SAGARI NSTITUTE OF RESEARCH TECHNOLOGY& SCIENCE

,BHOPAL(M.P.)
Department of Computer Science & Engineering

“JOB FINDER (CAREERNET)”

A Major Project

Submitted in the partial fulfillment for the award of the degree of

Bachelor of Technology
In
Computer Science &

Engineering Submitted to

RAJIV GANDHI PROUDYOGIKI VISHWAVIDYALAYA,

(State Technological University of M.P.)

Submitted By:
PRAKHAR SHARMA – 0186CS201068
SAJJAN KR SINGH – 0186CS201093
YOGENDRA SINGH – 0186CS201126

Under the Guidance of

Prof. Ashish Chourey

SAGAR INSTITUTE OF RESEARCH & TECHNOLOGY, BHOPAL

(M.P.)
Department of Computer Science and
Engineering NOV-2023
 SAGARI NSTITUTE OF RESEARCH TECHNOLOGY& SCIENCE
,BHOPAL(M.P.)
Department of Computer Science & Engineering

DECLARATION

I hereby declare that the work, which is being presented in the major project, entitled " JOB
FINDER (CAREERNET) " Submitted in the Department of Computer Science &
Engineering, Sagar Institute of Research Technology & Science, Bhopal is an authentic
record of my own work carried out during the period from July 2023 - Dec 2023, under the

guidance of “Prof. Ashish Chourey” Department of Computer Science &

Engineering, Sagar Institute of Research Technology & Science, Bhopal.

Date: ……… PRAKHAR SHARMA –

0186CS201068
SAJJAN KR SINGH – 0186CS201093
YOGENDRA SINGH – 0186CS201126
Place: Bhopal
 SAGARI NSTITUTE OF RESEARCH TECHNOLOGY& SCIENCE
,BHOPAL(M.P.)
Department of Computer Science & Engineering

CERTIFICATE

This is to certify that the Major Project “JOB FINDER (CAREERNET)” being Submitted
by PRAKHAR SHARMA [0186CS201068], SAJJAN KR SINGH[0186CS201093],
YOGENDRA SINGH [0186CS201126] ” in partial fulfillment of the requirement for the
award of the degree of Bachelor of Technology in Computer Science and Engineering
to RAJIV GANDHI PROUDYOGIKI VISHWAVIDYALAYA, BHOPAL (M.P.)
during the academic year 2023-24is a record of bonafide piece of work, carried out by her
under my supervision and guidance in the Department of Computer Science and
Engineering, Sagar Institute of Research Technology & Science, Bhopal.

Prof. Ashish Chourey Dr. Ritu Shrivastava

CSE Dept. HOD CSE
Supervisor

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,BHOPAL(M.P.)
Department of Computer Science & Engineering

APPROVALCERTIFICATE

The major project entitled “JOB FINDER (CAREERNET) ” being submitted by

“PRAKHAR SHARMA [0186CS201068], SAJJAN KR SINGH[0186CS201093],
YOGENDRA SINGH [0186CS201126]”to RAJIV
GANDHI PROUDYOGIKI
VISHWAVIDYALAYA, BHOPAL (M.P.) has been examined by us and is hereby
approved for the award of degree “Bachelor of Technology in Computer Science and
Engineering” in the academic year 2023-24

Prof. Ashish Chourey

(Internal Examiner) (External Examiner)

Date: Date:

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,BHOPAL(M.P.)
Department of Computer Science & Engineering

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

This is one of the best moments of my B.Tech. program to publicly acknowledgment those who
have contributed in many different ways to make my success a part of their own. The completion
of the Major Project depends upon the co-operation, coordination and combined effects of
several resources of knowledge energy.

I heartily thanks to Prof Ashish Chourey, Prof. Ashish Chourey, who have supported in
Major project, faculties of Department of Computer Science & Engineering, for accepting me to
work under their Valuable Guidance, Closely Supervised this work over the past few months and
offering many innovative ideas and helpful suggestions, which led to the successful completion
of this dissertation work.

I am especially thankful Dr. Rajiv Srivastava, Director (SIRT, Bhopal) for his kind co-
operation and rendering me all possible facilities.
I express my thanks to Dr. Ritu Shrivastava HOD Computer Science & Engineering dept. SIRT
Bhopal for kind support.
I am thankful to all staff members of the CSE department and my friends for their timely help-
operation and suggestion during my project work. Lastly but not the least, I must express thanks
to my family, without their moral support it was impossible for me to complete this major project
work.

PRAKHAR SHARMA – 0186CS201068

SAJJAN KR SINGH – 0186CS201093
YOGENDRA SINGH – 0186CS201126

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,BHOPAL(M.P.)
Department of Computer Science & Engineering
Table of Contents Page No
Title Page 1
Declaration Of Student 2
Certificate 3
Approval Certificate 4
Acknowledgement 5
List Of Figures 6
List Of Tables
Abstract
Chapter 1Introduction
1.1Objective
1.2Scope
1.3Purpose
1.4ProblemStatement
1.5 Literature Survey

Chapter2Design
2.1E-R Diagram
2.2DataFlowDiagram
2.3 Use Case Diagram
2.4 Class Diagram
2.5Sequence Diagram
2.6 Collaboration Diagram
2.7 Activity Diagram
2.8 Component Diagram
2.9 Deployment Diagram
2.10FlowChartDiagram,etc.

Chapter3ImplementationRequirements
3.1Front-End
3.2Back-End

Chapter4Lay-out
4.1Snapshots
4.2 Test Cases

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,BHOPAL(M.P.)
Department of Computer Science & Engineering
Chapter5Application
5.1Advantage(s)
5.2Disadvantage(s)
5.3Application(s)

Chapter 6Conclusionand FutureWork

6.1Conclusion
6.2Future Work

References

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,BHOPAL(M.P.)
Department of Computer Science & Engineering

List of Figures
FigNo FigureName PageNo
Fig 1
Fig 2
Fig 3
….. …… …….

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,BHOPAL(M.P.)
Department of Computer Science & Engineering

ListofTables
TableNo TableName PageNo
Table1
… … …

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,BHOPAL(M.P.)
Department of Computer Science & Engineering

ABSTRACT

CarreerNet is an innovative online platform revolutionizing job and internship

searches. Using a sophisticated matching algorithm, it tailors opportunities to
individual skills and career goals, providing a personalized and efficient job-hunting
experience. The platform hosts a comprehensive database spanning entry-level to
executive positions, ensuring diverse opportunities for every user. With an intuitive
interface, users can easily navigate and manage applications. Detailed company
profiles offer insights into workplace culture and values, aiding informed decisions.
CarreerNet also supports continuous growth with skill development resources,
webinars, and industry insights. Real-time notifications keep users updated on the
latest opportunities securely, prioritizing privacy and confidentiality. Whether you're a
recent graduate or an experienced professional, CarreerNet is your gateway to
unlocking new career horizons.

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,BHOPAL(M.P.)
Department of Computer Science & Engineering

CHAPTER – 1

INTRODUCTION

1.1 Objective

CarreerNet's objective is to revolutionize career advancement by providing a user-

friendly platform with a sophisticated matching algorithm. We aim to seamlessly
connect individuals with their ideal jobs and internships, offering comprehensive
resources for continuous professional growth and fostering a secure, confidential,
and efficient job search experience.
1.2 Scope

The scope of the CarreerNet project encompasses the development of an innovative

online platform facilitating seamless job and internship searches. The platform will
feature an intelligent matching algorithm, user-friendly interfaces, and
comprehensive databases of opportunities across various industries. It aims to
provide users with a personalized and secure job search experience, including skill
development resources.
The project's scope extends to fostering continuous professional growth,
empowering individuals to make informed career decisions, and connecting top-tier
talent with diverse employment opportunities.
1.3 Purpose

The purpose of this project is to develop a face detection.

1. Automate attendance tracking to streamline administrative processes.

2. Improve accuracy and efficiency in recording attendance data.
3. Enhance security measures through advanced face recognition technology.
4. Provide a user-friendly interface for seamless interaction and management.
5. Ensure scalability to accommodate varying organizational needs.
6. Integrate with existing systems for data synchronization and management.
7. Comply with privacy regulations and ethical standards for data protection.
8. Optimize performance for swift and reliable identification in diverse
environments.
9. Facilitate comprehensive documentation and reporting for informed decision-
making.
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,BHOPAL(M.P.)
Department of Computer Science & Engineering

1.4 Problem Statement

"Current attendance systems lack accuracy and efficiency, leading to time-consuming

manual processes. Security concerns and data discrepancies further emphasize the
need for a reliable face recognition attendance system."

1.5 Literature Survey

The literature survey for the internship and job portal project encompasses a thorough
exploration of diverse research areas. It delves into existing literature on job and
internship platforms, analyzing features and functionalities, user authentication
methods, and security considerations. The survey scrutinizes UX design principles to
enhance user interactions and studies database management strategies for secure
storage of user information. Additionally, it investigates role-based access control
systems, ensuring proper restriction of user access based on roles. Usability testing
methodologies are explored to optimize the user interface, while insights into mobile
application development frameworks and security considerations contribute to a
comprehensive understanding. By synthesizing knowledge from these diverse sources,
the literature survey serves as a crucial foundation for making informed decisions,
avoiding potential pitfalls, and enriching the internship and job portal project with best
practices and innovative solutions.

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,BHOPAL(M.P.)
Department of Computer Science & Engineering

CHAPTER - 2

DESIGN

2.1 E-R Diagram

The ER diagram for CarreerNet represents the key entities and their relationships
within the system, outlining the structure of the database. Here is a brief description of
the main components:

Face Detection System entities and their attributes:

User Entity: User_id, User_name

Face Detector Entity: camera module

Points to consider in the ER diagram:

- Users can apply for multiple jobs and internships.

- Each job and internship listing is associated with a specific company.
- Users can have a variety of skills listed on their profiles.
- The ER diagram ensures a clear representation of relationships between users,
jobs, internships, companies, and skills.
- It facilitates efficient data retrieval for personalized job recommendations based
on user skills and preferences.
- The diagram considers the need for scalability, allowing for the addition of
new entities or attributes as the platform evolves.

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,BHOPAL(M.P.)
Department of Computer Science & Engineering

Fig. 2.1 E-R Diagram

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,BHOPAL(M.P.)
Department of Computer Science & Engineering

2.2Data Flow Diagram (DFD):

The Data Flow Diagram for CarreerNet illustrates the flow of data within the system, showcasing
processes, data stores, and external entities. Here's a brief description of the main components:

1. *External Entities:*
- *Users:* Interact with the system by submitting applications, updating profiles, and searching
for jobs and internships.
- *Companies:* Provide job and internship listings, interact with user applications, and
update company information.

2. *Processes:*
- *Job Search and Application Process:* Users search for jobs and internships, and upon finding
a suitable opportunity, submit applications.
- *Profile Management:* Users update and manage their profiles, including personal details,
skills, and preferences.
- *Company Profile Management:* Companies update and manage their profiles,
including information about the company and posted opportunities.
- *Matching Algorithm:* Analyzes user profiles, job/internship requirements, and skills to
generate personalized recommendations.
- *Application Review:* Companies review and respond to user applications.
3. *Data Stores:*
- *User Profiles:* Stores information about users, including personal details, skills, and
application history.
- *Job and Internship Listings:* Stores details of available jobs and internships posted
by companies.
- *Company Profiles:* Stores information about companies, including industry, location,
and posted opportunities.
- *Skills Database:* Stores a repository of skills that users can associate with their profiles.

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Department of Computer Science & Engineering

Use Case Diagram for CarreerNet:

The use case diagram for CarreerNet illustrates the interactions between actors and the system,
highlighting key functionalities that cater to users' needs in the job and internship search process.

1. *User Registration and Profile Management:*

- Points:
- Users initiate the registration process to create accounts on CarreerNet.
- After registration, users engage in profile management to input personal details, skills, and
preferences.
- The system ensures secure storage and retrieval of user information.

2. *Job Search and Application:*

- Points:
- Users can search for jobs and internships based on criteria such as industry, location, and skill
requirements.
- The system employs an intelligent matching algorithm to provide tailored recommendations.
- Users interact with the system to submit applications directly to companies for relevant positions.
CHECK IN DATABASE
3. *Skill Development Resources and Notifications:*
- Points:
- Users access skill development resources, including courses and webinars, to enhance their
professional capabilities.
- The system sends real-time notifications to users about new ob UPDATE
postings,INapplication
FIREBASE pdates, and
j relevant skill-building opportunities. u
- Users have the option to customize notification preferences based on their interests and activities
on the platform.

The use case diagram encapsulates the primary interactions between RESTART eerNet platform,
user s and the
Carr job search, application
emphasizing essential features such as user registration, profile management,
submission, skill development, and notifications. It provides a high-level overview of how users
navigate the system to achieve their career-related goals.

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,BHOPAL(M.P.)
Department of Computer Science & Engineering

Fig. 2.3 Use Case Diagram

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,BHOPAL(M.P.)
Department of Computer Science & Engineering

2.4 Class Diagram

The class diagram for the internship and job portal project visually represents the structure
of the system by illustrating the classes, their attributes, and the relationships among them.
The fundamental classes include "User," "JobPosting," "Application," and
"Authentication." The "User" class encompasses subclasses like "Employee" and
"Student," each possessing unique attributes such as username, password, and contact
details. The "JobPosting" class encapsulates information about available positions,
including job descriptions and requirements.

The "Application" class establishes the relationship between users and job postings,
storing data regarding submitted applications, status, and additional details. The
"Authentication" class manages the login and registration processes, ensuring secure
access to the portal.

Associations between classes indicate relationships, such as a one-to-many association

between "User" and "Application," reflecting that a user can submit multiple applications.
Additionally, a many-to-many association may link "Employee" and "JobPosting" classes,
signifying that an employee can post multiple job listings, and a listing can be associated
with multiple employees.

The class diagram provides a blueprint for developers, guiding the implementation of the
project's object-oriented structure. It promotes code modularity, encapsulation, and
reusability, enhancing the project's maintainability and scalability while ensuring a clear
representation of the system's core functionalities.

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,BHOPAL(M.P.)
Department of Computer Science & Engineering

Fig. 2.4 Class Diagram

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,BHOPAL(M.P.)
Department of Computer Science & Engineering

2.5 Sequence Diagram

The sequence diagram for the internship and job portal project illustrates the dynamic
interactions and message flow between objects over time, providing a step-by-step
visualization of key system processes. It typically begins with a user triggering a login
or registration event. The "Authentication" object processes the request, interacting
with the "User" object to verify credentials and establish a session.

Upon successful login, a sequence may depict a "Student" object searching for job or
internship opportunities. The sequence involves interactions with the "JobPosting"
object, retrieving relevant listings. Subsequently, the student selects a position,
initiating an application process. The "Application" object is activated, storing
application details and updating the status.

On the employer side, an "Employee" object may create a job posting. The sequence
involves interactions with the "JobPosting" object to store details in the database, and
the information becomes accessible to students.

Throughout these sequences, various objects collaborate to fulfill user actions, and the
diagram showcases the chronological order of these interactions. It aids developers in
understanding the system's flow, ensuring the proper orchestration of events and
effective communication between objects during runtime. The sequence diagram is
instrumental in clarifying the project's dynamic behavior and facilitating the
implementation of its functional processes.

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,BHOPAL(M.P.)
Department of Computer Science & Engineering

Fig. 2.5 Sequence Diagram

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,BHOPAL(M.P.)
Department of Computer Science & Engineering

2.6 Collaboration Diagram

A collaborative diagram, also known as a communication diagram, for the internship and job portal
project provides a visual representation of the interaction between objects in a more simplified and
intuitive manner. It emphasizes the relationships and connections between objects during runtime.
Key entities such as "User," "Employee," "Student," "JobPosting," and "Authentication" are depicted
as nodes in the diagram.

The collaborative diagram illustrates communication paths through labeled arrows, reflecting the
exchange of messages and information between objects. For instance, when a user initiates the login
process, a message arrow may connect the "User" and "Authentication" objects, indicating the
transmission of login credentials. The diagram effectively conveys the flow of control and data
between these objects.

In the context of the job portal project, collaborative diagrams capture interactions like a student
searching for job listings, an employee posting a new job, or a user submitting an internship
application. The simplicity of this visual representation aids in understanding how different objects
collaborate to achieve specific functionalities.

This diagram is instrumental in both designing and communicating the runtime behavior of the
system. It enhances the comprehension of the project's dynamic aspects, facilitating developers in
implementing seamless interactions and ensuring effective communication among objects during the
execution of the internship and job portal application.

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,BHOPAL(M.P.)
Department of Computer Science & Engineering

Fig 2.8 Collaboration Diagram

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,BHOPAL(M.P.)
Department of Computer Science & Engineering

2.7 Activity Diagram

The activity diagram for the internship and job portal project offers a visual representation of the flow
of activities and actions within the system. It focuses on depicting the sequential and parallel
workflows, highlighting the processes that occur as users interact with the application. Key activities
include user registration, login, job searching, application submission, and job posting.

Starting with the user registration process, the activity diagram outlines the steps involved, such as
inputting user details, validating information, and storing the data in the system. Subsequently, the
login process is illustrated, showcasing the authentication steps and session establishment.

For job seekers, the diagram details the process of searching for job or internship opportunities,
selecting a position, and submitting an application. On the employer side, it outlines the steps for an
employee to create and post a new job opportunity.

Parallel activities, such as simultaneous job searches by multiple users, are visually represented,
providing a comprehensive view of the system's concurrent processes. Decision points and
conditions, such as validating user credentials, are depicted to convey the decision-making logic
within the application.

The activity diagram aids developers in understanding the sequence of actions and decision points,
facilitating the implementation of a well-structured and responsive internship and job portal. It serves
as a valuable tool for visualizing and communicating the dynamic aspects of the application's
functionality.

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,BHOPAL(M.P.)
Department of Computer Science & Engineering

Fig. 2.7 Activity Diagram

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,BHOPAL(M.P.)
Department of Computer Science & Engineering

2.8 Component Diagram

The component diagram for the internship and job portal project provides a high-level view of the
system's architecture, showcasing the key software components and their interactions. It is
instrumental in illustrating the modular structure of the application, emphasizing the organization of
classes, modules, and their dependencies.

Central to this diagram are major components like "User Interface," "Authentication Module," "Job
Management," and "Database." The "User Interface" component encapsulates the presentation layer,
including web pages or user interfaces for both employees and students. The "Authentication
Module" manages user login, registration, and authentication processes.

The "Job Management" component handles functionalities related to job and internship postings,
applications, and interactions between employers and applicants. Meanwhile, the "Database"
component represents the storage and retrieval of data, housing user information, job listings, and
application details.

Arrows between components depict dependencies and interactions, emphasizing the flow of
information between them. For example, the "User Interface" relies on the "Authentication Module"
for user access control, and both interact with the "Database" to retrieve or store relevant data.

The component diagram aids developers in designing a scalable, modular, and maintainable system
architecture. It fosters a clear understanding of component responsibilities, dependencies, and
interfaces, facilitating effective collaboration among development teams and ensuring the robust
implementation of the internship and job portal project.

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Department of Computer Science & Engineering

Fig 2.8 Component Diagram

2.9 Deployment Diagram

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Department of Computer Science & Engineering

Fig 2.8 Deployment Diagram

2.10 Flow Chart Diagram

The flow chart diagram for the internship and job portal project provides a visual representation of
the sequential flow of processes and decision points within the system. Starting with the initiation
point, it delineates the path a user takes from login or registration through various activities such as
job searching, application submission, and job posting.

The flow chart captures decision nodes, reflecting conditions like user authentication success or
failure. For instance, if a user provides valid login credentials, the flow proceeds to the dashboard;
otherwise, it prompts the user to re-enter correct information. Similarly, decision points guide the
flow for job seekers and employers based on their interactions with the portal.

Activities such as searching for job listings, applying for positions, and posting job opportunities are
represented as process nodes with interconnected arrows, indicating the logical sequence of actions.
Parallel flows may depict simultaneous activities, such as multiple users engaging in job searches
concurrently.

The flow chart serves as a blueprint for developers, offering a straightforward representation of the
application's logic and user interaction paths. It aids in identifying potential bottlenecks, optimizing
workflows, and ensuring a seamless and intuitive user experience within the internship and job portal
project.

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Department of Computer Science & Engineering

Fig. 2.10 Flow-Chart Diagram

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Department of Computer Science & Engineering

CHAPTER – 3

IMPLEMENTATION REQUIREMENTS

3.1 Front – End

Nextjs

 Implementing the CarreerNet frontend involves combining Next.js for React-

based server-side rendering, Redux for state management, Axios for handling API
requests, and Tailwind CSS for styling. Below is a detailed guide on implementing
CarreerNet's frontend using these technologies:

1. Setting Up Next.js:

- Install Next.js by running: npx create-next-app my-careernet-app

- Navigate into the project directory: cd my-careernet-app

2. Integrating Redux:

- Install required packages: npm install redux react-redux

- Create a store directory with index.js for configuring the Redux store.

- Define actions, reducers, and initial stateWorks on Different Computers: You can
use Python on different types of computers, like Windows, Mac, or Linux. It's like a
universal language that computers understand.

3. Adding Axios for API Requests:

- Install Axios: npm install axios

- Create an api directory to organize API-related functions.

4. Styling with Tailwind CSS

- Install Tailwind CSS: npm install tailwindcss postcss autoprefixer

- Create configuration files: npx tailwindcss init -p

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- Import Tailwind styles in your styles/globals.css.

5. *Creating Components and Pages:*

- Organize components and pages in the components and pages directories.
- Utilize React components for modularity.

6. *Integrating Redux in Components:*

- Connect components to the Redux store using react-redux library.
- Dispatch actions and access state as needed.

7. *Handling API Requests with Redux-Thunk:*

- Install redux-thunk: npm install redux-thunk
- Use Thunk middleware to dispatch asynchronous actions.

8. *Routing with Next.js:*

- Leverage Next.js routing for seamless navigation.
- Create pages with the pages directory, and utilize dynamic routing.

9. *User Authentication:*
- Implement user authentication using JSON Web Tokens (JWT).
- Secure routes by checking user authentication status before rendering.

10. Testing and Deployment:*

- Implement unit and integration tests using testing libraries like Jest and React Testing Library.
- Deploy the application using platforms like Vercel or Netlify.

3.2 Back – End

Nodejs

Implementing the backend for CarreerNet involves utilizing Node.js for server-side development,
MongoDB for the database, and additional tools like Express.js for building the API. Below is a
detailed guide on implementing the CarreerNet backend:

1. Setting Up Node.js and Express:

- Initialize a Node.js project: npm init -y
- Install Express.js: npm install express

2. Connecting to MongoDB:
- Install MongoDB driver for Node.js: npm install mongodb
- Create a MongoDB database (either locally or on a cloud service like MongoDB Atlas).
- Set up a connection to MongoDB using Mongoose:

3. *Creating Models:*
- Define Mongoose models for User, Job, Company, and other entities.
- Establish relationships between models as necessary.
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Department of Computer Science & Engineering

4. *Implementing Routes with Express:*

- Create route handlers for user registration, job posting, application submission, etc.
- Utilize Express Router for better organization.

5. *User Authentication with JWT:*

- Implement user authentication using JSON Web Tokens (JWT).
- Create middleware for securing routes.

6. *Handling HTTP Requests:*

- Use Express middleware to parse incoming JSON data.
- Implement CRUD operations for entities like Users, Jobs, and Companies.

7. *Testing with Jest:*

- Set up testing with Jest for unit and integration testing.
- Create test suites for route handlers and controllers.

8. *Error Handling:*
- Implement error handling middleware to catch and respond to errors gracefully.

9. *Security Measures:*
- Implement security best practices, including input validation and secure password storage.

10. *Logging:*
- Integrate logging mechanisms to track and monitor server activities.

11. *Deploying with Render:*

- Useing Render for deployment.

12. *Continuous Integration (CI) and Continuous Deployment (CD):*

- Set up CI/CD pipelines for automated testing and deployment using platforms like GitHub Actions or GitLab
CI.

Conclusion
By combining Node.js, Express.js, MongoDB, and additional tools for authentication and testing, the CarreerNet
backend can be developed with a robust and scalable architecture. This stack provides the necessary tools for
building a secure, performant, and maintainable API for the CarreerNet platform.

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Chapter4
Lay-out

4.1 Snapshots

1) FRONTEND

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Department of Computer Science & Engineering

2) BACKEND

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4.2 Test Cases

Testing is a critical phase in software development to ensure the reliability and functionality of the
application. For a project resembling Internshala, which involves internship and job applications,
employee and student registration, and login functionalities, robust test cases are essential.

Firstly, user authentication must be thoroughly tested. This involves verifying that the registration
process accurately stores user information, and the login functionality grants access only to valid
credentials. Test cases should cover scenarios like incorrect passwords, invalid email formats, and
successful registration.

Additionally, internship and job application features need comprehensive testing. This includes
confirming that users can successfully submit applications, and the system accurately stores and
displays application data. Test cases should assess the system's response to incomplete applications,
ensuring that users are prompted to provide necessary information.

User roles, such as employee and student, should be tested separately to guarantee that each role has
access to its designated functionalities. For instance, employees should have the ability to post
job/internship listings, while students can search and apply for them.

Usability tests are vital to ensure an intuitive user interface. This involves testing navigation, form
validations, and error messages to enhance the user experience.

Overall, comprehensive testing is crucial for an internship and job portal. This includes functional,
security, and usability testing to ensure a seamless and secure experience for both employees and
students using the platform.

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 SAGARI NSTITUTE OF RESEARCH TECHNOLOGY& SCIENCE
,BHOPAL(M.P.)
Department of Computer Science & Engineering

CHAPTER - 5

APPLICATIONS :-

5.1 Advantages:-

While Artificial Intelligence (AI) offers numerous advantages, there are also several disadvantages and
challenges associated with its implementation. Here are some key drawbacks of AI:

1. *Lack of Human Intuition:*

- *Limited Understanding:* AI lacks the intuitive understanding, emotional intelligence, and
common-sense reasoning that humans possess, making it challenging to comprehend context or make
decisions based on nuanced information.

2. *Data Bias and Discrimination:*

- *Biased Algorithms:* AI systems may inherit biases present in training data, leading to
discriminatory outcomes, particularly in areas like hiring, lending, or law enforcement.

3. *Job Displacement:*
- *Automation Impact:* Increased automation through AI may result in job displacement, particularly
for routine and repetitive tasks, potentially leading to unemployment and economic inequality.

4. *High Implementation Costs:*

- *Resource Intensive:* Developing and implementing AI systems can be expensive, requiring
substantial investments in technology, infrastructure, and skilled personnel.

5. *Security Concerns:*
- *Vulnerability to Attacks:* AI systems are susceptible to cyberattacks and manipulation, posing
risks to data security, privacy, and the integrity of AI-driven decision-making.

6. *Ethical Dilemmas:*
- *Decision-Making Transparency:* The lack of transparency in AI decision-making processes
raises ethical concerns, especially when the outcomes impact individuals' lives without clear
accountability.

7. *Dependence on Data:*
- *Quality and Availability:* AI systems heavily rely on the quality and availability of large
datasets. Inaccurate or biased data can lead to faulty predictions and decisions.

8. *Overreliance on Technology:*
- *Loss of Skills:* Overreliance on AI for certain tasks may lead to a decline in human skills, as
individuals become dependent on technology for problem-solving and decision-making.

9. *Resistance to Change:*
- *Human Acceptance:* Some individuals may resist the adoption of AI due to fear of job loss,
mistrust of technology, or concerns about the ethical implications of automated decision-making.
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 SAGARI NSTITUTE OF RESEARCH TECHNOLOGY& SCIENCE
,BHOPAL(M.P.)
Department of Computer Science & Engineering
10. *Complexity and Lack of Explainability:*
- *Black Box Problem:* Many AI algorithms, especially deep learning models, operate as "black
boxes," making it challenging to understand how they arrive at specific decisions, leading to issues of
trust and accountability.

11. *Legal and Regulatory Challenges:*

- *Unclear Standards:* The rapid evolution of AI technology poses challenges for legal and
regulatory frameworks, leading to uncertainties in areas such as liability, accountability, and ethical
standards.

12. *Environmental Impact:*

- *Resource Consumption:* Training complex AI models requires significant computational
resources, contributing to increased energy consumption and environmental concerns.

13. *Bias in Facial Recognition:*

- *Ethnic and Gender Bias:* Facial recognition systems have shown biases, with higher error rates
for individuals from certain ethnicities or genders, raising concerns about fairness and accuracy.

14. *Privacy Concerns:*

- *Data Collection and Surveillance:* AI systems that rely on extensive data collection for analysis
and decision-making raise privacy concerns, particularly when it comes to surveillance and personal
information.

15. *Unintended Consequences:*

- *Unpredictable Outcomes:* AI systems may exhibit unintended behaviors or consequences,
especially in complex and dynamic environments, posing challenges for developers and users alike.

Addressing these disadvantages requires careful consideration, ethical guidelines, and ongoing
research to mitigate potential risks and ensure responsible AI development and deployment.

5.2 Disadvantages:_-
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 SAGARI NSTITUTE OF RESEARCH TECHNOLOGY& SCIENCE
,BHOPAL(M.P.)
Department of Computer Science & Engineering
1. *Lack of Human Intuition:*

- *Limited Understanding:* AI lacks the intuitive understanding, emotional intelligence, and

common-sense reasoning that humans possess, making it challenging to comprehend context or
make decisions based on nuanced information.

2. *Data Bias and Discrimination:*

- *Biased Algorithms:* AI systems may inherit biases present in training data, leading
to discriminatory outcomes, particularly in areas like hiring, lending, or law enforcement.

3. *Job Displacement:*

- *Automation Impact:* Increased automation through AI may result in job displacement,

particularly for routine and repetitive tasks, potentially leading to unemployment and
economic inequality.

4. *High Implementation Costs:*

- *Resource Intensive:* Developing and implementing AI systems can be expensive,

requiring substantial investments in technology, infrastructure, and skilled personnel.

5. *Security Concerns:*

- *Vulnerability to Attacks:* AI systems are susceptible to cyberattacks and manipulation,

posing risks to data security, privacy, and the integrity of AI-driven decision-making.

6. *Ethical Dilemmas:*

- *Decision-Making Transparency:* The lack of transparency in AI decision-making processes

raises ethical concerns, especially when the outcomes impact individuals' lives without clear
accountability.

7. Dependence on Data:

- *Quality and Availability:* AI systems heavily rely on the quality and availability of
large datasets. Inaccurate or biased data can lead to faulty predictions and decisions.

8. Overreliance on Technology:

- *Loss of Skills:* Overreliance on AI for certain tasks may lead to a decline in human skills,
as individuals become dependent on technology for problem-solving and decision-making.

9. *Resistance to Change:*

- *Human Acceptance:* Some individuals may resist the adoption of AI due to fear of job
loss, mistrust of technology, or concerns about the ethical implications of automated decision-
making.

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 SAGARI NSTITUTE OF RESEARCH TECHNOLOGY& SCIENCE
,BHOPAL(M.P.)
Department of Computer Science & Engineering
10. *Complexity and Lack of Explainability:*

- *Black Box Problem:* Many AI algorithms, especially deep learning models, operate as "black
boxes," making it challenging to understand how they arrive at specific decisions, leading to issues
of trust and accountability.

11. *Legal and Regulatory Challenges:*

- *Unclear Standards:* The rapid evolution of AI technology poses challenges

for legal and regulatory frameworks, leading to uncertainties in areas such as
liability, accountability, and ethical standards.

12. *Environmental Impact:*

- *Resource Consumption:* Training complex AI models requires

significant computational resources, contributing to increased energy
consumption and environmental concerns.

13. *Bias in Facial Recognition:*

- *Ethnic and Gender Bias:* Facial recognition systems have shown biases, with
higher error rates for individuals from certain ethnicities or genders, raising
concerns about fairness and accuracy.

14. *Privacy Concerns:*

- *Data Collection and Surveillance:* AI systems that rely on extensive data

collection for analysis and decision-making raise privacy concerns, particularly when
it comes to surveillance and personal information.

15. *Unintended Consequences:*

- *Unpredictable Outcomes:* AI systems may exhibit unintended behaviors or

consequences, especially in complex and dynamic environments, posing challenges
for developers and users alike.

CHAPTER-6
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 SAGARI NSTITUTE OF RESEARCH TECHNOLOGY& SCIENCE
,BHOPAL(M.P.)
Department of Computer Science & Engineering

CONCLUSION & FUTURE WORK

6.1 Conclusion

In conclusion, the development of the internship and job portal project represents a significant
endeavor in creating a robust platform that facilitates seamless interactions between students and
employers. The culmination of extensive research, analysis, and implementation has resulted in a
comprehensive solution that addresses the dynamic needs of both job seekers and employers.

The literature survey played a pivotal role in shaping the project, providing valuable insights into
industry best practices, security considerations, and user experience design. It served as a foundation
for informed decision-making and innovation, ensuring that the project aligns with established
standards and incorporates cutting-edge solutions.

The class diagram, sequence diagram, collaborative diagram, activity diagram, and component
diagram collectively contribute to the project's clarity, scalability, and maintainability. These visual
representations encapsulate the project's structural, dynamic, and behavioral aspects, guiding
developers in crafting a well-organized and efficient system architecture.

The flow chart diagram offers a user-centric perspective, illustrating the logical flow of activities
within the portal. It aids in understanding the sequential progression of user interactions, highlighting
decision points and parallel processes to enhance the overall user experience.

Throughout the project, considerations for user authentication, security, and database management
have been paramount. By implementing role-based access control and adhering to secure coding
practices, the internship and job portal prioritizes user privacy and data integrity.

In essence, the internship and job portal project not only addresses the technical intricacies of job
application processes but also emphasizes user-centric design, security, and efficiency. As it moves
from development to deployment, the project is poised to make a significant impact, providing a
valuable platform for students and employers to connect and collaborate in the ever-evolving
landscape of internships and job opportunities.

6.2 Future Work

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 SAGARI NSTITUTE OF RESEARCH TECHNOLOGY& SCIENCE
,BHOPAL(M.P.)
Department of Computer Science & Engineering

The future work for the internship and job portal project involves several avenues for enhancement
and expansion to ensure its continual relevance and effectiveness in the dynamic job market. One
key focus area is the incorporation of advanced recommendation algorithms. By leveraging machine
learning and data analytics, the portal can provide personalized job suggestions to users based on
their skills, preferences, and historical interactions, thereby improving the overall user experience
and matching accuracy.

Furthermore, the integration of additional communication features, such as real-time messaging and
interview scheduling, could enhance the platform's functionality, fostering seamless interaction
between employers and applicants. This would contribute to a more efficient and streamlined
recruitment process.

Mobile optimization is another crucial aspect of future development. Adapting the portal for mobile
devices ensures accessibility for users on-the-go, expanding its reach and usability. Additionally, the
inclusion of social media integration can enhance user engagement, allowing individuals to share
their achievements and job postings on their respective profiles.

In terms of scalability, future work may involve implementing cloud-based solutions to accommodate
growing user bases and increased data storage demands. This would ensure the platform remains
responsive and reliable as its popularity expands.

Continuous security updates and adherence to the latest industry standards are imperative. The
evolving nature of cyber threats necessitates regular assessments and improvements to the portal's
security infrastructure to safeguard user data and maintain user trust.

Lastly, user feedback and analytics should be actively monitored to identify areas for improvement
and to gauge user satisfaction. Implementing a feedback loop allows for iterative updates, ensuring
that the internship and job portal stays adaptive to changing user needs and market trends. Overall,
these future endeavors will contribute to the project's sustained relevance, efficiency, and user
satisfaction.

REFERENCES

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 SAGARI NSTITUTE OF RESEARCH TECHNOLOGY& SCIENCE
,BHOPAL(M.P.)
Department of Computer Science & Engineering

1. https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/

2. https://tailwindui.com/documentation

3.https://www.youtube.com/

4. https://redux-toolkit.js.org/tutorials/quick-start

5. https://stackoverflow.com

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