B.D.
COLLEGE,PATNA
(A CONSTITUENT UNIT OF PATLIPUTRA UNIVERSITY,PATNA)
ASSIGNMENT
NAME OF DEPARTMENT - PHYSICS
CLASS ROLL NO - 144
UNIVERSITY ROLL NO. - 2420351050085
UNIVERSITY REG. NO. - 202320302318
SESSION - 2023-2027
SUBJECT - PHYSICS
DATE - 30/03/2024
SIGNATURE OF TEACHER
CONVENTIONAL SIGNS & SYMBOLS
144
B. D COLLEGE,PATNA
ASSIGNMENT
COURSE :- B. Sc SEM - 2
U.G DEPARTMENT OF PHYSICS
PAPER - MJC 2
SESSION - 2023-2027
UNDER THE SUPERVISION OF : - SUBMITTED BY :-
NAME :- PRINCE KUMAR
DR. PRIYANKA KUMARI. MAJOR :- PHYSICS
U.G DEPARTMENT OF PHYSICS ROLL NO:- 144
CLASS :- B.Sc.Sem-2
CERTIFICATE
THIS IS TO CERTIFY THAT THE PROJECT IS TITLED "
The concept of Periodic and oscillating motion with application of free
damped & forced oscillation in physical situation
THIS PROJECT IS SUBMITTED BY PRINCE KUMAR FROM
B.D. COLLEGE, PATNA IN FULFILLMENT OF THE
REQUIREMENTS FOR B.SC. SEMESTER 2
THIS PROJECT WAS DONE BY UNDER THE SUPERVISION AND
GUIDANCE OF Dr.PRIYANKA KUMARI
SIGNATURE
TITLE
The concept of Periodic and oscillating motion with
Application of free damped & forced oscillation in physical situatio
INTRODUCTION
PERIODIC MOTION :
Periodic motion refers to any motion that repeats itself in a regular pattern over time. This could
include the swinging of a pendulum, the vibrations of a guitar string, or the orbit of a planet
around a star. Periodic motion is characterized by its period, which is the time it takes for one
complete cycle of the motion to occur, and its frequency, which is the number of cycles that
occur in a given amount of time.
OSCILLATING MOTION :
Oscillating motion is a specific type of periodic motion characterized by back-and-forth
movement around a central point or equilibrium position. This type of motion typically involves a
repetitive pattern of displacement from a starting position, followed by a return to that position,
and then displacement in the opposite direction. Examples include the motion of a swing, the
vibration of a tuning fork, or the movement of a pendulum. Oscillating motion is often described
in terms of amplitude (the maximum displacement from the equilibrium position) and frequency
(the number of oscillations per unit of time).
Free, damped, and forced oscillations are fundamental concepts in physics and have numerous
applications in various physical situations:
1. **Free Oscillation**: An oscillation that occurs
without any external force acting on the system.
Examples include a simple pendulum swinging back
and forth, a mass on a spring bouncing up and
down, or the vibrations of a guitar string after being
plucked.
2. **Damped Oscillation**: Damping refers to the
process of reducing the amplitude of oscillations
over time due to the dissipation of energy. Damped
oscillations can be found in systems like a swinging
pendulum in a medium like air or a mass on a spring
moving through a viscous fluid like oil. Applications
include shock absorbers in vehicles, where damping
reduces the bouncing motion after hitting a bump.
3. **Forced Oscillation**: Forced oscillation occurs
when an external force is applied to a system,
causing it to oscillate at a frequency determined by
the driving force rather than its natural frequency.
Examples include a child swinging on a swing
(where the pushing force provides the external input)
or a tuning fork vibrating when struck with a mallet.
In engineering, forced oscillations are essential in
designing structures such as bridges and buildings
to withstand external forces like wind or seismic
activity.
These concepts are also applied in fields such as
electrical engineering (in circuits involving resistors,
capacitors, and inductors), acoustics (in analyzing
sound waves), and quantum mechanics (in
describing the behavior of particles in potential
wells). Understanding these oscillatory phenomena
is crucial for engineers, physicists, and other
scientists in designing systems, analyzing data, and
predicting behavior in various physical situations.
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
In the accomplishment of completion of my
assignment on " The concept of Periodic and
oscillating motion with application of free damped &
forced oscillation in physical situation”
I would like to convey my special gratitude to Mrs.
PRIYANKA RAI of B.Sc.DEPARTMENT OF
PHYSICS of "B.D. COLLEGE, PATNA".
Your valuable guidance and suggestions helped me
in various phases of the completion of this project.
I will always be thankful to you in this regard.
