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Assignment Week 8

This assignment explores the algebraic structure of groups using different number systems and operations. Students are asked to provide an example and counter-example of an Abelian group by choosing a number system and operation. For the example, integers with addition is used, satisfying all group properties including being commutative. For the counter-example, integers with multiplication is used, failing to satisfy the inverse property and thus not being an Abelian group.

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25 views4 pages

Assignment Week 8

This assignment explores the algebraic structure of groups using different number systems and operations. Students are asked to provide an example and counter-example of an Abelian group by choosing a number system and operation. For the example, integers with addition is used, satisfying all group properties including being commutative. For the counter-example, integers with multiplication is used, failing to satisfy the inverse property and thus not being an Abelian group.

Uploaded by

johnnydepp4208
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Purpose of this assignment:

This assignment is to help you develop a better understanding of group theory and how it can be

applied in different fields, including computer science, cryptography, mathematics, and

engineering. By engaging in meaningful discussions with your peers and instructors, you will be

able to deepen your understanding of these concepts and become a more effective problem solver

in your personal and professional life.

Task:

For this assignment, we will explore the basic algebraic structure group. As we near the end of

this course, we assume that you are well acquainted with the notations of different number

systems such as ℤ, ℝ, ℕ, and ℚ.

Your task is to provide an example and a counter-example of the Abelian group by choosing any

number system (mentioned above) and any algebraic operation such as addition (+), subtraction

(-), multiplication (×), division (÷), addition modulo ( ), or multiplication modulo (n X ).

Choose operations that you find interesting and include reasoning for your choices.

Solution:

An Abelian group is a group for which the elements satisfy the following five properties that is:

 Closure property

 Associative property

 Identity property

 Inverse property

 Commutative property
Example of the Abelian group

Let’s consider the set of integers (Z) and the algebraic operation of addition (+). The set

of integers (Z) under the algebraic operation of addition forms an Abelian group.

1- Closure property

∀ a , b ∈ Z ⟹ a+ b ∈ Z

For example:

2 , 8 ∈ Z ⟹ 2+8=10∈ Z

2- Associative property

( a+ b ) +c=a+ ( b+ c ) ∀ a , b , c ∈ Z

For example:

∀ 2 ,−4 , 6 ∈ Z

( 2+ (−4 )) + 6=2+ ( (−4 )+ 6 )


(−2 ) +6=2+(2)

4=4

3- Identity property

When 0 is added to any integer number a, the sum is a. Therefor 0 is the additive

identity of set of integers.

For example:

a+ 0=a ∀ a ,0 ∈ Z

2+0=2

4- Inverse property

a+ (−a ) =0 ∀ a ,−a ∈ Z

For example:

2+ (−2 ) =0
6+ (−6 )=0

5- Commutative property

a+ b=b+a ∀ a , b ∈ Z

For example:

2+9=9+2

11=11

Counter example of the Abelian group

Let’s consider the set of integers (Z) and the algebraic operation of multiplication (*). The set of

integers (Z) under the algebraic operation of multiplication does not form an Abelian group.

1- Closure property

∀ a , b ∈ Z ⟹ a∗b ∈ Z

For example:

2 , 8 ∈ Z ⟹ 2∗8=16 ∈ Z

2- Associative property

( a∗b )∗c=a∗( b∗c ) ∀ a , b , c ∈ Z

For example:

∀ 2 ,−4 , 6 ∈ Z

( 2∗(−4 ) )∗6=2∗( (−4 )∗6 )


(−8 )∗6=2∗(−2 4)

−48=−4 8

3- Identity property
When 1 is multiplied to any integer number a, the product is a. Therefor 1 is the

multiplicative identity of set of integers.

For example:

a∗1=a ∀ a ,1 ∈ Z

2∗1=2

6- Inverse property

a∗a=1 ∀ a∈ Z

Z does not have inverse of all elements except 1 and -1

Therefor, the set of integers Z under the algebraic operation of multiplication is not an Abelian

group.

Your Discussion should be a minimum of 200 words in length.

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