Pre-Medical : Biology

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EXERCISE-I (Conceptual Questions) Build Up Your Understanding
MENDELISM 9. How many types & in what ratio the gametes are
1. On which plant Mendel had carried out his produced by a dihybrid heterozygous :-
investigations :- (1) 4 types in the ratio of 9:3:3:1
(1) Garden - pea (2) Wild pea (2) 2 types in the ratio of 3:1
(3) Cow-pea (4) Pigeon pea (3) 3 types in the ratio of 1:2:1
(4) 4 types in the ratio of 1:1:1:1
2. During breeding the removal of anthers from a
flower is called :- 10. How many gametes are produced in F 1 generation
(1) Anthesis (2) Pollination of a trihybrid :-
(3) Emasculation (4) Vasectomy (1) 3 (2) 4
(3) 8 (4) 16
3. Mendel formulated the law of purity of gametes on
the basis of :- 11. Which genotype represents a true dihybrid condition
(1) Dihybrid cross (1) tt rr (2) Tt rr

N
(2) Monohybrid cross (3) Tt Rr (4) TT Rr
(3) Back cross
12. Mendelian ratio 9:3:3:1 is due to :-

0
(4) Test cross (1) Law of segregation

-2
4. A cross between AaBB X aa BB yields a genotypic (2) Law of purity of gametes
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ratio of :- (3) Law of independent assortment

19
(1) 1 AaBB: 1 aaBB (4) Law of unit characters
(2) 1 AaBB : 3 aaBB
13. In a cross between a pure tall plant with green pod
(3) 3AaBB : 1 aa BB
(4) All AaBb
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& a pure short plant with yellow pod. How many
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short plants are produced in F2 generation out of

5. In monohybrid cross what is the ratio of homozygous 16 :-

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(1) 1 (2) 3
dominant and homozygous recessive individuals in
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(3) 4 (4) 9
F2–generation :-

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(1) 1:2:1 (2) 2:1 / 1:2 14.
ss

In a dihybrid cross between AABB and aabb the

(3) 3:1 / 1:3 (4) 1:1 ratio of AABB, AABb, aaBb, aabb in F2 generation
is :-
Se

6. The cross between recessive to it's hybrid or it's F1

(1) 9:3:3:1 (2) 1:1:1:1
A

plant is called :-
(3) 1:2:2:1 (4) 1:1:2:2
(1) Back cross (2) Test cross
(3) Monohybrid cross (4) Dihybrid cross 15. AABbCc genotype forms how many types of
gametes :-
7. What is the genotypic and phenotypic ratio of
(1) 4 (2) 8
monohybrid test cross :-
(3) 2 (4) 6
(1) 1:1 (2) 1:2
(3) 3:1 (4) 1:2:1 16. Who rediscovered the results of Mendel's
experiments :-
8. Dihybrid cross proves the law of :-
(1) DeVries, Tschemark, Correns
(1) Segregation
(2) DeVries, Tschemark, Morgan
(2) Purity of gametes
(3) Tschemark, Morgan, Correns
(3) Dominance
(4) Tschemark, Bateson, Punnet,
(4) Independent assortment
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17. Crossing AABB & aabb, the probability of AaBb 27. Which technique is used by Mendel for hybridisation
would be in F2 generation :- (1) Emasculation (2) Bagging
(1) 1/16 (2) 2/16 (3) 8/16 (4) 4/16 (3) Protoplast fusion (4) 1 & 2 both

18. In Mendel's experiments, colour of seed, nature of 28. When flowers are unisexual then emasculation is
flower, position of flower, colour of pod, height of done in :-
stem, are called :- (1) Female (2) Male
(1) Alleles (2) Genotype (3) 1 & 2 both (4) None of these
(3) Phenotype (4) All of the above
29. How many plants are dihybrid in F2 generation of
19. If 120 Plants are produced on crossing pure red dihybrid cross :-
and pure white flowered pea plants, than the ratio (1) One (2) Two
of offsprings will be :- (3) Four (4) Sixteen
(1) 90 Red : 30 White (2) 30 Red : 90 White
30. When a plant have two alleles of contrasting
(3) 60 Red : 60 White (4) All Red
characters it is called :-
20. An individual with two identical members of a pair (1) Homozygous (2) Dioecious

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of genetic factors is called :- (3) Heterozygous (4) Monoecious
(1) Heteromorphic (2) Heterozygote
31. Heterozygous tall plants were crossed with dwarf

0
(3) Homomorphic (4) Homozygote
plants. what will be the ratio of dwarf plants in the

-2
21. Two allelic genes are located on : progeny :-
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(1) The same chromosome (1) 50% (2) 25%

19
(2) Two homologous chromosomes (3) 75% (4) 100%
(3) Two-non-homologous chromosomes
(4) Any two chromosomes 32. A pure tall plant can be differentiated from a hybrid

22.
tall plant : 20
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The percentage of ab gametes produced by AaBb (1) By measuring length of plant
parent will be :- (2) By spraying gibberalins
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(1) 12.5 (2) 25 (3) 50 (4) 75 (3) If all plants are tall after self-pollination
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23. How many character of pea pod were chosen by (4) If all plants are dwarf after self-pollination
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Mendel :-
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33. Genetic constitution of an individual is represented

(1) 7 (2) 5 (3) 4 (4) 2
by :-
24. Mendel's law of segregation is based on separation (1) Genome (2) Genotype
Se

of alleles during :- (3) Phenotype (4) Karyotype

A

(1) Gamete formation

34. Genes do not occur in pairs in :-
(2) Seed formation
(3) Pollination (1) Zygote (2) Somatic cell
(4) Embryonic development (3) Embryo (4) Gametes

25. When two hybrids Ttrr & Rrtt are crossed, the 35. "Like begets like" an important and universal
phenotypic ratio of offspring shell be :- phenomenon of life, is due to :-
(1) 3:1 (2) 1:1:1:1 (1) Eugenics (2) Inheritance
(3) 1:1 (4) 9:3:3:1 (3) dominance (4) Crossing-over

26. The allele which is unable to express its effect in 36. How many types of gametes are expected from
the presence of another is called :- the organism with genotype AABBCC:-
(1) Co-dominant (2) Supplementary (1) One (2) Two
(3) Complementary (4) Recessive (3) Four (4) Eight
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37. One of the following did not constitute the seven 44. A trihybrid cross is made between two plants with
contrasting pairs of characters noticed by Mendel genotypes A/a B/b C/c how many offsprings of
(1) Height of the plants (2) Shape of the leaves such cross will have a genotype a/a b/b c/c –
(3) Shape of pod (4) Colour of pod (1) 1/64 (2) 1/4
(3) 1/16 (4) 1/32
38. According to Mendelism which character is showing
45. How is the arrangement of Mendel’s selected seven
dominance-
characters on four chromosomes :–
(1) Terminal position of flower
(1) One in ch. no. 1, 4 in ch. no. 4, one in ch.
(2) Green colour in seed coat no. 5, and one in ch. no. 7
(3) Wrinkled seeds (2) 2 in ch. no. 1, 3 in ch. no. 4, one in ch. no.
(4) Green pod colour 5 and one in ch. no. 6
(3) 3 in ch. no. 1, 1 in ch. no. 4, 2 in ch. no. 5
39. Due to the cross between TTRr ×ttrr the resultant
and one in ch. no. 7
progenies showed how many percent plants would
(4) 2 in ch. no. 1, 3 in ch. no. 4, 1 in ch. no. 5
be, tall, red flowered :– and 1 in ch. no. 7

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(1) 50% (2) 75%
(3) 25% (4) 100% 46. When two different genotypes produce the same
phenotype due to environmental difference, then

0
40. Mendel obtained wrinkled seeds in pea due to each one is known as :-

-2
deposition of sugars instead of starch. It was due (1) Phenotype
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to which enzyme :– (2) Phenocopy

19
(1) Amylase (3) Progeny
(2) Invertase (4) Independent offspring
(3) Diastase
(4) Absence of starch branching enzyme
47. 20
When a red flower homozygous pea plant is crossed
with a white flower plant what colour is produced in
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41. A gene said to be dominant if :– F1 :-
(1) Red (2) White
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(1) It express it's effect only in homozygous stage.
(2) It expressed only in heterozygous condition (3) Pink (4) Red + white
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(3) It expressed both in homozygous and 48. If a heterozygous tall plant is crossed with a
ss

heterozygous condition. homozygous dwarf plant then what shall be the

(4) It never expressed in any condition. percentage of dwarf in offspring :-
Se

(1) 25% (2) 100%

42. A plant of F1–generation with genotype "AABbCC".
(3) 75% (4) 50%
A

On selfing of this plant what is the phenotypic ratio

in F2–generation :– 49. If a homozygous tall plant is crossed with a dwarf
(1) 3 : 1 plant, what shall be the ratio of plants in offsprings :-
(2) 1 : 1 (1) All heterozygous tall
(3) 9 : 3 : 3 : 1 (2) Two tall & Two dwarf
(4) 27 : 9 : 9 : 9 : 3 : 3 : 3 : 1 (3) 1:2:1
(4) All homozygous dwarf
43. Which one of the following traits of garden pea
studied by Mendel, was a recessive feature:- 50 How many different types of gametes can be formed
(1) Axial flower position by F1 progeny, resulting from the following cross
(2) Green seed colour : AA BB CC x aa bb cc
(3) Green pod colour (1) 3 (2) 8
(4) Round seed shape (3) 27 (4) 64

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51. In order to find out the different types of gametes 60. A trihybrid cross involve three pair of characters
produced by a pea plant having the genotype AaBb, which will give rise to the F1 hybrids which are
it should be crossed to a plant with the genotype heterozygous for three genes. How many types of
(1) AaBb (2) aabb gametes will be produced in both male and female-
(3) AABB (4) aaBB (1) 2 (2) 4 (3) 6 (4) 8

52. Law of independent assortment of Mendel was 61. When an F1 individual is crossed with its either of
proved by :- the two parent. Then it is known as :-
(1) Monohybrid cross (2) Reciprocal cross (1) Test cross (2) Back cross
(3) Dihybrid cross (4) Back cross (3) Reciprocal cross (4) Monohybrid cross

53. Mendel does not select which character in his 62. If a homozygous red flowered plant is crossed with
experiment :- white plant, the offspring will be :-
(1) Plant height (2) Plant colour (1) All red flowered (2) All white flowered
(3) Pod shape (4) Pod colour (3) Half red flowered (4) Half white flowered

54. Genes controlling seven traits in pea studied by 63. How many types of genotypes are formed in F2

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Mendel were actually located on :- progeny obtained from self polination of a dihybrid
(1) Seven chromosomes F1 :-
(1) 9 (2) 3 (3) 6 (4) 1

0
(2) Six chromosomes
(3) Four chromosomes

-2
64. If a dwarf plant is treated with gibberellins it
(4) Five chromosomes
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tall plant then progeny of first generation (F1) is

19
55. Two crosses between the same pair of genotypes
(1) All dwarf
or phenotypes in which the sources of the gametes
(2) All tall
are reversed in one cross, is known as :-
(1) Test cross (2) Reciprocal cross
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(3) 75% tall and 25% dwarf
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(4) 75% dwarf and 25% tall
(3) Dihybrid cross (4) Reverse cross
65. A test cross is performed :
n
56. If selfing occurs in the plant having genotype RrYy,
(1) by selfing of F2-generation plants
then ratio of given genotype will be :- RRYY, RrYY,
io

(2) by selfing of F1-generation plants

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RRYy, RrYy
(3) to determine whether F1-plant is homozgous or
ss

(1) 1:2:2:4 (2) 1:2:2:1

heterozygous
(3) 1:1:1:1 (4) 2:2:2:1
(4) between a homozygous dominant and
Se

57. The process of mating between closely related homozygous recessive plant
A

individuals is :-
66. If a cross is made between AA and aa, the nature
(1) Out-breeding (2) Inbreeding
of F1 progeny will be :-
(3) Hybridisation (4) Heterosis
(1) genotypically AA, phenotypically a
58. A self–fertilizing trihybrid plant forms :- (2) genotypically Aa, phenotypically a
(1) 8 different gametes and 32 zygotes (3) genotypically Aa, phenotypically A
(2) 8 different gametes and 64 zygotes (4) genotypically aa, phenotypically A
(3) 4 different gametes and 16 zygotes
67. When a tall plant with round seeds (TTRR) is crossed
(4) 8 different gametes and 16 zygotes
with a dwarf plant with wrinkled seeds (ttrr), the
59. Segregation of genes take place during : F1 generation consists of tall plants with rounded
(1) Metaphase (2) Anaphase seeds. How many types of gametes F1 plant would
(3) Prophase (4) Embryo formation porduce :-
(1) One (2) Three
(3) Four (4) Eight
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68. A pure tall and a pure dwarf plant were crossed 75. How many types of genetically different gametes
to produce offsprings. Offsprings were self crossed, will be produced by a heterozygous plant having the
then find out the ratio between true breeding tall genotype AABbCc?
to true breding dwarf :- (1) Two (2) Four
(1) 1 : 1 (2) 3 : 1 (3) Six (4) Nine

(3) 2 : 1 (4) 1 : 2 : 1 76. The phenotypic ratio in a back cross between a

trihybrid and homozygous recessive parent would
69. If hybrid red flowered plants of pea are crossed
be :-
back to pure red flowered parent, the progeny will
(1) 1 : 1
show :-
(2) 1 : 1 : 1 : 1
(1) All red flowered plants
(3) 1 : 1 : 1 : 1 : 1 : 1
(2) White flowered plants (4) 1 : 1 : 1 : 1 : 1 : 1 : 1 : 1
(3) 50% red and 50% white flowered plants
(4) 3 Red : 1 white flowered plants 77. Among the seven pairs of contrasting traits in pea
plant, studied by Mendel, the number of traits

N
70. What result Mendel would have got when he self related to flower, pod and seed respectively was:-
pollinated a dwarf F2 plant ? (1) 2, 2, 2 (2) 2, 2, 1
(1) All tall plants (3) 1, 2, 2 (4) 1, 1, 2

0
(2) Tall and dwarf plants in 3:1 ratio
78. Some of the dominant traits studied by Mendel

-2
(3) All dwarf plants
E were :-
(4) Tall and dwarf plants in 1:1 ration
(1) Round seed shape, constricted pod shape and

19
71. Mendel's laws of inheritance are applicable on the axial flower position
plants which :- (2) Yellow seed colour, inflated pod shape and axial

(1) Reproduce asexually 20

flower position
(3) Yellow seed colour, violet flower colour and
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(2) Reproduce sexually
yellow pod colour
(3) Reproduce vegetatively
n
(4) Axial flower position, green pod colour and
(4) All of the above plants
green seed colour
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72. Dihybrid test cross ratio proposed by Mendel is
79. The colour based contrasting traits in seven
ss

(1) 9 : 3 : 3 : 1
contrasting pairs studied by Mendel in pea were
(2) 1 : 1 : 1 : 1
(1) 1 (2) 2
Se

(3) 1 : 2 : 2 : 4 : 1 : 2 : 1 : 2 : 1
(3) 3 (4) 4
(4) 3 : 1
A

80. Mendel observed that all the F1 progeny plants.

73. A cross between pure tall pea plant with green pods (1) resembled either one of the parents
and dwarf pea with yellow pods will produce tall F 2 (2) resembled neither of the parents
plants, out of 16, (3) resembled both of the parents
(1) 15 (2) 13 (4) shows 3 : 1 ratio
(3) 12 (4) 7
81. Accoding to Mendel, "factors" or "genes"
74. Mendel's Principle of segregation means that the (1) are the units of inheritance
gamete cells always receive :- (2) contain information that is required to express
(1) one pair of alleles a particular trait
(2) one quarter of the genes (3) Both 1 and 2
(3) one of the paired alleles (4) None of the above
(4) any pair of alleles
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82. The phenotype of any character will not be affected 89. In case of incomplete dominance, F2 generation has:-
if the modified allele produces– (1) Genotypic ratio equal to phenotypic ratio
(1) Normal enzyme (2) Genotypic ratio is 3:1
(2) Non-functional enzyme (3) Phenotypic ratio is 3:1
(3) No-enzyme at all (4) None
(4) 2 and 3 both
90. Incomplete dominance occurs in :-
83. The recessive characters are –
(1) Mirabilis (2) Antirrhinum
(1) Only expressed in heterozygous condition
(3) Andulasion fowl (4) All of the above
(2) Only expressed in homozygous condition
(3) Blend in heterozygous condition 91. Which cross yields red, white & pink flowers variety
(4) Always impure of dog flower :-

ALLELIC & NON-ALLELIC GENE INTERACTIONS (1) RR X Rr (2) Rr X RR

84. In Mirabilis & Antirrhinum plant the appearence of (3) Rr X Rr (4) Rr X rr

N
the pink hybrid (Rr) between cross of a red (RR)
92. Which of the following is exception to Mendel's laws
and white (rr) flower parent indicates :-
(1) Incomplete dominance (1) Linkage

0
(2) Segregation (2) Incomplete dominance

-2
(3) Dominance (3) Co-dominance
(4) Heterosis
E (4) All of the above

19
85. RR(red) is crossed with rr (white). All Rr offsprings
93. In a dihybrid cross, when one pair of alleles show
are pink. This indicates that R-gene is
incomplete dominance, genotypic ratio comes to
(1) Hybrid
(2) Incompletely dominant
20
(1) 3 : 6 : 3 : 1 : 2 : 1
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(3) Recessive (2) 1 : 2 : 2 : 4 : 1 : 2 : 1 : 2 : 1
(4) Mutant
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(3) 9 : 3 : 3 : 1
(4) 1 : 2 : 1
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86. In case of incomplete dominance the monohybrid

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ratio of phenotypes in F2 generation is :-

94. Which of the following is the example of co-
ss

(1) 1:2:1 (2) 3:1:1

dominance :-
(3) 9:3:3:1 (4) 2:3:1
(1) HbA HbA, IA IB (2) Hbs Hbs, IA IB
Se

87. When the phenotypic and genotypic ratios resemble (3) HbA Hbs, IA IB (4) Hbs Hbs, IA IA
A

in the F2 generation it is an example of :-

(1) Independant assortment 95. Which of the following conditions represent a case
(2) Qualitative inheritance of co-dominant genes.
(3) Segregation of factors (1) A gene expresses itself, suppressing the
(4) Incomplete dominance phenotypic effect of its alleles

88. In Mirabilis jalapa when homozygous red flowered (2) Genes that are similar in phenotypic effect when
present separately, but when together interact
and white flowered plants are crossed, all F1 plants
to produce a different trait
have pink coloured flowers. In F2 produced by selfing
(3) Allele, both of which interact to produce a trait,
of F1 plants, red, pink, white flowered plants would
which may resemble either of the parental type.
appear respectively in the ratio of :-
(4) Alleles, each of which produces an independent
(1) 1:1:2 (2) 2:1:1
effect in heterozygous condition.
(3) 1:0:1 (4) 1:2:1
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96. The phenomenon of incomplete dominance was 105. A man of A blood group marries a woman of AB
observed by :- blood group. which type of progeny would indicate
(1) De vries (2) Correns that man is heterozygous A :-
(3) Tschermak (4) None (1) AB (2) A
(3) O (4) B
97. Mendel did not propose :-
(1) Dominance 106. A child of O blood group, has B-blood group father,
(2) Incomplete dominance the genotype of father would be :-
(3) Segregation (1) I0I0 (2) IBIB
(4) Independent assortment (3) I I
A B
(4) IBI0

98. The phenomenon in which an allele of one gene 107. When a red flowered plant was cross pollinated by
suppresses the expression of an allele of another white flowered one and the offspring were self
gene is known as :- pollinated to obtain a phenotypic ratio of 1:2:1, it
(1) Dominance (2) Inactivation has to be a case of :-
(3) Epistasis (4) Suppression (1) Incomplete dominance

N
(2) Dominance
99. When two independentaly assorting dominant genes
(3) Recessive epistasis
interact with each other to produce perticular
(4) Pleurotropic effect of genes

0
phenotype but when they present alone they did
not produce phenotype they are called :-

-2
108. Andalucian fowl exhibits :-
(1) Complementary gene (2) Supplementary gene
E (1) Phenotypic blending
(3) Duplicate gene (4) Inhibitory gene

19
(2) Mosaic inheritance
100. AB - Blood group shows :- (3) Epistasis
(1) Co-dominance (4) Co-dominance
(2) Complete dominance
20
109. A gene that shows it's effect on more than one
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(3) Mixed inheritance character is :-
(4) Composite inheritance (1) Polygene
n
101. ABO blood group is an example of :- (2) Pleotropic gene
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(3) Multifactor gene

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(1) Epistasis (2) Multiple allelism
(4) Multiple gene
ss

(3) Pleotropism (4) Complementary genes

102. A child is blood group is 'O'. His parents blood group 110. In multiple allele system a gamete possesses :-
Se

can not be :- (1) Two alleles (2) Three alleles

(3) One allele (4) Several alleles
A

(1) B & O (2) A & O (3) AB (4) A & B

103. If one parent has blood group A and the other 111. Blood grouping in humans is controlled by:-
parent has blood group B. The offsprings have (1) 4 alleles in which IA is dominant
which blood group :- (2) 3 alleles in which IA and IB are dominant
(1) AB only (2) O only (3) 2 alleles in which none is dominant
(3) B only (4) A, B, AB, O (4) 3 alleles in which IA is recessive

104. Ratio 9:7 is due to :- 112. Multiple alleles are present :-

(1) Supplementary genes (1) In different chromosomes
(2) Lethal genes (2) At different loci on chromosome
(3) complementary genes (3) At the same locus on homologous chromosomes
(4) Epistatic genes (4) At the non homologous chromosome

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113. Epistasis differs from dominance because 120. Epistasis implies :-
(1) In epistasis one gene pair mask the expression (1) One pair of genes can completely mask the
of another pair of genes. expression of another pair of genes
(2) Epistasis is an allelic interaction. (2) One pair of genes independently controls a
(3) Many genes collectively controls a particular particular phenotype
phenotype. (3) One pair of genes enhances the phenotypic
(4) One gene pair independently controls a expression of another pair of genes
particular phenotype. (4) Many genes collectively control a particular
phenotype
114. In a genetic cross having recessive epistasis, F2
phenotypic ratio would be :- 121. The possible blood groups of children born to
parents having A and AB groups are :-
(1) 9:6:1 (2) 15:1
(1) O, A (2) A, B, AB
(3) 9:3:4 (4) 12:3:1
(3) O, A, B (4) O, A, B, AB
115. Sickle cell anaemia induces due to :-
122. A man with blood group B marries a female with
(1) Change of Amino Acid in a – chain of Haemoglobin

N
blood group A and their first child is having blood
(2) Change of Amino Acid in b – chain of Haemoglobin group B. What is the genotype of child :-
(3) Change of Amino Acid in both a and b chain (1) IAIB (2) IAIO (3) IBIO (4) IBIB

0
of Haemoglobin
123. A child with mother of blood group A and father
(4) Change of Amino acid either a or b chain of

-2
of blood group AB, will not have which of the
Haemoglobin
E following blood group :-

19
(1) A (2) B (3) AB (4) O
116. What would be the colour of flower in F 1 progeny
as a result of cross between homozygous red and 124. If mother has blood group B, father has A group,
homozygous white flowered Snapdragon :-
(1) Red (2) White
20
the offspring will be of :-
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(1) A (2) O
(3) Red and White (4) Pink (3) AB (4) any of the above
n
117. Incomplete dominance is found in :- 125. Two nonallelic genes produces the new phenotype
io

(1) Pisum sativum wh en present t oget her but fail to do so

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(2) Antrrhinum majus independently then it is called :–

ss

(3) Both Pisum sativum and Antirrhinum majus (1) Epistatisis

(2) Polygene
(4) None of these
Se

(3) Non complimentary gene

118. In Mirabilis red (RR) and white (rr) flower produces (4) Complimenatry gene
A

pink (Rr) flower. A plant with pink flower is crossed

126. Sickel cell anemia is the result of __________
with white flower the expected phenotypic ratio
is :- mutation in the haemoglobin gene :-
(1) red : pink : white (1 : 2: 1) (1) frame shift (2) deletion
(2) pink : white (1 : 1) (3) point (4) none of the above
(3) red : pink (1 : 1) 127. When both alleles of a pair are fully expressed in
(4) red : white (3 : 1) a heterozygote, theye are called :-
119. A child with mother of 'A' blood group and father (1) Lethals
of 'AB' blood group will be :- (2) Co-dominants
(1) O (2) A (3) Semi-dominants
(3) A and O (4) O and B (4) Recessive allele

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128. In the inheritance of flower colour in dog flower 135. In sickle cell anaemia–
plant, the F1 had a phenotype that (1) The mutant haemoglobin molecule undergoes
(1) resembles both of the parents polymerisation under low oxygen tension causing
(2) did not resembles either of the two parents the change in the shape of RBC
(3) resembles with only one parent (2) Substitution of Glutamic acid by valine at the
(4) 1 and 3 both sixth position of the a-chain of haemoglobin
(3) Th e mutant hae moglobin undergo es
129. The three different alleles of human ABO blood
polymerization under high oxygen tension
types will produce how many genotypes &
causing the change in shape of RBC
phenotypes respectively–
(4) a-globin chain is modified
(1) 4 & 6 (2) 6 & 4
(3) 6 & 6 (4) 4 & 4 136. In a cross between true red flowered (RR) and true
breeding white flowered (rr), snapdragon plant, the
130. Other than pea plants it was found that sometimes
F1(Rr) was pink. When the F1 was self pollinated the
the F1 had a phenotype that did not resemble either
F2 resulted in the following ratio 1(RR) red; 2(Rr) pink;
of the two parents and was in between the two. It is
1(rr) white. Above condition can be explained by–

N
due to
(1) True dominance
(1) Complete Dominance
(2) Incomplete dominance
(2) Incomplete Dominance
(3) Lethal gene

0
(3) Co-Dominance
(4) Independent assortment

-2
(4) Complementary gene interaction
E
131. Which of the following material is good to
137. In case of ABO blood group allele IA and IB if present

19
together then –
understand incomplete dominance
(1) Ony IA allele expresses
(1) Sweet Pea (2) Cattle
(2) Only IB allele expresses
(3) Snapdrogon (4) Kernel colour in wheat 20
(3) Both IA and IB alleles express
LL
132. Find out the correct match – (4) None of these
(1) F1 resembled either of the two parents - Dominance
POLYGENIC AND CYTOPLASMIC INHERITANCE
n
(2) F1 resembled in between -incomplete dominance
io

(3) F1 resembled both parent - Co-dominance 138. A polygenic inheritance in human beings is

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(4) All are correct (1) skin colour
ss

(2) sickle cell anaemia

133. Which of the following condition is true for
(3) colour blindness
codominance–
Se

(1) Phenotype of F1 resembled either of the two (4) phenylketonuria

A

parents 139. Which one carries extra nuclear genetic material

(2) Phenotype of F1 did not resemble either of two
(1) Plastids (2) Ribosomes
parents
(3) Chromosomes (4) Golgi-complex
(3) Phenotype of F1 resembles both parents
(4) None of these 140. When certain character is inherited only through
the female parent, it probably represents the case
134. Which of the followig is a good example of multiple
of :-
allele–
(1) Mendelian nuclear inheritance
(1) ABO blood groups
(2) Multiple plastid inheritance
(2) Size of starch grain in pea
(3) Cytoplasmic inheritance
(3) Shape of seed
(4) Incomplete dominance
(4) Flower colour in pea

44 E
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141. Cytoplasmic male sterility is inherited :- 149. In totmato, genotype aabbcc produces 100g
(1) Maternally to mat oe s a nd AABB CC pro duces 160g
(2) Paternally tomatoes. What is contribution of each polygene
(3) Both in the production of tomatoes:-
(4) Bacteriophage multiplication (1) 10 g (2) 20 g
(3) 30 g (4) 40 g
142. In which type of inheritance the results are affected
by reciprocal cross :- 150. A polygenic trait is controlled by 3 genes A, B and
(1) Nuclear (2) Cytoplasmic C. In a cross AaBbCc × AaBbCc, the phenotypic
ratio of the offsprings was observed as :
(3) Blending (4) All the above
1 : 6 : × : 20 : × : 6 : 1
143. The scientist who first discovered cytoplasmic - what is the possible value of x ?
inheritance was :- (1) 3 (2) 9 (3) 15 (4) 25
(1) Correns (2) Rhoades
151. Gene for cytoplasmic male sterility in plants are
(3) Mendel (4) Morgan
generally located in the :-

N
144. Extranuclear inheritance is a consequence of (1) chloroplast genome
presence of genes in :- (2) mitochondrial genome
(1) Lysosomes and ribosomes (3) nucleaer genome

0
(2) Mitochondria and chloroplasts (4) cytosol

-2
(3) Endoplasmic reticulum and mitochondria LINKAGE, SEX LINKAGE
E
(4) Ribosomes and chloroplast 152. What is the inheritance of colour blindness of both

19
parents having a normal vision but mother has a
145. Inheritance of skin colour in human beings is an
recessive gene for colour blindness :-
example of :-
(1) Complementary gene (2) Monogenic inheritance 20Son Daughter
LL
(3) Polygenic inheritance (4) Mendelian inheritance
(1) 50% Nil
146. Polygenic genes show :-
n
(2) 100% Nil
(1) Identical phenotype
io

(3) Nil 100%

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(2) Identical biochemistry

(3) Different phenotype (4) Nil Nil
ss

(4) Identical genotype

153. What would be the nature of children if a colour
Se

147. A dihybrid ratio of 1:4:6:4:1 is obtained instead of blind woman marries a normal man :-
9:3:3:1. This is an example of :- (1) Colourblind daughter & normal sons
A

(1) Complementary gene (2) Colourblind sons and carrier daughters

(2) Supplementary gene (3) Normal sons & carrier daughters
(3) Polygenic inheritance (4) Normal sons & Normal daughters
(4) Incomplete dominance
154. A colourblind man marries a normal lady whose
148. In polygenic inheritance trait which controlled by father was colour blind. If it produces two sons &
three pairs of genes. Two individuals which are two daughters, how many of them would be suffer
heterozygous for three alleles, crossed each other. (1) Both sons
Such type of cross produces what phenotypic ratio :- (2) Both daughters
(1) 1 : 2 : 1 (3) One son & one daughter
(2) 9 : 3 : 3 : 1 (4) Both sons & both daughters
(3) 1 : 4 : 6 : 4 : 1
(4) 1 : 6 : 15 : 20 : 15 : 6 : 1

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155. A colourblind daughter is born when : 164. A single recessive trait which can express its effect
(1) Father is colourblind, mother is normal should occur on :-
(2) Mother is colourblind, father is normal
(1) Any autosome
(3) Mother is carrier, father is normal
(4) Mother is carrier, father is colourblind (2) Any-chromosome
(3) X-chromosome of female
156. Hypertrichosis is :-
(4) X- chromosome of male
(1) Holandric character (2) X-Linked character
(3) Diagenic character (4) Sex-influened character 165. Sex- linked disorders are generally :-
157. In which of the following the inheritance takes place (1) Lethal (2) Recessive
only by male :- (3) Dominant (4) Not inherited
(1) Nuclear (2) Cytoplasmic
(3) co-dominance (4) Holandric inheritance 166. In Drosophila crossing over occurs in female but
not in male. Gene A and B are 10 map unit apart
158. Which of the following is not a sex linked characters
on chromosome. A female Drosophila with
(1) Haemophilia (2) Colour blindness
(3) Hypertrichosis (4) Baldness AB

N
genotype . and male Drosophila with genotype
159. A gene located on Y-chromosome and therefore, ab
transmitted from father to son is known as:-
(1) Supplementary gene (2) Complementary gene AB

0
. How many type of gametes are produced
(3) Duplicate gene (4) Holandric gene ab

-2
160. The condition in which only one allele of a pair is
E by female and male Drosophila respectively
present in a diploid organism is known as :-

19
(1) 4 types : 2 types
(1) Homozygous
(2) 2 types : 2 types
(2) Heterozygous
(3) 4 types : 4 types
(3) Hemizygous
(4) Incomplete dominance
20
(4) 4 types : one types
LL
161. Baldness in man is a :- 167. In a cross between individuals homozygous for (a,
n
(1) Autosomal character b) and wild type (+ +). In this cross 700 out of 1000
(2) Sex linked character individuals were of parental type. Then the distance
io

(3) Sex influenced character

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between a and b is :-
(4) 1 and 3 both
ss

(1) 70 map unit (2) 35 map unit

162. A colourblind man marries a daughter of colourblind (3) 30 map unit (4) 15 map unit
father, then in the offsprings :-
Se

(1) All sons are colourblind 168. In maize coloured endosperm (C) is dominant over
A

(2) All daughters are colourblind colourless (c) and full endosperm (R) is dominant
(3) Half sons are colourblind over shrunken (r). When a dihybrid of F1-generation
(4) No daughter is colourblind was test crossed it produced four phenotypes in the
163. A woman with normal vision marries a man with following percentage
normal vision and gives birth to a colourblind son. Coloured and Full = 45%
Her husband dies and she marries a colourblind Coloured – Shrunken = 5%
man. what is the probability of her children having Colourless – Full = 4%
the abnormality :- Colourless – Shrunken = 46%
(1) 50% colourblind sons + 50% colourblind
From these data what would be distance between
daughters
the two non allelic genes :-
(2) All sons colourblind & daughter carrier
(3) All daughter colourblind & sons normal (1) 48 unit (2) 9 unit
(4) 50% sons colourblind and all daughters normal (3) 4 unit (4) 12 unit

46 E
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169. What ratio is expected in offsprings if father is colour 176. The recessive genes located on X–chromosome in
blind and mother's father was colour blind :- humans are always :-
(1) 50% daughter - colour blind (1) Expressed in females
(2) All the sons are colour blind (2) Lethal
(3) All the daughters colour blind (3) Sub–lethal
(4) All the sons are normal (4) Expressed in males
170. There are three genes a, b, c percentage of crossing
177. Lack of independent assortment of two genes A
over between a and b is 20%, b and c is 28%
and B in fruit fly is due to :-
and a and c is 8%. What is the sequence of genes
on chromosome (1) Crossing over
(1) b, a, c (2) a, b, c (2) Repulsion
(3) a, c, b (4) None (3) Recombination

171. The linkage map of X-chromosome of fruitfly has (4) Linkage

66 units, with yellow body gene (y) at one end and

N
178. A normal woman, whose father was colour–blind
bobbed hair (b) gene at the other end. The
recombination frequency between these two genes is married to a normal man. The sons would be
(y and b) should be :- (1) All colour–blind

0
(1) 60% (2) > 50% (2) 75% colour–blind

-2
(3) £ 50% (4) 100% (3) 50% colour–blind
E
19
172. Mammary glands in female, moustaches and beard (4) All normal
in human males are examples of
179. If father shows normal genotype and mother shows
(1) Sex linked traits
(2) Sex limited traits
20
a carrier trait for haemophelia
LL
(3) Sex differentiating traits (1) All the female children will be carrier
(4) Sex-determining traits (2) A male child has 50% chances of active disease
n
(3) Female child has probability of 50% to active
173. When a cluster of genes show linkage behaviour
io

disease
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they :-
(4) All the female children will be colourblind
ss

(1) Do not show a chromosome map

(2) Show recombination during meiosis
180. Which of the following show linkage group in
(3) Do not show independent assortment
Se

coupling phase :-
(4) Induce cell division
A

174. Genetic Map is one that :- (1) (2)

(1) Establishes sites of the genes on a chromosome
(2) Establishes the various stages in gene evolution
(3) Shows the stages during the cell division (3) (4)
(4) Shows the distribution of various species in a
region
181. The longer the chromosome of an organism, the
175. One of the genes present exclusively on the X– more genetic variability it gets from :-
chromosome in humans is concerned with (1) Independent assortment
(1) Baldness (2) Linkage
(2) Red green colour blindness. (3) Crossing over
(3) Facial hair/Moustaches in males. (4) Mutation
(4) Night blindness.

E 47
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ALLEN
182. A woman with normal vision, but whose father was 188. If there were only parental combinations in F2
colour blind, marries a colour blind man. Suppose of a dihybrid cross then Mendel might have
that the fourth child of this couple was a boy. This discovered :-
boy – (1) Independant assortment
(1) Must have normal colour vision (2) Atavism
(2) May be colour blind or may be normal vision (3) Linkage
(3) Will be partially colour blind since he is (4) Repulsion
heterozygous for the colour blind mutant allele
189. Linkage discovered in Drosophila by :-
(4) Must be colour blind
(1) Bateson (2) Morgan
183. Haemophilia is more commonly seen in human (3) Muller (4) Correns
males than in human females because –
(1) This disease is due to a Y–linked recessive 190. A dihybrid plant with incomplete linkage on test
mutation cross may produce how many types of plants:-
(2) This disease is due to an X–linked recessive (1) 2 (2) 4
mutation (3) 8 (4) 1

N
(3) This disease is due to an X–linked dominant
191. How many linkage group are there in bacteria
mutation
E.coli :-
(4) A greater proportion of girls die in infancy

0
(1) One (2) Two

-2
184. If Mendel has chosen to study traits determined by (3) Four (4) None
E
linked genes he would not have discovered
192. If distance between gene on chromosome is more,

19
(1) Law of segregation
then gene shows :-
(2) Law of dominance
(1) Weak linkage (2) Strong linkage
(3) Law of independant assortment
(4) Law of unit character 20
(3) Less crossing (4) 1 & 3 both
LL
193. Linked gene shows :-
185. Which law would have been violated if Mendel had
(1) Always parental combination
chosen eight characters in garden -pea :
n
(2) Sometimes new combinations
(1) Law of dominance
io

(3) Always new combination

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(2) Law of segregation
(4) New combination more
(3) Law of independant assortment
ss

(4) Law of purity of gametes 194. The number of linkage groups in a cell having 10
pairs of chromosomes are :-
Se

186. If Mendel might have studies 7 pairs of characters

(1) 5 (2) 10
in a plant with 12 chromosomes. instead of 14,
A

(3) 15 (4) 20
then :-
(1) He could not discover independant assortment 195. The association of parental characters combinations
(2) He might have not discovered linkage in the offsprings of a dihybrid is excess to non-
(3) He might have discovered crossing-over parental combinations is said to be due to :-
(4) He might have not observed dominance (1) Co-dominance (2) Blending inheritance
(3) Linkage (4) Duplicate genes
187. With increasing age the linkage becomes :-
(1) Strong 196. Complete linkage is found in :-
(2) Weak (1) Birds
(3) Terminates (2) Snakes
(4) Remains unchange (3) Female- Drosophila
(4) Male - Drosophila

48 E
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197. A phenomenon which works opposite to the linkage 203. Walter Sutton is famous for his contribution to :-
is :- (1) Gentic engineering
(1) Independent assortment (2) Totipotency
(2) Crossing-over (3) Qantitative genetics
(3) Segregation (4) Chromosomal theory of inheritance
(4) Mutation
204. If a colour blind man marries a girl who is normal
198. Cross over value (COV) of gene A and B is 5% while
( ho m o z y g o u s ) f o r t h is ch a r ac t r, t h e n
COV of genes B and C is 15% the possible sequence
genotypically :-
of these genes on chromosome is :-
(1) sons and daughters will be normal
(1) A-B-C
(2) sons wil be colour blind, daughters will be normal
(2) C-A-B
(3) B-C-A (3) sons will be normal, daughters wil be carriers
(4) Both (1) & (2) (4) both sons and daughters will be colour blind

199. TDF gene is a :- 205. Frequency of crossing over will be relatively more

N
(1) A gene present on X–chromosome if :-
(2) A segment of RNA (1) distance between the two genes is less
(3) A proteinaceous factor (2) distance between the two genes is more

0
(4) A gene present on Y–chromosome (3) linked genes are more

-2
(4) both (2) & (3)
200. A diseased man marries a normal woman. They
E
get three daughters and five sons. All the daughters 206. Presence of recombinants is due to :-

19
were diseased and sons were normal. The gene of (1) crossing over
this disease is :–
(2) linkage
(1) Sex linked dominant
(2) Sex linked recessive
20
(3) lack of independent assortment
LL
(4) all of the above
(3) Sex limited character
(4) Autosomal dominant
n
207. Morgan coined the term_____ to describe the
physical association of genes on a chromosome &
io

201. Who postulated the 'Chromosome Theory of

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Inheritance' :- the term_______ to describe the generation of

ss

(1) De Vries non-parental gene combinations.

(2) Mendel (1) Recombination; Linkage
Se

(3) Sutton and Boveri (2) Recombination; Non-recombination

(4) Morgan (3) Linkage; Non-recombination
A

(4) Linkage; Recombination

202. Drosophila melanogaster has :-
(1) 2 pairs of autosomes and 1 pair of sex 208. Experimental verification of the chromosomal
chromosomes theory of inheritance done by Thomas Hunt Morgan
(2) 3 pairs of autosomes and 3 pairs of sex and his colleagues they worked with –
chromosomes (1) Pea plant (2) Sweet pea plant
(3) 1 pairs of autosomes and 3 pairs of sex (3) Snapdragon (4) Drosophila
chromosomes 209. Which is incorrect for Drosophila melanogaster
(4) 3 pairs of autosomes and 1 pairs of sex (1) They could be grown on simple synthetic medium
chromosomes (2) Single mating could produce a large number of
progeny
(3) They complete their life cycle in about 7 weeks
(4) There was a clear differentiation of the sexes.
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210. Morgan and his group found that when genes were 218. In Drosophila, the sex is determined by :-
grouped on the same chromosome, some genes (1) The ratio of number of X–chromosomes to the
were very tightly linked and showed– sets of autosomes
(1) Very low recombination (2) X and Y chromosomes
(2) Higher recombination (3) The ratio of pairs of X-chromosomes to the pairs
(3) No recombination of autosomes
(4) 100% parental combination (4) Whether the egg is fertilized or develops
parthenogenetically
211. Which statement is not true for Drosophila
melanogaster– 219. In Drosophila male differentiation is controlled by:
(1) They complete their life cycle about two weeks (1) No. of Y–chromosome
(2) Single mating produce large number of progeny (2) No. of X–chromosomes
flies (3) Ratio between number of X–chromosome and
(3) It has few hereditary variation that can be seen the set of autosome
(4) Sets of autosome
with high power microscope

N
(4) It has clear differentiation of the sex 220. Sex determination ratio in an organism is given

212. The experimental verification of the chromosomal X

by = 1.5 , then organism will be :-
theory of inheritance by– A

0
(1) Boveri (2) Sutton (1) male (2) female

-2
(3) T.H. Morgan
E (4) Bateson (3) super female (4) intersex

19
SEX DETERMINATION 221. Barr body is associated with :-
(1) sex chromosome of female
213. How the sex of offsprings determined in humans
(2) sex chromosome of male
(1) Sex chromosome of mother
(2) Size of ovum
20
(3) autosome of female
LL
(4) autosome of male
(3) Size of sperm
n
(4) Sex chromosome of father 222. In male grass hoppers and moths there are two
pairs of autosomes and :-
io

214. Which of the following possess homogametic male

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(1) X only (2) X and Y
(1) Plants (2) Man
ss

(3) Y only (4) none of these

(3) Insect (4) Birds
223. Which of the following symbols are used for
Se

215. Which chromosome set is found in male grass

representing sex chromosome of birds :-
hopper :-
A

(1) ZZ – ZW (2) XX – XY
(1) 2A + XY (2) 2A + XO
(3) XO – XX (4) ZZ – WW
(3) 2A + YY (4) 2A + XX
224. If somatic cells of a human male contain single
216. Genic balance theory for sex determination in Barrbody, the genetic composition of the person
Drosophila was proposed by :- would be :-
(1) Pro. R.P.Roy (1) XYY (2) XXY (3) XO (4) XXXY
(2) H.E.Warmke
(3) C.B. Bridges 225. The theory where ratio between the number of X-
(4) Mc. clung chromosomes and number of complete sets of
autosomes will determine the sex is known as :-
217. No. of Bar Body in XXXX female :- (1) Chromosome theory of sex determination
(1) 1 (2) 2 (2) Genic balance theory of sex determination
(3) 3 (4) 4 (3) Harmonal balance theory of sex determination
(4) environmental sex determination
50 E
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226. Sex determination in humans takes place by :- HUMAN GENETICS, POPULATION GENETICS
(1) sex chromosomes of father 235. There are two alleles (A1 & A2) out of which one
(2) measurement of sperm (A1) has nil abundance in a population then the
(3) measurement of ovum abundance of second allele (A2) is :-
(4) sex chromosomes of mother (1) 0.25 (2) 1.00
227. In Drosophila sex index of super female is :- (3) 0.40 (4) 0.50
(1) 1 (2) 0.5 236. If a normal woman marries an albino man and their
(3) 1.5 (4) 0.67 offsprings are half albino, half normal the woman
is :-
228. If X/A Ratio of two Drosophila is 0.6 and 0.33
(1) Homozygous normal
respectively what would be their sex :-
(2) Heterozygous normal
(1) Female & male
(3) Homozygous recessive
(2) Super female & super male
(4) Homozygous dominant
(3) Inter sex & super male
(4) Inter sex and super female 237. Which is a dominant trait :-

N
(1) Colour blindness (2) Albinism
229. Which of the following genotype represent intersex
(3) Haemophilia (4) Rh factor
Drosophila :-

0
(1) 2A + XXX (2) 2A + XXY 238. Parents are carrier for albinism. What will be the

-2
(3) 3A + XXY (4) 2A + XY first three children :-
E (1) Some normal, heterozygous & albino
230. In which organism female in homogametic & also

19
(2) All normal
have one chromosomes more than male.
(3) All heterozygous albino
(1) Birds (2) Drosophila
(4) No normal
(3) Chicks (4) Grasshopper 20
239. If a cross is made between two individuals each
LL
231. Grasshopper is an example of –
having genotype Bb, two offsprings are obtained.
(1) XO type of sex determination
Out of these first has dominant trait. What is the
n
(2) XY type of sex determination
probability that the second offspring will exhibit
io

(3) Environmental sex determination

recessive trait
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(4) Genic balance theory

(1) 1/4 (2) 100
ss

232. Which of the following is responsible for sex (3) Zero (4) 3/4
determination in chick :-
Se

240. A family has five girls and no son, the probability of

(1) Sperm (2) Egg
the occurance of son in 6th child is :-
A

(3) Somatic cell (4) Every cell of body

(1) 1/2 (2) 1/5
233. In which of the following sex is determined by female (3) 1 (4) No chance
individual –
241. A tobacco plant heterozygous for albinism is self-
(1) Human
pollinated and 1200 seeds are subsequently
(2) Drosophila
germinated. How many seedlings would have the
(3) Birds
parental genotype :-
(4) Grasshopper
(1) 900 (2) 600
234. Male heterogamy found in case of (3) 1200 (4) 300
(1) XO type male in Grasshopper
242. The migration of gene in to a population from other
(2) XY type male in human
population by interbreeding is called
(3) ZW male in birds
(1) Gene pool (2) Gene flow
(4) 1 and 2 both
(3) Genetic drift (4) Gene erosion
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ALLEN
243. What is the probability of three daughters to a 248. Equilibrium of gene frequencies is –
couple in three children :-
Pq
1 1 3 (1) P2 × 2Pq × q2 = 1 (2) s =
1 N
(1) (2) (3) (4)
4 8 16 8
(3) Hardy weinbergh law (4) Mutation
244. In human right handedness is dominant over left 249. In a Random mating population of 28,800
handedness. What offsprings would be expected individuals percentage of dominant homozygous
from two left handed parents :- individuals is 49% find out the percentage of
(1) Only left handed heterozygous individual –
(2) Only right handed (1) 21% (2) 42% (3) 32% (4) 9%
(3) Left handed & right handed both
(4) Neither left handed nor right handed 250. Predict from the following chart

245. Probability of four son to a couple is :–

1 1 1 1

N
(1) (2) (3) (4)
4 8 16 32

246. A male human is heterozygous for autosomal genes

0
A and B and is also hemizygous for hemophilic gene
(1) Character is dominant and carried by X

-2
h. What proportion of his sperms will be abh
E chromosome
1 1 1 1 (2) Character is carried by Y chromosome

19
(1) (2) (3) (4)
4 8 32 16 (3) Character is sex linked recessive
(4) Character is autosomal recessive
247 Given below is a pedigree chart of a family with
five children. It shows the inheritance of attached
20
251. In pedigree analysis symbol is used for
LL
(1) Heterozygous for autosomal recessive
ear–lobes as opposed to the free ones. The squares
(2) Affected individuals
represent the male individuals and circles the female
n
(3) Death
individuals
io

(4) Carrier for sex linked recessive

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252. Study the given pedigree carefully, the trait indicated
ss

is :-
Se
A

: Normal male
: Affected male
Which one of the following conclusions drawn is : Normal female
correct :–
: Affected female
(1) The parents are homozygous recessive
(2) The trait is Y–linked (1) Autosomal recessive
(3) The parents are homozygous dominant (2) X–linked recessive
(4) The parents are heterozygous (3) Maternal inheritance
(4) Paternal inheritance
52 E
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ALLEN
253. In a population that is in Hardy weinberg 258. At a particular locus, frequency of 'A' allele is 0·6
equilibrium, the frequency of a recessive allele for and that of 'a' is 0·4. What would be the frequency
a certain hereditary trait is 0.20. What percentage of heterozygotes in a random mating population at
of the individual in the next generation would be equilibrium –

expected to show the dominant trait :- (1) 0·24 (2) 0·16

(1) 16% (2) 32% (3) 0·48 (4) 0·36

(3) 64% (4) 96% 259. A normal woman whose father was albino, marries
254. Given pedigree shows inheritance of autosomal an albino man, what proportion of normal and albino
recessive gene. What is the genotype of given are expected among their offsprings :-
parents :- (1) All normal
(2) 2 normal : 1 Albino
(3) All albino
(4) 1 normal : 1 Albino

N
260. Albinism is determined by a recessive gene in man.
The presence of albinism in 50% children born to a
couple proves that :-

0
(1) Both parents are heterozygous for albinism

-2
E (2) Father is homozygous normal and mother is
heterozygous

19
(3) Father is homozygous for albinism but mother is
(1) AA, aa (2) aa, AA
heterozygous
(3) aa, Aa (4) Aa, Aa 20
(4) Both are homozygous
LL
255. A pedigree is shown below for a disease that is
261. Family has 9 girls, Probability of son at 10th birth
autosomal recessive. The genetic make up of the
n
first generation :- is :-
io

(1) 50% (2) 100%

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(3) 25% (4) 75%

ss

262. Polydactyly in man is due to :-

(1) autosomal dominant gene
Se

(2) autosomal recessive gene

A

(1) AA, aa (2) Aa, Aa (3) sex - linked dominant gene

(3) Aa, aa (4) aa, aa (4) sex - linked recessive gene
256. In a random mating population frequency of disease
263. Blue eye colour in human is recessive to brown eye
causing recessive allele is 80%. What would be the
colour. The expected children of a marriage
frequency of carrier individual in population :-
between a blue eyed woman and a brown eyed man
(1) 64% (2) 32%
who had a blue eyed mother will be-
(3) 16% (4) 100%
(1) All black eyed
257. In a random mating population frequency of (2) All blue eyed
dominant allele is 0.7. What will be the frequency (3) All brown eyed
of recessive phenotype :– (4) One blue eyed and one brown eyed
(1) 0.49 (2) 0.09
(3) 0.3 (4) 0.21
E 53
Pre-Medical : Biology
ALLEN
264. If the first seven children born to a particular pair 267. Given below is the pedigree of sickle cell anaemia,
of parents are all males, what is the probability in a family
that the eighth child will also be a male?

1 1
(1) (2)
2 4

1 1
(3) (4)
8 16
In this the RBC of both parents will be –
265. The existence within a population of non-beneficial (1) Normal
alleles in heterozygous genotype is :- (2) Sickle shaped
(1) genetic load (2) genetic drift (3) Both normal & sickle shaped
(3) genetic flow (4) selection (4) Cannot be determined

266. Study the pedigree given below and assign the type 268. Which of the following symbol is used for mating
between relatives (Consangeineous mating)

N
of inheritance of the trait.

(1) 5 (2)
Normal male

0
Affected male
(3) (4)

-2
Normal female
E Affected female

19
(1) X-linked recessive
(2) Y-linked 20
LL
(3) autosomal recessive
(4) autosomal dominant
n
io

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ss
Se
A

54 E
 Pre-Medical : Biology
ALLEN
EXERCISE-I (Conceptual Questions) ANSWER KEY
Que. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15
Ans. 1 3 2 1 4 2 1 4 4 3 3 3 3 3 1
Que. 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30
Ans. 1 4 3 4 4 2 2 4 1 2 4 4 4 3 3
Que. 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45
Ans. 1 3 2 4 2 1 2 4 1 4 3 1 2 1 4
Que. 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60
Ans. 2 1 4 1 2 2 3 2 3 2 1 2 2 2 4
Que. 61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 70 71 72 73 74 75
Ans. 2 1 1 2 3 3 3 1 1 3 2 2 3 3 2
Que. 76 77 78 79 80 81 82 83 84 85 86 87 88 89 90
Ans. 4 1 2 3 1 3 1 2 1 2 1 4 4 1 4
Que. 91 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 99 100 101 102 103 104 105
Ans. 3 4 2 3 4 2 2 3 1 1 2 3 4 3 4

N
Que. 106 107 108 109 110 111 112 113 114 115 116 117 118 119 120
Ans. 4 1 1 2 3 2 3 1 3 2 4 3 2 2 1
Que. 121 122 123 124 125 126 127 128 129 130 131 132 133 134 135

0
Ans. 2 3 4 4 4 3 2 2 2 2 3 4 3 1 1

-2
Que. 136 137 138 139 140 141 142 143 144 145 146 147 148 149 150
Ans. 2 3 E 1 1 3 1 2 1 2 3 3 3 4 1 3

19
Que. 151 152 153 154 155 156 157 158 159 160 161 162 163 164 165
Ans. 2 1 2 3 4 1 4 4 4 3 4 3 1 4 2
Que. 166 167 168 169 170 171 172 173 174 175 176 177 178 179 180
Ans. 1 2 2 1 1 3 2 3 1 2 20
4 4 3 2 1
LL
Que. 181 182 183 184 185 186 187 188 189 190 191 192 193 194 195
Ans. 3 2 2 3 3 1 1 3 2 2 1 1 2 2 3
n
Que. 196 197 198 199 200 201 202 203 204 205 206 207 208 209 210
Ans. 4 2 4 4 1 3 4 4 3 2 1 4 4 3 1
io
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Que. 211 212 213 214 215 216 217 218 219 220 221 222 223 224 225
ss

Ans. 3 3 4 4 2 3 3 1 3 3 1 1 1 2 2
Que. 226 227 228 229 230 231 232 233 234 235 236 237 238 239 240
Ans. 1 3 3 3 4 1 2 3 4 2 2 4 1 1 1
Se

Que. 241 242 243 244 245 246 247 248 249 250 251 252 253 254 255
A

Ans. 2 2 2 1 3 2 4 3 2 3 4 3 4 1 2
Que. 256 257 258 259 260 261 262 263 264 265 266 267 268
Ans. 2 2 3 4 3 1 1 4 1 1 3 3 3

E 55
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ALLEN
EXERCISE-II (Previous Year Questions) AIPMT/NEET & AIIMS (2006-2018)

AIPMT 2006 7. In which mode of inheritance do you expect more

1. Phenotype of an organism is the result of – maternal influence among the offspring?
(1) Mutations and linkages (1) Autosomal (2) Cytoplasmic
(2) Cytoplasmic effects and nutrition (3) Y-linked (4) X-linked
(3) Environmental changes and sexual dimorphism AIPMT 2007
(4) Genotype and environment interactions
8. A human male produces sperms with the genotypes
2. How many different kinds of gametes will be AB, Ab, aB, and ab, in equal proportions. What is
produced by a plant having the genotype AABbCC? the corresponding genotype of this person :-
(1) Three (2) Four (1) AaBb (2) AaBB
(3) Nine (4) Two (3) AABb (4) AABB

3. Test cross involves – 9. In pea plants, yellow seeds are dominant to green.
(1) Crossing between two genotypes with recessive If a heterozygous yellow seeded plant is crossed with

N
trait a green seeded plant, what ratio of yellow and
(2) Crossing between two F1 hybrids green seeded plants would you expect in F1 gen-
(3) Crossing the F1 hybrid with a double recessive eration :-

0
genotype (1) 50 : 50 (2) 9 : 1

-2
(4) Crossing between two genotypes with dominant (3) 1 : 3 (4) 3 : 1
E
trait
10. Inheritance of skin colour in humans is an example

19
4. In Mendel's experiments with garden pea, round of :-
seed shape (RR) was dominant over wrinkled seeds (1) chromosomal aberration
(rr), yellow cotyledon (YY) was dominant over green
cotyledon (yy). What are the expected phenotypes
20
(2) point mutation
(3) polygenic inheritance
LL
in the F2 generation of the cross RRYY × rryy ? (4) codominance
n
(1) Only round seeds with green cotyledons
11. Two genes R and Y are located very close on the
(2) Only wrinkled seeds with yellow cotyledons
io

chromosomal linkage map of maize plant. When

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(3) Only wrinkled seeds with green cotyledons
RRYY and rryy genotypes are hybridized, the F2
(4) Round seeds with yellow cotyledons, and wrinkled
ss

segregaion will show :-

seeds with yellow cotyledons
(1) Higher number of the recombinant types.
Se

5. Which one of the following is the most suitable

medium for culture of Drosophila melanogaster ? (2) Segregation in the expected 9:3:3:1 ratio.
A

(1) Moist bread (3) Segregation in 3:1 ratio.

(2) Agar-agar
(4) Higher number of the parental types
(3) Ripe banana
(4) cow dung AIPMT 2009

6. If a colourblind woman marries a normal visioned 12. Sickle cell anemia is :-

man, their sons will be – (1) Characterized by elongated sickle like RBCs with
(1) All normal visioned a nucleus
(2) One–half colourblind and one–half normal (2) An autosomal linked dominant trait
(3) Three–fourths colourblind and one– fourth normal (3) Caused by substitution of valine by glutamic acid
(4) All colourblind in the beta globin chain of haemoglobin
(4) Caused by a change in a single base pair of DNA

56 E
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ALLEN
13. The most popularly known blood grouping is the 18. ABO blood groups in humans are controlled by the
ABO grouping. It is named ABO and not ABC, gene I. It has three alleles - IA, IB and i. Since there
because "O" in it refers to having :- are three different alleles, six different genotypes
(1) No antigens A and B on RBCs are possible. How many phenotypes can occur?
(2) Other antigens besides A and B on RBCs (1) Four (2) Two (3) Three (4) One
(3) Overdominance of this type on the genes for A
19. Select the corrrect statement from the ones gives
and B types
below with respect to dihybrid cross :
(4) One antibody only - either anti–A or anti–B on
(1) Genes loosely linked on the same chromosome
the RBCs
show similar recombinatios as the tightly linked
14. Select the incorrect statement from the following:- ones
(1) Baldness is a sex-limited trait (2) Tightly linked genes on the same chromosome
(2) Linkage is an exception to the principle of show very few recombinations
independent assortment in heredity (3) Tightly linked genes on the same chromosome
(3) Galactosemia is an inborn error of metabolism show higher recombination
(4) Small population size results in random genetic (4) Genes far apart on the same chromosome show

N
drift in a population very few recombinations

15. Study the pedigree chart given below :- 20. Which one of the following symbols and its repre-

0
sentation, used in human pedigree analysis is cor-

-2
rect?
E (1) = unaffected female

19
(2) = male affected
What does it show :-
(3) = mating between relatives
(1) Inheritance of a recessive sex-linked disease like
haemophilia
20
LL
(4) = unaffected male
(2) Inheritance of a sex-lined inborn error of
metabolism like phenylketonuria AIPMT (Pre.) 2011
n
(3) Inheritance of a condition like phenylketonuria 21. When two unrelated individuals or lines are crossed,
io

as an autosomal recessive trait the performance of F1 hybrid is often superior to both

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(4) The pedigree chart is wrong as this is not its parents. This phenomenon is called :-
ss

possible (1) Heterosis

AIPMT 2010 (2) Transformation
Se

16. The genotype of a plant showing the dominant phe- (3) Splicing
A

notype and can be detemined by : (4) Metamorphosis

(1) Pedigree analysis (2) Back cross
22. Which one of the following conditions correctly
(3) Test cross (4) Dihybrid cross
describes the manner of determining the sex in the
17. Which one of the following cannot be explained on given example ?
the basis of Mendel's Law of Dominance? (1) Homozygous sex chromosomes (ZZ) determine
(1) Alleles do not show any belending and both the female sex in Birds.
characters recover as such in F2 generation (2) XO type of sex chromosomes determine male
(2) Factors occur in pairs sex in grasshopper
(3) The discrete unit controlling a particular charac- (3) XO condition in humans as found in Turner
ter is called a factor Syndrome, determines female sex.
(4) Out of one pair of factors one is dominant and (4) Homozygous sex chromosomes (XX) produce
the other recessive male in Drosophila

E 57
Pre-Medical : Biology
ALLEN
29. Represented below is the inheritance pattern of a
AIPMT (Mains) 2011
certain type of traits in humans. Which one of the
23. Test cross in plants or in Drosophila involves crossing:
following conditions could be an example of this
pattern?
(1) Between two genotypes with dominant trait
(2) Between two genotypes with recessive trait
(3) Between two F1 hybrids
(4) The F1 hybrid with a double recessive genotype Female Male
Mother Father
24. Which one of the following conditions of the zygotic
cell would lead to the birth of a normal human female Daughter Son
child ?
(1) One X and one Y chromosome
(2) Two X chromosome
(1) Haemophilia (2) Thalassemia
(3) Only one Y chromosome
(3) Phenylketonuria (4) Sickle cell anaemia
(4) Only one X chromosome

N
NEET-UG 2013
AIPMT (Pre.) 2012
30. If two persons with 'AB' blood group marry and have
25. F2 generation in a Mendelian cross showed that both

0
genotypic and phenotypic ratios are same as sufficiently large number of children, these children

-2
1 : 2 : 1. It represents a case of :- could be classified as 'A' blood group : 'AB' blood
E
(1) Monohybrid cross with complete dominance group 'B' blood group in 1 : 2 : 1 ratio. Modern

19
(2) Monohybrid cross with incomplete dominance
technique of protein electrophoresis reveals
(3) Co-dominance
presence of both 'A' and 'B' type proteins in 'AB'
(4) Dihybrid cross

26. A certain road accident patient with unknown blood

20
blood group individuals. This is an example of :
LL
(1) Complete dominance
group needs immediate blood transfusion. His one
(2) Codominance
doctor friend at once offers his blood. What was the
n
blood group of the donor ? (3) Incomplete dominance
io

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(1) Blood group O (4) Partial dominance
(2) Blood group A
ss

(3) Blood group B 31. Which Mendelism idea is depicted by a cross in which
(4) Blood group AB the F1 generation resembles both the parents?
Se

(1) co-dominance
27. A normal visioned man whose father was
A

(2) incomplete dominance

colour-blind marries a woman whose father was also (3) law of dominance
colour blind. They have their first child as a daughter. (4) inheritance of one gene
What are the chances that this child would be
colour-blind? 32. Which of the following statements is not true of two
(1) 25% (2) 50% genes that show 50% recombination frequency ?
(3) 100% (4) Zero percent (1) If the gen es are present o n th e sa me
AIPMT (Mains) 2012 chromosome, they undergo more than one
28. A test cross is carried out to : crossovers in every meiosis
(1) assess the number of alleles of a gene. (2) The genes may be on different chromosomes
(2) determine whether two species or varieties will (3) The genes are tightly linked
breed successfully. (4) The genes show independent assortment
(3) determine the genotype of a plant at F2
(4) predict whether two traits are linked.
58 E
 Pre-Medical : Biology
ALLEN
33. The incorrect statement with regard to 38. In a population of 1000 individuals 360 belong to
Haemophilia is : genotype AA, 480 to Aa and the remaining 160
(1) A single protein involved in the clotting of blood to aa. Based on this data, the frequency of allele
is affected A in the population is :-
(2) It is a sex-linked disease (1) 0.4 (2) 0.5
(3) It is a recessive disease (3) 0.6 (4) 0.7
(4) It is a dominant disease AIPMT 2015

34. If both parents are carriers for thalessemia, which 39. A man with blood group 'A' marries a woman with
is an autosomal recessive disorder, what are the blood group 'B'. What are all the possible blood
chances of pregnancy resulting in an affected child? groups of their offsprings ?
(1) 100% (1) A,B and AB only
(2) No chance (2) A,B,AB and O
(3) 50% (3) O only
(4) 25% (4) A and B only

N
AIIMS 2013
40. How many pairs of contrasting characters in pea
35. In a given pedigree there is a inheritance of certain plants were studied by Mendel in his experiments?

0
character of two families, which of the following (1) Six (2) Eight

-2
option is correct for the inheritance of that (3) Seven (4) Five
character?
E 41. Multiple alleles are present :

19
F am ily A (1) At different loci on the same chromosome
(2) At the same locus of the chromosome
20
(3) On non-sister chromatids
LL
(4) On different chromosomes
F a m ily B
42. Alleles are :
n
(1) true breeding homozygotes
io
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(2) different molecular forms of a gene

(1) Family A has three daughters & two sons
ss

(3) heterozygotes
(2) Family A has three sons & two daughters
(4) different phenotype
(3) Family A has homozygous parents
Se

(4) Family A has Y-linked disorder. 43. A population will not exist in Hardy - Weinberg
A

equilibrium if :
AIPMT 2014
(1) There are no mutations
36. Fruit colour in squash is an example of :- (2) There is no migration
(1) Recessive epistasis (3) The population is large
(2) Dominant epistasis
(4) Individuals mate selectively
(3) Complementary genes
(4) Inhibitory genes 44. Which is the most common mechanism of genetic
variation in the population of sexually reproducing
37. A man whose father was colour blind marries a
organism?
woman who had a colour blind mother and normal
(1) Chromosomal aberrations
father. What percentage of male children of this
(2) Genetic drift
couple will be colour blind ?
(3) Recombination
(1) 25% (2) 0%
(4) Transduction
(3) 50% (4) 75%
E 59
Pre-Medical : Biology
ALLEN
Re-AIPMT 2015 AIIMS 2015
45. A colour blind man marries a woman with normal 51. In cells of superfemale with 47 chromosomes
sight who has no history of colour blindness in her (44 + × × × ) visible barr bodies are :-
family. What is the probability of their grandson (1) 1 (2) 0
(son's son) being colour blind ? (3) 2 (4) 3
(1) 0.25 (2) 0.5
(3) 1 (4) Nil 52. Male cat is either black or orange because of:-
(1) Hemizygous – x (2) Heterozygous – x
46. The term "linkage" was coined by :
(3) Heterozygous – y (4) Hemizygous – y
(1) W.Sutton (2) T.H. Morgan
(3) T.Boveri (4) G.Mendel 53. There will be no Barr body in female suffering from:-
(1) Turner syndrome (2) Kleinfelter syndrome
47. A pleiotropic gene :
(3) Down syndrome (4) Haemophilia
(1) controls multiple traits in an individual
(2) is expressed only in primitive plants 54. Grey is dominant (G) over black (g). Which of the
(3) is a gene evolved during Pliocene following will most probably give 50% black and

N
(4) controls a trait only in combination with another 50% grey offspring ?
gene (1) GG × gg (2) Gg × gg

0
(3) GG × Gg (4) gg × gg
48. In his classic experiments on pea plants, Mendel did

-2
not use : 55. Haemophilic gene does not transfer from :-
E
(1) Flower position (1) Haemophilic father to son

19
(2) Seed colour (2) Haemophilic mother to son
(3) Pod length (3) Haemophilic father to daughter
(4) Seed shape 20
(4) Haemophilic mother to son & daughter
LL
49. A gene showing codominance has : NEET-I 2016
(1) both alleles independently expressed in the
n
56. Which of the following most appropriately describes
heterozygote haemophilia ?
io

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(2) one allele dominant on the other
(1) Recessive gene disorder
(3) alleles tightly linked on the same chromosome
ss

(2) X - linked recessive gene disorder

(4) alleles that are recessive to each other
(3) Chromosomal disorder
Se

50. In the following human pedigree, the filled symbols

(4) Dominant gene disorder
A

represent the affected individuals. Identify the type

of given pedigree. 57. A tall true breeding garden pea plant is crossed with
I a dwarf true breeding garden pea plant. When the
II F1 plants were selfed the resulting genotypes were
in the ratio of :
III
(1) 1 : 2 : 1 :: Tall homozygous : Tall heterozygous
IV : Dwarf
(1) X-linked dominant (2) 1 : 2 : 1 :: Tall heterozygous : Tall homozygous
(2) Autosomal dominant
: Dwarf
(3) X-linked recessive
(3) 3 : 1 :: Tall : Dwarf
(4) Autosomal recessive
(4) 3 : 1 :: Dwarf : Tall

60 E
 Pre-Medical : Biology
ALLEN
58. Match the terms in Column-I with their description
NEET-II 2016
in Column-II and choose the correct option :
61. A true breeding plant is :
Column-I Column-II (1) near homozygous and produces offspring of its
own kind
Many genes govern a
(a) Dominance (i) (2) always homozygous recessive in its genetic
single character
constitution
In a heterozygous
(3) one that is able to breed on its own
(b) Codominance (ii) organism only one
allele expresses itself (4) produced due to cross-pollination among
unrelated plants
In a heterozygous
organism both alleles 62. If a colour-blind man marries a woman who is
(c) Pleiotropy (iii)
express themselves homozygous for normal colour vision, the probability
fully
of their son being colour-blind is :-
A single gene (1) 0.75 (2) 1 (3) 0 (4) 0.5
Polygenic
(d) (iv) influences many

N
inheritance 63. Genetic drift operates in :-
characters
(1) Non-reproductive population
(a) (b) (c) (d)
(2) Slow reproductive population

0
(1) (ii) (i) (iv) (iii)
(3) Small isolated population
(2) (ii) (iii) (iv) (i)

-2
(4) Large isolated population
(3) (iv) E (i) (ii) (iii)

19
(4) (iv) (iii) (i) (ii) 64. In Hardy-Weinberg equation, the frequency of

59. Pick out the correct statements : heterozygous individual is represented by :-

(1) pq (2) q2 (3) p2 (4) 2pq
(a) Haemophilia is a sex-linked recessive disease
(b) Down's syndrome is due to aneuploidy
20
AIIMS 2016
LL
65. Botanical name of pea plant is :-
(c) Phenylketonuria is an autosomal recessive gene
(1) Pisum sativum (2) Pinus sativus
disorder.
n
(3) Pyrus sativus (4) Pisum sativus
(d) Sickle cell anaemia is a X-linked recessive gene
io

66. If two genes are situated at some distance on

Z:\NODE02\B0AI-B0\TARGET\BIO\ENG\MODULE_2\01-GENETICS\02-PRINCIPLES OF INHERITANCE_EXERCISE.P65

disorder
chromosome such that crossing over can easily occur.
ss

(1) (a) and (d) are correct

Which of the following option will be true?
(2) (b) and (d) are correct
1
(3) (a), (c) and (d) are correct (1) of parental combination,
Se

3
(4) (a), (b) and (c) are correct 1
A

of new combination
60. In a testcross involving F 1 dihybrid flies, more 3
3
parental-type offspring were produced than the (2) of parental combination,
4
recombinant-type offspring. This indicates :-
1
(1) The two genes are located on two different of new combination
4
chromosomes. 2
(3) of parental combination,
(2) Chromosomes failed to separate during meiosis. 4
(3) The two genes are linked and present on the 2
of new combination
same chromosome. 4
(4) Both of the characters are controlled by more 2
(4) of parental combination,
than one gene. 4
1
of new combination
4
E 61
Pre-Medical : Biology
ALLEN
67. Blood groups are controlled by antigens which are 74. Which of the following pairs in wrongly matched ?
present :- (1) Starch synthesis in pea : Multiple alleles
(1) In plasma (2) ABO blood grouping : Co-dominance
(2) On RBC membrane (3) XO type sex determination : Grasshopper
(3) In red bone marrow (4) T.H. Morgan : Linkage
(4) On WBC membrane
75. Which of the following characteristics represent
68. Linkage is a tendency of alleles of different genes
'Inheritance of blood groups' in humans ?
to assort together in :-
(1) Meiosis (2) Mitosis a. Dominance
(3) X-Y linkage (4) Inversion b. Co-dominance
69. A parent having autosomal dominant disease then c. Multiple allele
what will be the probability of diseased offspring
d. Incomplete dominance
(irrespective of sex of the child) :-
e. Polygenic inheritance
(1) 90% (2) 10%
(1) b, c and e (2) a, b and c
(3) 75% (4) 50%

N
(3) b, d and e (4) a, c and e
NEET(UG) 2017
70. Thalassemia and sickle cell anemia are caused due 76. A woman has an X-linked condition on one of her
X chromosomes. This chromosome can be inherited

0
to a problem in globin molecule synthesis. Select the
correct statement : by :-

-2
(1) Both are due to a quantitative defect in globin
E (1) Only daughters
chain synthesis (2) Only sons

19
(2) Thalassemia is due to less synthesis of globin (3) Only grandchildren
molecules (4) Both sons & daughters
(3) Sickel cell anemia is due to a quantitative
problem of globin molecules
20
AIIMS 2018
LL
77. Which one is correct ?
(4) Both are due to a qualitative defect in globin
(1) Turner's syndrome - XO monosomy in females
chain synthesis
n
(2) Down's syndrome - XO monosomy
71. The genotypes of a husband and Wife are IAIB & IA i.
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(3) Klinefelter's syndrome - XXY in females

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Among the blood types of their children, how many
(4) Sickle cell anaemia - X-linked dominant disease
ss

different genotypes and phenotypes are possible?

78. Law of dominance explain :-
(1) 3 genotypes ; 4 phenotypes
(2) 4 genotypes ; 3 phenotypes (1) that both the alleles do not show any blending
Se

(3) 4 genotypes ; 4 phenotypes and both parental characters are recovered as

A

such in F2
(4) 3 genotypes ; 3 phenotypes
72. Which one from those given below is the period for (2) that 3:1 phenotypic ratio obtained in F 2
Mendel's hybridization experiments ? generation

(1) 1840 - 1850 (2) 1857 - 1869 (3) that at the time of gamete formation both alleles

(3) 1870 - 1877 (4) 1856 - 1863 segregate from each other
(4) that only parental traits are appear in F 2
NEET(UG) 2018
73. Select the correct statement : generation

(1) Franklin Stahl coined the term "linkage". 79. Ratio in case of complementary gene in dihybrid
(2) Punnett square was developed by a British cross is :-
scientist. (1) 9:7 (2) 9:3:3:1
(3) Spliceosomes take part in translation.
(4) Transduction was discovered by S. Altman. (3) 9:3:4 (4) 12:3:1

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80. Haemophilia is a :- 82. A heterozygous tall plant is crossed with homozygous
dwarf plants then find out percentage of
(1) autosomal recessive disorder
homozygous dwarf plants :-
(2) sex linked recessive disorder (1) 100% (2) 50%
(3) autosomal dominant disorder (3) 75% (4) 25%
(4) inborn error of metabolism linked to autosome
81. When red and white flowered plants of Mirabilis
jalapa are crossed then the ratio of F2-generation
will be :-
(1) 2 : 2 (2) 3 : 1
(3) 1 : 2 : 1 (4) 1 : 1 : 1 : 1

N
0
-2
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19
20
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n
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ss
Se
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EXERCISE-II (Previous Year Questions) ANSWER KEY

Que. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15
Ans. 4 4 3 4 3 4 2 1 1 3 4 4 1 1 3
Que. 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30
Ans. 3 1 1 2 3 1 2 4 2 2 1 4 3 1 2
Que. 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45
Ans. 1 3 4 4 1 2 3 3 2 3 2 2 4 3 4
Que. 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60
Ans. 2 1 3 1 4 3 1 1 2 1 2 1 2 4 3
Que. 61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 70 71 72 73 74 75
Ans. 1 3 3 4 1 3 2 1 3 2 2 4 2 1 2
Que. 76 77 78 79 80 81 82
Ans. 4 1 2 1 2 3 2
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EXERCISE-III (Analytical Questions) Check Your Understanding
1. On crossing red & white flowered plants the ratio 8. In a dihybrid cross where two parents differ in two
of red and white flowered plants in F2-generation pairs of contrasting traits like seed colour yellow (YY)
was 60:20, then on selfing the heterozygous red and seed colour green (yy) with seed shape round
flowered plants, the offsprings would be :- (RR) and seed shape wrinkled (rr). The number of
(1) 72:24 (2) 40:60 green coloured seeds (yy) among sixteen products
(3) 52:48 (4) 84:16 of F2 generation will be :-

2. What is the probability of homozygous plants for (1) 2 (2) 4 (3) 6 (4) 8
both dominant characters in F2 generation of a
9. Select the incorrect statement for Gregor Mendel–
dihybrid cross :-
(1) He conducted hybridization experiments on
(1) 1/16 (2) 3/16
garden pea for seven years.
(3) 4/16 (4) 9/16
(2) He applied statistical analysis and mathematical
3. An offspring of two homozygous parents differing logic for the first time to the problems in biology.

N
from one another by alleles at only one gene locus (3) His experiments had a small sampling size.
is known as :- (4) He conducted artificial cross-polination experiments
(1) Back cross (2) Monohybrid using several true-breeding pea lines.

0
(3) Dihybrid (4) Trihybrid

-2
10. "When two pairs of traits are combined in a hybrid,
4. E
Cross AABb X aaBb yields AaBB : AaBb : segregation of one pair of characters is independent

19
Aabb:aabb offspring in the ratio of :- of the other pair of characters". This explains–
(1) 0:3:1:1 (2) 1:2:1:0 (1) Law of dominance (2) Law of segregation
(3) 1:1:1:1 (4) 1:2:1:1
20
(3) Law of independent assortment
(4) Postulate of paired factors
LL
5. Mrs. verma has a autosomal gene pair 'Bb' and she
contain x-linked gene 'd' both on of her x-
11. Which of the following is not observed in a
n
chromosome. What is the percentage of gamete
monohybrid cross–
io

which contain 'bd' genes :-

(1) Recessive parental trait is expressed without any

Z:\NODE02\B0AI-B0\TARGET\BIO\ENG\MODULE_2\01-GENETICS\02-PRINCIPLES OF INHERITANCE_EXERCISE.P65
(1) 1/2 or 50% (2) 1/4 or 25%
blending in the F2-generation
ss

(3) 3/4 or 75% (4) 1 or 100%

(2) Recessive parental trait is expressed without any
6. A dihybrid plant on self pollination, produced 400 blending in the F1-generation
Se

phenotypes with 9 types of genotype. How many (3) Dominance also explains the proportion of
A

seeds will have genotype TtRr:- 3 : 1 obtained at the F2

(1) 200 (2) 100 (4) Genotype ratio is 1 : 2 : 1
(3) 50 (4) 150
Male gametes
7. If two pea plants having red (dominant) coloured
Female AB Ab aB ab
flowers with unknown genotypes are crossed, 75% 12.
gametes ? AaBB AaBb aaBB aaBb
of the flowers are red and 25% are white. The
genotypic constitution of the parents having red In the Punnet square given above, the genotype
coloured flowers will be :- of the female parent and male parents respectively:-
(1) Both homozygous (1) AABB, AaBb
(2) AaBB, AaBb
(2) One homozygous and other heterozygous
(3) aaBB, AaBb
(3) Both heterozygous
(4) AAbb, AaBb
(4) Both hemizygous
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13. When AABBcc is crossed with AaBbCc then the 18. Which of the following points further strengthened
ratio of hybrid for all the three genes is :- Mendelism :-
(1) 1/8 (2) 1/4 (3) 1/16 (4) 1/32 (1) law of independent assortment which was based
on monohybrid cross
14. In a plant, red fruit (R) is dominant over yellow fruit (2) law of independent assortment which could be
(r) and tallness (T) is dominant over shortness (t).
stated on the basis of segregation of gametes
If a plant with RRTt genotype is crossed with a plant
(3) incomplete dominance gave a new way to
that is rrtt :-
mendelism
(1) All the offsprings will be tall with red fruit
(4) a character controlled by a pair of unit factors
(2) 25% will be tall with red fruit
(3) 50% will be tall with red fruit 19. If Aabb ×aaBb, then genotypic ratio of its progeny
(4) 75% will be tall with red fruit will be :-
15. Out of three characters on chromosome no. 4, two (1) 9 : 3 : 3 : 1
characters indicate linkage and not mentioned by (2) 1 : 2 : 1
Mendel. These characters were – (3) 1 : 1 : 1 : 1

N
(1) Pod form – stem length (4) 4 : 1
(2) Pod form – pod position
20. Red and tall dominant character hybrid plant when
(3) Pod form – pod colour

0
(4) Pod position – stem length crossed with recessive white dwarf plant (RrTt x

-2
rrtt). What will be the ratio of respective four
16. E
The Punnett square shown below represents the combinations red tall, red dwarf, white tall and white

19
pattern of inheritance in dihybrid cross when yellow dwarf plants in the next generation :-
(Y) is dominant over white (y) and round (R) is
(1) 9 : 3 : 3 : 1
dominant over wrinkled (r) seeds :

YR Yr yR yr
20
(2) 15 : 1 : 0 : 0
(3) 9 : 3 : 4 : 0
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(4) 4 : 4 : 4 : 4
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YR F J N R 21. A plant with genotype AABbCcDD is self pollinated.
io

Yr G K O S Provided that the four genes are independently

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yR H L P T
assorting, what proportion of the progeny will show
ss

yr I M Q U
the genotype AAbbccDD?
A plant of type ‘H’ will produce seeds with the
genotype identical to seeds produced by the plants 1 1
Se

(1) (2)
of :– 4 16
A

(1) Type M (2) Type J

1 1
(3) Type P (4) Type N (3) (4)
64 256
17. In a plant gene 'A' is responsible for tallness and
22. A person with unknow blood group under ABO
its recessive allele 'a' for dwarfness and 'B' is
system, has suffered much blood loss in an accident
responsible for red flower colour and it's recessive
and needs immediate blood transfusion. His one
allele 'b' for white flower colour. A tall and red
friend who has a valid certificate of his own blood
flowered plant with genotype AaBb crossed with
type, offers for blood donation without delay. What
dwarf and red flowered (aaBb). What is the
percentage of dwarf-white flowered offspring of would have been the type of blood group of the

above cross :- donor friend ?

(1) 50% (2) 6.25% (1) Type B (2) Type AB
(3) 12.5% (4) 50% (3) Type O (4) Type A

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23. In a family, father has a blood group 'A' and mother 30. The weight of fruit in a plant is determined by the
has a blood group 'B'. Their children show 50% number of dominant alleles of a certain number of
probability for a blood group 'AB' idicating that – genes. If seven weight categories are noticed, how
(1) Father is heterozygous
many gene sites would be involved?
(2) Mother is heterozygous
(1) two (2) three
(3) Either of parent is heterozygous
(4) Mother is homozygous (3) four (4) five
24. In man, gene producing the disease phenyl 31. A scientist performed the gene mapping
ketonuria also produces a number of abnormal experiments in maize. He mapped the genes on
phenotypic traits, which are collectively syndrome. chromosomes on the basis of % crossing over
This gene results mental retardation, widely spaced between different genes. One map unit corresponds
incisors, pigmented patches on the skin and
to one % crossing over or recombination. The genes
excessive sweating such types of genes are called
showing more than 50% recombination were not
(1) Polygene (2) Pleiotropic gene
supposed to be linked on same chromosome. In
(3) Lethal gene (4) Supplimentary gene
25. Which one of the following conditions though crossing over studies on maize, scientist observed

N
harmful in itself, is also a potential sviour from a the following % crossing over between genes A, B,
mosquito borne infectious disease: C, D –between. A and D 10%, between A and C
(1) Thalaessaemia (2) Sickle cell anaemia 3%, between genes C and D 7%, between genes

0
(3) Pernicius anaemia (4) Leukemia A and B 5%, and between genes C and B 8%.

-2
26. Which of the four couples claiming the baby with O+ On the basis of above observation find out the
E
blood type are possibly the biological parents of it? correct sequence of genes A, B, C and D on

19
chromosomes:-
(1) AB– and A+ (2) A+ and O–
(1) BCDA (2) ABCD
(3) O+ and AB+ (4) B– and O–
27. When a red grain variety of wheat is crossed with (3) BACD 20 (4) DACB
LL
another white grain variety a F1-hybrid is produced. 32. A man and a woman,who do not show any apparent
On selfing of this F1- hybrid, how many offsprings signs of a certain inherited disease, have seven
n
of F2 - generation resemble phenotypically to it's children (2 daughters and 5 sons). Three of the sons
parents (let grain colour of wheat controlled by three
io

suffer from the given disease but none of the

Z:\NODE02\B0AI-B0\TARGET\BIO\ENG\MODULE_2\01-GENETICS\02-PRINCIPLES OF INHERITANCE_EXERCISE.P65
gene pairs)
daughters are affected. Which of the following mode
ss

(1) 2/16 (2) 20/64

of inheritance do you suggest for this disease
(3) 15/64 (4) 2/64
28. In a plant flower colour is the example of quan- (1) Sex–limited recessive
Se

titative trait and controlled by one gene pair. How (2) Autosomal dominant
A

many plants show parental phenotype in F2 gen- (3) Sex–linked recessive

eration:– (4) Sex–linked dominant
2 2 2 2 33. A test cross of F1 flies +a/+b produced the following
(1) (2) (3) (4)
16 4 64 256 offspring
29. Grain colour in wheat is determined by three pairs ++/ab = 9 ab/ab = 9
of polygenes. Following cross AABBCC (dark colour) +b/ab = 41 a+/ab = 41
x aabbcc (light colour), in F 2 generation what What will be distance between linked gene :–
proportion of the progeny is likely to resemble either (1) 82 cM
parent ?
(2) 18 cM (cis)
(1) None (2) Less than 5 per cent
(3) 20 cM
(3) One third (4) Half
(4) 18 cM (trans)

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34. Human embryo have all the genetic instructions, 40. In Drosophila the XXY condition leads to femaleness
it needed to become a male or female. The male whereas in human beings the same condition leads
foetus have a master gene which acts as a biological to Klienfelter's syndrome in male. It proves
switch, turning other genes on and off. Loss of this
(1) In human beings Y chromosome is active in sex
gene results in female which remain sexually
immature. This master gene is located on :- determination

(1) Homologous part of X–chromosome (2) Y chromosome is active in sex determination

(2) Non homologous part of X–chromosome in both human beings and Drosophila

(3) All the autosome (3) In Drosophila Y - chromosome decides

(4) Y–chromosome femaleness
35. A man and woman are both affected by vitamin D (4) Y chromosome of man has genes for syndrome
resistance rickets, which is a dominant sex-linked
41. Based on observation on monohybrid crosses Mendel
allele. All of the female offsprings of this couple are
affected with rickets but some of the male offsprings draw some conclusion. Which of the following is not
are not. What are the genotypes of the parents? correct–

N
(1) Both are homozygous for the trait. (1) Characters are controlled by discrete units called
(2) The woman has two dominant alleles and man factors

0
has one dominant allele.
(2) Factors occur in pairs

-2
(3) Both parents have only recessive alleles.
E (3) In a similar pair of factors one member of the
(4) Each parent has only one dominant allele.
pair dominates the other

19
36. Depending upon the distance between any two
genes which is inversely proportional to the strength (4) The postulate of dominance also explains the
of linkage, cross overs will vary from :- proportion of 3 : 1 obtained at the F2
(1) 50-100% (2) 0-50%
42.
20
Which is incorrect –
LL
(3) 75-100% (4) 100-150%
(i) ABO blood groups are controlled by the gene I
37. What shall be the ratio of heterozygous, homozygous
n
normal and colourblind hemizygous in offsprings of (ii) Gene I has four alleles
io

a colour blind husband & a carrier wife :- (iii) IA and IB produce same type of sugar
Z:\NODE02\B0AI-B0\TARGET\BIO\ENG\MODULE_2\01-GENETICS\02-PRINCIPLES OF INHERITANCE_EXERCISE.P65

(1) 1:1:2 (2) 1:1:1

ss

(iv) i or I° produce different type of sugar

(3) 2:1:1 (4) 1:2:1
(v) IA and IB are incomplete dominant
38. A and B genes are linked. What shall be genotype
Se

of progeny in a cross between AB/ab and ab/ab : (1) i, ii (2) v, ii

A

(1) AAbb and aabb (3) ii, iii, iv (4) ii, iii, iv, v
(2) AaBb and aabb 43. Theoretically a normal phenotype is expressed
(3) AABB and aabb when a particular substrate trasnform in to product
(4) None but in which of following condition phenotype may
39. Mendelian dihybrid and dihybrid with linkage are be affected–
respectively realated with how many
(1) When the modified allele produce normal
chromosomes :-
enzyme
(1) 1 pair & 2 pair
(2) 2 pair & 1 pair (2) When the modified allele produce a non
(3) 2 pair & 2 pair functional enzyme
(4) 1 pair & 1 pair (3) When the unmodified allele produce no enzyme
(4) All the above
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44. The pedigree shows the occurence of albinism which 46. A pedigree is shown below for a disease that is
is a recessive trait. If person 4 is homozygous, the autosomal dominant. The genetic make up of the
carrier for the trait is :- first generation is
1 2
Generation-I

Generation-II
3 4

5 6 Generation-III
(1) AA, Aa (2) Aa, aa
® female ® male ® albinism
(3) Aa, AA (4) Aa, Aa
(1) 1, 4, 5 and 6 47. Given below is the pedigree of an autosomal
(2) 5 and 6 dominant disorder-Myotonic dystrophy.
(3) 1, 2 and 3
(4) 1, 2, 5 and 6

N
45. A human male is heterozygous for autosomal gene
A, B and G. He is also haemizygous for hemophilic
gene h. What proportion of his sperm will be abgh:-

0
1 1

-2
(1) (2) In this pedigree the genotype of all affected children
4 E 8
will be –

19
1 1
(3) (4) (1) AA (2) Aa
16 32
(3) AA or Aa (4) aa
20
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n
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A

EXERCISE-III (Analytical Questions) ANSWER KEY

Que. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15
Ans. 1 1 2 2 1 2 3 2 3 3 2 3 1 3 1
Que. 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30
Ans. 4 3 4 3 4 2 3 3 2 2 2 4 2 2 2
Que. 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45
Ans. 3 3 4 4 4 2 2 2 2 1 3 4 2 4 3
Que. 46 47
Ans. 2 2
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EXERCISE-IV (Assertion & Reason) Target AIIMS
Directions for Assertion & Reason questions
These questions consist of two statements each, printed as Assertion and Reason. While answering
these Questions you are required to choose any one of the following four responses.
(A) If both Assertion & Reason are True & the Reason is a correct explanation of the Assertion.
(B) If both Assertion & Reason are True but Reason is not a correct explanation of the Assertion.
(C) If Assertion is True but the Reason is False.
(D) If both Assertion & Reason are false.

1. Assertion :- Inheritance is the basis of heredity. 7. Assertion :- Punnett square is a graphical

representation to calculate the probability of all
Reason :- Inheritance is the process by which
possible genotypes of offsprings in a genetic cross.
characters are passed on from parent to progeny.
Reason :- It was developed by a British geneticist,
(1) A (2) B (3) C (4) D Reginald C. Punnett.

N
2. Assertion :- Human exploited the variations that (1) A (2) B (3) C (4) D
were present naturally in the wild populations of 8. Assertion :- Simply looking at the phenotype of
plants & animals. a dominant trait, it is not possible to know the

0
genotypic composition.
Reason :- Variation is the degree by which progeny

-2
Reason :- Mendel performed reciprocal crosses to
resembles from their parents.
E know the genotype of dominant organism.

19
(1) A (2) B (3) C (4) D
(1) A (2) B (3) C (4) D
3. Assertion :- Mendel's experiment had a small 9. Assertion :- Law of dominance is based on the fact
sampling size. that both the characters are recovered as such in
Reason :- It gave greater credibility to the data that
20
F2 generation.
LL
he collected. Reason :- In a pair of factors one member always
dominates the other.
n
(1) A (2) B (3) C (4) D
(1) A (2) B (3) C (4) D
io

4. Assertion :- According to Mendelism, contrasting 10. Assertion :- The unmodified allele, which
Z:\NODE02\B0AI-B0\TARGET\BIO\ENG\MODULE_2\01-GENETICS\02-PRINCIPLES OF INHERITANCE_EXERCISE.P65

traits did not show any blending. represents the original phenotype is the dominant
ss

Reason :- Only one of the parental traits was allele and the modified allele is generally the
expressed in the F1 while at the F 2 stage both the recessive allele.
Se

traits were expressed in the proportion of 1 : 1. Reason :- The modified allele could be responsible
for production of a non functional enzyme or no
A

(1) A (2) B (3) C (4) D enzyme at all.

5. Assertion :- Genes are the units of inheritance. (1) A (2) B (3) C (4) D
Reason :- They contain the information that is 11. Assertion :- In co-dominance and incomplete
required to express a particular trait in an organism. dominance, the genotypic & phenotypic ratios are
same.
(1) A (2) B (3) C (4) D
Reason :- In case of co-dominance the F 1
6. Assertion :- The segregation of alleles is a random generation resembles both parents.
process and so there is a 50% chance of a gamete (1) A (2) B (3) C (4) D
containing either allele. 12. Assertion :- Multiple alleles can be found only
Reason :- By the process of mitosis, the alleles of when population studies are made.
the parental pair separates from each other & only Reason :- Occasionally, a single gene product may
one allele in transmitted to a gamete. produce more than one effect.

(1) A (2) B (3) C (4) D (1) A (2) B (3) C (4) D

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13. Assertion :- Round seeds in pea plant may have 20. Assertion :- The family pedigree of Queen Victoria
large sized or intermediate sized starch grains.
shows a number of haemophilic descendent as she
Reason :- It is an example of pleiotropy, multiple
was a carrier of the disease.
alleles and incomplete dominance.
(1) A (2) B (3) C (4) D Reason :- Haemophilia is a sex linked dominant
disease which shows its transmission from unaffected
14. Assertion :- According to Mendel, a dihybrid cross
carrier female to some of the male progeny
is the multiple of two monohybrid crosses.
(1) A (2) B (3) C (4) D
Reason :- When two pairs of traits are combined 21. Assertion :- Sickle-cell anaemia is caused by the
in a hybrid, segregation of one pair of characters substitution of glutamic acid by valine at the sixth
is independent of the other pair of characters. position of the beta globin chain of the haemoglobin
(1) A (2) B (3) C (4) D molecule.
Reason :- It is due to the single base substitution
15. Assertion :- In grasshopper, some of the sperms
®

at the sixth codon of the beta globin gene from

bear X-chromosome whereas some do not. GUG to GAG.
Reason :- Grasshopper is an example of (1) A (2) B (3) C (4) D

N
XX-XY type of sex determination. 22. Assertion : Male is haploid and female is diploid
in honey bee.
(1) A (2) B (3) C (4) D
Reason : Sex depends on paired and unpaired

0
16. Assertion :- In birds, the females have one Z and chromosomes in every organism.

-2
one W chromosome, whereas male have a pair of (1) A (2) B (3) C (4) D
E
Z-chromosomes besides autosomes. 23. Assertion : In multiple alleles many alleles are

19
Reason :- In birds, sex of the offsprings is decided present in a population for a character.
by the temperature of surroundings when they are Reason : All These alleles are present in an
released. individual.
(1) A
20
(2) B (3) C (4) D
LL
(1) A (2) B (3) C (4) D
17. Assertion :- In each pregnancy there is always 50 24. Assertion : In a person with AB-blood group, the
n
percent probability of either a male or a female child erythrocytes carry both A and B antigen on their
surface.
io

in human.

Z:\NODE02\B0AI-B0\TARGET\BIO\ENG\MODULE_2\01-GENETICS\02-PRINCIPLES OF INHERITANCE_EXERCISE.P65
Reason : The alleles IA and IB that produce AB
Reason :- There is an equal probability of
ss

blood group are codominant and both are

fertilization of the ovum with the sperm carrying
expressed.
either X or Y chromosome.
(1) A (2) B (3) C (4) D
Se

(1) A (2) B (3) C (4) D

25. Assertion : Recessive characters are always pure
A

Reason : Recessive genes always express itself in

18. Assertion :- symbol represents normal
homozygous condition
parents with affected male child. (1) A (2) B (3) C (4) D
26. Assertion : Different alleles occur due to mutation
Reason :- It is a autosomal dominant disorder.
which are more stable and inherited from parent to
(1) A (2) B (3) C (4) D
progeny.
19. Assertion :- An X-linked recessive trait shows Reason : One allele may be modified into different
transmission from carrier male to female progeny. allele by crossing over.
Reason :- X-linked recessive trait shows non-criss- (1) A (2) B (3) C (4) D

cross inheritance.
(1) A (2) B (3) C (4) D

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27. Assertion :- Hybrids are the offsprings of parents
differing at least one or more traits.
Reason :- Mendel had crossed pure parents with
at least one contrasting trait and obtained F1 progeny
and called it monohybrid cross.
(1) A (2) B (3) C (4) D

N
0
-2
E
19
20
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n
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A

EXERCISE-IV (Assertion & Reason) ANSWER KEY

Que. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15
Ans. 1 3 4 3 1 3 2 3 4 1 2 2 3 1 3
Que. 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27
Ans. 3 1 3 4 3 3 3 3 1 1 3 2
E 71