Acknowledgements

Advisory
Smt. Nidhi Chhibber
(IAS), Chairperson, Central Board of Secondary Education, Delhi

Dr. Biswajit Saha

Director (Skill Education), Central Board of Secondary Education, Delhi

Dr. Joseph Emmanuel

Director (Academics), Central Board of Secondary Education, Delhi

Coordinator & Curator:

Shri. R. P. Singh
Joint Secretary (Skill Education), Central Board of Secondary Education, Delhi

Smt. Niti Shanker Sharma

Deputy Secretary (Skill Education), Central Board of Secondary Education, Delhi

Shri. Sandeep Sethi

Coordinator, Princess Diya Kumari Foundation

Content Development Committee:

Mr. Stephen Marazzi

Layout and Design:

Mr. Stephen Marazzi
Ms. Jayalakshmi
 FOREWORD

With an aim to overcome the social status hierarchy associated with

Skill(Vocational) Education, the NEP 2020 has recommended integration of Skill
Education Programme in mainstream education in all the educational institutions
and exposing students at early ages to quality Skill Education through the middle
and secondary school and smooth integration into higher education/vocation.

The world of academia has an important responsibility to meet the requirements

of the practical world and prepare students with the knowledge and skills that
they require to adapt to the new world order. In this direction, it is prudent to
expose them to such concepts early on their educational journey.

This handbook on ‘Mask Making’ is a step in this direction. This Mask Making
manual aims to introduce students about masks of different states through hands-
on activities.

We would like to congratulate Ms. Mallika Preman (Principal, Tagore International

School, East of Kailash), for her constant support to accomplish the project
successfully. We would also like to thank all members of team who worked towards
completion of this manual.

Due care has been taken to keep the book content simple and easy to understand.
The progression of topics too is carefully designed as it transitions from the most
fundamental concepts of Mask Making in a guided manner.

We sincerely hope that the handbook is well received by the students, and they
can leverage the learnings provided therein. Any suggestions for the improvement
of the book are welcome.
Index
MASK Making – for Grade 6 Page

Preface 6
Important Notes for Teacher 7
Map of India 8

Topic 1- (A) What are Masks? Why are they so important? 9

(B) Fun with Faces.
Topic 2- (C) Man, Masks and Many Moods. Countries and their Mask traditions. 11
(D) Drawing a basic Mask face.
Topic 3- (A) Masks in India. States. Why do we need to preserve these traditions? 13
(B) Drawing basic shapes for Mask designs.
Topic 4- (C) Sikkim 15
(D) Making Mask 1: Woman.
Topic 5- (E) Kerala 17
(F) Making Mask 2: Animal – Monkey
Topic 6- (G) West Bengal 19
(H) Making Mask 3: Man
Topic 7- (A) Uttar Pradesh 21
(B) Making Mask 4: Animal – Tiger
Topic 8- Mini Exhibition-cum-sale 23
Puzzle Page 24

Topic 9- (A) Gujarat 25

(B) Making Mask 5: Woman
Topic 10- (C) Tamil Nadu 27
(D) Making Mask 6: Animal – Bull
Topic 11- (E) Assam 29
(F) Making Mask 7: Man
Topic 12- (G) Odisha 31
(H) Making Mask 8: Animal – Elephant
Topic 13- (I) Himachal Pradesh 33
(J) Making Mask 9: Woman
Topic 14- (K) Jharkhand 34
(L) Making Mask 10: Animal – Lion
Topic 15- (A) Telengana 37
(B) Making Mask 11: Man
Topic 16- Gala Year-end Exhibition-cum-sale . 39
References 40
Glossary 41
Mask making/Gr.6 Pg. 7

I m p o r t a n t N o t e s f o r Te a c h e r s

This course is made for you and your students to enjoy.

1. It is assumed that the class would be held for a total duration of 60 minutes,
hence,teachers, may kindly follow the suggested timings for each section
(mentioned in brackets), to help complete class work.
2. Sections ‘(A) READ, UNDERSTAND AND DISCUSS’ and ‘(B) PRACTICAL WORK ’ are to be
attempted in that order and completed in class. However, in cases where some
students are unable to complete their work under Section (B), for valid reasons, (and in
order to stay within the suggested time-frame), the teacher may allow them to
complete it as home work.
3. Teachers are requested to kindly read each chapter thoroughly, before introducing it to
the class, so they may be well-prepared to guide students and reply to their queries,
particularly in the case of section (B) PRACTICAL WORK.
4. Information about various states of India, appearing under section (A), is very basic.
If students are keen to know more, Teachers may encourage them to explore further
on their own, while guiding their searches through websites and books which may be
available to them.
5. To help students expand their vocabulary with clear understanding of the language,
certain words have been highlighted in blue in the text. Simple explanations for each
have been given, chapter-wise, in the Glossary on pages 34 to 36. Please help them
use this aid well.
6. In order that more students are able to participate, chapter-wise masks through each
term, are kept simple, mainly focused on mastering basic drawing and colouring
techniques. Cutouts and finishing of basic masks shapes, without too much relief or
add-ons, are done at the end of each term.
7. Students must be frequently reminded to correctly label every mask they make, as
shown on page 15, Chapter 7, Section B, box marked “Label”. If done regularly,
thiswill greatly help in collating end-of-term details.
8. At the end of each class, under the heading, ‘Teachers closing remarks / instructions
tostudents’, Teachers may lightly quiz them on material included in Sections (A) of
each chapter, or, include few, simple points of their own, based on needs they
observe. Thisis in addition to points already given in a few instances.
9. This manual is designed with the specific intent of ‘learning through exploration and
discovery, without the pressure of tests, in order that students enjoy the benefits of
learning with maximum enjoyment. The curriculum has, for this reason, been designed
with a greater emphasis on practical work done by students themselves. No marks or
penalties have been envisaged for right or wrong outcomes, only the extent of
students’application matters. Hence, teachers must help students stay on track with
the practicalwork under section (B) of chapters, in order to achieve a reasonable
outcome. Teachers may thus, help them with their own ideas to further simplify
procedures or use alternative, locally available materials.

TEACHERS MAY USE THEIR DISCREATION ON HOW BEST TO HELP STUDENTS GET THEIR WORK DONE. REQUIREMENTS ARE
KEPT SAFE, SIMPLE, WITH EASILY OBTAINABLE WORK MATERIALS, TO SUIT BOTH ONLINE OR OFFLINE CLASSES.
Mask making/Gr.6 Pg. 8

MAP OF INDIA
Mask making/Gr.6 Pg. 9

TERM I

Chapter 1:

WHAT ARE MASKS?

WHY ARE THEY SO IMPORTANT ?

🞑Learning Objectives
(A) To learn what Masks are, and, why they are important to tribal people.
(B) To learn where ideas for masks could have come from and why.

( A ) READ, UNDERSTAND, DISCUSS (20 minutes)

What are Masks?

● They are anything that can be worn to partly or fully hide or protect the face of the
wearer, with our without a costume.
● They can be made from materials such as paper, cloth, grass, fibres, leaves, and
wood.
● They are used in cultural and religious ceremonies and festivals in dances, music,
theatre and storytelling, largely among tribal groups of people.
● Please note, the masks we will be learning about here are those that have been used
for many years by tribal groups in India and different countries of the world, as part
of rituals and festive celebrations. They are different to the medical masks used for
Health purposes today.

Why are Masks important?

● Different tribal groups have their own distinct cultures and hence, their own distinct
designs and styles of masks.
● This gives them a sense of pride and belonging to, their own groups.
● Masks help them feel safe and protected from harm.
● Being simple people, unable to read and write, masks, with their different shapes,
colours and designs, enable them to express themselves.
Mask making/Gr.6 Pg. 10

(B) LOOK, DRAW, MAKE (30 minutes)

FUN WITH FACES

Making Faces
● Students look straight ahead at Teacher.
● From the following list Teacher writes a word on a paper/card and shows
students, or calls it out aloud. (*Words: HAPPY, SAD, ANGRY, CONFUSED,
FRIGHTENED, CUNNING.)
● Facing front, students make a face, with expressions that match the word the
Teacher has just given. They hold the expression for about 15 seconds, so that each
one’s effort can be observed.

● They break the expression and may make brief comments.

● Teacher then writes / calls out the next word, and so on.

Drawing Faces
● (Requirements: Drawing sheet, pencil, eraser, felt pens/marker.)
● Teacher writes a word on a paper/card and shows students, or, calls it out
aloud, from the list of *words on previous page.
● This time round, students draw on paper, a simple face with expressions that
match the given word.
● They hold up their completed drawing for all to see and comment.

➹Learning Outcomes
(A) Understanding what Masks are, and their importance to tribal folk.
(B) Realizing that facial expressions are what we copy on to Masks.

Teacher’s closing remarks / Instructions to students: (10 Minutes)

- Ensure good attendance
- Work materials students must keep ready:

- Folder for Masks/Drawings - 12” ruler - Pair of paper scissors

- colour pencils - Old newspapers
- Drawing book
- Colour crayons - Cloth rag
- Rough note book - Paper glue/fevicol
- Colour felt pens
- Pencil, eraser, sharpener
Mask making/Gr.6 Pg. 11

Chapter 2:
MAN, MASKS AND MANY MOODS

□ Learning Objectives
(A) To learn how mask traditions of many countries can be quite similar, yet different.
(B) To learn how to draw a simple Mask design from a given picture.

(A) READ, UNDERSTAND, DISCUSS (20 minutes)

Some countries are well known for their Mask traditions

Many countries of the world are known to have very old Mask traditions, which are still alive
today, in the most beautiful range of shapes, colours and designs, especially among their tribal
people. Given below are drawings of just some of them. Look carefully and note how different
shapes, designs and colours are used to create them.

Similarities:
In all places, for most tribal people, who were unable to read and write like the city folk, masks
helped them feel secure and enabled them express themselves. They believed that through
masks, the gods and spirits came down to Earth and blessed them and protected him from
harm. Hence, for centuries, masks have been an important part of most rituals, ceremonies and
festivals.

Differences:
People in different places also used masks for very different reasons. Some used them for
joyous occasions like celebrating good harvests; some for occasions like remembering the
spirits of their ancestors, or praying for protection against sickness or bad weather. Some, to
tell stories and remember noble deeds, some to keep away evil spirits.

(B) LOOK, DRAW, MAKE (30 minutes)

MASK OF MY CHOICE
⚫ Look at the following mask drawings. Note their shapes, colours and designs.
⚫ Select any one, and try and make a simple copy of it on your drawing sheet.
● Colour it using colour pencils/ crayons/felt pens.
⚫ Hold it up for all to see. What do you think of drawings made by others?
Mask making/Gr.6 Pg. 12

AFRICA 1 AFRICA 2 AUSTRALIA 1 AUSTRALIA 2

INDIA 1 INDIA 2 NORTH AMERICA 1 NORTH AMERICA 2

CHINA 1 CHINA 2 SOUTH AMERICA 1 SOUTH AMERICA 2

FILIPINO EGYPT KOREA VENICE

⚫Click a picture of your completed drawing and send it to your teacher, with the
following Caption: - 1. MASK OF MY CHOICE No. …
- 2. Your Name, Class and Section
- 3. Date: Date/Month/Year

➹Learning Outcomes
(A) Knowing how masks can be similar in some ways and different.
(B) Knowing how to copy a simple Mask design from a given picture.

Teacher’s closing remarks / Instructions to students: (5 Minutes)

Mask making/Gr.6 Pg. 13

Chapter 3:
MASKS IN INDIA

□ Learning Objectives
(A) To learning which places in India have rich Mask traditions, and their importance.
(B) To learn how to draw basic shapes to be used in Mask designs.

( A ) READ, UNDERSTAND, DISCUSS (20 minutes)

⚫ Here are some places in India which have rich Mask traditions:
Assam – (Majuli, Mukhas tribal folktales)
Maharasthra – (Bohad mask dance, Koknas animal masks)
West Bengal – (Purulia Chhau, Gomira, Gambhira, Shola, Rabankata dances)
Jharkhand – (Seraikella Chhau)
Odisha – (Mayurbhanj Chhau)
Kerala – ( Theryyam, Kathakali)
Sikkim - (Singhi Chham, Yak Chham)
Madhya Pradesh (Bastar masks)
Tamil Nadu – Therukoothu
Rajasthan – (Gavri Gauri)
Andhra Pradesh (Mahishasura Cheriyal)
⚫ Look at the Map of India on Page 7. Can you locate the states mentioned in the above
list?
⚫ Tell the class of any one state you visited, and something interesting about it.

⚫ Why do we need to preserve these Mask making traditions ?

Tribal people in India consider Masks a very important part of their rituals or ceremonies for
many things like - bringing a good harvest, good health, protection, and good luck. They use
them in dances, songs, drama and storytelling. Have you ever seen or been part of any of
these Mask events? Tell the class.

(B) LOOK, DRAW, MAKE (35 minutes)

1. Drawing basic shapes for your Masks :

⚫ See Reference diagrams of an Ellipse, Oval, Circle, Square, Rectangle, Triangle,
Rhombus (diamond) and Trapezium shapes, below.
⚫ Now, using a pencil and ruler, draw the given shapes on your drawing sheet.
⚫ Show it to the Teacher and other students, then put it away in your folder.
Mask making/Gr.6 Pg. 14

➹Learning Outcomes
(A) Knowing more about Mask traditions in different parts of India, and why they exist.
(B) Knowing how to make a basic shapes to be used in Mask making.

Teacher’s closing remarks / instructions (5 minutes)

Mask making/Gr.6 Pg. 15

Chapter 4:
INDIA – MASKS GALORE

□ Learning Objectives
(A) To learn where Sikkim is located, some important features of its rich cultural traditions, and
the fabulous Chham mask dances.
(B) To learn how to make a simple Woman mask (Oval shape).

( A ) READ, UNDERSTAND, DISCUSS (20 minutes)

SIKKIM
Sikkim is an Indian state located in the northeast border region, and is thinly populated. Its
capital and largest city is Gangtok. A part of the Eastern Himalayas, Sikkim is known for its wide
variety of plant and animal life, as well as Kangchenjunga, the highest mountain peak in
India. Almost 35% of the state is covered by the Khangchendzonga National Park – a UNESCO
World Heritage Site. Look at the Map of India on Page 7. Can you locate Sikkim? Have you ever
visited this part of the country?
One of the most colourful events in Sikkim is the Yak Chham (Masks include: Yak) or the
ritualistic masked dance, organised and performed by the monks of the Tibetan Buddhist order.
Wearing elaborate masks and colourful costumes, as various characters, good and evil, the
dancers perform elaborate movements to the sounds of traditional musical instruments. In
that region, the Yak (a type of bull/cow with long hair covering its body), is a man’s best friend,
especially during the harsh winter. It is a source of food, clothing and means of transport. In the
Yak Cham dance, the people express gratitude, for having the Yak in their lives.
The people of Sikkim also celebrate with the Singhi Chham or Lion dance (Masks: Snow Lion)
and Kagyed Chaam (Masks include: Antelope, Bull) dances as they are also considered sacred
and attract a huge number of devotees and tourists from all around the country and abroad.
Have you personally witnessed any of these festivals, and seen how the masks are used? Tell
the class.
YAK CHHAM SINGHI KAGYED

Picture Credit Picture Credit Picture Credit

https://in.pinterest.com/pin/4559895309939 https://www.nativeplanet.com/img/2013/10 https://www.istockphoto.com/photo/buddh
91713/ /17-1382006614-fair.jpg ist-monk-with-mask-during-festival-sikkim-
gm157735224-20915816
Mask making/Gr.6 Pg. 16

(B) LOOK, DRAW, MAKE (35 minutes)

Making MASK No.1 : WOMAN (Ellipse shape)

⚫ See drawings below.
⚫ Make your drawing accordingly.
⚫ Add colours using colour pencils /crayons/ felt pens.

⚫ Carefully cut out the mask shape.

⚫ Label: On a paper, draw a rectangle shaped box, 6 cms x 4 cms, in which write the
following details: - 1. Mask No.1
- 2. Woman
- 3. (Your Name, Class and Section)
- 4. (Date: Date/Month/Year)

⚫ Cut out the label and paste it on the back of the Mask.
⚫Take a close-up picture of your Mask and send it on Whatsapp or email to your
Teacher with a Caption mentioning the above label details 1 to 4.
⚫ Then put away your Mask carefully in your folder.

➹Learning Outcomes
(A) Knowing the location and few important features of Sikkim, and its fascinating Mask dances.
(B) Knowing how to make a simple, Ellipse-shaped, Woman mask.

Teacher’s closing remarks / instructions (5 minutes)

⚫Students must ensure when class work is completed, they must place their masks /
drawings safely in the Mask folder.
⚫A simple drawing folder may be made out of newspaper, brown paper, or chart paper.
Mask making/Gr.6 Pg. 17

Chapter 5:
INDIA – MASKS GALORE

□ Learning Objectives
(A) To learn the location and some special features of Kerala, and the kind of masks they
use in their folk/tribal rituals and dances.
(B) To learn how to make a simple Monkey mask (Oval shape).

( A ) READ, UNDERSTAND, DISCUSS

(20 minutes)

KERALA

Kerala is a state on the West coast of South India, with the capital being Thiruvananthapuram.
It is bordered by Karnataka to the north and northeast, Tamil Nadu to the east and south, and
the Lakshadweep Sea to the west. Malayalam is the official language of the state. Look at the
Map of India on Page 7. Can you locate Kerala? How different do you think, the climate of
Kerala would be to Sikkim?

Kumattikali (Masks include: Elephant, Garud)

Kummattikali is the famous, colourful mask-dance of Kerala, popular during the festival of
Onam when Kummattikali performers move from house to house collecting small gifts and
entertaining people. The dancers wear, large, colourful masks, usually made of wood, and skirts
or full body-covering of grass. The themes of Kummattikali are mostly taken from mythology
and folk lore. The rhythm for the dance movements is provided by an Onavillu, a Keralite bow-
shaped, string instrument made from wood or bamboo.

Picture Credit Picture Credit Picture Credit

https://in.pinterest.com/pin/426505027183 https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:%E0 https://sp-
809229/ %B4%95%E0%B5%81%E0%B4%AE%E0%B5%8 ao.shortpixel.ai/client/to_webp,q_glossy,re
D%E0%B4%AE%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%9F%E0% t_img,w_500,h_253/https://www.miscw.co
B5%8D%E0%B4%9F%E0%B4%BF_Kummattikal m/wp-
i_2011_DSC_2703.JPG content/uploads/2016/09/CBP_6663-
500x253.jpg
Mask making/Gr.6 Pg. 18

(B) LOOK, DRAW, MAKE (35 minutes)

Making MASK No.2: MONKEY (Oval shape)

⚫ See drawings below, and make your drawing accordingly.
⚫ Colour your drawing neatly using colour pencils, crayons, or felt pens.

⚫ Carefully cut out the mask shape.

⚫ Make a label as before for MASK 2 – MONKEY (Oval)
⚫ Cut out the label and paste it on the back of the Mask.
⚫ Take a close-up picture of your Mask and send it on Whatsapp or email to your
Teacher with a Caption as before.
⚫ Then, put away your Mask carefully in your folder.

➹Learning Outcomes
(A) Knowing more about Kerala, it’s ever popular Kumattikali dance, costumes, music and
Masks.
(B) Knowing how to methodically make a simple Oval shaped Monkey mask.

Teacher’s closing remarks / instructions (5 minutes)

Mask making/Gr.6 Pg. 19

Chapter 6:
INDIA – MASKS GALORE
🞑Learning Objectives
(A)To learn where West Bengal is located in India, and what makes the Chhau and Gomira
dance traditions, so popular among the people.
(B) To learn how to make a simple Man mask (Triangular shape).

( A ) READ, UNDERSTAND, DISCUSS (20 minutes)

WEST BENGAL
West Bengal is a state in the eastern region of India along the Bay of Bengal. It border
Bangladesh in the east, and Nepal and Bhutan in the north. It also borders the Indian states
of Odisha, Jharkhand, Bihar, Sikkim and Assam. The state capital is Kolkata. Look at the Map of
India on Page 7. Can you locate West Bengal and the states around it?

Purulia Chhau (Masks: Lion, Tiger, Elephant )

Purulia is a district in West Bengal from where the famous Chhau dance began. The word Chhau
means Chhaya (mask or shadow) according to ancient Sanskrit texts. The performance depicts
episodes from the Mahabharata, the Ramayana, and the Puranas through dance and music.
Chhau has a strong rural connection. It also shows the close connection of man and nature.

Picture Credit Picture Credit Picture Credit

https://www.indiatoday.in/education- https://i.ytimg.com/vi/Lxhn4vVeWLA/max https://www.deccanherald.com/content/6
today/gk-current-affairs/story/indian-art- resdefault.jpg 31116/unmasking-traditions.html
318128-2016-04-15

Gomira dance (Masks: gods, deities, demons, characters, animals)

Gomira dance in West Bengal is dedicated to the mother goddess, performed at the time of
sowing of crops. The night before the dance, the masks are brought out and placed for Puja,
conducted at midnight. Next day, the dance takes place at Gomirar Tola to the beating of dhaks
(drum) and kansa (percussion instruments), without any songs, chants or narration.

Picture Credit Picture Credit Picture Credit

https://www.sahapedia.org/gomira-mask- https://mapacademy.io/wp- https://www.sahapedia.org/sites/default/
dance-of-north-bengal content/uploads/2022/07/gomira-mask- files/styles/share_1200_630/public/Gomir
2l.jpg a_Masks_05_0.jpg?itok=zkxKUv4J
Mask making/Gr.6 Pg. 20

(B) LOOK, DRAW, MAKE (35 minutes)

Making MASK No.3: MAN (Triangular shape)

⚫ See drawings below, and make your drawing accordingly.
⚫ Colour your drawing neatly using colour pencils, crayons, or felt pens.

⚫ Carefully cut out the mask shape.

⚫ Make a label as before for MASK 3 – MAN (Triangle)
⚫ Cut out the label and paste it on the back of the Mask.
⚫Take a close-up picture of your Mask and send it on WhatsApp or email to your
Teacher with a Caption as before.
⚫ Then, put away your Mask carefully in your folder

➹Learning Outcomes
(A) Knowing about the state of West Bengal, and its Chhau and Gomira dance traditions,
their use of Masks, and how interestingly different they are.
(B) Knowing how to make a simple, Triangular shaped, Man mask.

Teacher’s closing remarks / instructions (5 minutes)

Mask making/Gr.6 Pg. 21

Chapter 7:
INDIA – MASKS GALORE

□ Learning Objectives
(A) To learn where the state of Uttar Pradesh is located, and interesting aspects of the Banaras
Ramleela tradition.
(B) To learn how to make a simple TIGER mask (Circular shape).

( A ) READ, UNDERSTAND, DISCUSS

(20 minutes)
UTTAR PRADESH
Uttar Pradesh is a state in northern India with Lucknow as its capital. The state is bordered
by Rajasthan to the west, Haryana, Himachal Pradesh and Delhi to the northwest. Hindi is the
most widely spoken language. The two major rivers of the state, the Ganges and its
tributary Yamuna, meet at the Triveni Sangam in Prayagraj (earlier Allahabad). Other notable
rivers are Gomti and Saryu. Locate U.P. on the Map of India.

Banaras Ramleela, (Masks: Ramayan characters)

Ram Leela is a popular enactment of the mythological epic, Ramayana. Ram Leela celebration
forms an integral part of the cultural life of the Hindi-speaking region of North India. The
Ramnagar Ram Leela (at Varanasi) is enacted in the most traditional style and lasts for almost
one month, drawing a huge number of devotees and tourists.

The Ram Leela is generally enacted on a single stage. But in the Ramnagar Ram leela, almost the
whole town is transformed into a vast Ram Leela ground as structures representing Ashok
Vatika, Lanka etc., are built at different locations in the town, and the audience moves along
with the performers from one location to another. It is performed in the most traditional way,
with characters speaking in their natural voices, with very little use of mikes and loudspeakers
even when the audience number in thousands. Along with appropriate costumes, masks are
widely used for various characters.

Picture Credit Picture Credit Picture Credit

https://www.timesnownews.com/columns/ https://www.pinterest.com/pin/11653070907 https://resize.indiatvnews.com/en/resize/new
article/dussehra-the-universal-principle-of- 9027135/ bucket/730_-/2017/09/delhi-ram-lila-2014-
good-over-evil/500438 luv-kush-red-fort-ramlila-img2-1506249462.jpg
Mask making/Gr.6 Pg. 22

(B) LOOK, DRAW, MAKE (35 minutes)

Making MASK No. 4: TIGER (Circular shape)

⚫ See drawings below, and make your drawing accordingly.
⚫ Neatly colour your drawing as shown.

⚫ When dry, carefully c

⚫ Carefully cut out the mask shape.

⚫ Make a label as before for MASK 4 – TIGER (Circle)
⚫ Cut out the label and paste it on the back of the Mask.
⚫Take a close-up picture of your Mask and send it on Whatsapp or email to your
Teacher
with a Caption as before.
⚫ Then, put away your Mask carefully in your folder

➹Learning Outcomes
(A) Knowing basic details of Uttar Pradesh, and reasons that make the Banaras Ramleela
tradition unique.
(B) Knowing how to make a simple, circular Tiger mask.

Teacher’s closing remarks / instructions (5 minutes)

Mask making/Gr.6 Pg. 23

Chapter 8:

MASKS FOR MINI EXHIBITION-CUM-SALE (Suggestive)

Students, this being the last class for Term 1, you may help your Teacher collect all Masks made
by your class, and present them at a small, enjoyable Mask Exhibition-cum-Sale, to which you
may invite your teachers, family members and friends. The amount collected through the mask
sale could be used to provide much needed school books, bags, uniforms etc. to some needy
children you may know of.

Completion
Check that each mask you have made is complete and correctly labelled with your Name, class
and section.

Costing
Since all of you would have made your masks the same size and with the same basic materials,
a reasonable costing of your mask could be worked out as follows:

Cost of materials used Rs 25.00

Labour and time Rs 55.00
Profit Margin Rs 20.00

Total cost of mask Rs. 100.00

Exhibition
To hold a small Exhibition-cum-sale of your Masks, with your Teacher’s help, you and your
classmates would need to :
1. Decide on a date and time for the event.
2. As your Teacher would have pictures of your completed masks, they may be presented
online in a suitable arrangement for interested people to see them and perhaps choose
which masks they would like to buy.
3. If it is possible to hold the event in your school, your own class room would be the ideal
location.
4. Organize how your masks, with prices marked, could be best displayed in the class.
5. The Lunch break could be the best time for other teachers and students to visit your
class and view your mask display.
6. Talk to those who visit, about your plan to sell your masks to raise a small amount to
help some needy children of your school.
7. Take pictures of displays and people attending.
8. Enjoy!
Mask making/Gr.6 Pg. 24

P U Z Z L E P A G E
Help Bina, the girl, reach Mina, the mask.
One afternoon, Bina and Mina were travelling together from the village to a town nearby. Just for fun
they both decided to try out new routes to get there. After an hour of walking separately, they both
realized that they were lost. Can you help Bina to reach Mina through the maze before it gets dark?
(Take a printout of this page, then use a pencil to trace out the path from Bina to Mina.)

BINA

Name t h e M a s k Unscramble the letters below to reveal the correct

names of the three Masks.
RAGMOI AKYHMHAC TMKUILITAKA
Mask making/Gr.6 Pg. 25

Chapter 9:
INDIA – MASKS GALORE

🞑Learning Objectives
(A) Learning a few important points about the state of Gujarat, and interesting aspects of the
tribal group, the Kokna.
(B) Learning how to make a simple Woman mask (Rectangular shape).

( A ) READ, UNDERSTAND, DISCUSS (20 minutes)

GUJARAT
Gujarat is a state on the western coast of India. It is the fifth-largest Indian state by area and
the ninth-largest state by population. It is bordered by Rajasthan to the northeast, Dadra and
Nagar Haveli and Daman and Diu to the south, Maharashtra to the southeast, Madhya
Pradesh to the east, and the Arabian Sea and the Pakistani province of Sindh to the west.
Gujurat’s capital city is Gandhinagar, and Gujarati is the official language of the state. Can you
locate the underlined places on the Map of India?

Kokna (Masks: Gods, Godesses, Tribal Deities)

Kokna is an Indian tribal community settled in the border areas of Gujarat and Maharshtra, and
is also known as, Kokni, Kukna and Kukni. The Kokna are mostly nature worshipers who believe
that rain is the supreme god. Their other deities are those they believe help them in their day-
to-day activity, such as, 'Dhantari' which gives grain, 'Gavkari' which is used for farm work, and
'Kansari' which makes a living. Their masks depicting gods and tribal deities, are carved out of
single pieces of soft wood, or made of clay, cow-dung, rice husk or paper, and decorated with
bamboo strips and brightly coloured paper. Each dancer, who dances to the tune of tribal
musical instruments, enacts steps typical of the character whose mask he wears.

Picture Credit Picture Credit Picture Credit

https://artsandculture.google.com/asset/deit https://ethnoflorence.files.wordpress.com/20 https://phillipsantiques.com/wp-
y-kokna-tribe-unknown/kgF4me3hRjB1CA 21/05/img_3855-copy-2.jpg?w=618 content/uploads/2022/08/PA-00240-01.jpg
Mask making/Gr.6 Pg. 26

(B) LOOK, DRAW, MAKE (35 minutes)

Making MASK NO. 5: WOMAN (Rectangular shape)

⚫ See drawings below, and make your drawing accordingly.
⚫ Neatly colour your drawing as shown.

⚫ Carefully cut out the mask shape.

⚫ Make a label as before for MASK 5 – WOMAN (Rectangle)
⚫ Cut out the label and paste it on the back of the Mask.
⚫Take a close-up picture of your Mask and send it on Whatsapp or email to your
Teacher with a Caption as before.
⚫ Then, put away your Mask carefully in your folder.

➹Learning Outcomes
(A) Knowing the location of Gujarat and surrounding states, and what makes the Kokna tribe
unique.
(B) Knowing how to make a simple, rectangular Woman mask.

Teacher’s closing remarks / instructions (5 minutes)

Mask making/Gr.6 Pg. 27

Chapter 10:
INDIA – MASKS GALORE

□ Learning Objectives
(A) Learning about Tamil Nadu’s basic features, and its three interesting folk dance forms.
(B) Learning how to make a simple Bull mask (Triangular shape).

( A ) READ, UNDERSTAND, DISCUSS (20 minutes)

TAMIL NADU

Tamil Nadu is a state in southern India. Its capital and largest city is Chennai (earlier Madras).
Lying in the southern-most part of the Indian subcontinent, It is bordered by the Indian union
territory of Puducherry and the states of Kerala, Karnataka, and Andhra Pradesh, as well as an
international maritime border with Sri Lanka, the Bay of Bengal in the east, and the Indian
Ocean in the south. The official language is Tamil, one of the longest-surviving classical
languages in the world. See the Map of India. Locate all these places.

Puliyattam - Tiger dance, is a lively folk art dance of Tamil Nadu, usually performed by 6
performers, in complete tiger costume, with body paint and masks, who move and behave like
the majestic tigers, to the thunderous sounds of beating drums and local instruments.

Mayilattam – Peacock dance, is an artistic and religious form of dance performed in

the Hindu temples of Tamil Nadu and Kerala in reverence to Lord Subrahmanya. Mayilattam
performers wear full peacock costumes and masks and move on wooden stilts attached to their
feet, which requires extensive training and practise.
Poikkaal Kuthirai Aattam – Horse dance, is performed with a dummy horse having a space
inside in which a person can fit and then control the movements of the horse.
PULIYATTAM MAYILATTAM POIKKAAL

Picture Credit Picture Credit Picture Credit

https://m.facebook.com/airnewsalerts/photo https://twitter.com/photo_concierge/status/8 https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/c
s/do-you-knowpuliyattam-tiger-dance-is-a- 28827900673667072 hennai/dakshinachitra-to-celebrate-
very-famous-folk-dance-of-tamil-nadu- vinayaka-chaturthi-with-folk-dance-
puli/530323713775697/?locale2=fa_IR performances/articleshow/70879566.cms
Mask making/Gr.6 Pg. 28

(B) LOOK, DRAW, MAKE (35 minutes)

Making MASK No.6 : Animal –BULL (Triangular shape)

⚫ See drawings below, and make your drawing accordingly.
⚫ Neatly colour your drawing as shown.

⚫ Carefully cut out the mask shape.

⚫ Make a label as before for MASK 6 – Animal - BULL (Triangle)
⚫ Cut out the label and paste it on the back of the Mask.
⚫Take a close-up picture of your Mask and send it on Whatsapp or email to your
Teacher
with a Caption as before.
⚫ Then, put away your Mask carefully in your folder.

➹Learning Outcomes
(A) Knowing basic features of Tamil Nadu, its three major folks dances, and their distinct
differences.
(B) Knowing how to make a simple, triangular Bull mask.

Teacher’s closing remarks / instructions (5 minutes)

Mask making/Gr.6 Pg. 29

Chapter 11:
INDIA – MASKS GALORE

□ Learning Objectives
(A) Learning about the location of Assam, its rich resources and culture, and Majuli, the Mask
Nursery.
(B) Learning how to make a simple Man mask (Square shaped).

( A ) READ, UNDERSTAND, DISCUSS (20 minutes)

ASSAM
Assam is a state in northeastern India. It is bordered by Bhutan and Arunachal Pradesh to the
north; Nagaland and Manipur to the east; Meghalaya, Tripura, Mizoram and Bangladesh to the
south; and West Bengal to the west via the Siliguri Corridor. Assamese is the official and most
commonly spoken language of the state, followed by Bengali and Bodo. Assam is known for
Assam tea and Assam silk. Assam is home to the one-horned Indian rhinoceros, along with the
the wild water buffalo, pygmy hog, tiger and various species of Asiatic birds, and provides one
of the last wild habitat for the Asian elephant. Can you find the above underlined states on the
Map of India on page 7?

Majuli, the Mask Nursery

Majuli is a river island in Assam, with the Brahmaputra flowing to the south and theKherkutia
Xuti joining the rive Subansiri in the north. It is also home to Satras or monasteries, each
serving as a caretaker to a different art form, like dance and Raas leela theatre performances
and bhaonas, which make use of dramatic masks. The traditional art of making masks is passed
down from father to son or from the guru or teacher at the Satra to the students. Majuli masks
come alive during Dushera and Deepawali seasons, for night-long performances. Three
different types of masks are made. The Mukhabhaona which covers the face, the Lotokoi which
is bigger in size, extending down to the chest, and Cho Mukha which is a head and body mask.

Picture Credit Picture Credit Picture Credit

https://twitter.com/geetimak/status/1264201 https://www.nezine.com/info/T2RDTXVML20 http://majulilandscape.gov.in/gallery_cultur
037851680769 2UHhnaTZlTmZKUyszQT09/magical-masks:-in- e_maskmaking.php
search-of-mukha.html
Mask making/Gr.6 Pg. 30

(B) LOOK, DRAW, MAKE (35 minutes)

Making MASK No.7 : MAN (Square shaped)
⚫ See drawings below, and make your drawing accordingly.
⚫ Neatly colour your drawing as shown.

⚫ Carefully cut out the mask shape.

⚫ Make a label as before for MASK 7 – MAN (Square)
⚫ Cut out the label and paste it on the back of the Mask.
⚫Take a close-up picture of your Mask and send it on Whatsapp or email to your
Teacher with a Caption as before.
⚫ Then, put away your Mask carefully in your folder.

➹Learning Outcomes
(A) Knowing about the state of Assam and things that make it unique.
(B) Knowing how to make a simple, square Man mask.

Teacher’s closing remarks / instructions (5 minutes)

Mask making/Gr.6 Pg. 31

Chapter 12:
INDIA – MASKS GALORE

□ Learning Objectives
(A) Learning about Odisha, and its spectacular Animal Mask Dances.
(B) Learning how to make a simple Elephant mask (Rectangular shape).

( A ) READ, UNDERSTAND, DISCUSS (20 minutes)

ODISHA
Odisha is an Indian state located in Eastern India. It has the states of West Bengal and
Jharkhand to the north, Chhattisgarh to the west, Andhra Pradesh to the south, and a very
small border with Telangana to the southwest. The region is also known as Utkala and is
mentioned in India's national anthem, "Jana Gana Mana". The language of Odisha is Odia,
which is one of India’s Classical Languages. Can you locate Odisha and the above underlined
states on the Map of India on page 7?

Bagh Nritya (Tiger dance), Pashu Nritya (Animal dance)

(Masks: tiger, goat, bull horse, lion, elephant, deer, peacock, duck )
This art form presented as a tribute to the Goddess, is very popular during religious festivals,
wedding celebrations, and even social awareness programmes like conservations of bio-
diversity. Dancers dressed in larger-than-life costumes and masks of animals and birds make
the performances spectacular.

While the heads of these creatures are made of materials like paper mache, cow-dung and
wood, the bodies are made of cane frames, covered with thick cloth. Both the heads and bodies
of the animals are then painted in bright colours and decorated with attractive designs and
mirror-work. Two dancers, one in front (head and fore-legs) and one behind him (hind legs)
inside each body frame, together perform as one animal or bird. Each presentation is like a
short story in movements, conveying a message (for example: respect animals, birds, nature),
performed to the musical sounds and beats of local musicians.

Picture Credit Picture Credit Picture Credit

https://sambalpurii.blogspot.com/2019/06/a http://www.photojournale.com/categories. https://mobile.twitter.com/hashtag/bag
nimal-mask-dance-of-odisha.html php?cat_id=323 hanacha?src=hash
Mask making/Gr.6 Pg. 32

(B) LOOK, DRAW, MAKE (35 minutes)

Making MASK No. 8 : ELEPHANT (Rectangular shape)

⚫ See drawings below, and make your drawing accordingly.
⚫ Neatly colour your drawing as shown.

⚫ Carefully cut out the mask shape.

⚫ Make a label as before for MASK 7 – MAN (Square)
⚫ Cut out the label and paste it on the back of the Mask.
⚫Take a close-up picture of your Mask and send it on Whatsapp or email to your
Teacher with a Caption as before.
⚫ Then, put away your Mask carefully in your folder.

➹Learning Outcomes
(A) Knowing basic features of Odisha and its fascinating Animal Mask Dances.
(B) Knowing how to make a simple, rectangular Elephant mask.

Teacher’s closing remarks / instructions (5 minutes)

Mask making/Gr.6 Pg. 33

Chapter 13:
INDIA – MASKS GALORE

□ Learning Objectives
(A) Learning about Himachal Pradesh, and the very popular Lion, Tiger Mask Dance.
(B) Learning how to make a simple Woman mask (Half Oval shape).

( A ) READ, UNDERSTAND, DISCUSS (20 minutes)

HIMACHAL PRADESH
*Himachal Pradesh is a state in the northern part of India. Situated in the Western Himalayas, it
is one of the eleven mountain states with rugged landscape of mountains and rivers. It shares
borders with the union territories of *Jammu and Kashmir and *Ladakh to the north, and the
states of *Punjab to the west, *Haryana to the southwest, *Uttarakhand to the southeast and a
very narrow border with *Uttar Pradesh to the South. The state also shares an international
border to the east with the *Tibet Autonomous Region in China. See where these* lie on the
Map of India.

Paldli Fagli celebrations

Fagli or Phagli which comes from the word ‘Phag’, or lunar calendar (between February and
March), celebrates the awakening of the gods and bidding farewell to long winter.
It is celebrated in different parts of Kullu valley, Himachal Pradesh, with costumes and masks
varying from village to village.

In Malana village, after fasting for a full day, three barefoot masked dancers in traditional
clothes, have their bodies wrapped in branches and leaves of trees. They wear masks which
have a dark background colour, with yellow dots over it, and moustaches made of fur. In other
villages, masks are of different colours and some even have feathers and fur attached. They
perform their dance as they move through the village, to the sound of trumpets and drums.

Picture Credit Picture Credit Picture Credit

https://ethnoflorence.files.wordpress.com/2 https://s3.ap-south- https://s3.ap-south-
022/02/rumsu_mask_himachal_pradesh_.pn 1.amazonaws.com/townscript- 1.amazonaws.com/townscript-
g?w=850 production/gallery- production/images/cfaced54-104a-4f27-
images/948326/whatsapp-image-2019-02- 8e2e-1a28e467114a.jpeg
02-at-7-a0e3bc8c-fb02-427d-8509-
a9a069369e7b.jpeg
Mask making/Gr.6 Pg. 34

(B) LOOK, DRAW, MAKE (35 minutes)

Making MASK No. 9: WOMAN (Half Ellipse shape)

⚫ See drawings below, and make your drawing accordingly.
⚫ Neatly colour your drawing as shown.

⚫ Carefully cut out the mask shape.

⚫ Make a label as before for MASK 9 – WOMAN (Half ellipse)
⚫ Cut out the label and paste it on the back of the Mask.
⚫Take a close-up picture of your Mask and send it on Whatsapp or email to your
Teacher with a Caption as before.
⚫ Then, put away your Mask carefully in your folder.

➹Learning Outcomes
(A) Knowing about Himachal Pradesh, and its interesting Lion, Tiger Mask Dance.
(B) Knowing how to make a simple, Half Ellipse shaped, Woman mask.

Teacher’s closing remarks / instructions (5 minutes)

Mask making/Gr.6 Pg. 35

Chapter 14:
INDIA – MASKS GALORE

□ Learning Objectives
(A) Learning about Jharkhand, and the beautiful Seraikella Chhau dance tradition.
(B) Learning how to make a simple Lion mask (Rhombus /diamond shape).

( A ) READ, UNDERSTAND, DISCUSS (20 minutes)

JHARKHAND
Jharkhand, (‘meaning 'the land of forests') is a state in eastern India. The city of Ranchi is its
capital. It shares borders with Bihar to the north, Uttar Pradesh to the northwest, Chhattisgarh
to the west, Odisha to the south and West Bengal to the east. Hindi is the official language of
the state. The state is known for its waterfalls, hills and holy places; Baidyanath Dham,
Parasnath and Rajrappa are major religious sites. The state was formed in 2000, from the
territory that had previously been part of Bihar. Locate Jharkhand on the Map of India on page
7. How different is it from Himachal Pradesh
Seraikela Chhau (Masks: Gods, Warriors,).
Seraikela is a most stylized, form of Chhau dance practiced in Jharkhand. Masks are an
important part of Seraikela Chhau, as the face of the performer being invisible to the audience,
it take great skill of the dancers to express emotions only through postures and movements of
the body, accompanied only by the rhythmic beat of drums.
The masks are relatively light and they cover the entire face of the performer and have small
holes for eyes and nostrils which limits vision of the dancers and makes breathing difficult,
which is possibly one of the reasons why Seraikela Chhau compositions do not last more than
ten minutes.

Picture Credit Picture Credit Picture Credit

https://www.tourmyindia.com/blog//wp- https://www.deccanchronicle.com/150227/nati https://images.mid-
content/uploads/2014/06/Chaitra-Parba- on-current-affairs/article/pandit-dubey- day.com/images/images/2014/aug/chau1.jp
Chhau-Festival-Orissa.jpg present-chhau g
Mask making/Gr.6 Pg. 36

(B) LOOK, DRAW, MAKE (35 minutes)

Making MASK No. 10: Animal – LION (Rhombus / diamond shape)

⚫ See drawings below, and make your drawing accordingly.
⚫ Neatly colour your drawing as shown.

⚫ Carefully cut out the mask shape.

⚫ Make a label as before for MASK 10 – Animal – LION (Trapezium/diamond shape)
⚫ Cut out the label and paste it on the back of the Mask.
⚫Take a close-up picture of your Mask and send it on Whatsapp or email to your
Teacher with a Caption as before.
⚫ Then, put away your Mask carefully in your folder.

➹Learning Outcomes
(A) Knowing about Jharkhand and its fascinating Seraikella Chhau dance tradition.
(B) Knowing how to make a simple, rhombus shape, Lion mask.

Teacher’s closing remarks / instructions (5 minutes)

Mask making/Gr.6 Pg. 37

Chapter 15:
INDIA – MASKS GALORE

🞑Learning Objectives
(A) Learning about Telengana, and its unique Cheriyal dance tradition.
(B) Learning how to make a simple Man mask (Trapezium shape).

( A ) READ, UNDERSTAND, DISCUSS (20 minutes)

TELENGANA
Telangana is a state in India situated on the south-central stretch of the Indian peninsula on the
high Deccan Plateau. Hyderabad is its capital. Telangana is bordered by the states of
Maharashtra to the north, Chhattisgarh to the northeast, Karnataka to the west, and Andhra
Pradesh to the east and south. The terrain of Telangana region consists mostly of hills,
mountain ranges, and thick dense forests. Can you locate it on the Map of India? How different
would you think the climate and vegetation would be to Gujarat?

Cherial masks
Cherial (or Cheriyal) is about a 100kms away from Hyderabad in the state of Telangana. This
area is known for its master craftsmen who prepare bright and colourful scrolls and masks.
Cheriyal Masks represent the characters from traditional Cheriyal scrolls, such as human
characters, animals like, tiger and cow, and few others, and are made with the purpose of
entertaining children and decorating homes.
The unique feature of these masks is that they are made from coconut shells. Each shell is cut
into two halves, the outer surface is scraped and smoothened, and a paste of tamarind seed
and saw dust is used to shape the features on the mask. When dry, it is covered with a layer of
khadi cloth over which a mixture of white mud and tree gum is applied. When dry, the mask is
painted in bright, attractive colours.

Picture Credit Picture Credit Picture Credit

https://in.pinterest.com/pin/ganesha- https://www.earthenwallplates.com/produc https://www.amazon.in/Indic-Inspirations-
cheriyal-mask-from-telengana-- t-category/decor-accessories/handcrafted- Cherial-Wall-Masks/dp/B08W9DSJHP
438467713718047631/ masks/
Mask making/Gr.6 Pg. 38

(B) LOOK, DRAW, MAKE (35 minutes)

Making MASK No. 11: MAN (Trapezium shape)

⚫ See drawings below, and make your drawing accordingly.
⚫ Neatly colour your drawing as shown.

⚫ Carefully cut out the mask shape.

⚫ Make a label as before for MASK 10 – Animal – LION (Trapezium/diamond shape)
⚫ Cut out the label and paste it on the back of the Mask.
⚫Take a close-up picture of your Mask and send it on Whatsapp or email to your
Teacher with a Caption as before.
⚫ Then, put away your Mask carefully in your folder.

➹Learning Outcomes
(A) Knowing about Telengana and its unique Cheriyal masks.
(B) Knowing how to make a simple Man mask, in a Trapezium shape.

Teacher’s closing remarks / instructions (5 minutes)

Mask making/Gr.6 Pg. 39

Chapter 16:
MASKS FOR YEAR-END GALA EXHIBITION-CUM-SALE
(Suggestive)
Students, by now, you must have quite a good collection of masks you and your classmates
have made in the course of the year. Looking back at your mini-exhibition held at the end of
Term 1, you must have learnt a few things, and now you would certainly be keen to hold a
much larger event through which you may raise a reasonable sum to help provide much needed
school books, bags, uniforms etc. to some needy children you may know of.

Completion
Towards that end, you would need to check that each mask you have made
is complete and correctly labelled with your Name, class and section.

Costing
Since all of you would have made your masks the same size and with the same
basic materials, a reasonable costing of your mask could be worked out as follows:
Cost of materials used 25.00
Labour and time 55.00
Profit Margin 20.00

Total cost of mask Rs. 100.00

Exhibition
To hold a Gala Exhibition-cum-sale of your Masks, with your Teacher’s help, you and your
classmates would need to:
1. Decide on a date and time for the event.
2. Find a suitable space where you could hold your exhibition, and reserve it.
3. Organize suitable furniture – tables, shelves, boards etc. on which your priced masks may
be
placed so they can be easily viewed by your guests.
4. Prepare your Guest list (special guests, parents, teachers, friends)
5. Prepare Invitations and send them out at least a week before the event.
6. Make a Duty roster – a list of Who-does-what on that day, and assign responsibilities to all
in the class.
7. Prepare a simple Programme for the day which could include the Masks on display
plus various items that could be that would make the event interesting and successful, like
interesting information on masks, soft background music, a snack counter, etc.
8. Ensure everyone attends the event and carries out assigned tasks.
9. Take pictures of displays and people attending. Write about it and share it with family and
friends.
10. Enjoy!
Mask making/Gr.6 Pg. 40

References
-Wikipedia
-sahapedia.orggomira-mask-dance-of-north-bengal
-aditirindan.wordpress.com/201//11/18//behind-the-masks
-dsource.in/resource/cheriyal-painting-telengana
-indianculture.gov.in//intangible-culture-heritage/performing-artspurulia-chhau
[email protected] (Tribal Wooden Mask-Chhatisgarh)
-arunachal24.in/fifth-tawang-festival
-Gomira damce-12 clicks.com
-Google Arts && Culture
-Mask India Himachal Pradesh dance/ethnoflorence Indian and Himalyan Fold and Tribal
Arts (wordpress.com)
-The Masked dancerss of Fagli Tripoto
-Paldi fagli asks of himachal pradesh
-10 Fascinating Cultural Masks from Around the World | Western Union
-10 Fascinating Cultural Masks from around the World – Stefan Zechner
-Folk wonders of Ganjam | INDIAN CULTURE (Animal masks used)
-THE VANISHING FACES TRIBAL MASK OF GUJARAT, INDIA, TRIBAL CULTURE - YouTube (Tribal asks
-Folk wonder of Ganjam - YouTube (animal masks play an important part in the cultural
presentations of Ganjam district of Odisha)
-Traditional and tribal masks - Google Search
-tribal masks worn in karnataka - Search (bing.com)
-Kamat's Potpourri: The Masks of India - Masks of Madhya Pradesh
Mask making/Gr.6 Pg. 41

Glossary

Page 9 Chapter 1:
Learning Objectives – What we want to learn.
Enable – Make possible.
Expression – A certain look that means something.

Pg. 10 Chap. 1:
Learning Outcomes –What we have learnt.
Facial – Of the face.

Pg. 13 Chap. 3:
Locate – To find.
Preserve – To keep something safe and unchanged.

Pg. 14 Chap. 3:
Basic – Most simple.

Pg. 15 Chap. 4:
Galore – A very large number of something
Fabulous – Wonderful.
Thinly populated – Having very few people.
Variety – Many kinds.
Ritualistic – To do set number of things in a certain order.
Elaborate – Having many difficult parts.
Traditional – Things which are a part of our customs and beliefs for many years.
Harsh – Severe.
Source – From where we get something.
Sacred – Holy.
Devotees – Those who are very interested in or about something or someone.
Witnessed – Seen something taking place.

Pg. 16 Chap.4:
Accordingly – To do as shown or instructed.

Pg.17 Chap.5:
Theme – The idea which something is about.
Folk lore –Beliefs, customs, stories which people or folk, pass on from one to another
for many years.
Mask making/Gr.6 Pg. 42

Pg.18 Chap.5:
Ever popular – Always liked by many people.
Methodically – In an orderly, step-by-step manner.

Pg. 19 Chap.6:
Rural – Of or from the countryside, not the city.
Percussion – Musical instruments that are played by hitting or shaking them. For
example, drums, tabla, bells.

Pg. 21 Chap. 7:
Aspects – Particular parts of something.
Enactment – Acting out a role or story.
Integral – Most necessary to make something complete.
Representing – Doing something on behalf of or in place of someone else.
Appropriate – Suitable, proper.

Pg. 22 Chap.7:
Unique – Totally one of a kind.

Pg. 23 Chap.8:
Mini – Very small.
Reasonable – Fair, sensible, correct.

Pg. 25 Chap.9:
Population – All people living in a particular place.

Pg. 26 Chap.9:
Dimensions – measurements, size.

Pg. 27 Chap. 10:

Maritime – Connected with the sea.
Longest surviving – Alive and well for a very long time.
Reverence – Deep respect.
Stilts – A pair of upright poles with supports for the feet, to enable the user to walk
raised above the ground.
Extensive – A great amount of.
Mask making/Gr.6 Pg. 43

Pg. 29 Chap. 11:

Resources – Knowledge, things, people, who are most valuable for carrying out a task.
Habitat – Natural home or surroundings.
Monasteries – Group of holy people living together under strict rules.

Pg. 31 Chap.12:
Spectacular – Very impressive.
Paper Mache – a soft material made into a dough by mixing finely crushed paper, glue
and water. Objects made from this mixture when dry, are light, hard and strong.

Pg. 21 Chap. 12:

Fascinating – Something extremely attractive.

Pg. 33 Chap. 13:

Autonomous – Free to act on their own.
Lunar – Of the Moon, like the Moon, by the Moon.
Awakening – To wake up and be active again.
Farewell - Leaving a place or person, saying goodbye.
Varying – different in one or many ways.

Pg. 35 Chap.14:
Compositions – The way many parts are put together to make something complete.

Pg. 39 Chap. 16:

Gala – A very big and special event.
Labour – Actual hard work done by someone.