1

MUMBAI UNIVERSITY
SEMESTER-1
ENGINEERING MECHANICS SOLVED PAPER-MAY 2017

N.B:-(1)Question no.1 is compulsory.

(2)Attempt any 3 questions from remaining five questions.
(3)Assume suitable data if necessary,and mention the same clearly.
(4)Take g=9.81 m/s2,unless otherwise specified.

Q.1(a) In the rocket arm shown in the figure the moment of ‘F’ about ‘O’ balances
that P=250 N.Find F. (4 marks)
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Solution :
Given : P = 250 N
To find : Magnitude of force F
Solution :

𝟏
tan 𝛂 = 𝟐

= 0.5
𝛂 = 26.5651o
𝐷𝐸 𝐷𝐸 3
tan θ = 𝐴𝐷 = 𝐵𝐶 = 4 = 0.75

θ = 36.87o
∠CBD = ∠PBD = θ = 36.87o
∠CBP=2 θ = 2 x 36.87 = 73.74o
It is given that at O the moment of F about O balances the moment of P
Fcos α x OA = Psin2 θ x OB
Fcos26.5651 x 6 = 250sin 73.74 x 5
F=223.6068 N

Magnitude of force F= 223.6068 N

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Q.1(b) State Lami’s theorem.

State the necessary condition for application of Lami’s theorem. (4 marks)

Answer :
Lami's theorem states that if three forces acting at a point are in equilibrium, each force
is proportional to the sine of the angle between the other two forces.

According to Lami’s theorem, the particle shall be in equilibrium if :

𝑨 𝑩 𝑪
= =
𝒔𝒊𝒏 𝛂 𝐬𝐢𝐧 𝛃 𝐬𝐢𝐧 𝛄

The conditions of Lami’s theorem are:

(1)Exact 3 forces must be acting on the body.

(2)All the forces should be either converging or diverging from the body.
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Q.1(c)A homogeneous cylinder 3 m diameter and weighing 400 N is resting on two rough
inclined surface’s shown.If the angle of friction is 15o.Find couple C applied to the cylinder
that will start it rotating clockwise. (4 marks)

Solution :
Given : Angle of friction is 15o
µ = tan 15 = 0.2679
Radius = 1.5 m

To find : Couple C

Solution:
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F1=µN1=0.2679N1 ………………….(1)
F2=µN2=0.2679N2 …………..……….(2)
Assuming the body is in equilibrium
ΣFx=0
F1cos40+N1sin40+F2cos60-N2sin60=0
N1(0.2679cos40 + sin40)+N2(0.2679cos60-sin60)=0 …………(3)

ΣFy=0
-F1sin40+N1cos40+F2sin60+N2cos60-400=0
N1(-0.2679sin40+cos40)+N2(0.2679sin60+cos60)=400 ………..(4)

Solving (3) and (4)

N1=277.4197 N and N2=321.3785 N

Substituting N1 and N2 in (1 and 2)

F1=0.2679 x 277.4197 = 74.3344 N
F2=0.2679 x 321.3785 = 86.1131 N …….(5)
C is the couple required to rotate the cylinder clockwise
C=F1 x r + F2 x r
= 240.6712 Nm(clockwise) (r=1.5 m)(From 5)

The couple C required to rotate the cylinder clockwise is 240.6712 Nm(clockwise)

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Q.1(d) From (v-t) diagram find

(1) Distance travelled in 10 second.
(2) Total distance travelled in 50 second.
(3) Retardation (4 marks)

Solution:
We know that the area under v-t graph gives the distance travelled
DISTANCE TRAVELLED IN 0 TO 10 sec = A(△OAB)
1
= x OA x AB
2
1
= 2 x 10 x 10

= 50 m

DISTANCE TRAVELLED IN 0 TO 50 sec = A(Trapezium OBDE)

1
= x (OE+BD) x AB
2
1
= x (50+10) x 10
2

= 300 m
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CONSIDER THE MOTION FROM 20 sec TO 50 sec

We know that slope of v-t graph gives acceleration
E=(50,0) and D=(20,10)
0−10 −1
Slope of line DE= 50−20 = = -0.3333 m/s2
3

Distance travelled by object in 10 sec = 50 m

Distance travelled by object in 50 sec = 300 m
Acceleration = - 0.3333 m/s2

Q1(e) )Blocks P1 and P2 are connected by inextensible string.Find velocity of block

P1,if it falls by 0.6 m starting from rest.
The co-efficient of friction is 0.2.The pulley is frictionless. (4 marks)

Solution:
Given : P1 falls by 0.6 m starting from rest
µ = 0.2

To find : Velocity of block P1

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Solution :
Consider the motion of block P2
Weight of motion P2 = 8 N
𝟖
Mass of P2 = 𝒈

P2 has no vertical motion

ΣFy = 0
N2 – 8 = 0
N2 = 8 N
F2 = µN2
= 1.6 N
Consider the horizontal motion
ΣFx = m2a
T - F2 = m2a
8
T = 1.6 + 𝑔a ……………(1)

For block P1
Weight of P1 = 4 N
𝟒
Mass of P1 = 𝒈 ……….(2)

For downward motion

ΣFy = m1a
4-T = m1a
8 𝟒
4 - 1.6 - 𝑔a = 𝒈 a (From 1 and 2)

a = 1.962 m/s2
v2 = u2 + 2as
u = 0 and s = 1.6 m
Substituting the values in equation
v = 1.5344 m/s
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Velocity of block P1=1.5344 m/s (towards down)

Q2(a) Compute the resultant of three forces acting on the plate shown in the figure.
Locate it’s intersection with AB and BC. (6 marks)

Solution :
Given : Various forces acting on a body
To find : Resultant of the forces and intersection of resultant with AB and BC
Solution :
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In △ AFG ,
𝐴𝐺 𝐷𝐸 3
tanα = 𝐴𝐹 = 𝐵𝐻 = = 1.5
2

α = tan-1(1.5) = 56.31o

In △DAE,
𝐷𝐸 𝐷𝐸 3
tan θ = 𝐴𝐷 = 𝐵𝐶 =4 = 0.75

θ = tan-10.75 = 36.87o

In △DHC
𝐷𝐶 6
tanβ = 𝐻𝐶 = 2 = 3

β = tan-1(3)
β = 71.565o
Assume R be the resultant of the forces
ΣFx = -722cos α + 1000cos θ + 632cos β
= 599.3624 N
ΣFy = -722sin α - 1000sin θ + 632sin β
= -601.1725 N

R=√(ΣFx)2 + (Σ𝐹𝑦)2

R=√(599.3624)2 + (−601.1725)2
R=848.9073 N

ΣFy
ϕ = tan-1(ΣFx )
−601.1725
= tan-1( 599.3624 )

= 45.0863o (in fourth quadrant)

Let R cut AB and BC at points M and N respectively
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Draw AL ⊥ R
Taking moments about point A
MA = 632 sin β x AD -722cos α x AG
= 632 x sin71.565o x 4 – 722cos56.31o x 3
=1196.7908 Nm
Applying Varigon’s theorem
MA = R x AL
1196.7908 = 848.9073 x AL
AL=1.4098 m
In △AML,
𝐴𝐿
cos Ф = 𝐴𝑀
1.4098
cos 45.0863 = 𝐴𝑀

AM = 1.9967 m
MB = AB - AM
= 6 - 1.9967
= 4.0033 m
In △BMN
𝐵𝑀
tan Ф = 𝐵𝑁
4.0033
tan 45.0863 = 𝐵𝑁

BN = 3.9912 m
R=848.9073 N (45.0863o in fourth quadrant)

Resultant force intersects AB and BC at M and N such that AM=1.9967 m and

BN=3.9912 m
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Q.2(b) Two cylinders 1 and 2 are connected by a rigid bar of negligible weight hinged
to each cylinder and left to rest in equilibrium in the position shown under the
application of force P applied at the center of cylinder 2.
Determine the magnitude of force P.If the weights of the cylinders 1 and 2 are 100N
and 50 N respectively. (8 marks)

Solution :
Given : W1 = 100 N
W2 = 50 N
Cylinders are connected by a rigid bar

To find : Magnitude of force P

Solution :
Consider cylinder I
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Applying Lami’s theorem :

𝑹 𝑾 𝑵 𝟏
= = 𝐬𝐢𝐧(𝟗𝟎+𝟏𝟓)
𝐬𝐢𝐧(𝟗𝟎+𝟑𝟎) 𝐬𝐢𝐧(𝟔𝟎+𝟕𝟓)

100
R = sin 135 x sin 120

R = 122.4745 N

Cylinder 2 is under equilibrium

Applying conditions of equilibrium

ΣFy = 0
N2sin45 - Rsin15 - Psin45 – W = 0
N2sin45 - Psin45 = 122.4745 x 0.2588 + 50
N2sin45 - Psin45 = 81.6987 ………..(1)
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Applying conditions of equilibrium

ΣFx = 0
-N2cos45+Rcos15-Pcos45=0
N2cos45+Pcos 45=118.3013 ……(2)

Solving (1) and (2)

P=25.8819 N

Magnitude of force P required = 25.8819 N

Q.2(c) Just before they collide,two disk on a horizontal surface have velocities shown
In figure.
Knowing that 90 N disk A rebounds to the left with a velocity of 1.8 m/s.Determine
the rebound velocity of the 135 N disk B.Assume the impact is perfectly elastic.
(6 marks)
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Solution :
Given : WA = 90N
WB = 135 N
Taking velocity direction towards right as positive and towards left as negative
Initial velocity of disk A= 3.6 m/s
Final velocity of disk A=-1.8 m/s
Initial velocity of disk B= 3 m/s

To find : Rebound velocity of disk B

Solution :
90
mA = kg
𝑔

135
mB = kg
𝑔

Consider the X and Y components of uB

uBX = -uBcos35 = -2.4575 m/s
uBY = -uBsin35 = -1.7207 m/s

APPLYING LAW OF CONSERVATION OF MOMENTUM :

mAuA + mBuB = mAvA + mBvB
90 135 90 135
x 3.6 + x (-2.4575) = x (-1.8) + x vBX
𝑔 𝑔 𝑔 𝑔

vBX = 1.1425 m/s

As the impact takes place along X-axis,the velocities of two disks remains same along Y-
axis
vBY = uBY = -1.7207 m/s

v = √(𝑣𝐵𝑋 )2 + (𝑣𝐵𝑌 )2

v = √1.14252 + (−1.7207)2
v = 2.0655 m/s
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−1.7207
α = tan-1( 1.1425 )

α = 56.4169o

VELOCITY OF DISK B AFTER IMPACT = 2.0655 m/s (56.4169o in fourth

quadrant)

Q.3(a) Find the centroid of the shaded portion of the plate shown in the figure.
(8 marks)

Solution :
Y = X is the axis of symmetry
The centroid would lie on this line
Sr.no. PART AREA(in mm2) X co- Ax(mm3)
ordinate(mm)
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1. RECTANGLE =1000 X 1000 1000

= 500
2
=1000000 500000000
2. TRIANGLE (to 1 750
2
X 750 X 750 1000 –
3
be removed) -210937500
= -281250 = 750
3. QUARTER 𝜋𝑟 2 4 𝑋 750
3𝜋
CIRCLE (To be 4 -140625000
removed)
= 3141.5926
= 441786.4669
TOTAL
276963.4669 148437500
ΣAx 148437500
𝑋̅ = = 276963.5331 = 535.946 mm
ΣA

𝑦̅ = 𝑋̅ = 535.946 mm

CENTROID IS AT (535.946,535.946)mm

Q.3(b) Co-ordinate distance are in m units for the space frame in figure.
There are 3 members AB,AC and AD.There is a force W=10 kN acting at A in a
vertically upward direction.
Determine the tension in AB,AC and AD. (6 marks)

Solution :
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Given : A = (0,24,0)
B = (0,0,-7)
C = (8,0,8)
D = (-12,0,8)

To find : Tension in AB,AC and AD.

Solution :
Assume 𝑎̅,𝑏̅,𝑐̅,𝑑̅ be the position vectors of points A,B,C,D with respect to origin O.
̅̅̅̅ ̅ = 24j̅
𝑶𝑨 = 𝒂
𝑶𝑩 =̅̅̅
̅̅̅̅̅ ̅
𝒃 = -7𝒌
̅̅̅̅
𝑶𝑪 =̅= ̅
𝒄 8𝒊̅ + 8𝒌
̅̅̅̅̅
𝑶𝑫 = 𝒅̅ = -12𝒊̅ + 8𝒌
̅
−24j−7k
̅̅̅̅ =̅̅̅
𝐴𝐵 𝑏 – 𝑎̅ = -24j̅ - 7𝑘̅ Magnitude = 25 Unit vector = 25

8(i−3j+k)
𝐴𝐶 = 𝑐̅ – 𝑎̅ = 8(𝑖̅ -3j̅ +𝑘̅ )
̅̅̅̅ Magnitude= 8√11 Unit vector = 8√11

4(−3i−6j+2k)
̅̅̅̅̅= 𝑑̅ – 𝑎̅ = 4(-3𝑖̅ -6j̅ +2𝑘̅)
𝐴𝐷 Magnitude = 28 Unit vector = 28

Assume T1,T2 and T3 be the tensions along AB,AC and AD

−𝟐𝟒𝐣−𝟕𝐤
T1 = T1( )
𝟐𝟓

𝟖(𝐢−𝟑𝐣+𝐤)
T2 = T2( )
𝟖√𝟏𝟏

𝟒(−𝟑𝐢−𝟔𝐣+𝟐𝐤)
T3 = T3( )
𝟐𝟖

A force of 10kN is acting at point A in vertically upward direction

Applying conditions of equilibrium
10j̅ + T1 + T2 + T3 = 0
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−24j−7k 8(i−3j+k) 4(−3i−6j+2k)

-10j̅ = T1( ) + T2( ) + T3( )
25 8√11 28

−24j−7k 8(i−3j+k) 4(−3i−6j+2k)

0𝑖̅ -10j̅ +0𝑘̅= T1( )+ T2( )+ T3( )
25 8√11 28

Comparing both sides of equation

𝑇2 3𝑇3
- =0
√ 11 7

−24𝑇1 3𝑇2 6𝑇3

- - = -10
25 √11 7

−7𝑇1 𝑇2 2𝑇3
+ =0
25 √11 7

Solving the equations simultaneously

T1=5.5556 N
T2=3.0955 N
T3=2.1778

̅
TAB = -5.3333 j̅ - 1.5556𝒌
̅
TAC = 0.9333𝒊̅ - 2.8 j̅ + 0.9333𝒌
̅
TAD = -0.9333𝒊̅ -1.8667 j̅ + 0.6222𝒌
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Q.3(c) A 50 N collar slides without friction along a smooth and which is kept
inclined at 60o to the horizontal.
The spring attached to the collar and the support C.The spring is unstretched when
the roller is at A(AC is horizontal).
Determine the value of spring constant k given that the collar has a velocity of 2.5
m/s when it has moved 0.5 m along the rod as shown in the figure. (6 marks)

Solution :

Given : W=50 N
AB = AC = 0.5 m

To find : Spring constant

Solution :
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50
Mass of collar = kg
𝑔

Let us assume that h = 0 at position 2

POSITION 1 :
x=0
1
Es1 = 2 x k x x12 = 0

h1 = 0.5sin60 = 0.433 m
PE1=mgh1=21.65 J
vA = 0 m/s
KE1 = 0J
POSITION II :
vB = 2.5 m/s
PE2 = mgh = 0 J (because h=0)
1 1 50
KE2 = 2 𝑋 𝑚 𝑣 2 = 2 𝑋 𝑋 2.52
𝑔

= 15.9276 J
In △ABC
Applying cosine rule
BC2 = AB2 + AC2 -2 X AB X AC X cos(BAC)
= 0.52 + 0.52 – 2 x 0.5 x 0.5 x cos120
= 0.75
BC = 0.866 m
Un-stretched length of the spring = 0.5 m
Extension of spring(x) = 0.866 - 0.5
=0.366 m
1
Es2 = 2 x k x22

= 0.067k

APPLYING WORK ENERGY PRINCIPLE

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U1-2 = KE2 - KE1

PE1 - PE2 + ES1 - ES2 = KE2 - KE1
21.6506-0+0-0.067K=15.9276-0
K = 85.4343 N/m

SPRING CONSTANT IS 85.4343 N/m

Q.4(a) A boom AB is supported as shown in the figure by a cable runs from C over a
small smooth pulley at D.
Compute the tension T in cable and reaction at A.Neglect the weight of the boom and
size of the pulley. (8 marks)

Solution :
Given : Beam AB is supported by a cable
To find : Tension T in cable
Reaction at A

Solution :
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2
tan α = 1

α = 63.4349o
4
tan θ = 3

θ = 53.13o

Assume HA and VA be the horizontal and vertical reaction forces at A

∠GCA = ∠BAF = θ

∠TCG = α

∠TCA = α + θ

= 63.4349o + 53.16o
= 116.5651o
∠TCB = 180o - 116.5651o

= 63.4349o
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AC = AE+EC = 0.6 + 0.6 = 1.2

AB = AC + CB = 1.2 + 0.6 = 1.8
AF = ABcos θ = 1.8cos53.13 = 1.08
AH = AEcos θ = 0.6cos53.13 = 0.36

BEAM AB IS INDER EQUILIBRIUM

Applying conditions of equilibrium
Σ MA = 0

-445 X AF – 890 X AH + Tsin63.4349 X AC = 0

T X 0.8944 X 1.2 = 445 X 1.08 + 890 X 0.36
T = 746.2877 N

Σ FX = 0

HA - Tcos63.4349 = 0
HA=333.75 N

Σ FY = 0

VA + Tsin63.4349 – 890 – 445 = 0

VA = 667.5 N

RA = √𝑯𝟐𝑨 + 𝑽𝟐𝑨

RA = √(333.75)2 + (667.5)2
RA = 746.2877 N
𝑉𝐴
Ф = tan-1 ( )
𝐻𝐴

667.5
Ф = tan-1( )
333.75
 25

Ф =63.4395o

Tension in cable = 746.2877 N (63.43949o in second quadrant)

Reaction at A = 746.2877 N (63.4395o in first quadrant)

Q.4(b) The acceleration of the train starting from rest at any instant is given by the
𝟖
expression a= where v is the velocity of train in m/s.
𝒗𝟐 +𝟏

Find the velocity of the train when its displacement is 20 m and its displacement
when velocity is 64.8 kmph. (6 marks)

Solution :
8
Given : a=𝑣 2 +1

To find : Velocity when displacement is 20 m

Displacement when velocity is 64.8 kmph.

Solution :
𝒅𝒗
a = v𝒅𝒙
𝑑𝑣 8
v 𝑑𝑥 = 𝑣 2+1

v(v2+1)dv = 8dx
Integrating both sides
∫ v(v2+1)dv = ∫ 8dx
𝑣4 𝑣2
+ = 8x + c ……….(1)
4 2

Multiplying by 4 on both sides

V4 + 2v2 = 32x + 4c
Substituting v=0 and x=0 in (1)
c=0
From (1)
 26

V4 + 2v2 = 32x ………….(2)

Case 1 : x=20 m
V4 + 2v2 = 32 x 20 ………(From 2)
V4 + 2v2 – 640 = 0
Solving the equation
V2 = 24.3180
V=4.9361 m/s

Case 2 : V=64.8 kmph(or v = 18 m/s)

184 + 2 x 182 = 32x …………..(From 2)
1.5624 = 32x
x = 3300.75 m

When displacement of train is 20 m,then velocity is 4.9361 m/s

When velocity of the train is 64.8 kmph,then its displacement is 3300.75m
 27

Q.4(c) Angular velocity of connector BC is 4 r/s in clockwise direction.What is the

angular velocities of cranks AB and CD? (6 marks)

Solution:
Given : Angular velocity of BC is 4 rad/s
To find : Angular velocity of AB and CD

Solution:
ICR is shown in the figure

USING GEOMETRY :
In △IAD
 28

∠A = ∠D = 60o
∠I=60o

△ IAD is equilateral

IA = ID = AD = 3 cm
IB + AB = IA
IB = 2 cm
Similarly,we can solve that IC = 1 cm
v = rω
vB = IB x ωBC=8 m/s
vC = IC x ωBC = 4 m/s
𝑣𝐵 8
ωAB = = 1 = 8 rad/s(Anti-clockwise)
𝐴𝐵
𝑣𝑐 4
ωDC = = 2 = 2 rad/s(Anti-clockwise)
𝐷𝐶

Angular velocity of AB=8 rad/s(Anti-clockwise)

Angular velocity of CD=2 rad/s(Anti-clockwise)
 29

Q.5(a) In the truss shown in figure,compute the forces in each member. (8 marks)

Solution :
We can say that FD,GH and CB are zero force members in the given truss
Joint A :

Applying the conditions of equilibrium

ΣFy=0
-1 – FAC sin30 = 0
FAC = -2kN
Applying the conditions of equilibrium
ΣFx = 0
FAB + FAC cos30 = 0
 30

FAB = 1.7321 Kn

JOINT C :

Applying the conditions of equilibrium

ΣFx = 0
FCE = FCA = -2kN

JOINT B :

Applying the conditions of equilibrium

ΣFy = 0
-1 - FBE sin60 = 0
FBE = -1.1547 kN
Applying the conditions of equilibrium
ΣFx = 0
-FBA + FBEcos60 + FBD = 0
FBD = 2.3094 kN
 31

JOINT D :

Applying the conditions of equilibrium

ΣFy = 0
-1 - FDEsin60 = 0
FDE = -1.1547 kN
Applying the conditions of equilibrium
ΣFx = 0
-FDB - FDEcos60 + FDG = 0
FDG = 1.7321 kN

JOINT E :

Applying the conditions of equilibrium

ΣFy = 0
FED + FEFcos30 + FEBsin30 = 0
1
FEFcos30 = -(-1.1547)-(-1.1547) x
2

FEF = 2kN
 32

Applying the conditions of equilibrium

ΣFx = 0
-FEC + FEH + FEFsin30 - FEBcos30 = 0
FEH = FEC - FEFsin30 + FEBcos30
FEH = -4kN

Joint F :

Applying the conditions of equilibrium

ΣFx = 0
FFG = FFE = -2kN

Final answer :
Sr.no. MEMBER MAGNITUDE OF NATURE OF
FORCE (in kN) FORCE

1. AC 2 COMPRESSION

2. AB 1.7321 TENSION

3. CB 0 -

4. CE 2 COMPRESSION

5. BE 1.1547 COMPRESSION

6. BD 2.3094 TENSION

7. DE 1.1547 COMPRESSION
 33

8. DG 1.7321 TENSION

9. EF 2 TENSION

10. EH 4 COMPRESSION

11. FD 0 -

12 FG 2 COMPRESSION

13. GH 0 -

Q.5(b) Determine the speed at which the basket ball at A must be thrown at an angle
30o so that if makes it to the basket at B.
Also find at what speed it passes through the hoop. (6 marks)

Solution :
Given : θ=30o
To find : Speed at which basket ball must be thrown
Solution :
Assume that the basket ball be thrown with initial velocity u and it takes time t to reach B
 34

HORIZONTAL MOTION
Here the velocity is constant
8 = ucos30 x t
8 9.2376
t = 𝑢𝑐𝑜𝑠30 = ……..(1)
𝑢

vB = ucos30 (Since velocity is constant in horizontal motion) ………(2)

VERTICAL MOTION
Initial vertical velocity (uv) = usin30 =0.5u …….(3)
Vertical displacement(s) = 2.4 - 1.2 = 1.2
9.2376
t= 𝑢

Using kinematical equation :

1
s = ut + 2 x at2
𝑢 9.2376 1 9.2376 2
1.2 = 2 x - 2 x 9.81 x ( )
𝑢 𝑢

u2=122.4289
u=11.0648 m/s

uv=0.5u (From 3)
uv = 0.5 x 11.0648
= 5.5324 m/s
Using kinematical equation
vv2 = uv2 + 2as
vv2 = 5.53242 - 2 x 9.81 x 1.2
vv = 2.6622 m/s

vh = 11.0648cos30 = 9.5824 m/s (From 2)

vB = √𝑣𝑣2 + 𝑣ℎ2
vB = 9.9441 m/s
 35

2.6577
α = tan-1( )
9.5824

= 15.5015o

Speed at which the basket-ball at A must be thrown = 11.0648 m/s (30o in first
quadrant)
Speed at which the basket-ball passes through the hoop = 9.9441 m/s(15.5015o in
fourth quadrant)

Q.5(c) Figure shows a collar B which moves upwards with constant velocity of 1.5
m/s.At the instant when θ=50o.Determine :
(i)The angular velocity of rod pinned at B and freely resting at A against 25o sloping
ground.
(ii)The velocity of end A of the rod. (6 marks)
 36

Solution:

ICR is shown in the given figure

BY USING GEOMETRY:
In △ABC
∠ABC = 50

∠ACB = 90

∠BAC = 40

∠CAV = 25

∠BAV = 40 – 25 = 15

IA ⊥ VA
∠IAB = 90 – 15 = 75

∠IBA = 90 – 50 = 40

In △IBA
∠BIA = 180 – 75 = 65

In △IBA
AB=1.2 m
APPLYING SINE RULE
𝑨𝑩 𝑰𝑩 𝑰𝑨
= = 𝐬𝐢𝐧 𝑩
𝐬𝐢𝐧 𝑰 𝐬𝐢𝐧 𝑨
1.2 𝐼𝐵 𝐼𝐴
= = sin 40
sin 65 sin 75
 37

IB=1.2789 m
IA=0.8511 m
Assume ωAB be the angular velocity of AB
𝑣𝐵 𝑣 1.5
ωAB = = 𝐼𝐵𝐵 = 1.2789 = 1.1728 rad/s
𝑟

vA = r x AB = IA x ωAB = 0.8511 x 1.7288 = 0.99825 m/s

Angular velocity of rod AB= 1.1728 rads (Anti-clockwise)

Instantaneous velocity of A = 0.9982 m/s( 25o in first quadrant)

Q.6(a) A force of 140 kN passes through point C (-6,2,2) and goes to point B (6,6,8).
Calculate moment of force about origin. (4 marks)

Solution :
Given : C (-6,2,2)
B (6,6,8)

To find : Moment of force about origin

Solution :
Assume 𝑏̅ and ̅𝑐 be the position vectors of points B and C respectively w.r.t O (0,0,0)
𝑂𝐵 = 𝑏̅ = 6𝑖̅ + 6𝑗̅ + 8𝑘̅
̅̅̅̅

𝑂𝐶 = -6𝑖̅ + 2𝑗̅ + 2𝑘̅

̅̅̅̅

𝐶𝐵 = (6 𝑖̅ + 6𝑗̅ + 8𝑘̅) - ( -6 𝑖̅ + 2𝑗̅ +𝑘̅)

̅̅̅̅

=2 (6 𝑖̅ +2𝑗̅+3𝑘̅)
̅̅̅̅| = 2 x√62 + 22 + 32
|𝐶𝐵
= 14
𝐶𝐵 6𝑖+2𝑗+3𝑘
̅̅̅̅̅=
Unit vector along 𝐶𝐵 =
|𝐶𝐵| 7
 38

6𝑖+2𝑗+3𝑘
̅̅̅̅ = 𝐹̅ = 140 x
Force along 𝐶𝐵 7

= 120 𝑖̅ +40𝑗̅+60𝑘̅
Moment of 𝐹̅ about O = ̅̅̅̅̅
𝑂𝐵 x 𝐹̅
𝑖 𝑗 𝑘
6 6 8
120 40 60

= 40 𝑖̅ + 600𝑗̅ - 480k

̅ kNm
Moment of F about C is 40 𝒊̅ + 600𝒋̅ - 480𝒌

Q.6(b) Refer to figure.If the co-efficient of friction is 0.60 for all contact surfaces and θ
= 30o,what force P applied to the block B acting down and parallel to the incline will
start motion and what will be the tension in the cord parallel to inclined plane attached
to A.
Take WA=120 N and WB=200 N. (8 marks)

Solution :
Given : : µ=0.6
θ = 30o
WA = 120 N
 39

WB = 200 N

To find : Force P
Solution :
F1 = µN1 = 0.6N1 ………(1)
F2 = µN2 = 0.6N2 ……….(2)

Consider FBD of block A

The block is considered to be in equilibrium

Applying conditions of equilibrium
ΣFy = 0
N1 - 120cos30 = 0
N1 = 103.923 N ……….(3)
From (1)
F1 = 0.6 x 103.923
= 62.3538 N
Applying conditions of equilibrium
ΣFx = 0
F1 + 120sin30 – T = 0
T = 122.3538 N
 40

Consider FBD of block B

Applying conditions of equilibrium
ΣFy = 0
N2 - N1 - 200cos30 = 0
N2 = 277.1281 N
F2 = 0.6 x 277.1281
= 166.2769 N From (2)
Applying conditions of equilibrium
ΣFx = 0
P - F1 - F2 + 200sin30 = 0
P = 128.6307 N

Force required on block B to start the motion is 128.6307 N

Tension T in the cord parallel to inclined plane attached to A=122.3538 N

Q.6(c) Determine the required stiffness k so that the uniform 7 kg bar AC is in

equilibrium when θ=30o.
Due to the collar guide at B the spring remains vertical and is unstretched when θ
= 0o.Use principle of virtual work. (4 marks)
 41

Solution:
Given : : Mass of bar AC = 7 kg
θ = 30o

To find : Required stiffness k

Solution:
Weight of rod = 7g N
Assume rod AC have a small virtual angular displacement 𝛿θ in anti-clockwise direction
Reaction forces HA and VA do not do any virtual work
Un-stretched length of the spring = BD
Extension of the spring (x) = CD = 2sin θ
Assume FS be the spring force at end C of the rod
FS = Kx = 2Ksin θ
Assume A to be the origin and AD be the X-axis of the system
Active force Co-ordinate of the point of Virtual Displacement
action along the force
W=7g -sin θ 𝛿yM=-cos θ 𝛿 θ
FS=2Ksin θ -2sin θ 𝛿yC’=-2cos θ 𝛿 θ

APPLYING PRINCIPLE OF VIRTUAL WORK

𝛿U = 0
-W X 𝛿YM + FS X 𝛿YC’ + 50 X 𝛿 θ = 0
2Ksin θ x (-2cos θ 𝛿 θ) = 7g x (-cos θ 𝛿 θ) - 50 x 𝛿 θ
Substituting the value of θ and solving
K=63.2025 Nm

The required stiffness K for bar AC to remain in equilibrium is 63.2025 Nm

 42

Q.6(d) The system in figure is initially at rest.

Neglecting friction determine the force P required if the velocity of the collar is 5 m/s
after 2 sec and corresponding tension in the cable. (4 marks)

Solution :
For block B
u=0
t=2s
v = 5m/s
𝟓−𝟎
a= = 2.5 m/s2 …………..(1)
𝟐

Assume the string across the two pulleys be of length L

Assume xA and xB be the displacements of block A and collar B respectively
Assume k1,k2 and k3 be the lengths of the string which remain constant irrespective of the
position of block A and block B
 43

k1 + xB + k2 + xB + k3 + xA = L
xA = L - k1 - k2 - k3 - 2xB
Differentiating with respect to time
vA = -2vB
Differentiating with respect to time one again
aA = -2aB
Considering only magnitude
aA = 2aB
aA = 2 x 2.5
= 5 m/s2 ………..(2) (From 1)
Weight of block A(WA) = mAg
= 14.715 N
Assume T to be the tension in the string
Consider the vertical motion of block A
F.B.D of block A

ΣFy = mAaA
T – WA = mAaA
T - 14.715 = 1.5 x 5
T = 22.215 N …………..(3)
 44

Consider the horizontal motion of collar B

F.B.D of collar B

ΣFx = mBaB
P - 2T = mBaB
P - 2x22.215 = 3x2.5
P = 51.93 N

Force P required = 51.93 N

Tension in the cable = 22.215 N