Republic of the Philippines
PHILIPPINE STATE COLLEGE OF AERONAUTICS
OFFICE OF THE VICE PRESIDENT FOR ACADEMIC AFFAIRS
INSTITUTE OF LIBERAL ARTS AND SCIENCES
Piccio Garden, Villamor, Pasay City Acc. No.:
MODULE
IN
ART APPRECIATION
SOCIAL SCIENCE AREA
2020-2021
Prepared by: Norhana Sarip, LPT
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ART APPRECIATION
COURSE LEARNING OUTCOME
CLO 1. Demonstrate an understanding and appreciation of arts in general,
including their function, value, and historical significance
CLO 2. Define and demonstrate the elements and principles of design
CLO 3. Explain and evaluate different theories of art
CLO 4. Discuss the contributions of the different art forms
CLO 5. Situate Philippines arts in a global context
CLO 6. Analyze and appraise works of art based on aesthetic value,
historical context, tradition and social relevance
CLO 7. Mount an art exhibit (concept development of an art form using the
technology of the internet)
CLO 8. Create their own works of art through blended learning
CLO 9. Utilize art for self-expression and for promoting advocacies
CLO 10. Deepen their sensitivity to self, community, and society
CLO 11. Discover and deepen their identity through art with respect to their
nationality, culture and religion
CLO 12. Develop an appreciation of the local arts
Learning Outcomes for Final Period
Course Learning Topic Learning Outcomes
Outcomes
CLO 1, 1. Display the ability to work in a multidisciplinary team
and contribute to group endeavor.
CLO 2 2. Manifest interest in local dances and show concern in
promoting and preserving the country’s cultural
heritage.
CLO 3 3. Explain the different types of music
CLO 4 4. Discuss the different genre of Music
CLO 5 5. Showcase different kinds of dances
CLO 6 6. Enumerate the different elements of dance
CLO 7 7. Importance of the different art forms in Soul making
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FINALS Learning Module 07: MUSIC
Scope: Midterm week 7 & 8
MLO 2 Manifest interest in local dances and show concern in promoting and preserving
the country’s cultural heritage.
MLO 3 Explain the different types of music
MLO 4 Discuss the different genre of Music
MUSIC: Outline of Topic
I. Music as Art
II. Mediums of Music
a. Tone
b. Pitch
c. Duration
d. Intensity
III. Musical Instruments
a. Strings
b. Woodwind
c. Brass
d. Percussion
IV. Voice
a. Soprano
b. Alto
c. Tenor
d. Bass
V. Elements of Music
a. Rhythm
b. Melody
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c. Harmony
d. Texture
e. Form
VI. Philippine Music
a. Rondalla
b. Kulintang
VII. 5 Filipino National Artists in Music
Honesty Clause
“As members of the Academic Community, students
are expected to recognize and uphold standards of
intellectual and academic integrity. Philippine State College
of Aeronautics assumes, as a basic and minimum standard
of conduct in academic matters, that students should be
honest and that they submit for credit only the products of
their own efforts.”
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MUSIC
Music has been passed on through generations and expressed
through natural rhythmic gestures as the clapping of the hands, the
pounding of feet, movements of the body, and the utterances of the
voice. It reveals Man’s thoughts, feelings and aspirations as it reveals
his life ways too.
Music organizes the movement of sounds through time; which are
structured and continuous, uniform and synchronous.
Medium of Music
Tone
is the medium of music and refers to the sound that travels through air
and reaches the audience. It is produced by an instrument or by the
voice and has 4 qualities:
1. Timbre
2. Pitch
3. Duration
4. Intensity
Timbre
(also called tone color or tone quality) is the distinctive quality of a
tone.
Pitch
refers to the highness and lowness of a tone.
The vibrations and sound-producing material determine the pitch of a
tone: the slower the vibration, the slower the pitch; the shorter the
vibrating material, the higher the pitch it produces.
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Duration
is the length of sound in time.
The varying length of sounds in time creates rhythm, and these
variations are what make compositions interesting. In music, time is
indicated by symbols we call notes
Intensity
means the loudness and softness of a sound produced by the varying
degrees of pressure applied to the instrument producing the sound. It
evokes the emotional features in music as music moves from loud to
soft and vice versa.
Symbolic indications of intensity are often written in Italian
like forte (loudly), fortissimo (very loudly), piano (softly)
and pianissimo (very softly).
Indications of softness and loudness are written
as crescendo (becoming louder), decrescendo (decrease
loudness) or diminuendo (becoming softer).
Musical Instruments
The Western Orchestra has the following classification of instruments:
Strings
The string section includes the violins, violas, violoncello (cello) and
double bass (string bass).
They produce sound because a string stretched across these
instrument’s bodies vibrate.
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Vibrations are produced by horsehair stretched in a violin’s bow
rubbing over these strings or by fingers plucking them. The string
section is the nucleus of an orchestra.
Violin
String Bass Cello
Woodwind
Woodwinds produce sound with musicians blowing air through
them, directly across a hole or through a reed or reeds at the
mouthpiece.
Instruments in this section are made of tubes with holes which are
closed or opened by the fingers or a set of keys to vary the pitch of
tones. Examples are clarinets, oboes, English horns, bassoons
and contrabassoons
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Bassoon
Contabasson
English Horn
Clarinet
Brass
Brass are instruments cylindrical tubes with bell-shaped ends
molded from brass (an alloy of copper and zinc).
Musicians blow in a special way into conical mouthpieces to
produce tones. Examples are trumpets, trombones, French horns
and the tubas. They provide style to climactic moments of an
orchestral piece
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French Horn Trombone
Trumpet Tuba
Percussion
Percussion instruments are played by striking, scraping, shaking or
scratching them using hands, sticks or other hard objects.
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Examples are timpani or kettledrums, xylophones, glockenspiel (or
lyre) and vibraphone and family of drums (snare, bass, tomtom etc),
cymbals, chimes, triangles and gongs.
They provide rhythmic accents of the percussion section.
Timpani Bass Drum
Glockenspiel Snare Drum
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Cymbals
Gongs
Vibraphone
Chimes
Xylophone
Tomtom Drum
Triangle
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Voice
It is the most expressive of all the instruments. It is Man’s first
instrument.
Tones are produced by the vibrations of vocal chords in the voice box
(larynx) resonating in the cavities of the chest, mouth and nose.
Classification of Voice
Soprano is the highest of all vocal pitches. It is sung by females.
Alto is just below soprano and also sung by females.
Tenor is the highest pitch for a male voice.
Bass is the lowest pitch in a chorus and sung by males.
Mezzo-soprano is the pitch in between soprano and alto.
Baritone is the pitch in between tenor and bass.
Elements of Music
Rhythm
Rhythm is that movement through time, of the arrangement of
tones and silences, of the order of long and short notes, and of the accents
of these tones so that a regular movement is produced.
It is the most basic element of music because music can do
without the other elements but cannot exist without rhythm.
Music played or sung brings out a regular rhythmic pattern or
pulsation which we call beats. Beats are grouped in a measure that
contains units of four, three, or two beats called a meter.
Quadruple Meter- This can be indicated in a pattern of ONE-two-THREE-
four, with ONE having the primary accent and THREE as
secondary accent. Two and four are weak beats.
Duple Meter- This carries two beats in a measure, indicated by the pattern
ONE-two / ONE-two, with ONE having the accent. March
music is written in the duple meter.
Triple Meter- This will have groups of three beats to a measure: ONE-two-
three / ONE-two-three.
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Melody
It is the coherent succession of notes. It is notes played one after
another. It is the tune of the song you sing.
Melody is also referred as motif, theme, air or melodic line. It is called
the horizontal element of music because it moves in a line; it is
derived from the tones of a scale in a musical system.
Harmony
It combines tones when played together bring out a pleasant sound.
It is considered as vertical element of music. We can think of harmony
in terms of chords. Two or more tones play simultaneously to add
depth and texture to a complementing melody.
Texture
It refers to the ‘thickness or ‘thinness’ of segments in a music
composition produced by the combinations of the elements of music
particularly melody and harmony. Musical textures come in 3 general
types: monophonic, homophonic, polyphonic.
1. Monophonic- is melody singing alone without accompaniment.
2. Homophonic- is when a melody is accompanied by a guitar or when
a piano accompanies singing with chords.
3. Polyphonic- is when two melodies are played together
simultaneously.
Form
It refers to the musical structure or musical form that comprised
musical elements that are put together. Repetition, variation and
contrast (RVC) are organic principles in any artistic creation.
A binary form would be an A-B structure representing one or two
different musical ideas. Example is Blowing In The Wind.
A ternary form (song form) has 3 sections with an A-B-A formula;
wherein motif A is repeated after motif B. Example is Twinkle, Twinkle,
Little Star.
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Philippine Music
Rondalla
It is composed of string instruments played by using plectrums (known
locally as pik) like banduria, octavina, laud, guitar and arco de bajo
(string bass)
Octavina
Banduria
Laud Classic Guitar
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Kulintangan
Indigenous music ensemble among the Islamized groups in Mindanao
will have kulintang, agong and debakan. The following can be added :
gandingan, ganding, seronay.
Kulintang Agong
Sarunay
Debakan
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5 FILIPINO NATIONAL ARTISTS IN
MUSIC
LUCRECIA R. KASILAG
ANTONINO BUENAVENTURA
Lucrecia R. Kasilag, an
Antonino R. Buenaventura educator, composer, performing artist,
vigorously pursued a musical career administrator and cultural
that spanned seven decades of entrepreneur of national and
unwavering commitment to international caliber, had involved
advancing the frontiers of Philippine herself wholly in sharpening the
music. In 1935, Buenaventura joined Filipino audience’s appreciation of
Francisca Reyes-Aquino to conduct music.
research on folksongs and dances
that led to its popularization. Her orchestral music includes
Love Songs, Legend of the
This once sickly boy who Sarimanok, Ang Pamana, Philippine
played the clarinet proficiently has Scenes, Her Son, Jose, Sisa and
written several marches such as the chamber music like Awit ng mga Awit
“Triumphal March,” “Echoes of the Psalms, Fantaisie on a 4-Note Theme,
Past,” “History Fantasy,” Second and East Meets Jazz Ethnika.
Symphony in E-flat, “Echoes from
the Philippines,” “Ode to Freedom.”
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LUCIO SAN PEDRO JOSE MACEDA
Lucio San Pedro is a master
composer, conductor, and teacher Jose Maceda, composer,
whose music evokes the folk musicologist, teacher and performer,
elements of the Filipino heritage. explored the musicality of the Filipino
Cousin to “Botong” Francisco, San deeply. Maceda embarked on a life-
Pedro produced a wide-ranging body long dedication to the understanding
of works that includes band music, and popularization of Filipino
concertos for violin and orchestra, traditional music
choral works, cantatas, chamber
music, music for violin and piano, and Usually performed as a
songs for solo voice. communal ritual, his compositions
like Ugma-ugma(1963), Pagsamba
His orchestral music include The (1968), and Udlot-udlot (1975), are
Devil’s Bridge, Malakas at Maganda monuments to his unflagging
Overture,Prelude and Fugue in D
commitment to Philippine music.
minor, Hope and Ambition; choral
Other major works include Agungan,
music Easter Cantata, Sa Mahal
Kong Bayan, Rizal’s Valedictory Kubing, Pagsamba, Ugnayan, Ading,
Poem; vocal music Lulay,Sa Ugoy ng Aroding, Siasid, Suling-suling.
Duyan, In the Silence of the Night;
and band music Dance of the Fairies,
Triumphal March, Lahing
Kayumanggi, Angononian March
among others.
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RYAN CAYABYAB
Mr. C is the most
accomplished composer, arranger,
and musical director in the Philippine
music industry since this bloomed
beginning 1970s. His learned, skillful,
and versatile musical style spans a
wide range of genres: from
conservatory or art compositions
The presented national artists in Music
such as concert religious music,
are pre-selected based on the top famous
symphonic work, art song, opera, and
artists. For the complete list and other
concerto to mainstream popular
category of national artists, you may visit
idioms in the music industry and in
the link below:
live contemporary multimedia shows
(musical theater, dance, and film). https://ncca.gov.ph/about-culture-and-arts/culture-
profile/national-artists-of-the-philippines
Rama-Hari (Two-act musical
ballet, 1980)
Katy! The Musical (Two-act
musical, 1988)
Smokey Mountain (Pop CD
album, 1990)
One Christmas (Christmas
Album, 1993)
Noli Me Tangere (Tele-sine
musical, 1995)
Spoliarium (Three-act opera,
2003)
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Key Points
Music organizes the movement of sounds through time; which are
structured and continuous, uniform and synchronous.
The two main medium of Music, tone and Voice.
The four qualities of a tone are; Timbre, Pitch, Duration and Intensity.
The four kinds of musical instruments are; String, Woodwind,
Percussion and Brass.
The five elements of Music are; Rhythm, Melody, Texture, Harmony
and Form.
Rondalla and Kulintangan are the two examples of Philippine Music
ensemble.
ENHANCEMENT LEARNING (20 pts)
In a paragraph with minimum of ten sentences, describe
how music and musical instruments change the course of a life
as an individual, an Aviation student and a member of society?
How life would be different if there is no appreciation to Music?
Why or why not?
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FLEXIBLE OUTPUT: (100 pts)
Topic: Music and Aviation
Activity: Music beat or song making
Objective: To apply the significance of Music student’s mental health
1. Students are task to create their desired and applicable beat music or song
related to the target theme of the topic.
2. To those who wish to express their music to a song, they could make a duo
for assistance in lyrics or making beat.
3. Note that the central theme must be in promotion of mental health
particularly to the students
4. After producing a music, write a one paragraph with minimum of 5-10
sentences message of the song or music. This is to put in word docx, save as
pdf with file name SURNAME/S_M6
5. Links below are the recommended and easy access music lab sites to
assist students to create music beat and record. However, this does not limit
the students to explore more efficient site or software that could even help
you.
6. Rubrics for grading:
Music arrangement- 25
Creativity- 25
Relation to the theme- 20
Content message- 30
Total: 100
Recommended Musiclab sites:
https://musiclab.chromeexperiments.com/Experiments
https://html5drummachine.com/virtual-drum-machine/
https://www.soundtrap.com/
https://splice.com/sounds/beatmaker/pbn
http://sampulator.com/
https://buildingbeats.org/toolbox
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REFERENCE:
BLANCO, F. (1970, January 01). Lesson 6 : Music. Retrieved December, 2020, from
http://scchumanities.blogspot.com/2010/07/lesson-6-music.html
Jeffrey Arlo Brown · Photography Jeffrey Arlo Brown / Screenshots from X-Plane 10 · Date
09/28/2017. (2017, October 26). Sound in Flight. Retrieved December, 2020, from
https://van-us.atavist.com/sound-in-flight
Order of National Artists. (2019, September 07). Retrieved December, 2020, from
https://ncca.gov.ph/about-culture-and-arts/culture-profile/national-artists-of-the-
philippines/
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