Sternocleidomastoid
O: manubrium of sternum and medial portion of clavicle
I: mastoid process of temporal bone and superior nuchal line of occipital bone
A: flexes and laterally rotates the head
Ilicostalis
O: iliac crest; inferior 6 ribs; ribs 3 to 6
I: angles of ribs; transverse processes of cervical vertebrae c6-c4
A: extend and laterally flex the vertebral column
Longissimus
O: transverse processes of lumbar through cervical vertebrae
I: transverse processes of thoracic or cervical vertebrae and to ribs superior to origin as indicated by name; capitis
inserts into mastoid process of temporal bone
A: extend and laterally flex vertebral column
Spinalis
O: spinous process of upper lumbar and lower thoracic vertebrae
I: spinous process of upper thoracic and cervical vertebrae
A: extends vertebral column
Semispinalis
O: transverse processes of c7-t12
I: occipital bone and spinous processes of cervical and thoracic vertebrae t1-t4
A: extends vertebral column and head and rotates them to opposite side
Quadratus lumborum
O: iliac crest and lumbar fascia
I : Transverse processes of lumbar vertebrae L1-L4 and lower margin of 12th rib
Pectinus
O: Pecten pubis and pectineal surface of the pubis
Insertion- pectineal line of femur
A: adducts the thigh and flexes the hip joint
Plantaris-
Origin Inferior aspect of lateral supracondylar line of distal femur
Insertion Middle 1/3 of the posterior calcaneal surface, just medial to Achilles tendon
Action Plantar flexor of ankle; also flexes knee
Innervation Tibial nerve (L5, S1, S2) (L5, S1, S2)
Latissimus Dorsi-
Origin Spinous processes of inferior 6 thoracic vertebrae, thoracolumbar fascia, iliac crest, and
inferior 3 or 4 ribs
Insertion Floor of intertubercular groove of humerus
Action Extends, adducts, and medially rotates humerus; raises body toward arms during climbing
Innervation Thoracodorsal nerve (C6, C7, and C8) (C6, C7, C8)
Muscle of the anterior and lateral abdominal wall
Rectus Abdominis-
O: pubic crest and symphysis
I: Xiphoid process and coastal cartilages of ribs 5-7
A: flex and rotate lumbar region of vertebral column
External oblique
O: by fleshy strips from outer surfaces of lower eight ribs
I: most fibers insert into linea alba via broad aponeurosis
A: flex vertebral column and compress abdominal wall a
Internal Oblique
O: lumbar fasica; iliac crest and inguinal ligament
I: linea alba, public crest
A: compresses abdominal contents
Muscles of the anterior thorax
Pectoralis minor
O: anterior surface of ribs 3-5
I: Coracoids process of scapula
A: depress, abduct and anteriorly tilt scapula
Serratus Anterior
O: ribs 1-8
I: entire anterior surface of vertebral border of scapula
A: abducts and depresses scapula
Subclavius
O: coastal cartilage of ri 1
I: groove on inferior surface of clavicle
A: helps stabilize and depress pectoral gridle
Subscapularis
O: subscapular fossa
I: lesser tubercle of humerus
A: Medially rotates arm
Gluteus maximus
O: doral ilium, sacrum and coccyx
I: gluteal tuberosity of femus, IT tract
A: abducts and rotate thigh laterally
Extensor Carpi ulnaris
O: Lateral epicondyle of humerus
I: base of 5th metacarpal
A: extend wrist and adduct wrist
Trapezius
O: occipital bone and spinous process of C7
I: acromion and spine of scapula, lateral 3rd of clavicle
A: stabilizes, raises, retracts and rotate scapula
Flexor Digitorum Longus
O: posterior surface of middle 3/5 of tibia
I: divides into 4 tendon that insert to the plantar surfaces of bases of distal phalanges and 2-5 toes
A: flexes phalanges at all interphalangeal and metatarsophalangeal articulations of 2-5 toes. Plantar flexes and
inverts foot at the ankle.
Extensor Hallucis Longus
O: anteromedial fibula shaft and interosseous membrane
I; distal phalanx of great toe
A: extends great toe; dor dorsiflexes foot
Pectoralis major
O: sternal end of clavicle, sternum, cartilage or ribs 1-6 and aponeurosis of external oblique muscle
I: fiber converage to insert by a short tendon into bicipetal groove and greater tubercle of humerus
A: Prime mover of arm flexion; rotate arm medially . adduct arm
Styloid
O: styloid bone process of temporal bone
I: Hyoid bone
A: elevates and retracts hyoid
Tibialis anterior
O: lateral condyle and upper 2/3 of tibial shaft; interosseous membrane
I: tendon into inferior surface of medial cuneiform and 1st metatarsal bone
A: dorsiflexion
Brachialis
O: front o distal humerus
I: coronoid process of ulna and capusole of elbow joint
A: forearm flexor
Soleus
O: upper 1/3 posterior shaft of fibula/ posterior surface of the head of fibula
I: Tuberosity of the calcaneous via achilles tendon
A: ankle plantar flexion
Transverse abs
O: inguinal ligament, lumbar fascia, cartilages of last six ribs
I: linea alba, pubic crest
A: compress abdominal contents
Rectus femoris
O:ASIS
I: Patellar tendon
A: extend leg at knee joint and flexes thigh at hip
Gastrocnemius
O: 2 heads from medial / lateral condyles of femur
I: posterior calcaneous
A: plantar flexes foot
Flexor Carpi Ulnaris
O:medial epicondyle of humerus, olecranon process
I: piriformis, hook of hamate and 5th metacarpal
A: flexor of wrist and adducts hand
Scalene
O: transverse processes of cervical vertebrae
I: anterolaterally on first 2 ribs
A: elevate first 2 ribs and flex in rotate neck
