[fofjks msgqj n,kak'

A fldgi

 ish¨u m%Yakj,g ms<;

s =re imhkak'

01. ialkaOh ms<sfj<ska 2𝑚 iy 𝑚 jQ 𝐴 iy 𝐵 f.da, 2la iqug ;sria ;,hla u; hï mr;rhla

iys;j ;nd we;' 𝐴 g 𝑢 m%fõ.hla 𝐵 foig;a 𝐵 g hï m%fõ.hla 𝐴 foig;a fokq ,efí'
f.da, w;r .egqu i`oyd m%;Hd.;s ix.=Klh 1⁄2 fõ' .egqu ksid f.da, w;r we;sjk
3𝑚𝑢
wdfõ.h kï" wdrïNfha 𝐵g 𝐴 foig ,ndÿka m%fõ.h fidhkak' .egqfuka miq 𝐴 ys
2

m%fõ.ho fidhkak'

02. 𝐴 iy 𝐵 kï jia;= 2la w;r wdrïNl ÿr 2𝑎 fõ' 𝐴 jia;=j ksYap,;djfha isg 𝑓 ksh;
;ajrKfhka 𝐵 foig .uka lsÍu wdrïN lrhs' túgu 𝐵 jia;=j 𝑢 m%fõ.fhka p,s;h
wrUd 3𝑓 ksh; ;ajrKfhka 𝐴 foig p,s; ùu wrUhs' 𝐵 g idfmalaIj 𝐴ys m%fõ. - ld,
√𝑢2 +16𝑎𝑓−𝑢
m%i;
a drh we`o tkhsk"a jia;= 2 yuqùug .;jk ld,h nj fmkajkak' .efgk
4𝑓

úg 𝐵g idfmalAIj 𝐴ys m%fõ.h o fidhkak'

03. 𝑡 = 0 § wxY=jla 𝑂𝑋𝑌 ;,fha 𝑂 isg 𝑢𝑖 + 𝜆𝑢𝑗 m%fõ.fhka m%lafIam lrhs' wxY=fõ ;ajrK

ffoYslh −𝑔𝑗 fõ' 𝑖 yd 𝑗 mo ffoYsl jk w;r 𝜆 yd 𝑢 ksh;hka h' 𝑡 ld,hl§ wxY=fõ

𝑔𝑥 2
msysgqï ffoYslh 𝑟 kï" 𝑟 = 𝑥𝑖 + 𝑦𝑗 fõ kï" 𝑦 = 𝜆𝑥 − 2𝑢2 nj fmkajkak'

04' iajlSh tkaðu lsf,dafjdÜ 𝑃 j,ska l%h

s d lrñka mehg ls' óg¾ 𝑈 ksh; fõ.hlska ialkaOh
𝑀 𝑘𝑔 jk r:hla ;eks;,d ud¾.hl p,s; fõ' r:h 𝑅𝑁 ksh; m%;sfrdaOhlg Ndckh fõ
kï" 𝑅 fidhkak'

05. 𝑂 ,laIHhla wkqnoaOfhka 𝐴, 𝐵 iy 𝐶 ,laIHhkays msysgqï ffoYsl ms<sfj<ska

1
2𝑎 + 3𝑏, 3𝑎 − 𝑏 iy (7𝑎 − 6𝑏) nj § we;' 𝐴, 𝐵 iy 𝐶 ,laIH tal f¾Çh nj
2

fmkajkak' 𝐴𝐵: 𝐵𝐶 wkqqmd;h o fidhkak'

[;=kajeks msgqj n,kak'

ixhqla; .Ks;h rejka o¾Yk
 3

06. nr 𝑊 jQ taldldr bksu.la r¿ ;sria fmdf<djla iy r¿ isria ì;a;shla iu`. iam¾Y

jk fia ;nd we;' bksu. ;srig 𝜋⁄3 l fldaKhla wdk; jk w;r fmdf<dfjys r¿;djh
isria ì;a;sfhys r¿;djh kñka fo.=Khls' bksu. iSudldÍ iu;=,s;;djfha mj;skf
a ka
√14−√12
kï" ì;a;sfhys >¾IK ix.=Klh nj fmkajkak'
2

07. flakaøh 𝑜 jQ o wrh 𝑎 jQ o >¾IK ix.=Klh 𝜇 jk fia r¿ jQo isyska jD;a;dldr lïìhla
wp,j isria f,i iú lr we;' 𝑃 kï mn¿jla lïìfha ;sria úIalïNhl ;nd
ksi,;djfhka uqodyÍ kï" 𝑂𝑃 ;sri iu`. 𝜃 fldAKhla iEÿk úg"
𝑔 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝜃 − 𝜇𝑎𝜃̇ 2 − 𝜇𝑔 sin 𝜃 = 𝑎𝜃̈ nj fmkajkak'

08. ialkaOh 3𝑚 jk wxY=jla iqug ;,hla u; we;' wxY=jg wE`¥ wú;kH ;ka;=j fïihg
by<ska iqug lmamh
s jgd oud wfkla fl<jrg ialkaOh 2𝑚 wxY=jla iú lr we;' 2𝑚
wxY=j ℎ Wila isriaj Tijd .=re;ajh hgf;a uqod yßkq ,efí'

2√2𝑔ℎ
(𝑖) 3𝑚 wxY=j by< ke.Su wdrïN jk m%fõ.h nj fmkajkak'
5

6𝑚√2𝑔ℎ
(𝑖𝑖) ;ka;=fõ wdfõ.S wd;;sh nj fmkajkak'
5

09. f.dvke.s,a,la iE§fï l%h

s dj,sfha§ ta i`oyd wjYH øjH kshñ; fõ,djg iemhSfï
isoaêh 𝑀 u`.ska oelafjk w;r kshñ; ld,hg f.dvke.s,a, idod ksu lsÍfï isoaêh 𝐹
u`.ska oelafõ' 𝑃(𝑀) = 0.8 yd 𝑃(𝑀 ∩ 𝐹) = 0.65 kï 𝑃(𝐹 𝑀) ys w.h fidhd
𝑃(𝐹) = 0.7 kï wjYH øjH kshñ; fõ,djg iemhSula fkdue;sj f.dvke.s,a, kshñ;
ld,hg ksuùfï iïNdú;dj fidhkak'

10' o;a; ksheÈhl uOHhkh yd iïu; wm.ukh ms<sfj<ska 42 yd 15 fõ' uOHhkh 50

iïu; wm.ukh 20 hk f¾Çh mßudKh fh§fuka o;a; kej; ilia lr we;' uq,a
w.h 54 jQ o;a;hlg wkqrEm ixfYdaê; ,l=K fidhkak'

ixhqla; .Ks;h rejka o¾Yk [y;rjeks msgqj n,kak'

 4

[y;rjeks msgqj n,kak'

 m%Yak y;rlg muKla ms<s;=re imhkak'

11. (𝑎) iyh Èùfï ;r.hl §" hIaÀh ,nd.ekSfï n,dfmdfrd;a;=fjka isák 𝐴 l%v
S lhd"
Rcq Odjk m:hl 𝑃 ,laIfha isák w;r" Tyqg th ,nd§u i`oyd Èj tk 𝐵 l%v
S lhd
tu Odjk m:fha 𝑄 ,lAIHh miqlrkjd;a iu`.u" 𝐴 l%v
S lhd ksYap,;djfhka
mgkaf.k taldldr 𝑓 ;ajrKfhka 𝐵 ÿjk ÈYdjgu Èj hdug mgka .kS' 𝐵 l%v
S lhd"
𝑄 ia:dkh miqlrk 𝑣 m%fõ.fhkau" 𝑡 ld,hla ;=< bÈßhg we§ bkamiq taldldr
ukaokhla hgf;a" ish fõ.h wvq lr.kakd fudfyd;l hdka;ñka 𝐴 fj; hIaÀh
,ndfohs' 𝐴 l%Svlhd ish Èùu wdrïN lsÍfuka 𝑡0 ld,hlg miq hIaÀ yqjudrej
isÿfõ kï" tu ld, mrdih i`oyd 𝐴 f.a;a 𝐵 f.a;a m%fõ. ld, m%i;
a dr tlu rEm
igykl w`Èkak'

tkhska 𝑃𝑄 = 2𝑠 kï" 𝐵 l%Svlhd 𝑄 ,laIHh miqlsÍfuka miq" taldldr 𝑣 m%fõ.fhka

4𝑠−𝑣𝑡0
.uka .kakd ld,h jk 𝑡" 𝑡 = u`.ska fokq ,nk nj fmkajkak' Tyq (𝑡0 − 𝑡)
𝑣−𝑓𝑡0

ld,h ;=< .uka l< ÿr 𝑠, 𝑣, 𝑓, 𝑡0 weiqßka fidhkak'

(𝑏) È. 𝑎 iy m<, 𝑏 jQ fudag¾ r:hla Rcq ud¾.hla Èf.a ud¾.fha tla udhsul isg ksh;
𝑑 mr;rhla ;nd .ksñka 𝑣 ;sria m%fõ.fhka .uka .ksñka isà' ñksfila fudag¾ r:fha
isg ℓ ÿrla bÈßfhka by; lS ud¾.fha udhsfï isg udhsu iu`. 𝜃 fldaKhla idok
ÈYdjg r:fhka bj;g 𝑢 m%fõ.fhka .uka lsÍu wrUhs'

𝑢𝑠𝑖𝑛 𝜃 𝑏+𝑑
(𝑖) > kï" ñksidg r:h bÈßfhka wk;=rlska f;drj mdr udreúh yels
𝑣−𝑢𝑐𝑜𝑠𝜃 ℓ

nj fmkajkak'

ℓ ℓ 5𝑢
(𝑖𝑖) 𝑏 = 4 yd 𝑑 = 2 kï o" ñksid hka;ñka r:h bÈßfhka mdr udrefjhso kï 𝑣 ≤ 3

nj fmkajkak'

ixhqla; .Ks;h rejka o¾Yk

[miajeks msgj
q n,kak'
 5

12' (𝑎) 𝑚 ialkaOfhkao 𝑎 Wiska o 𝛼(< 𝜋⁄2) wdk;sfhka o hqla; iqug l=[a[hlg

wfrdaylhl iqug ;sria ìu u; p,kh ùug ksoyi we;' wdfrdaylh 2𝑔 ksh;

;ajrKfhka by< k.shs' 2𝑚 ialkaOfhka hq;a wxY=jla l=[a[fha my, odrfhka
wdrïNlr tys uqyqK; Èf.a by<g m%lafIamKh flfrkafka 3√𝑔𝑎 m%fõ.fhks'
wxY=fõ p,s;h isÿjkafka l=[a[fha wdk; uqyqKf;a jeä;u nEjqï f¾Ldj Tiafiah'
wxY=j l=[a[fha uqÿka ,laIHhg hka;ñka meñfKkafka kï 𝛼 fidhkak'

wxY=j l=[a[fha uqÿka ,CIHhg meñfKk úg l=[a[h .uka lr we;s isria ÿr

fidhkak'

a h 𝑂′ o
(b) rEmfha oelafjkafka flakaøh 𝑂 o wrh 2𝑎 o jQ w¾O jD;a; k<hlg flakø
wrh 𝑎 o jk w¾O jD;a; k<hla iïnkaO lr we;s whqre h' 𝑃, 𝑂, 𝑂′ , 𝑄 w¾O jD;a;
folg jQ ;sria úIalïNhls' ialkaO ms<sfj,ska 𝑚
yd 2𝑚 jk 𝑃, 𝑄 wxY= folla È. 2𝜋𝑎 jQ ieye,a¨
wú;kH fkdnqre,a ;ka;=jlska iïnkaO lrkq ,en
by< k<h ;=< nyd we;' wdrïNfha § k<fha ;sria
úIalïNhl fofl,jr wxY= o ;ka;=j k<fha by<
Nd.fha o ;nd moaO;sh ksYAp,;djfhka uqodyÍ' 𝑡
ld,fha § 𝑂𝑃, 𝜃 fldaKhlska yeÍ we;akï Yla;s ixiaÓ;s uQ,O¾uh fh§fuka fldAKsl
m%fõ.h 𝜃̇ hkak 3𝑎𝜃̇ 2 = 𝑔 sin 𝜃(2 𝐶𝑜𝑠𝜃 − 1) nj fmkajkak' fuu fudfydf;a § k<h
yd 𝑃 wxY=j w;r m%;sl%h
s dj fidhkak'

13' (𝑎) wxY=jla fmd,j u; msysá 𝑂 ,laIHlska .=re;ajh hgf;a ;srig 300 lska wdk;j" 𝑢
m%fõ.fhka m%lafIamKh lrhs' tu fudfydf;au 𝑂 isg 2𝑎 ;sria ÿrlska jQo" wxY=fõ
p,s; ;,hg ,ïnl jQo" isria me,e,a,la wxY=j foig √3𝑢 taldldr fõ.fhka p,kh
ùug i,iajhs' wxY=j fmd,fõ isg ℎ Wil§ me,e,af,a j§ kï" ℎ fidhkak'

2√3𝑎
;jo ℎ < nj wfmdaykh lrkak'
9

(b) iajNdúl È. 𝑙 iy m%;Hia:;d udmdxlh 4𝑚𝑔 jk ;ka;=jl fl<jrla 𝐴 wp,

,laIHhlg iïnkaO lr we;s w;r wfkla fl<jrg ialkaOh 𝑚 jk wxY=jla iïnkaO
lr we;' wxY=j 𝐴 g my<ska iu;=,s;;dfjhka t,af,hs' ;ka;=fõ ú;;sh fidhkak'

oeka wxY=j 𝐴 g 𝑙 ÿrla isriaj my<ska msysá 𝐵 ,laIHhl ;nd √6𝑔𝑙 fõ.fhka isriaj
my<g m%lafIam flf¾'

ixhqla; .Ks;h rejka o¾Yk [yhjeks msgqj n,kak'

 6

;ka;=fõ ú;;sh 𝑥 jk úg wxY=fõ p,s; iólrKh

𝑙 𝑔
𝑥̈ + 𝜔2 (𝑥 − 4) = 0 nj fmkajkak' fuys 𝜔 = 2√ 𝑙 fõ'

𝑙
fuu iólrKfha úi`ÿu 𝑥 = + 𝑐1 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝜔𝑡 + 𝑐2 𝑠𝑖𝑛𝜔𝑡 nj Wml,amkh lr 𝑐1 iy
4

𝑐2 ksh; fidhkak' 𝐶 hkq wxY=j t<fUk my;u ,laIHh kï 𝐵 isg 𝐶 olajd p,s;hg
1 𝜋 1 𝑙
.; jQ ld,h ( + sin−1 ) √ nj fmkajkak'
2 2 5 𝑔

14' (𝑎) 𝑂𝐴𝐵𝐶 iup;=ri%fha 𝑂 wkqnoaOfhka 𝐴 yd 𝐶 ,laIHj, msysgqï ffoYsl ms<sfj,ska 𝑎

yd 𝑐 fõ' 𝐵𝐶 mdofha uOH ,laIHh 𝐷 o" 𝐸 hkq 𝐴𝐸: 𝐸𝐷 = 2: 1 jk mßÈ 𝐴𝐷 u; jQ
,laIHhla o fõ' 𝑎 yd 𝑐 weiqfrka 𝐷 iy 𝐸 ,laIHj, msysgqï ffoYsl fidhkak'

𝑂, 𝐸, 𝐵 talf¾Çh nj fmkajd 𝑂𝐸: 𝐸𝐵 wkqmd;h fidhkak' ⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗

𝐶𝑋 = 3𝑎 o 𝑂𝑋, 𝐴𝐷
tlsfkl 𝐹 ys§ fþokh fõo kï 𝑂𝐹: 𝐹𝑋 wkqmd;h fidhkak'

(b) 𝑥𝑜𝑦 ;,h u; msysgk 𝐴, 𝐵, 𝐶, 𝐷 ,laIH y;rl msysgqï ffoYsl ms<sfj,ska

𝑖 + 𝑗, 2𝑖 + 3𝑗, −𝑖 + 2𝑗 iy 𝑗 fjhs' ñkqï tallh óg¾ fjhs' 𝐴𝐵, 𝐵𝐶, 𝐶𝐷, 𝐷𝐴 Tiafia

wCIr mámdáfhka oelafjk ÈYdj,g úYd,;aj ms<sfj,ska 2√5𝑁 ,4√10𝑁, 3√2𝑁, 3𝑁

jk n, l%h
s d lrhs' fuu ish¨ n, 𝑖 iy 𝑗 weiqßka m%ldY lrkak' fuu moaO;sh uQ,fha§

;ks n,hlg iy n, hq.auhlg W!Kkh jk nj § we;akï ;ks n,h 𝑖 yd 𝑗 weiqfrka

m%ldY lrkak' tys úYd,;ajh iy ÈYdj fidhkak' hq.aufha >Q¾Kh 24 𝑁𝑚 nj fmkajd

tys wNsÈYdj fidhkak' iïm%%hqla; n,fha l%h
s d f¾Ldfõ iólrKh

3𝑥 − 4𝑦 + 24 = 0 nj fmkajkak'

(10, 𝐾) ,laIHfha l%h

s dlrk wu;r n,hla iu`. tlaj moaO;sh iu;=,s; jk nj §
we;akï 𝐾 ys w.h fidhd" tu wu;r n,fha l%h
s d f¾Ldfõ iólrKh fidhkak'

15' (𝑎) 𝐴𝐵, 𝐵𝐶, 𝐶𝐷 hk È.ska yd nßka iudk taldldr o`vqq ;=kla 𝐵 yd 𝐶 ys § ksoyfia ikaê
lr 𝐴𝐵 yd 𝐶𝐷 o`vq tlu ;sria f¾Ldfõ msysá iqug kdoe;s folla iam¾Y jk fia iy
𝐵𝐶 oKav by<ska u msysgk fia isria ;,hl iu;=,s;;dfõ mj;S' 𝐴𝐵 yd 𝐶𝐷 o`vq tl
tlla ;sri iu`. 𝜃 fldaK idohs' 𝐵 ikaêfha § m%;sl%h
s dj ;sri iu`. ∅ fldAKhla
idohs kï" 3 tan 𝜃 tan ∅ = 1 nj fmkajkak'

ixhqla; .Ks;h rejka o¾Yk [y;ajeks msgqj n,kak'

 7

(𝑏) ¨yq iudk o`vq myla iqug f,i ikaê lr ;kk ,o

rduq iels,a, 𝐴 ys § wp, ,lAIHhlg wp, f,i wiõ
lr we;' 𝐶 ys § 𝑊 nrla t,a,d we;s w;r 𝐷 ys §
𝐴𝐷 g ,ïn j fhdok ,o 𝑃 n,hla u.ska rduqq
iels,a, 𝐴𝐵 ;sria jk fia isria ;,hl iu;=,s; j
;nd we;' 𝑃 ys w.h yd 𝐴 wiõfõ m%;sl%shdfõ ;sria
yd isria ixrpl fidhkak'

𝐴 ikaêfha iu;=,s;;dj i,ld m%;Hdn, igykla fhdod fkdf.k 𝐴𝐵 yd 𝐴𝐷 o`vqj,

m%;Hdn, fidhkak' 𝐶 ikaêh i`oyd m%;Hdn, igykla fhdod f.k 𝐶𝐷 yd 𝐶𝐵 o`vqj,
m%;Hdn, fidhkak'

(𝑐) ialkaOh 𝑀 jQ 𝐴𝐵 taldldr oKavl 𝐵 fl<jr r¿ ;sria mDIaGhla yd iam¾Y j ;srig 𝜃

fldAKhlska wdk; j mj;S' oKav yd tu mDIaGh w;r
>¾IK ix.=Klh 𝜇 fõ' oKafâ 𝐴 fl<jrg .eg .ik
,o ieye,a¨" wú;kH ;ka;=jla 𝑃 kï iqug lmamshla
Wäka f.dia wks;a fl<jfrys ialkaOh 𝑚 jQ 𝑄 wxY=jla
ord isà' iu;=,s; msysàfï § ;ka;=j oKavg ,ïn fõ'

2𝑚
(𝑖) 𝑐𝑜𝑠 = nj fmkajkak'
𝑀

(𝑖𝑖) iu;=,s;;dj mej;Sug kï 𝑀 > 2𝑚 úh hq;= nj fmkajkak'

𝑚√𝑀2 −4𝑚2
(𝑖𝑖𝑖) 𝜇 g .; yels wju w.h nj fmkajkak'
𝑀2 −2𝑚2

16' (𝑎) taldldr w¾O f.da,dldr lfnd,l we;=<; yd msg; wrhka ms<sfj<ska 𝑎 iy 𝑏 fõ'
3 (𝑎+𝑏)(𝑎2 +𝑏 2 )
tys .=re;aj flakø
a h fmdÿ flakaøfha isg ÿrlska msysgk nj fmkajkak'
8 (𝑎2 +𝑎𝑏+𝑏 2 )

tkhska taldldr ;=kS w¾O f.da,dldr lfnd,l wdldrfha md;%hl .=re;aj flakø
a fha
msysàu wfmdaykh lrkak'

(𝑏) ;=kS taldldr øjHhlska ieÈ fldamamhla w¾O úIalïNh 𝑎 jk l=yr f.da,hlska lmd
.;a fldgilska yd m;=, jYfhka Bg iïnkaO fldg we;s w¾O úIalïNh 𝑎 sin 𝛼 jk
jD;a;dldr fldgilska iukaú;h' fldamamfha .eÜg msysgk ;,h m;=f,a fm;a;g
𝜋
iudka;r fõ' .eÜfÜ w¾O úIalïNh 𝑎sin 𝛽 kï" 0 < 𝛼 < 𝛽 < jk úg fldamamfha
2
𝑎(cos 𝛼−cos 𝛽)2
.=re;aj flakaøhg m;=f,a isg we;s ÿr nj fmkajkak'
2(cos 𝛼−cos 𝛽)+𝑠𝑖𝑛2 𝛼

ixhqla; .Ks;h rejka o¾Yk [wgjeks msgqj n,kak'

 8

17' (𝑎) tla;rd mdi,l Wiia fm< .Ks; wxYfha isik

q a 100 la muKla we;' Tjqka mdi,g
meñKSfï§ m%udo ù mdi,g meñfKk .Kk 48 la fõ' fuu isik
q a 100 fokdf.ka 50
la niaj, meñfKk w;r"30 la ÿïßfhka meñfKa' ^nia r:j,ska iy ÿïßfhka hk
foflkau lsif
s jla fkdmeñfKa'& b;sß wh fjk;a l%u j,ska meñfKa' niaßfhka meñKs
isik
q af.ka 60] la m%udo ù meñK we;' nia fyda ÿïßh fkdue;sj fjk;a l%uj,ska
meñfKk isik
q f
a .ka 30] la m%udo ù meñK we;' by; isik
q a 100 fokdf.ka tla
isif
q jla iiïNdùj f;dard.;af;a kï"

(𝑖) Tyq ÿïßfhka meñfKkafkla kï m%udo ù meñKSfï iïNdú;dj fidhkak'

(𝑖𝑖) m%udo ù we;akï" niaßfhka meñK ;sîfï iïNdú;dj fidhkak'

(𝑏) f.dú m¾fhaIK wdh;khl t<fokqka 100 l jHdma;sfha nr ukskq ,efí' tla tla
mka;sfha uOH w.h § we;'

nr ^uOH w.h& 7 12 17 22 27 32
t<fokqka .Kk 6 𝑓1 35 𝑓2 7 2

(𝑖) uOHia:h 16.5 kï 𝑓1 , 𝑓2 fidhkak'

(𝑖𝑖) uOHkHh" iïu; wm.ukh" jHdma;sfha yevh fidhkak'

D:Sithroo Creation\Nishadhi\Ruwan Sir \ppr clz / ppr clz 31~~~ - 0715856900

ixhqla; .Ks;h rejka o¾Yk