COLLEGE OF COMPUTING, INFORMATICS AND

MATHEMATICS

BACHELOR OF INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY (HONS.)

ICT450 – DATABASE DESIGN AND DEVELOPMENT

GROUP PROJECT REPORT:

DATABASE LIBRARY MANAGEMENT SYSTEM

Prepared by :
STUDENT NAME MATRIC NO

ADAM SYAZWAN BIN CHE SHUKERI 2023103443

MUHAMMAD HAFIZ BIN MOHD RAFI 2023149239

MUHAMMAD ZHAFRAN BIN ZAURI 2023393541

YAHYA NAIM BIN MD ROFIEE 2023115911

Prepared for :

SIR MOHAMMAD HAFIZ BIN ISMAIL

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TABLE OF CONTENTS

1.0 MEMBER’S PROFILE .................................................................................................................. 3

2.0 COMPANY BACKGROUND ……………...…………………….…………...…………………..…. 4

3.0 ORGANIZATIONAL CHART……………...………………………………………………………… 5

4.0 PROBLEM STATEMENT ……….…………...…………………………………………………..…... 6

5.0 OBJECTIVE PROJECT ….………………………………………………………………………..…. 7

6.0 ENTITY RELATIONSHIP DIAGRAM (ERD) …………….……………………………..….…...…. 8

7.0 NORMALIZATION ……………………..…………………….……………………….……....…….. 9

7.1 0NF

7.2 1NF

7.3 2NF

7.4 3NF

8.0 TABLES …………………………………………………………………………………..….……. 11

9.0 DATA DICTIONARY …………………...………………………………………………..……….. 14

10.0 DATA DEFINITION LANGUAGE (DDL) …………………………………………………...…… 18

11.0 APPLICATION SCREENSHOT …...……………………….……………………………...……… 20

11.1 MAIN MENU FORM

11.2 BOOK FORM
11.3 BORROW FORM
11.4 CUSTOMER FORM

12.0 SQL QUERIES …………………...…………………………………………………………......…. 23

13.0 CONCLUSION ………………………………………………………………………………...…... 28

14.0 REFERENCES ……………………………………………………………………………...…….... 29

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1.0 MEMBER’S PROFILE

Name: Muhammad Zhafran bin Zauri

Student ID: 2023393541
Project Role: Project Manager
Project Role Description:
- Draft all project plans with other group members
- Responsible for the progress project and making certain this project is completed
on time and achieves its all objectives

Name: Yahya Naim bin Md Rofiee

Student ID: 2023115911
Project Role: Project Documentation
Project Role Description:
- Gather all relevant project information and produce a documentation and final
report project

Name: Muhammad Hafiz bin Mohd Rafi

Student ID: 2023149239
Project Role: Database Developer
Project Role Description:
- Develop a database system using the data analyst’s information as a basis
- Create all tables and data, application form and SQL queries

Name: Adam Syazwan bin Che Shukeri

Student ID: 2023103443
Project Role: Database Analyst
Project Role Description:
- Structure and make sense of information collections for the creation of the
functional database systems
- Make the initial ERD and Normalization Form before handing it over to the
database developer

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2.0 COMPANY BACKGROUND

Figure 1 the logo of Library

Catalyst Resource Library is a dynamic organization committed to delivering cutting-edge

resources and cultivating a culture of lifelong learning. Established in 2020, the library has
evolved into a hub for information seekers, scholars, and aficionados in Arau, Perlis. This
research digs into the numerous aspects of Catalyst Resource Library, including its goal,
services, infrastructure, and influence on the community.Catalyst Resource Library is guided by
a strong commitment to empower individuals via information acquisition, creativity, and
collaboration. Our mission is to be a catalyst for intellectual progress, creating a community that
values knowledge and encourages lifelong learning.This library also provides public services,
such as a vast collection for users. Catalyst has a significant collection of books, journals, digital
resources, and multimedia materials spanning a wide range of themes, from science and
technology to art and humanities. Next, there are books on educational programmes that adhere
to the present syllabus. The Catalyst Resource Library provides workshops, seminars, and
educational programmes to encourage skill development and a culture of continual
learning.Catalyst Resource Library serves as a light of information, encouraging a culture of
study and creativity. With a dedication to quality, it continues to adapt, ensuring that it remains
an important resource for the community it serves. As time goes on, the library will play an even
greater role in defining the intellectual environment of Arau, Perlis.

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3.0 ORGANIZATIONAL CHART

Figure 2 the organizational chart of company Catalyst Resource Library

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4.0 PROBLEM STATEMENT

Catalyst Resource Library, founded in 2020, has been a long-standing organization dedicated to
offering important materials and cultivating a culture of continuous learning. However, as part of
a continuing endeavor to increase its effect, the library has identified numerous difficulties that
must be addressed. This paper attempts to extensively analyze these difficulties and provide
strategic solutions to ensure the library's sustained effectiveness and relevance in serving the
community.

The first is antiquated infrastructure. Libraries are now facing issues due to obsolete
infrastructure, which limits their capacity to deliver innovative services. These include outdated
computer systems, limited network capabilities, and a lack of contemporary amenities. These
concerns have an influence on the user experience, limiting access to digital materials and
preventing the introduction of novel library services.To address this issue, the library must
commit money for infrastructure changes, such as the integration of contemporary technology,
high-speed internet, and user-friendly interfaces that improve the whole library experience.

Next, the challenge faced is the shortage of book collections to suit the expectations of
customers. In an age dominated by digital information, the library's digital resources may be
restricted, limiting its capacity to accommodate the diverse demands of its tech-savvy patrons.
Current collections may not include developing subjects or up-to-date research information in a
variety of sectors.Investing in increasing digital resources, subscribing to important online
databases, and collaborating with publishers are all effective ways to fulfill user requirements
and guarantee libraries remain a complete source of current information.

Finally, take into account the outreach plan and the potential community effect. There
may be issues with the library's outreach plan, limiting its capacity to successfully engage the
community. Limited knowledge of library programmes and services may limit their potential
influence in cultivating a culture of lifelong learning.The best way to overcome it is, develop a
robust marketing and outreach strategy, leveraging social media, community events, and
collaborations with educational institutions to increase awareness and community engagement.

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5.0 OBJECTIVE PROJECT

● Effective Data Organisation: Create a database that stores and arranges data on library
resources, such as books, authors, staff and customers information, in an effective
manner.

● User Authentication and Authorization: To manage access levels and make sure that only
individuals with the proper authorization may carry out particular tasks like adding,
editing, or removing information, put in place a safe user authentication system.

● Tracking Inventory: Provide a system that will make it simple to keep track of the books
that are available, where they are, and any modifications to their status (such as being
checked in or out).

● Transaction management: Assist in the efficient and accurate loan and return of books,
making sure that dates, penalties, and any other pertinent information are duly recorded
for every transaction.

● Automation of Repetitive processes: To improve operational efficiency, automate

repetitive processes such as generating regular reports, updating inventory status, and
issuing overdue reminders.

● Data Integrity and Consistency: Establish proper links between various database tables,
constraints, and validation procedures to guarantee data integrity and consistency.

● Future-proofing and scalability: Build the database with future-growth of the library's
collection in mind, as well as prospective adjustments to data capacity and system
specifications.

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6.0 ENTITY RELATIONSHIP DIAGRAM (ERD)

Figure 3 Entity Relationship Diagram (ERD)

Entity-Relational (ER) design is a method used in database modeling to define the relationships
between different entities within a system. Entities are objects or concepts that are represented in a
database, and relationships define how these entities are connected. Our ERD consists of several tables
including Customer, Borrow (bridge), Book, Author, Manage (bridge), and Staff. The Customer table
represents individuals who borrow books from the library and have a relationship with the Borrow
table to show the books a borrower has borrowed. Besides that, the Borrow table acts as a bridge
between Borrower and Book. It connects a specific borrower with the books they have borrowed.
CustID and BookID are foreign keys linking to the Customer and Book tables, respectively.
Furthermore, the book table represents the books available in the library. It may have a relationship
with the Borrow table to show which books are currently borrowed and by whom. Next, a bridge table
named Manage was used to connect the Staff and Book tables. It could represent actions such as
adding new books, updating book information, or removing books from the library. StaffID and
BookID are foreign keys linking to the Staff and Book tables, respectively. A Staff table was also
added to represent the staff members involved in managing the library. It may have a relationship with
the Manage table to show the actions performed by each staff member. Lastly, the Author table
represents the authors of the books in the library. It may have a relationship with the Book table to
show which authors wrote which books. To conclude, the ERD involves identifying entities, defining
their attributes, and establishing relationships between them. The use of bridge tables like Borrow and
Manage helps handle many-to-many relationships between entities. This design provides a structured
way to organize and manage information in our database system.

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7.0 NORMALIZATION

7.1 0NF

Cust_ID, Cust_Name, Cust_Address, Cust_PhoneNo, Transaction_ID, Borrow_Date,

Return_Date, Book_ID, ISBN, Title, Author, Record_ID, Author_ID, Author_Name,
Author_Email, Author_PhoneNo, Staff_ID, Staff_Name, Staff_Email, Staff_PhoneNo

LibrarySystem (Cust_ID, Cust_Name, Cust_Address, Cust_PhoneNo, Transaction_ID,

Borrow_Date, Return_Date, Book_ID, ISBN, Title, Author, Record_ID, Author_ID,
Author Name, Author_Email, Author_PhoneNo, Staff_ID, Staff_Name, Staff_Email,
Staff_PhoneNo)

7.1 1NF

Fully Dependencies:

Cust_ID, Book_ID > Cust_Name, Cust_Address, Cust_PhoneNo, Transaction_ID,

Borrow_Date, Return_Date, ISBN, Title, Author, Author_ID, Author_Name,
Author_Email, Author_PhoneNo, Record_ID, Staff_ID, Staff_Name, Staff_Email,
Staff_PhoneNo

Partial Dependency:

Cust_ID > Cust_Name, Cust_Address, CustPhoneNo

Book_ID > ISBN, Title, Author, Author_ID, Record_ID
Staff_ID > Staff_Name, Staff_Email, Staff_PhoneNo

Transitive Dependency:

Transaction_ID > Borrow_Date, Return_Date, Cust_ID, Book_ID

Record_ID > Book_ID, Staff_ID

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7.2 2NF

CUSTOMER (Cust_ID, Cust_Name, Cust_Address, Cust_PhoneNo)

BOOK (Book_ID, ISBN, Title, Author, Author_ID*, Record_ID*)

BOOK (Book_ID, ISBN, Title, Author, Author_ID*, Record_ID*)

STAFF (Staff_ID, Staff_Name, Staff_Email, Staff_PhoneNo)

MANAGE (Book_ID*, Staff_ID*, Record_ID)

7.2 3NF

CUSTOMER (Cust_ID, Cust_Name, Cust_Address, Cust_PhoneNo)

BOOK (Book_ID, ISBN, Title, Author, Author_ID*, Record_ID*)

BORROW (Cust_ID*, Book_ID*, Transaction_ID*, Borrow_Date, Return_Date)

STAFF (Staff_ID, Staff_Name, Staff_Email, Staff_PhoneNo)

MANAGE (Book_ID*, Staff_ID*, Record_ID)

AUTHOR (Author_ID, Author_Name, Author_Email, Author_PhoneNo, Book_ID*)

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8.0 TABLES

TABLE CUSTOMER

Figure 4: Data from Customer Table

TABLE BORROW

Figure 5: Data from Borrow Table

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TABLE BOOK

Figure 6: Data from Book Table

TABLE AUTHOR

Figure 7: Data from Author Table

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TABLE MANAGE

Figure 8: Data from Manage Table

TABLE STAFF

Figure 9: Data from Staff Table

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9.0 DATA DICTIONARY

KEY FIELD NAME CAPTION DATA TYPE DESCRIPTION EXAMPLE

TYPE

PK Cust_ID Customer AutoNumber Unique number or 1

ID identification for
each customer

Cust_Name Customer Short Text Customer full name Ahmad bin

Name Kasim

Cust_Address Customer Short Text Customer full 20,jln batu

Address address lima,kedah

Cust_PhoneNo Customer Short Text Customer phone 0139803454

Phone No. number

Table 1: Data Dictionary from Table Customer.

KEY FIELD NAME CAPTION DATA TYPE DESCRIPTION EXAMPLE

TYPE

PK Transaction_ID Transaction AutoNumber Unique number or 1

/Payment identification for
ID each transaction

Borrow_Date Borrow Short Text Book Borrow Date 12/3/2023

Date

Return_Date Return Date Short Text Book Return Date 20/3/2023

FK Cust_ID Customer Number Unique number or 1

ID identification for
each customer

FK Book_ID Book ID Number Unique number or 1

identification for
each book

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Table 2: Data Dictionary from Table Borrow(bridge).

KEY FIELD NAME CAPTION DATA TYPE DESCRIPTION EXAMPLE

TYPE

PK Book_ID Book ID AutoNumber Unique number or 1

identification for
each book

ISBN Book ISBN Short Text ISBN number for 12

number each book

Title Book Title Short Text The name/title of the THE GREAT
book GATE
GATSBY

Author Author Short Text The name of the F. SCOTT

Name author of the book FITZGERAL
D

FK Author_ID Author ID Number Unique number or 1

identification for
each author

FK Record_ID Record ID Number Unique number or 1

identification for
each record

Table 3: Data Dictionary from Table Book.

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KEY FIELD NAME CAPTION DATA DESCRIPTION EXAMPLE

TYPE TYPE

PK Author_ID Author ID AutoNumber Unique number or 1

identification for
each author

Author_Name Author Short Text The name of the F. SCOTT

Name author of the book FITZGERAL
D

Author_Email Author Short Text Email Address of fitzgerals@g

Email the author mail.com

Author_Phone Author Short Text Author Contact 0137648973

No Phone Number
Number

FK Book_ID Book ID Short Text Unique number or 1

identification for
each book

Table 4: Data Dictionary from Table Author.

KEY FIELD NAME CAPTION DATA TYPE DESCRIPTION EXAMPLE

TYPE

PK Record_ID Record ID AutoNumber Unique number or 1

identification for
each record

Book_ID Book ID Number Unique number or 1

identification for
each book

FK Staff_ID Staff ID Number Unique number or 1

identification for
each staff

Table 5: Data Dictionary from Table Manage (bridge).

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KEY FIELD NAME CAPTION DATA TYPE DESCRIPTION EXAMPLE

TYPE

PK Staff_ID Staff ID AutoNumber Unique number or 1

identification for
each staff

Staff_Name Staff Name Short Text Full name of the AMIRAH BT.
staff AHMAD
KASIM

Staff_Email Staff Email Short Text Email address for Amirah2U@g

the staff mail.com

Staff_PhoneNo Staff Phone Short Text Contact number for 0158279454

No. the staff

Table 6: Data Dictionary from Table Staff.

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10.0 DATA DEFINITION LANGUAGE (DDL)

10.1 Create table CUSTOMERS

Syntax:

CREATE TABLE CUSTOMER

Cust_ID int NOT NULL PRIMARY KEY,

Cust_Name VARCHAR (30),

Cust_Address VARCHAR (100),

Cust_PhoneNo VARCHAR (30)

Output:

Figure 10 the output for sql query create table CUSTOMER

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10.2 Drop table CUSTOMERS

Syntax and Output:

Figure 11 the syntax and output for sql query drop table CUSTOMER

10.3 Alter table CUSTOMERS

Syntax:

ALTER TABLE STAFF

ALTER COLUMN Staff_PhoneNo char(20)

Output:

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Figure 12 the output for sql query alter table

11.0 APPLICATION SCREENSHOT

11.1 Main Menu Form

Figure 13 Main Menu Form

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11.2 Book Form

Figure 14 Book Form

11.3 Borrow Form

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Figure 15 Borrow Form

11.4 Customer Form

Figure 16 Customer Form

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12.0 SQL QUERIES

● Select all CUSTOMER

Syntax:

SELECT *

FROM CUSTOMER;

Output:

Figure 17 Output for sql query select all CUSTOMERS

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● Join data from table BORROW and table BOOK

Syntax:

SELECT BORROW.*, BOOK.*

FROM BORROW

INNER JOIN BOOK ON BORROW.BookID = BOOK.BookID;

Output:

Figure 18 Output for sql query join data of Table BORROW and Table BOOK

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● Display total of available book and the title

Syntax:

SELECT COUNT(*) AS TotalBooks, Title

FROM BOOK

GROUP BY Title;

Output:

Figure 19 Output on the number of available book and its title

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REPORT AND CALCULATION USING SQL

● Calculate the total of days the book been borrowed

Syntax:

SELECT

Borrow_Date,

Return_Date,

DateDiff("d", Borrow_Date, Return_Date) AS Borrowed_Days

FROM BORROW;

Output:

Figure 20 Output displaying total days the book has been borrowed

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● Calculate and display the minimum and maximum days the book has been borrowed

Syntax:

SELECT

MAX(Borrowed_Days) AS Maximum_Days,

MIN(Borrowed_Days) AS Minimum_Days

FROM (

SELECT

DateDiff("d", Borrow_Date, Return_Date) AS Borrowed_Days

FROM BORROW

) AS Subquery;

Output:

Figure 21 Output display the maximum and minimum days the book has been borrowed

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13.0 CONCLUSION

The library management system is essential for colleges, schools, and many more places these days.
A lot of manual work can be reduced with this library management system. And also, a lot of
glitches like wrong borrow date and miscalculation of fine amount are avoided. As it is a
computer-managed system and so these are all avoided. It is also efficient and cost-effective. The
Library management system stores the details of books and also details of persons. So overall, we
have seen-

● To build a database to maintain all the related information

● We built tables separately to store data.

● Learned the purpose of the library management system.

● What features are required for students and librarians to use LMS?

● We have seen all the implementations using SQL

● and how the software allows storing all the details related to the library.

● Finally, we tested the final database

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14.0 REFERENCES

1) A mini project on designing a DATABASE for Library management system using

mySQL. (n.d.). SlideShare. Retrieved January 27, 2024, from

https://www.slideshare.net/RohithRohith3/a-mini-project-on-designing-a-database-for-lib

rary-management-system-using-mysql

2) Anmol Patel, A. (2016, October 19). Introduction of DBMS (database management

system) - set 1. GeeksforGeeks.

https://www.geeksforgeeks.org/introduction-of-dbms-database-management-system-set-1

3) Florczykowska, D. (2022, June 21). Let’s create a database design for a library system!

Vertabelo Data Modeler; Vertabelo.

https://vertabelo.com/blog/database-for-library-system/

4) paras_tiwari_gfg Follow, P. (2024, January 12). Library Management System project.

GeeksforGeeks.

https://www.geeksforgeeks.org/library-management-system/

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