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M2 - 6.1 Lecture Notes

This document provides an introduction to linear transformations including definitions, properties, and examples. It defines a linear transformation as a function between vector spaces that satisfies properties related to addition and scalar multiplication. It also discusses representing linear transformations with matrices.

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Raphael Skosana
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27 views6 pages

M2 - 6.1 Lecture Notes

This document provides an introduction to linear transformations including definitions, properties, and examples. It defines a linear transformation as a function between vector spaces that satisfies properties related to addition and scalar multiplication. It also discusses representing linear transformations with matrices.

Uploaded by

Raphael Skosana
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Math 2 – Chapter 6 lecture notes

Section 6.1 Introduction to Linear Transformations


In this chapter, we will learn about a special type of function called a linear transformation.
This type of function will map a vector space V into a vector space W. We denote this function
by:
T: V → W
We use the standard function terminology to describe this function. For example, V is the
domain of the function and W is called the codomain of T.
If T(v) = w, then w is called the image of v under T. The set of all images is called the range of
T, and the set of all v in V such that T(v) = w is called the pre-image of w.
Examples:

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Math 2 – Chapter 6 lecture notes

Linear Transformations
Definition of a Linear Transformation:
Let V and W be vector spaces. The function T: V → W is called a linear transformation of V
into W when the following two properties are true for all u and v in V and for any scalar c.
1. T(u + v) = T(u) + T(v)
2. T(cu) = cT(u)
This definition basically says that you get the same result regardless of whether you apply the
linear transformation before or after addition and scalar multiplication.
Examples: Determine whether the following functions are linear transformations.

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Math 2 – Chapter 6 lecture notes

Examples continued:

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Math 2 – Chapter 6 lecture notes

Theorem 6.1: Properties of Linear Transformations


Let T be a linear transformation from V into W, where u and v are in V. Then the following
properties are true.
1. T(0) = 0.
2. T(−v) = −T(v)
3. T(u – v) = T(u) – T(v)
4. 𝐼𝑓 𝒗 = 𝑐1 𝒗𝟏 + ⋯ + 𝑐𝑛 𝒗𝒏 , then 𝑇 (𝒗) = 𝑇(𝑐1 𝒗𝟏 + ⋯ + 𝑐𝑛 𝒗𝒏 ) = 𝑐1 𝑇(𝒗𝟏 ) + ⋯ + 𝑐𝑛 𝑇(𝒗𝒏 )

Examples:

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Math 2 – Chapter 6 lecture notes

The Linear Transformation given by a Matrix:


Let A be an m x n matrix. The function T defined by T(v) = Av is a linear transformation from
Rn to Rm .
Proof and Examples:

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Math 2 – Chapter 6 lecture notes

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