Scatter Graphs & Correlation
Question Paper
Section 6. Statistics
Topic Scatter Graphs & Correlation
Difficulty Medium
Time Allowed 80
Score /62
Percentage /100
Question 1a
The scatter graph shows the maximum temperature and the number of hours of sunshine in fourteen British towns on one
day.
One of the points is an outlier.
Write down the coordinates of this point.
[1 mark]
Question 1b
For all the other points write down the type of correlation.
[1 mark]
Question 1c
On the same day, in another British town, the maximum temperature was 16.4°c.
Estimate the number of hours of sunshine in this town on this day.
[2 marks]
Question 1d
A weatherman says,
"Temperatures are higher on days when there is more sunshine."
Does the scatter graph support what the weatherman says?
Give a reason for your answer.
[1 mark]
Question 2a
The scatter diagram shows information about 12 girls.
It shows the age of each girl and the best time she takes to run 100 metres.
Write down the type of correlation.
[1 mark]
Question 2b
Kristina is 11 years old.
Her best time to run 100 metres is 12 seconds.
The point representing this information would be an outlier on the scatter diagram.
Explain why.
[1 mark]
Question 2c
Debbie is 15 years old.
Debbie says,
"The scatter diagram shows I should take less than 12 seconds to run 100 metres."
Comment on what Debbie says.
[1 mark]
Question 3a
Katie measured the length and the width of each of 10 pine cones from the same tree.
She used her results to draw this scatter graph.
Describe one improvement Katie can make to her scatter graph.
[1 mark]
Question 3b
The point representing the results for one of the pine cones is an outlier.
Explain how the results for this pine cone differ from the results for the other pine cones.
[1 mark]
Question 4a
A publisher checks documents for errors.
He records the number of documents that are checked each day.
He also records the total number of errors in the documents each day.
The scatter graph shows this information.
On another day 90 documents are checked.
There is a total of 17 errors.
Show this information on the scatter graph.
[1 mark]
Question 4b
Describe the correlation between the number of documents checked and the total number of errors.
[1 mark]
Question 4c
One day 110 documents are checked.
Estimate the total number of errors in these documents.
[2 marks]
Question 5
A and B are scatter graphs.
What type of correlation is shown by each graph?
Choose from
Weak positive
Strong positive
Weak negative
Strong negative
No correlation
Graph A................................
Graph B................................
[2 marks]
Question 6a
Lee wishes to find out if there is a relationship between a person’s age and the time it takes them to complete a puzzle.
Lee decides to conduct an experiment.
She asks 12 people to complete the puzzle.
She records each person’s age and the time taken to complete the puzzle.
This scatter diagram shows the results for ten of the people in Lee’s experiment.
Here are the other two results.
Age (years) 47 60
Time (seconds) 21 34
Plot these results on the scatter diagram.
[2 marks]
Question 6b
What type of correlation is shown in the scatter diagram?
[1 mark]
Question 6c
Estimate the time it would take a person aged 35 to complete the puzzle.
Show your working to justify your answer.
[2 marks]
Question 6d
Lee says that at least 80% of the 12 people completed the puzzle in under 30 seconds.
Is Lee correct?
Show working to support your answer.
[3 marks]
Question 7a
A travel agent records the duration and cost of the 15 flights he sold on one day.
The data for the first 13 flights are plotted on the scatter diagram.
The data for the final two flights is:
Duration 210 minutes 1 hour 40 minutes
Cost £130 £80
Plot these flights on the scatter diagram.
[2 marks]
Question 7b
The cost of one of the 15 flights had been discounted in a sale.
Circle the most likely flight on the scatter diagram.
[1 mark]
Question 7c
i) Draw a line of best fit on the scatter diagram.
[1]
ii) Use your line of best fit to estimate the duration of a flight costing £90.
............................................. minutes [1]
[2 marks]
Question 7d
Explain why the travel agent should not use his records to estimate the cost of a 7 hour flight.
[1 mark]
Question 8a
The table shows the ages and values of 11 cars of the same model.
Age (years) 4 7 11 1 9 10 4 3 7 8 12
Value (thousands of pounds) 9.2 6.0 1.2 11.4 2.3 4.2 3.4 8.0 5.6 5.0 0.4
The points for the first 7 cars are plotted on the scatter diagram.
Plot the points for the remaining 4 cars.
[2 marks]
Question 8b
Describe the type and strength of the correlation shown in the completed scatter diagram.
[2 marks]
Question 8c
One car lost its value more quickly than the other cars.
On the scatter diagram, draw a circle around the point representing this car.
[1 mark]
Question 8d
By drawing a line of best fit, estimate the value of a car that is 6 years old.
£ .......................................................
[2 marks]
Question 8e
Explain the limitations of using the equation of the line of best fit to estimate the value of a car that is 16 years old.
[1 mark]
Question 9
The owner of a tourist attraction records the amount of rainfall, in millimetres, and the number of visitors each day.
The results for 10 days are shown in the scatter diagram.
i) Circle the outlier on the scatter diagram.
[1]
ii) The owner claims that he would expect around 320 visitors on a day with 2 mm of rainfall.
Does the scatter diagram support his statement?
Explain how you made your decision.
[2]
iii) Explain why the scatter diagram should not be used to estimate the number of visitors on a day with 9 mm of rainfall.
[1]
[4 marks]
Question 10a
Aisha records the distance she runs and her average speed.
The results are shown in the scatter diagram.
The table shows the results of four more runs.
Distance (km) 4.2 5.7 7.1 8.8
Average speed (km/h) 13.4 11.8 9.8 8.3
On the scatter diagram, plot these points.
[2 marks]
Question 10b
What type of correlation is shown in the scatter diagram?
[1 mark]
Question 10c
On the scatter diagram, draw a line of best fit.
[1 mark]
Question 10d
Use your line of best fit to estimate her average speed when she runs a distance of 6 km.
........................................ km/h
[1 mark]
Question 11a
Mrs Salaman gives her class two mathematics tests.
The scatter diagram shows information about the marks each student scored.
Write down the highest mark scored on test 1.
[1 mark]
Question 11b
Write down the type of correlation shown in the scatter diagram.
[1 mark]
Question 11c
Draw a line of best fit on the scatter diagram.
[1 mark]
Question 11d
Hamish scored a mark of 40 on test 1.
He was absent for test 2.
Use your line of best fit to find an estimate for his mark on test 2.
[1 mark]
Question 12a
Ten athletes compete in both the 100 metre race and the triple jump.
Their results are shown in the scatter diagram.
One of these athletes jumps 15.12 m in the triple jump.
Write down his time for the 100 metre race.
.................................................. s
[1 mark]
Question 12b
The values for two other athletes are shown in the table.
Distance in the triple jump (m) 14.74 15.2
Time for 100 m (seconds) 13.2 12.76
On the scatter diagram, plot these points.
[1 mark]
Question 12c
On the scatter diagram, draw a line of best fit.
[1 mark]
Question 12d
What type of correlation is shown in the scatter diagram?
[1 mark]
Question 13a
The scatter diagram shows the value, in thousands of dollars, of eight houses in 1996 and the value of the same houses in
2016.
One of these eight houses had a value of $70 000 in 1996.
Write down the value of this house in 2016.
$ ................................................
[1 mark]
Question 13b
The values of two more houses are shown in the table.
Value in 1996
40 80
($ thousands)
Value in 2016
80 150
($ thousands)
On the scatter diagram, plot these values.
[1 mark]
Question 13c
On the scatter diagram, draw a line of best fit.
[1 mark]
Question 13d
Another house had a value of $50 000 in 1996.
Find an estimate of the value of this house in 2016.
$ ................................................
[1 mark]
Question 14
The scatter diagram shows the physics mark and the chemistry mark for each of 12 students.
i) What type of correlation is shown in the scatter diagram?
[1]
ii) On the scatter diagram, draw a line of best fit.
[1]
iii) Find an estimate of the chemistry mark for another student who has a physics mark of 4.
[1]
[3 marks]
