Muscles/Area Origin Insertion
Ankle & Foot
Anterior
Anterior Tibialis Lateral Tibia Medial (inside) tarsals/metatarsals
Lateral Tibia Behind & below the foot - inferior
Peroneus Longus Fibula Head tarsals & metatarsals (lateral)
Behind the foot - metatarsals
Peroneus Bravis Distal lateral Fibula (lateral)
Extensor Hallicus
Longus Mid of Fibula Dorsal - great toe phalange
Extensor Digitorum Lateral Tibia
Longus Mid of Fibula Dorsal - 2-5 phalanges
Peroneus Teritius Lower-Lateral Fibula Dorsal-lateral metatarsal (end)
Posterior
Gastrocnemius Condyle of Femur Achilles - Calcaneus
Soleus Fibula, Tibia & Popliteal Line Achilles - Calcaneus
Lateral Tibia Inside & below the foot -
Posterior Tibialis Medial Fibula tarsals/metatarsals
Plantaris Above femur condyle Achilles - Calcaneus
Flexor Hallicus From inside to below the foot -
Longus Fibula (outer/distal) Great toe phalange
Flexor Digitorum From inside to below the foot -
Longus Mid Tibia Other toe phalange
Knee
Quadriceps
Rectus Femoris Illiac Spine Patella tendon & patella
Vastus Lateralis
Vastus itermedius Lateral, anterior & medial Patella & Tibial tuberosity -
Vastus Medialis femur patellar tendon
Hamstrings
Long Head: Ischial tuberosity
Short Head: mid/low lateral
femur (lower lateral linea
Bicep Femoris aspera) Lateral Tibia & Fibula
Semitendinosus Ischial Tuberosity Anterior-medial Tibia
Semimembranosus Ischial Tuberosity Posterior-medial Tibia
Popliteus Lateral femur Medial Tibia (inside)
Pubic (pubic arch, near
Gracilis (knee) symphysis Medial Tibia (inside)
Sartorius (knee &
Hip)
Twisted shape Iliac Spine (anterior, superior) Medial Tibia (inside)
Hip
Iliopsoas: Femur (inner side/lesser
Iliacus Iliac Crest & fossa trochanter of femur)
Psoas Major T12-L5 Femur (same as above)
Psoas Minor T12-L1 Pubis
Lateral Femur (Gluteal line of
Gluteus maximus Posterior - Iliac crest & sacrum femur/IT band)
Gluteus Medius Posterior - Iliac crest
Gluteus Minimus Lateral posterior - Iliac crest Greater trochanter of femur
Adductor Magnus Pubis & ischiam Medial femur
Adductor Brevis
Adductor Longus Pubis Medial femur (linea aspera)
Lesser trochanter & linea aspera of
Pectineus Pubis femur
Tensor Fasciae Latae Iliac Crest & Ilium Iliotibical band
Deep External (lateral) Rotators
Piriformis Sacrum
Superior Gemellus Ischiam
Obturator internus Ischiam & Pubic Greater trochanter & fossa of
Inferior Gemellus Ischiam femur
Obturator externus Ischiam & Pubic
Quadratus femoris Ischiam
Spine
Quadratus Posterior - 12th rib & Lumbar
Lumborum Posterior Iliac Crest vertebrae
Rectus Abdominis Pubis Crest 5 & 7th Rib
External Oblique Lateral-anterior lower 8 ribs Anterior fascia, Iliac & pubis crest
Lower 3-4 ribs
Iliac crest Linea Alba
Internal Obliques Lumbardorsal fascia Pubis
Iliac crest Anterior fascia
Transverse Lumbar fascia Pubis
abdominis Cartilage of last 6 ribs Xiphoid process (end) of sternum
Illiac crest, vertebrae, sacrum Ribs, transverse process of all ribs
Erector Spinae & ribs & skull
Sacrum, articular processes of
lumbar & C3-7, tansverse
Multifidi process of thorasic Spinous process (1-4 above origin)
Shoulder
Shoulder Girdle
Occipital bone Lateral clavicle
Spine of 7th cervical Acromion process
Trapezius Thorasic vertebrae Spine of scapula
Levator scapulae C1-4 transverse process Upper medial scapula
Rhomboid
Minor C7 & T1 (spines)
Major T2-T5 vertebrae Medial border of scapula
Anterior Scapula - Coracoid
Pectoralis Minor Anterior ribs (3-5) process
Anterior (inside) Scapula - medial
Serratus anterior Lateral, anterior ribs (1-9) border
Shoulder
Clavicle
Sternum
Pectoralis Major First 6 costal cartilage Humerus
Clavicle
Acromion
Deltoids Spine of scapula (lowed edge) Lateral-mid humerus
Lower 6 spines of thorasic
Lumbar vertebrae & sacrum
Scapula & lower 4 ribs
Latissmus Dorsi Ilium Crest Medial Humerus
Rotator Cuff:
Supraspinatus
Infraspinatus Medial border of scapula: Humerus:
Teres Minor Upper Greater tubercle
Subscapularis Mid & lower
Lateral border
Anterior(interior), mdial Lesser tubercle, anterior
border of scapula
superior to inferior angle of Humerus (inferior to greater
Teres Major scapula (lower tip) tubercles)
Hands
Elbow & Radioulnar
Bicep Brachi:
Short Head Corcoid process (scapulae)
Long Head Above glenoid cavity Radius
Brachialis Mid anterior humerus Ulna
Brachioradialis Lower lateral of humerus (2/3) Lateral Radius (almost near wrist)
Tricep Brachii: Glenoid cavity of scapula
Long Head Humerus (posterior) Olecranon Process (ulna)
Lateral Head 2
/3 of humerus (posterior)
Medial Head
Pronator Teres Epicondyle of medial humerus Lateral mid radius
Anterior Ulna (distal end - near
Pronator Quadratus wrist) Distal anterior radius
Lateral-posterior epicondyle of
Humerus (elbow) Anterior-lateral Radius (near
Supinator Ulna (medial-elbow) elbow)
Wrist
Flexor Carpi Radialis Medial epicondyle of humerus metacarpals (2-3)
Medial epicondyle of humerus
medial olecrananon process &
Flexor Carpi Ulnaris upper posterior Ulna 5 metacarpal
Extensor Carpi
Radialis longus Lateral epicondyle of humerus posterior 2 metacarpal
Extensor carpi Lateral epicondyle of humerus,
ulnaris posterior ulna 5th metacarpal
Palmar aponeurosis (palm side -
Palmaris Longus Medial epicondyle of humerus metacarpals)
Function
Dorsiflexion
Inversion/Supination/Arch
Planterflexion
Eversion/Pronation/Arch collapse
Planterflexion
Eversion/Pronation/Arch collapse
Toe Extension
Dorsiflexion
Inversion/Arch
Other toe extension
Dorsiflexion
Eversion/Collapse Arch
Dorsiflexion
Eversion/Collapse Arch
Knee flexion
Planterflexion
Planterflexion
Planterflexion
Inversion/Arch
Knee flexion
Planterflexion
Great Toe Flexion
Planterflexion
Inversion/Arch
Other toes flexion
Planterflexion
Inversion/Arch
Knee Extension
Hip Flexion
Knee Extension
Knee flexion
Hip Extention (only long head)
External Rotation (at knee and hip)
Abduction
Knee flexion
Hip Extention
Internal Rotation (at knee & hip)
Adduction
Knee flexion
Hip Extention
Internal Rotation (at knee & hip)
Adduction
Knee Flexion
Lower leg/knee internal rotation
Knee flexion
Adduct thigh at hip
Internal rotation at knee
Knee - Flexion & internal rotation (when flexed)
Hips - External rotation & Flexion
Abduction
Together: Hip Flexion & External rotation at hip
Psoad major (alone): Lateral flexion of trunk
Psoas minor: weak muscle but assist in trunk flexion.
Hip Extension
External rotation
Abduction (upper fibers)
Abduction
Anterior Fibers (of both) - Internal rotation
Posterior Fiber (of both) - External rotation
Adduction
Adduction
Flexion
Adduction
External rotation
Flexion, abduction
Internal rotation (anterior side)
External Hip Rotation
Lumbar extension (& stabilization)
Lateral flexion
Respiratory muscle
Flexion of trunk
Lateral Flexion of trunk
Contraletral rotation (muscle of opposite side works, when twisting)
Lateral flexion
forward Flexion on both sides
Flexion (both side)
Lateral Flexion
Ipsilateral rotation (same side muscle works when twisting)
Compression
Trunk extension
Lateral Flexion
Spinal stability during extensio, rotation & side bending
Elevation of scapula
Depression of scapula
Retraction of scapula
Upward rotation of scapula (frontal plane - upper & middle)
Neck extention
Elevation
Lateral flexion
Retraction
Elevation / upward rotation
Downward rotation of scapula
Abduction of scapula/protraction of shoulder
Anterior forward movement (scapula/shoulder)
Stabilization
Protract
Upward rotation (frontal plane - overhead movement by upper fibers)
Stabilization
Flexion, Internal rotation of arm
Adduction (vertical & horizontal) of arm
Extension (by sterncostal part, when arm is flexed)
All (& specifically Middle): Abduction
Anterior: Flexion, horizontal adduction, Internal rotation
Posterior: Horizontal abduction, External rotation
Extension of arm
Horizontal Abduction
Adduction
Internal Rotation
All: Stability of humeral head
Arm Abduction
External rotation of arm
External rotation
Internal rotation
Extension & Adduction
Internal rotation
Flexion at elbow
Supination of arm
Flexion at elbow
Flexion
Supination
All: Extension at elbow
Long head: Arm extension
Flexion at elbow
Pronation of arm
Pronation
Supination
Flexion at wrist
Flexion
Extension
Extension
Flexion
Fibula Poronous
Toe Hallicus
Other Toes Digitorum
Long Longus
Short Brevis
Tuberosity Rounded prominence for muscle attachment
2 Flash card - CH
1 Notes - CH
2 exams Sat (TA) /Sun (PTP)
4 PTP - Section wise questions
3 ACE Section quize