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Thermodynamics II Solutions

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84 views5 pages

Thermodynamics II Solutions

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pjrfhn7596
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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ME 365- THERMODYNAMICS II – ASSIGNMENT 2

Solution
Note: please provide solutions to the questions on this same paper

QUESTION 6 P  10 kPa  s 4s  s f 6.5995  0.649


4
x 4s    0.793
Consider a 300-MW steam power plant that s 4s  s 3  s fg 7.5
operates on a simple Rankine cycle. Steam h  h f  x 4s h fg  192  0.793  2392
4s
enters the turbine at 10 MPa and 500 0C and
 2089.7 kJ/kg
is cooled in the condenser at a pressure of 10
kPa. The adiabatic efficiency for both the
turbine and the pump is assumed to be 85 W34   t  W34s  h 4  h 3    t  h 4s  h 3 
percent. Show the cycle on a T-s diagram W34  0.85  2089.7  3375  -1092 kJ/kg
with respect saturation lines, and determine
h 4  W34  h 3  -1092  3375  2282.5 kJ/kg
(i) The quality of steam at turbine exit, (ii)
The thermal efficiency of the cycle, and (iii)
The mass flow rate of steam.
P4  10 kPa  h 4  h f 2282.5  192
SOLUTION x 4    0.874
h 4  2282.5 kJ/kg  h fg 2392

Q in  Q 23  h 3  h 2  3375  204
 3171 kJ/kg
Q out  Q 41  h 1  h 4  192  2282.5
 2090.5 kJ/kg
Wnet  Q in  Q out  3171  2090.5
 1080.5 kJ/kg

Wnet 1080.5
η th    0.341  34.1 %
h 1  h f @ 10kPa  192 kJ/kg Q in 3171

v1  v f @ 10kPa  0.00101 m 3 /kg 


W net 300,000
 
m   277.6 kg/s
W12s v1 P2  P1  Wnet 1080.5
W12  
ηp ηp
0.0010110,000  10
  11.87 kJ/kg
0.85
h 2  W12  h 1  11.87  192  204 kJ/kg

P3  10 MPa
Superheated steam
T3  500 C 
h 3  3375 kJ/kg, s 3  6.5995 kJ/kg.K

ME 365- Assignment 2 Page 1


ME 365- THERMODYNAMICS II – ASSIGNMENT 2
Solution
Note: please provide solutions to the questions on this same paper

QUESTION 8 P4  10 kPa  s 4s  s f 6.8000  0.649


x 4    0.820
Consider a steam power plant that operates s4  s3  s fg 7.5
on a simple ideal Rankine cycle and has a  h 4  h f  x 4 h fg  192  0.82  2392
net power output of 30 MW. Steam enters  2153.8 kJ/kg,
the turbine at 7 MPa and 500 0C and is
cooled in the condenser at a pressure of 10
kPa by running cooling water from a lake Q in  Q 23  h 3  h 2  3411.4  199.1
through the tubes of the condenser at a rate  3212.3 kJ/kg
of 2000 kg/s. Show the cycle on a T-s Q out  Q 41  h 1  h 4  192  2153.8
diagram with respect to saturation lines, and  1961.8 kJ/kg
determine; (i) the thermal efficiency of the
Wnet  Q in  Q out  3212.3  1961.8
cycle, (ii) The mass flow rate of steam, and
 1250.5 kJ/kg
(iii) The temperature rise of the cooling
water.
Wnet 1250.5
SOLUTION η th    0.389  38.9 %
Q in 3212.3


W net 30,000
 
m   24 kg/s
Wnet 1250.5


Q out
ΔTcoolingwater 
 coolingwater  C pcoolingwater
m
24   1961.8
  5.6 C
2000  4.2

h 1  h f @ 10kPa  192 kJ/kg


v1  v f @ 10kPa  0.00101 m 3 /kg

W12  h 2  h 1  v1 P2  P1 
 0.00101  7.000  10  7.06 kJ/kg
h 2  W12  h 1  7.06  192  199.1 kJ/kg

P3  7 MPa 
Superheated steam
T3  500 C
h 3  3411.4 kJ/kg, s 3  6.800 kJ/kg.K

ME 365- Assignment 2 Page 2


ME 365- THERMODYNAMICS II – ASSIGNMENT 2
Solution
Note: please provide solutions to the questions on this same paper

QUESTION 9 Q in  Q 23  h 3  h 2  3411.4  200.1


 3211.3 kJ/kg
Repeat problem 8 above assuming an
adiabatic (isentropic) efficiency of 87 % for Q out  Q 41  h 1  h 4  192  2317.1
both the turbine and the pump.  2125.1 kJ/kg
Wnet  Q in  Q out  3211.3  2125.1
SOLUTION
 1086.2 kJ/kg

Wnet 1086.2
η th    0.34  34 %
Q in 3211.3


W net 30,000
 
m   27.6 kg/s
Wnet 1086.2


Q out
ΔTcoolingwater 
 coolingwater  C pcoolingwater
m
27.6   2125.1
  6.98 C
2000  4.2
W12s v1 P2  P1 
W12  
ηp ηp
0.001017,000  10
  8.12 kJ/kg
0.87
h 2  W12  h 1  8.12  192  200.1 kJ/kg

W34   t  W34s  h 4  h 3    t  h 4s  h 3 
W34  0.87  2153.6  3411.4
 -1094.3 kJ/kg
h 4  W34  h 3  -1094.3  3411.4
 2317.1 kJ/kg

ME 365- Assignment 2 Page 3


ME 365- THERMODYNAMICS II – ASSIGNMENT 2
Solution
Note: please provide solutions to the questions on this same paper

QUESTION 20 Steam cycle

Consider a combined gas-steam power plant h 1  h f @ 20kPa  251.4kJ/kg,


that has a net power output of 450 MW. The
pressure ratio of the gas-turbine cycle is 14. v1  v f @ 20kPa  0.001017m 3 /kg
Air enters the compressor at 300 K and the W12  h 2  h 1  v1 P2  P1 
turbine at 1400 K. The combustion gases  0.001017  600  20  0.590 kJ/kg
leaving the gas turbine are used to heat the
steam at 8 MPa to 400oC in a heat h 2  W12  h 1  0.59  251.4  252 kJ/kg
exchanger. The combustion gases leave the h 3  h f @ 0.6MPa  670.4kJ/kg,
heat exchanger at 460K. An open feed water
heater incorporated with the steam cycle v 3  v f @ 0.6MPa  0.001101m 3 /kg
operates at a pressure of 0.6 MPa. The W34  h 4  h 3  v 3 P4  P3 
 0.001101  8,000  600  8.15 kJ/kg
condenser pressure is 20 kPa. Assuming all
the compression and expansion processes to
be isentropic, determine: h 4  W34  h 3  8.15  670.4  678.6 kJ/kg
(i) The mass flow rate ratio of air to steam
(ii) The required rate of heat input in the
combustion chamber
(iii) The thermal efficiency of the combined
cycle
Take air to be an ideal gas with constant
specific heat

SOLUTION

Gas cycle

T8  300K, T10  1400K, rp  14


T9  rp   T8  14
γ 1 γ
 300  637.7 K
0.4 1.4


T11  rp  
γ 1 γ 1

 T10  14 
0.4 1.4 1
 1400
 658.7 K

ME 365- Assignment 2 Page 4


ME 365- THERMODYNAMICS II – ASSIGNMENT 2
Solution
Note: please provide solutions to the questions on this same paper

ME 365- Assignment 2 Page 5

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