Mathematics 8 Quarter 3 – Week 5

Lesson 24: Solving Corresponding Parts of Congruent Triangles

Objectives:
 solve corresponding parts of congruent triangles
 use CPCTC (Corresponding Parts of Congruent Triangles are Congruent) to solve problems on
triangles
 find the measures of missing angles and sides of triangles

GENERAL INSTRUCTIONS: Write all your answers in the answer sheet provided.
Activity 1: “Inspect Me!”
Directions: Congruent shapes have the same size and shape. Which figure is congruent to the figure on
the left by inspection? Write only the letter of your answer.

1. A. B. C. D.

2. A. B. C. D.

3. A. B. C. D.

4. A. B. C. D.

5. A. B. C. D.

 Let’s Get Started!

 Corresponding Parts of Congruent Triangles are Congruent (CPCTC)
It can be used to solve problems on triangle. Once congruence between two triangles has been
established, the given parts of a triangle can be used to solve parts of the other triangle congruent to
it. To solve parts of congruent triangles, find the measures of their sides and interior angles.
 Angle Sum Theorem
The angle sum theorem states that the sum of the interior angles of a triangle is 180.
B

A C
m ∠ A +m∠ B+m ∠ C=180

Example 1: Refer to the figure below. Determine the measure of ∠ C .

A
C

50 °

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Mathematics 8 Quarter 3 – Week 5
Solution: m ∠ A=90 ° , m∠ B=50 ° , m∠ C=?
m ∠ A +m∠ B+m ∠ C=180
90+50+ m∠ C=180

140+m ∠ C=180 Transpose 140 to other side to make it −140

m ∠ C=180−140

m ∠ C=40 ° Answer

Example 2: Refer to the figure below. Determine the measures of the indicated angles.

Solution: The two triangles are congruent by the AAS congruence theorem. Consequently, the
corresponding parts are congruent. Note the following congruent angles:
∠ R ≅∠W ∠ R∧∠ W =2 x +6
∠ S ≅ ∠V ∠ S∧∠ V =5 x
∠T ≅∠U ∠ T ∧∠ U =90

m ∠ R +m∠ S+ m∠ T =180
(2 x+ 6)+ 5 x +90=180 Substitute the values
2 x+5 x +6+ 90=180 Combine Like Terms

7 x +96=180 Transpose96 to other side to make it −96

7 x=180−96
7 x=84
7 x 84
=
7 7
x=12 Value of x is 12

Note: We are looking for the measures of angles, so we will substitute the value of x to solve for the
missing angles.

m ∠ R=2 x+ 6 m ∠ S=5 x ∠ T =90 °

¿ 2 ( 12 )+ 6 ¿ 5(12)
¿ 24+ 6 ∠ S=60°
∠ R ¿ 30 °

Answer: Thus, the measures of the angles are: 30 ° ,60 ° , and 90 ° .

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Mathematics 8 Quarter 3 – Week 5
Example 3: Find the side lengths of each triangle.

1. 2.

Solution: The markings indicate that the three Solution: The markings indicate that the two
sides
sides are congruent/equal ( ¿ ) . are congruent/equal( ¿ ) .
1. AB=CB 2. EF=DF
12 y=4 y +16 Transpose 4y x +2.4=2 x +1.7 Transpose x and 1.7

12 y−4 y=16 Simplify 2.4−1.7=2 x −x Simplify

8 y=16 0.7=x or x=0.7

8 y 16
= Divide both sides by 8
8 8
y=2

Note: Substitute the value of y to find the Note: Substitute the value of x to find the
side lengths of the triangle. side lengths of the triangle.
Answer: Answer:
AB=12 y=12 ( 2 )=24 units EF=x+ 2.4=0.7+2.4=3.1 units

CB=4 y +16=4 (2 )+16=8+ 16=24 units DF =2 x +1.7=2(0.7)+1.7=3.1units

AC=24 units DE=4 x+ 0.5=4 (0.7)+0.5=3.3 units

Activity 2: “Assessment”
Directions: Find the side lengths or angles of the following triangles. Show your solutions. (15 pts.
each)
L O
1. 2. X

5 x−30 3 x+ 7.8
2 x+ 6.8

Y Z
10 x 8 x +1.4
P Q
M N

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Mathematics 8 Quarter 3 – Week 6, 7, and 8

Lesson 25: Proving Congruent Triangles

Objectives:
 prove two triangles are congruent
 prove statements on triangle congruence
 apply triangle congruence to construct perpendicular lines and angle bisectors
GENERAL INSTRUCTIONS: Write all your answers in the answer sheet provided.
Activity 1: “Crossword Puzzle”
Directions: Solve the crossword puzzle by identifying the property of equality described in each
statement.
Across
a b a b
3. If a=b and c ≠ 0 , then = . If a=b and c=d ≠ 0 , then = .
c c c d
5. If a=b , then a−c=b−c . If a=b and c=d , then a−c=b−d .
6. a=a
7. If a=b , and b=c , then a=c .
8. If a=b , then ac=bc . If a=b and c=d , then ac=bd .
Down
1. If a=band a+ c=b+ c .If a=b and c=d , then a+ c=b+ d .
2. If a=b , then b=a .
4. If a=b , then a can be substituted for b in any equation.

 Let’s Get Started!

 Properties of Equality
Properties of equality are useful in proving triangle congruence. Let’s review the following
properties.
For any numbers a, b, c, and d:
1. Reflexive Property - a=a
2. Symmetric Property - If a=b , then b=a .
3. Transitive Property - If a=b , and b=c , then a=c .
4. Addition Property - If a=b and c=d , then a+ c=b+ d .
5. Subtraction Property - If a=b and c=d , then a−c=b−d .
6. Multiplication Property - If a=b and c=d , then ac=bd .
a b
7. Division Property - If a=b and c ≠ 0 , then = .
c d
8. Substitution Property - If a=b , then a and b can be substituted for each other in any equation or
inequality.
 Proving Involving Congruent Triangles
Note: In proving triangle congruence, review the congruence postulates and use two-column proof.
H O
Example 1: Refer to the figure on the right.
Given: ∠ HEP ≅ ∠ OPE and ∠ HPE ≅ ∠OEP
Prove: ∆ HEP ≅ ∆ OPE

Solution: E
Statements Reasons
1. ∠ HEP ≅ ∠ OPE 1. Given
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2. ∠ HPE ≅ ∠OEP 2. Given
3. EP ≅ PE 3. Reflexive Property
4. ∆ HEP ≅ ∆ OPE 4. ASA Congruence Postulate
Mathematics 8 Quarter 3 – Week 6, 7, and 8
 Corresponding Parts of Congruent Triangles are Congruent (CPCTC)
If two triangles are congruent, then corresponding parts (sides and angles) are congruent.
Example 2: Refer to the figure on the right. A
Given: AB ≅ AC
Prove: ∠ B ≅ ∠ C

Solution: B C
Statements Reasons
1. AB ≅ AC 1. Given
2. ∠ A ≅ ∠ A 2. Reflexive Property
3. ∆ ABC ≅ ∆ ACB 3. SAS Congruence Postulate
4. ∠ B ≅ ∠ C 4. CPCTC

Example 3: Refer to the figure at the right.

Given: AB ≅ XY ,∠ B ≅ ∠ Y , and BC ≅ YZ
Prove:∠ A ≅ ∠ X

Solution:
Statements Reasons
1. AB ≅ XY 1. Given
2. ∠ B ≅ ∠ Y 2. Given
3. BC ≅ YZ 3. Given
4. ∆ ABC ≅ ∆ XYZ 4. SAS congruence postulate
5. ∠ A ≅ ∠ X 5. CPCTC

 Isosceles Triangle Theorem

In an isosceles triangle, two sides are congruent if and only if their opposite angles are congruent.
L
Example 4: Refer to the figure on the right.
Given: ∆ BLU is an isosceles triangle.
¿ ⊥ BU (the symbol ⊥ read as perpendicular)
Prove: ∆ BLE ≅ ∆ ULE

B E U
Solution:
Statements Reasons
1. ∆ BLU is an isosceles triangle. 1. Given
2. BL ≅ LU 2. Definition of Isosceles Triangle
3. ∠ B ≅ ∠ U 3. Isosceles Triangle Theorem
4. ¿ ⊥ BU 4. Given
5. ∠ BEL and ∠ UEL are right angles. 5. Definition of perpendicularity
6. ∠ BEL ≅ ∠ UEL 6. Right angles are congruent
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 7. ∆ BLE ≅ ∆ ULE 7. SAA Postulate

Mathematics 8 Quarter 3 – Week 6, 7, and 8

Activity 2: “Assessment”
Directions: Complete the proof by filling in the blanks with the correct statements and reasons. Choose
your answer from the choices inside the box. Refer to each figure.
L O
∠ LVE ≅ ∠ OEV Reflexive Property
ASA Congruence Postulate
Given

Given: ∠ LEV ≅ ∠ OVE and ∠ LVE ≅ ∠ OEV E V

Prove: ∆ LEV ≅ ∆ OVE

Statements Reasons
1. ∠ LEV ≅ ∠ OVE 1.
2. 2. Given
3. EV ≅ VE 3.
4. ∆ LEV ≅ ∆ OVE 4.

C D

∆ CAT ≅ ∆ DOG CPCTC

Given ∠ A ≅∠O A O

Given: CA ≅ DO ,∠ A ≅ ∠ O , and AT ≅ OG
Prove:∠ C ≅ ∠ D
T G

Statements Reasons
5. CA ≅ DO 5.
6. 6. Given
7. AT ≅ OG 7.
8. 8. SAS congruence postulate
9. ∠ C ≅ ∠ D 9.

I
KI ≅ ∈¿ Given
Isosceles Triangle Theorem ID ⊥ KN

Definition of perpendicularity SAA Postulate

K N
Given: ∆ KIN is an isosceles triangle. D

ID ⊥ KN (the symbol ⊥ read as perpendicular)

Prove: ∆ KID ≅ ∆ NID

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Mathematics 8 Quarter 3 – Week 6, 7, and 8

Statements Reasons
10. ∆ KIN is an isosceles triangle. 10.
11. 11. Definition of Isosceles Triangle
12 ∠ K ≅ ∠ N 12.
13. 13. Given
14. ∠ KDI and ∠ NDI are right angles. 14.
15. ∠ KDI ≅ ∠ NDI 15. Right angles are congruent
16. ∆ KID ≅ ∆ NID 16.

References
Diaz, Z. & et.al (2017). Next century mathematics 8. 2nd ed. Quezon City. Phoenix Publishing House,
aaaaaInc.

Lopez, B.R., Verzosa, D. & Saturno, W. (2018). Our world of math 8. Manila: Vibal Group, Inc.
Nivera, G. (2014). Grade 8 mathematics: Patterns and Practicalities. Makati City: SalesianaBooks,
Don aaaaaBosco Press, Inc.

Urgena, J.N. & Canlapan, R. (2018). Practical math 8. Makati City: Diwa Learning Systems, Inc.

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