d) The number of degenerate atomic orbitals of one type depends upon the value of azimuthal quantum number 24. Select the correct configurations among the following a) Cr(Z = 24) :[Arp3d°,4s! b) Cu(Z =29):[Arp3d, 4s! ¢) Pa(Z =46):[Kr}4d'®, 55° @) PUZ=78):[Xe}4d!4s? 25. Which of the following transitions are allowed in the normal electronic emission spectrum of an atom? a) 2s > Is b) 2p > Is ©) 3d + 2p d) Sd 2s 26. Which of the following are wrong ? a) de Broglie relation is applicable only to microscopic particles 'b) The uncertainities in measurements are due to the imperfections of the techniques used to mea- sure them. ‘c) The wave function y always has positive values. 4) There is some probability of finding the electron even outside the boundary of the orbital. 27. According to deBroglie a) a moving electron possess wave character) light posses particle character ¢) a moving proton posess wave character 4) all moving particles possess wave character iT IES for Jr. ICONIC j equeres ——{ [OBJECTIVE CHEMISTRY ia conditions the de Broglie wavelength of particle A will be less than qa ~ ” particle B (im, > my) ? a) Linear momentum of these particles are same b) Move with same speed c) Move with same kinetic energy 4) Have fallen through same height correct statements about the wave function W b) yw must be single values, continuous 29. Selec a) W must be real ©) Whas no physical significance d) w’ gives the probability of finding the electrons lity of finding an electron in the p, orbital is 30. The prol 2) zero at nucleus b) the same on all the sides around nucleus ¢) zero on the z-axis 4) maximum on the two opposite sides of the nucleus along the x-axis Linked Comprehension Type Questions Passage-I Excited atoms emit radiations consisting of only certain discrete frequencies or wavelengths. In spectroscopy it is often more convenient to use frequencies or wave numbers than wavelength because frequencies and wave numbers are proportional to energy and spectroscopy involves transitions between different energy levels. The line spectrum shown by a mono electronic excited 1 1 1 atom (a finger print of an atom) is called atomic specrum }=2°2 1-4] i 03 ‘The ratio of wavelength for II line of Balmer series and I line of Lyman series is B al by2 o)3 d4 42. The given diagram indicates the energy levels of certain atom. When an electron moves from 2E level to E level, a photon of wavelength 4 is emitted. The wavelength of photon emitted during its transition from 4E level to E level is 2 a 2 a a5 Dig = 4 ° o 43a E Passage-I : 2 : The only e~ in the H-atom resides under ordinary conditions on the first orbit when energy is supplied, the e-moves to higher energy shells depending upon the amount of energy absorbed. When an ¢~ emits energy i.c., the e~ returns to the lowest energy state, from this Lyman, Balmer, to different transitions of e~ s from higher to lower energy levels: 33. If the shortest wavelength of H atom in Lyman series x, then longest wavelength in Balmer series of He’ is Sx 9. a » = o> as al wOBJECTIVE CHEMISTRY IA & IBP3 ‘@[ ATOMIC STRUCTURE 34. The ratio of number of spectral lines obtained when an e~ jumps from 7* to ground to 6" to 3 a7 b) 3.5 ©) 10 4) 25 Matrix Matching Type Questions 35. Column- Column-It A) Orbital angular momentum of the P) Principal quantum number electron in a hydrogen-like atomic orbital B) A hydrogen-like one-electron wave Q Azimuthal quantum number function obeying Pauli’s principle. ©) Shape, size and orientation of hydrogen- _R) Magnetic quantum number like atomic orbitals. D) Probability density of electron at the S) Electron spin quantum number nucleus in hydrogen-like atom 36. Columan-1 Column-Il 4noR? A) 4s P) Distance from nucleus 4meR? B) 3p Q Distance from nucleus ©) 3d R) * Distance from nucleus D) 2p s) fl Distance from nucleus Integer Type Questions 37. Photon having energy equivalent to the binding energy of 4th state of He* atom is used to eject an electron from the metal surface of work function 1.4 eV. If electrons are further accelerated through the potential difference of 4V then the minimum value of De-broglic wavelength associated with the electron is : 38, Principal quantum number of the shell to which the g-subshell first arise is. ‘TARGET_______ [OBSECTIVE CHEMISTRY Ry Spin multiplicity of p-subshell with configuration [{[1]1] is When 4f level is completely filled with electrons, the next electron will enter into a subshell who, (n + 1) is equal to — ‘The maximum number of electrons that can have principal quantum number, n= 3 and spin quay, tum number m, = - 1/2 is ___. The number of waves make by a Bohr electron in an orbit of maximum magnetic quantum num, The number of electrons with m = 0 in an atom with atomic number 33 is 5x. Then the value of x is Find out the number of angular nodes in the orbital to which the last electron of Cr enter h ‘The orbital angular momentum of 3p electron is Vx >. Then the value of x is ‘An ion Mn** has the magnetic moment equal to 4.9 BM. What is the value of a ? A compound of vanadium has magnetic moment of 1.73 BM. It suggests the vanadium oxidation state in the compound is +x. Then the value of x is __ ‘The velocity of an electron in a certain Bohr’s orbit of H-atom bears the ratio 1 : 275 to the velocity of light. Then find the quantum number (n) of the orbit ? When an electron is transisted from 2E to E energy level, the wavelength of resultant photon 4 produced is 2. If electronic transition involves = E to E level, the wavelength of resultant photon is ‘The correct relation between A, & A, is 4, =xA,. Then find the value of x 7 , are Bohr radius for hydrogen atom in n®, (n -1)" and (n+1)® hy iso Given r,,, Digy WHEE Fay Fy 1s Toy shell respectively. Calculate the value of n. How many Balmer lines in the spectrum will be observed when electrons return from 7 shell to 2% shell ? H-atoms in ground state (13.6 eV) are excited by monochromatic radiations of photon of energy 12.1 eV. Find the number of spectral lines emitted in H-atom. At 200°C the velocity of hydrogen molecule is 2.0 x 10°cm/sec. In this case, the de-Broglie wavelength is about A: a The de Broglie wavelength of neutron at 27°C is 2. The wavelength at 927°C will be the value of xis 55. If uncertainty in position is BA. Find uncertainty in measurement of de-Broglie wavelength (in A ) i is x. The value of 5 = If the electron in hydrogen atom jumps from the third orbit to second orbit, the wavelength of the 53 54 56 6 ‘emitted radiation is given by ra, ‘The value of x is 57. If each hydrogen atom in the ground state, 1.0 mole of H atoms are excited by absrobing photons of energy 8.4 eV, 12.09 eV and 15.0 eV of energy, then the number of spectral lines emitted is equal to TARGET SERIES for Jr. ICON IC Students Sein c ssee iy OBJECTIVE CHEMISTRY IA & 1B))) ——{([ ATOMIC STRUCTURE yb 2c¢ 3d 4b sd 6b He se Ma 10)e "N)d_ 12)d 13) 14) 15)¢ 16) be 17) bed 18)be 19) abe 20) bed 30)abed31)d 32) 4 33)¢ 34)b 35) A-Q; B-PQRS; C-PQR; D-PQR 36) A-Q}B-R;C-S;D-P 37)5 3895 © 39)4 «40)7««41)9- 42)3_— 43) 44)2 45)246)3 47a 48)2 49)3 50)2 51)5 52)3_ 53) 1 S42 55)4 56)5 57)3 666 21) abed22) ac 23) abd 24) abe 25) abcd 26) abe 27)acd 28)bd 29) abedLEVEL-I (MAIN) Straight Objective Type Questions ©. 1.6x10-? 1 = ofe=—*0_ . a o1x10™% 1.78 x 10° cfg 2. HP n(p) = 1, n(n) = 3-1 = Mg”, Al?, N° are iso electronic ions Nat has +1 unit charge = 1 Faraday = 16x 10°C cosmic, , X, UV, visible, LR ELAT 7. Eq-EQ) + Eg-Ep) = Eg Eph: 5, 8. T=-KE, TE = 1/2 PE 9. Excitation gap is more for 12 10. Red end line =» longer wave length line 1 Nee ae Me VKE h _ 66x10 mv 10° x100 12, 4= =6.6x10°%m 13. 14, 15. 16. 1 = 0, m= 1 (impossible) 1 17. m,=t> m=+5 18. n® shell contain n subshells 19, m,=-It0 1 = -2,-1, 0, +1, +2 20. Probability of electron is given by 4nr*drg? 21. For dxy, yz & 2x are nodel planes [TARGET SERIES for Jr. ICON IC Students) nodal planes = /; nodes = n for 4p orbital. n = 4; 1 = 1 Fe (Z = 26) [Ar}3d° Mn?* (Z = 25) [Ar]3d° Hunds’ rule definition Degenerate orbitals are filled with 1 e~ each. Lowest Energy orbitals will be filled first Fe (Z = 26) [Ar]3d° n= 4 Fe™ (Z = 26) [Ar]3d° Mn (Z = 25) [Ar}3d° |. Iso electronic pairs have same no. of electrons. 2, 8, 13, 1 is for Cr KE = (Energy of radiation — Work function) c =(hx£-42 (oxg ) _(6:6x10™Isx3%10%m_ “( 2000x10°°m J-aanamsion = (9.9 x 10-19D) = (6.7 x 10-199) = 3.2x10-I pity = 1:49 3‘Ur. ICON IC OBJECTIVE SOLUTIONS h V2 17, AxxAV27— 7. 4 18, Ax,.m,.Av, = AXp.Mg-AVp Ax, _ myAV, Bx, -m,-AV, = . aaa) ao @F 19, Axmav2— 4n a 1 1 h For Balmer series, 0, = R} —--—— = : ( oO a) 20. AV = Fmd bh 9. for Lyman series, RS aaaeAY = oe 10. A= : 23. m=2+1 se 24, Total number of electrons in any energy ley = fas h lent a Px2xVxm, = dais Prone = ¥ 20+» bh rod [aixvxn, 25. etre e ie, 4s!=n = 4,1 = 0, my h pa 26. 4p, 4s, 34, 3p ; (+) V2x1xXVXI : Numerical / Integer Type Questions te |B en . Rac? Xe 27 17 -(.529)A"= 0.529 x 32 = 4.77 40 oe 28. By absorbing 8.4ev not excited. 1s By absorbing 15eV, it is ionised. So, only Rene possible is 12.09 eV. va 2, my, AE =~13.6+12.09=-15eV ; ie,n=3 mY, _16 29. 34eV =E., =" @25m,) 075 v,) 3 2ne ‘ ay = 5.33A. =Z= l= h=—~=6.668' 4 27 1B. aee - SOx =13.25x10%m Sex" * 30. Sug 2x10" a x 14, hate SOx oo 107m p 33x10 7 hf [i300 _ de _m,Vn “dh, YT V300 15. aa” ave m,Ve 32. n4[=4; 4s=92e"; 3p 960", total = 8e~ 16. dxmavy > 33. m,=-3, then /=3,n=4 4 y 34. M(z = 26) = 1s?2s?2pS3s?3p%4s?3d6 : TARGET SERIES for Jr. ICON IC Students . oeoe (CHEMISTRY fi ig t{ar, ICON IC OBJECTIVE SOLUTIONS: 48. 35, = 3; 1 = 2 represents 3d subshell, m = +2 represents one particular orbital of this subshell. 36. Magnetic quantum number +2 is present in 3d orbital, orbit = 3, waves = 3 37. Sf", 6d? = 17e- Sts (n+D=5+358 6d) = (n+) =6+2=8 38. Any orbital can accommodate 2 e only 39. n'™ shell contain n? orbitals 40. 5 he 41. B=n~; - = 96.625 x10 x3 x 108 4x10 42. v=c¥=(3x10!) (2x 10") = 6x10! 1 =n = 2x10! 1362? _ 13.6(Z)" _ v Ge 4-14=2eV 43, Total energy = 34eV Now KI Now, Total energy = 2+ 4=6 eV 2 h_h Gn ak ae wtss 5 45. No. of Spectral lines = An Yi- No. of lines in Brackett series = 6 46. 3.4 eV is KE. e- in 2" orbit 4(0.529) A? = 2.116 A® L -n2'|5 4] my M3 1 | 1 | ——1 = 1.09678 x10°| —- > J20x10* c ny =5 TARGET SERIES for Jr. ICON IC Students 9+84+746454+4434241 47. Pie 49. 50. For the 4! spectral line of Balmer series in H- spectrum, the wave length is 4103A°. 3.6 + 12.1 Straight Objective Type Questions 5 = n(e) n(n =45 2,v,v are internal dependant 6.625107” x3x108 x = 3x10 = nm) (in eV) 1240, —=4eV ,E=W+eV, -WyeV,= 425 eV) = 15 eV; Vy=15V 8, lem vs Ratio of sk am ere armat charge on e 6.6510") Hz a n’ for Het (Z = 2); + E=-13.6eV ‘Supplied energy = 12.1 eV AE = -13.6 + 12.1 1.5 eV (ie., energy of 6" orbit)ICON IC OBJECTIVE SOLUTIONS) CHi c orbit 17. 4(0.529) A° = 2.116 AP a E=~1312 kJ/mole v=2(218%10%cm/s); n= 1 n 4938A0 visible region (Balmer) ain+) All de-excitations possible from 4" orbit. where n is difference of 2 orbits Similar transitions can be caused by similar photons Resse? : 2f 1 1 a ne gy? { (ae a) Red end line => longer wave length line No line in brackett series = n, #4 and n,< 4. ] for Lyman series. ven{ 1, =2 for Balmer series and n, = 3 for paschen series. 29. 30. aI: 32. 33. 34, af. 36. a. TARGET SERIES for 66x10 m x 100 h__ 66x10" =e = 28x 2 13.25x10% mq | 0.5100 lee al Paulis’ principle statement Numerical / Integer Type Questions att 1. Bok _ 400 EaPieBas + giag=s-2 =1+6, (DS axie=449...0) ihe a On =n = 60= 12x = 60x =5 x6.625x10™* x3x 108 4x10? =n = 2x10'6 Configuration (Z = 33) = 1s? 2s? 2p® 3s? 3p 4s? 3d! 4p? Each subshell has one orbital with m = 0 ++ No.of electrons = 2x 7 +1 = 15- Cr = [Ar]3d°%4s!, ‘The last electron of Cr enters the 3d-subshell ©. No. of angular nodes; ! = 2 Orbital angular momentum =y¥ fade 1 for p-orbital. ICON IC Students- » [enEMisTAY}i#———____ aj ICON IC OBJECTIVE SOLUTIONS 38, + Magnetic momen Vnin +2) =49B.M. 2 m= 4 (where 1 is no. of unpaired electron) Thus Mn** ion has four unpaired electron, osMa™: 1872s?2p939?3p'3dt a=3 39, Magnetic moment = Jinfn+3) = 1.73 : Electronic configuration of V(23) = Is? 2s? 2p® 38? 3p? 3d* 452, As one unpaired electron is present in vana- dium V°*, so the correct oxidation state is +4. 40. Electron will reach n = 4, so the maximum possible transitions for single electron are 4 an. 478 42. For the 4" spectral line of Balmer series in H- spectrum, the wave length is 4103A° 43. 3-n,2'[ 5-4] and E=hev LEVEL-Il (ADVANCED) Straight Objective Type Questions Ze20 r 9x10? x29 x2x (1.6 x10")? 5x1.6x10"? x10° 9x10? x29x2x1.6x10"” 5x 10° = 1.67 x 104m 2. Work function for Li?* = 9E. 3. Ase approaching towards nucleus its energy decrease and become more negative because of attractions. 4. cosmic, y, X, UY, visible, LR Elat TARGET SERIES for Jr. ICON IC Students — 5. elm of neutron is 0 e/m of alpha is 2/4 times of proton e/m of electron is highest as mass is low 6x10" © _ 16x10 9.57 x 10" og m= 1.67x10" f orbitals are 7 Hunds’ rule definition 9. KE=h(v~v,) ; KEa(v~ v9) 1 we know rat “KEa ©. KE dependent on 10. (oe = =r 2s10= nhevorn= 22. = 10. hev hex uN 12, 2 13, E=-—(13.6eV)/atom n 14, 15, PE=-2x KE; TE =-KE More than One correct answer Type Questions 16, Second quantum will be in Lyman series because from 2 shell the electron will fall to first shell or ground state. [Fal = 122x107em=122am After coming to 2" orbit then electron can go 1* oribt, So lyman series is possible. 17. The correct statement is - the de-Broglic wavelength of an electron in the first Bohr orbit is equal to the circumference of the first orbit 18. b & c are correct statements. © prorbitals have strong directional character © They are three fold degenerate orbitals. 47][Jr ICON IC OBJECTIVE SOLUTION LUTIONS} 19. a, b. © are correct statements 20. a) For tonization, ny ==. Hence AE = RiI/nj) b) The tonization energy increases in propor- tion to the square of positive charge in the nucleus as is evident from the expression ‘a oF ss aienamae —— 80d AE pais =R ©) The correct expression is ApAx 2 h/4n 4) For a multi-electron atom, the energy of an orbital depends on both principal and azi- muthal quantum numbers. The larger the value of n + J, larger the energy. For the same value of n + J, larger the value of n, larger the energy 21. Chlorine (Z = 17) E.c = 1s?2s?2p°3s?3p5; For ‘se 1=0 For ‘p’ e°, m values are +1, 0, -1 22. The sets of quantum numbers represents the orbitals of same shape and orientation in external field are n= 3; 1=2; m= 41; s=+12, n=4,/=2; m=41;s=-12 23. The energy of an electron in multi-electron atom depends on n & 1 24. PuZ = 78) ; Valence E.C. = Sd%s! 25. All electronic transition are possible 26. a) is wrong because de Broglie relation is applicable to all moving particles though it has significance only for microscopic particles. b) is wrong because the uncertainities in measurement are not due to the measuring device used. ©) is wrong because Y may be positive or negative values. 27. According to de-Broglie ea moving electron possess wave character. ‘¢.2 moving proton posess wave character ‘all moving particles possess wave charcter mv for same speed, 2, <)g because m, >mg- 29. Wives amplitude of electron wave. YW has eigen values. y gives probability of electron 31 a2: 33 34 35. 36. 37. wy gn the two opposite sides of the ng. the x-axis Linked Comprehension Type Q, For II line of Balmer : n, 1 t= Ryx he ne For I line of Balmer : n, = 1, 2, 1 ee =—=R ae a7 #| hy =2E-E he he —- Aa. Caine. E=32 4 Ratio of number of spectral lines 70-1) a) Orbital angular momentum A b) An electron in an orbital is “etned by using four quantum numbers a, J, m, s. ¢) Size of atomic orbital depends upon prin- cipal quantum number (n), shape upon azimuthal quantum number (1) and orien- tation upon magnetic quantum number (1). 4) Probability density of electron at the nucleus in H-like atom depends upon square wave function which depends upon three quantum numbers n, J and m. Refer probability diagrams. Integer Type Questions 2 2 Tol atesy fz 13.6(2) n ay Now KE. =34-14=2eV Now, Total energy = 2+ 4=6 eV =34eV ll | [TARGET SERIES for Jr. ICON IC Students oieeeneanl(CHEMISTRY 38. 39. 40. Al. 42, 43. 44, 45. 46. 47. 48. TARGET SERIES for Jr. ICON IC Students i.e. potential For electron | 5 ds 4122x3414 a 2 The next electron will enter into Sd subshell whose (n + 1) will be equal to 7 (seven). Total number of electrons with (n= 3) = 2n?= 18 ‘Out of these 18 electrons, 9 electrons will have anticlockwise spin (m, = For m, = +2 (maximum), ! = 2 and n= 3 Number of waves in a shell = n = 3. Configuration (Z = 33) = 1s? 2s? 2p® 3s? 3p® 482 34" 4p? Each subshell has one orbital with m = 0 + No.of electrons = 2x 7+1 = 15 Cr = [Ar3d%4s!. The last electron of Cr enters the 3d-subshell + No. of angular nodes; ! = 2 Orbital angular momentum = Wie 1 = 1 for p-orbital. +:Magnetic moment = Jn(n +2) =4.9B.M. . n= 4 (where n is no. of unpaired electron) Thus Mn** ion has four unpaired electron, asMn**: 18?2s?2p63s?3p03d* “a = 3 Magnetic moment = Jn(n+2)=1.73 :n=1 Electronic configuration of V(23) = 1s? 2s? 2p6 3s? 3p® 3d? 4s?, {As one unpaired electron is present in vana- dium V", so the correct oxidation state is +4, Velocity of electron = 7 Velocity of light 1,09 x 10*em/see , 2ne? n= oh Vv, xh ¥ Jr. ICON IC OBJECTIVE SOLUTIONS| 2x 3.14 x (4.803 10-1)? 1 09x10" x6.625x 107” 49. 50. 51. = no of spectral lines due to transition from 7137225 -13.6 + 12.1 = -1.5eV Sr a a(n 1) Spectral lines emitted = > h 66x10" 53. Ae = 10cm = 14" 55 X2K 10° 6x10 54. 55 56. 57. By absorbing 8.4ev not excited. By absorbing 15eV, it is ionised. So, only possible is 12.09 eV, AE = -13.6+ 12.09 = -1.5eV jen RG at]