5/27/23, 2:16 PM Matplotlib (Prudhvi Vardhan Notes) - Jupyter Notebook

Matplotlib: Visualization with Python

Matplotlib is a comprehensive library for creating static, animated, and interactive

visualizations in Python. Matplotlib makes easy things easy and hard things possible.

In [1]: # import the library

​
import numpy as np
import pandas as pd
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import seaborn as sns
​
plt.style.use('default')

Types of Data
Numerical Data
Categorical Data

Certainly! Here's a shorter version of data:

Single column: Univariate Analysis (Analyzing a single variable)

Two columns: Bivariate Analysis (Analyzing the relationship between two variables)

Two or more columns: Multivariate Analysis (Analyzing multiple variables simultaneously)

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* 2D line Plot

A 2D line plot in matplotlib is a graphical representation of data points connected by straight

lines on a two-dimensional coordinate system. It is a basic type of plot used to visualize the
relationship between two continuous variables.

2D line PLot can be used on

Bivariate Analysis
categorical -> numerical and numerical -> numerical
Use case - Time series data

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In [2]: # plotting a simple function

​
price = [48000,54000,57000,49000,47000,45000]
year = [2015,2016,2017,2018,2019,2020]
​
plt.plot( year, price )
plt.grid()

In [3]: # from a pandas dataframe

​
batsman = pd.read_csv("sharma-kohli.csv")

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In [4]: batsman

Out[4]:
index RG Sharma V Kohli

0 2008 404 165

1 2009 362 246

2 2010 404 307

3 2011 372 557

4 2012 433 364

5 2013 538 639

6 2014 390 359

7 2015 482 505

8 2016 489 973

9 2017 333 308

In [5]: plt.plot(batsman['index'],batsman['V Kohli'])

Out[5]: [<matplotlib.lines.Line2D at 0x1ab0d70c790>]

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plotting multiple plots

In [6]: plt.plot(batsman['index'],batsman['V Kohli'])

​
plt.plot(batsman['index'],batsman['RG Sharma'])

Out[6]: [<matplotlib.lines.Line2D at 0x1ab0df11b80>]

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In [7]: # labels title

​
plt.plot(batsman['index'],batsman['V Kohli'])
plt.plot(batsman['index'],batsman['RG Sharma'])
​
plt.title('Rohit Sharma Vs Virat Kohli CARRER difference')
​
plt.xlabel('season')
​
plt.ylabel('Runs scored')

Out[7]: Text(0, 0.5, 'Runs scored')

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colors(hex)

In [8]: # colors(hex) # Hex codes

​
plt.plot(batsman['index'],batsman['V Kohli'],color='#ADAA19') # Yellow
plt.plot(batsman['index'],batsman['RG Sharma'],color='#FC00D6') # pink
​
plt.title('Rohit Sharma Vs Virat Kohli CARRER difference')
plt.xlabel('Season')
plt.ylabel('Runs Scored')

Out[8]: Text(0, 0.5, 'Runs Scored')

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Dashed Lines

In [9]: ​
plt.plot(batsman['index'],batsman['V Kohli'],color='#ADAA19',
linestyle = 'dashdot') # dashdot
​
plt.plot(batsman['index'],batsman['RG Sharma'],color='#FC00D6')
​
plt.title('Rohit Sharma Vs Virat Kohli CARRER difference')
plt.xlabel('Season')
plt.ylabel('Runs Scored')

Out[9]: Text(0, 0.5, 'Runs Scored')

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dotted lines

In [10]: ​
plt.plot(batsman['index'],batsman['V Kohli'],color='#ADAA19',
linestyle = 'dotted') # dotted
​

plt.plot(batsman['index'],batsman['RG Sharma'],color='#FC00D6',
linestyle ='dotted') # dotted
​
plt.title('Rohit Sharma Vs Virat Kohli CARRER difference')
plt.xlabel('Season')
plt.ylabel('Runs Scored')

Out[10]: Text(0, 0.5, 'Runs Scored')

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line width

In [12]: ​
plt.plot(batsman['index'],batsman['V Kohli'],color='#D9F10F'
,linestyle='solid',linewidth=3) # linewidth
​
plt.plot(batsman['index'],batsman['RG Sharma'],
color='#FC00D6',linestyle='dashdot',linewidth=2)
​
plt.title('Rohit Sharma Vs Virat Kohli CARRER difference')
plt.xlabel('Season')
plt.ylabel('Runs Scored')

Out[12]: Text(0, 0.5, 'Runs Scored')

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marker(size)

In [16]: plt.plot(batsman['index'],batsman['V Kohli'],color='#D9F10F'

,linestyle='solid',linewidth=3,
marker='>' , markersize =10) # Marker + marker size
​
plt.plot(batsman['index'],batsman['RG Sharma'],
color='#FC00D6',linestyle='dashdot',
linewidth=2 ,marker='D') # Marker ...> D- Diamond
​
plt.title('Rohit Sharma Vs Virat Kohli CARRER difference')
plt.xlabel('Season')
plt.ylabel('Runs Scored')

Out[16]: Text(0, 0.5, 'Runs Scored')

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Legend

In [17]: # legend -
​
plt.plot(batsman['index'],batsman['V Kohli'],
color='#D9F10F',linestyle='solid',
linewidth=3,marker='D',markersize=10,label='Virat')
​
plt.plot(batsman['index'],batsman['RG Sharma'],
color='#FC00D6',linestyle='dashdot',
linewidth=2,marker='o',label='Rohit')
​
plt.title('Rohit Sharma Vs Virat Kohli Career Comparison')
plt.xlabel('Season')
plt.ylabel('Runs Scored')
​
plt.legend() # loc = best

Out[17]: <matplotlib.legend.Legend at 0x1ab0ffa5ca0>

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In [18]: # legend -> location

​
plt.plot(batsman['index'],batsman['V Kohli'],
color='#D9F10F',linestyle='solid',
linewidth=3,marker='D',markersize=10,label='Virat')
​
plt.plot(batsman['index'],batsman['RG Sharma'],
color='#FC00D6',linestyle='dashdot',linewidth=2,
marker='o',label='Rohit')
​
plt.title('Rohit Sharma Vs Virat Kohli Career Comparison')
plt.xlabel('Season')
plt.ylabel('Runs Scored')
​
plt.legend(loc='upper right')

Out[18]: <matplotlib.legend.Legend at 0x1ab0ff27910>

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limiting axes

In [19]: # Because of Outliers

​
price = [48000,54000,57000,49000,47000,45000,4500000]
year = [2015,2016,2017,2018,2019,2020,2021]
​
plt.plot(year,price)
plt.ylim(0,75000)
plt.xlim(2017,2019)

Out[19]: (2017.0, 2019.0)

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grid

In [20]: plt.plot(batsman['index'],batsman['V Kohli'],

color='#D9F10F',linestyle='solid',
linewidth=3,marker='D',markersize=10)
​
plt.plot(batsman['index'],batsman['RG Sharma'],
color='#FC00D6',linestyle='dashdot',
linewidth=2,marker='o')
​
plt.title('Rohit Sharma Vs Virat Kohli Career Comparison')
plt.xlabel('Season')
plt.ylabel('Runs Scored')
​
plt.grid()

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show

In [21]:
plt.plot(batsman['index'],batsman['V Kohli'],color='#D9F10F',linestyle='solid'
plt.plot(batsman['index'],batsman['RG Sharma'],color='#FC00D6',linestyle='dash
​
plt.title('Rohit Sharma Vs Virat Kohli Career Comparison')
plt.xlabel('Season')
plt.ylabel('Runs Scored')
​
plt.grid()
​
plt.show()

Scatter plot

A scatter plot in matplotlib is a type of plot used to visualize the relationship between two
continuous variables. It displays individual data points as markers on a two-dimensional
coordinate system, with one variable represented on the x-axis and the other variable
represented on the y-axis.

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Bivariate Analysis
numerical vs numerical
Use case - Finding correlation

In [22]: # plt.scatter simple function

x = np.linspace(-10,10,50)
x

Out[22]: array([-10. , -9.59183673, -9.18367347, -8.7755102 ,

-8.36734694, -7.95918367, -7.55102041, -7.14285714,
-6.73469388, -6.32653061, -5.91836735, -5.51020408,
-5.10204082, -4.69387755, -4.28571429, -3.87755102,
-3.46938776, -3.06122449, -2.65306122, -2.24489796,
-1.83673469, -1.42857143, -1.02040816, -0.6122449 ,
-0.20408163, 0.20408163, 0.6122449 , 1.02040816,
1.42857143, 1.83673469, 2.24489796, 2.65306122,
3.06122449, 3.46938776, 3.87755102, 4.28571429,
4.69387755, 5.10204082, 5.51020408, 5.91836735,
6.32653061, 6.73469388, 7.14285714, 7.55102041,
7.95918367, 8.36734694, 8.7755102 , 9.18367347,
9.59183673, 10. ])

In [23]: y = 10*x + 3 + np.random.randint(0,300,50)

y

Out[23]: array([-74. , 64.08163265, 11.16326531, -68.75510204,

66.32653061, 151.40816327, -59.51020408, 198.57142857,
18.65306122, 170.73469388, 87.81632653, 45.89795918,
9.97959184, -12.93877551, 19.14285714, 135.2244898 ,
229.30612245, 144.3877551 , 130.46938776, 134.55102041,
260.63265306, 269.71428571, 291.79591837, 159.87755102,
162.95918367, 24.04081633, 242.12244898, 62.20408163,
101.28571429, 28.36734694, 168.44897959, 314.53061224,
225.6122449 , 215.69387755, 90.7755102 , 151.85714286,
53.93877551, 71.02040816, 330.10204082, 305.18367347,
136.26530612, 217.34693878, 165.42857143, 145.51020408,
127.59183673, 152.67346939, 214.75510204, 391.83673469,
138.91836735, 401. ])

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In [24]: plt.scatter(x,y)

Out[24]: <matplotlib.collections.PathCollection at 0x1ab1039dd60>

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In [26]: # plt.scatter on pandas data

​
df = pd.read_csv("batter.csv")
df = df.head(50)
df

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Out[26]:
batter runs avg strike_rate

0 V Kohli 6634 36.251366 125.977972

1 S Dhawan 6244 34.882682 122.840842

2 DA Warner 5883 41.429577 136.401577

3 RG Sharma 5881 30.314433 126.964594

4 SK Raina 5536 32.374269 132.535312

5 AB de Villiers 5181 39.853846 148.580442

6 CH Gayle 4997 39.658730 142.121729

7 MS Dhoni 4978 39.196850 130.931089

8 RV Uthappa 4954 27.522222 126.152279

9 KD Karthik 4377 26.852761 129.267572

10 G Gambhir 4217 31.007353 119.665153

11 AT Rayudu 4190 28.896552 124.148148

12 AM Rahane 4074 30.863636 117.575758

13 KL Rahul 3895 46.927711 132.799182

14 SR Watson 3880 30.793651 134.163209

15 MK Pandey 3657 29.731707 117.739858

16 SV Samson 3526 29.140496 132.407060

17 KA Pollard 3437 28.404959 140.457703

18 F du Plessis 3403 34.373737 127.167414

19 YK Pathan 3222 29.290909 138.046272

20 BB McCullum 2882 27.711538 126.848592

21 RR Pant 2851 34.768293 142.550000

22 PA Patel 2848 22.603175 116.625717

23 JC Buttler 2832 39.333333 144.859335

24 SS Iyer 2780 31.235955 121.132898

25 Q de Kock 2767 31.804598 130.951254

26 Yuvraj Singh 2754 24.810811 124.784776

27 V Sehwag 2728 27.555556 148.827059

28 SA Yadav 2644 29.707865 134.009123

29 M Vijay 2619 25.930693 118.614130

30 RA Jadeja 2502 26.617021 122.108346

31 SPD Smith 2495 34.652778 124.812406

32 SE Marsh 2489 39.507937 130.109775

33 DA Miller 2455 36.102941 133.569097

34 JH Kallis 2427 28.552941 105.936272

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batter runs avg strike_rate

35 WP Saha 2427 25.281250 124.397745

36 DR Smith 2385 28.392857 132.279534

37 MA Agarwal 2335 22.669903 129.506378

38 SR Tendulkar 2334 33.826087 114.187867

39 GJ Maxwell 2320 25.494505 147.676639

40 N Rana 2181 27.961538 130.053667

41 R Dravid 2174 28.233766 113.347237

42 KS Williamson 2105 36.293103 123.315759

43 AJ Finch 2092 24.904762 123.349057

44 AC Gilchrist 2069 27.223684 133.054662

45 AD Russell 2039 29.985294 168.234323

46 JP Duminy 2029 39.784314 120.773810

47 MEK Hussey 1977 38.764706 119.963592

48 HH Pandya 1972 29.878788 140.256046

49 Shubman Gill 1900 32.203390 122.186495

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In [27]: plt.scatter(df['avg'],df['strike_rate'],color='red',marker='+')
plt.title('Avg and SR analysis of Top 50 Batsman')
plt.xlabel('Average')
plt.ylabel('SR')

Out[27]: Text(0, 0.5, 'SR')

Size

In [31]: ​
sns.load_dataset('tips')
​
tips = sns.load_dataset('tips')

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In [34]: plt.scatter(tips['total_bill'], tips['tip'] , s = tips ['size']*20)

Out[34]: <matplotlib.collections.PathCollection at 0x1ab10783220>

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scatterplot using plt.plot

In [38]: ​
plt.plot(tips['total_bill'],tips['tip']) # Faster Technique
​

Out[38]: [<matplotlib.lines.Line2D at 0x1ab11c21100>]

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In [37]: plt.plot(tips['total_bill'],tips['tip'],'o')

Out[37]: [<matplotlib.lines.Line2D at 0x1ab10aee880>]

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Bar chart

Bivariate Analysis
Numerical vs Categorical
Use case - Aggregate analysis of groups

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In [39]: # simple bar chart

children = [10,20,40,10,30]
colors = ['red','blue','green','yellow','pink']
​
plt.bar(colors,children,color='pink')

Out[39]: <BarContainer object of 5 artists>

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horizontal bar chart

In [41]:
plt.barh(colors,children,color='gold')

Out[41]: <BarContainer object of 5 artists>

In [45]: #Color and label

​
df= pd.read_csv("batsman_season_record.csv")
​
df

Out[45]:
batsman 2015 2016 2017

0 AB de Villiers 513 687 216

1 DA Warner 562 848 641

2 MS Dhoni 372 284 290

3 RG Sharma 482 489 333

4 V Kohli 505 973 308

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In [55]: plt.bar(df['batsman'] , df['2015'] , color ='#DAF7A6')

Out[55]: <BarContainer object of 5 artists>

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Mutiple bar plots

In [69]: plt.bar(np.arange(df.shape[0] )- 0.2 , df['2015'] , width = 0.2 )

plt.bar(np.arange(df.shape[0] ) , df['2016'] , width = 0.2)
plt.bar(np.arange(df.shape[0] )+ 0.2 , df['2017'] , width = 0.2)
​

Out[69]: <BarContainer object of 5 artists>

In [68]: df.shape[0] # batsman

Out[68]: 5

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Colors

In [62]: plt.bar(np.arange(df.shape[0] )- 0.2 , df['2015'] , width = 0.2 ,color ='yello

plt.bar(np.arange(df.shape[0] ) , df['2016'] , width = 0.2,color ='red')
plt.bar(np.arange(df.shape[0] )+ 0.2 , df['2017'] , width = 0.2 , color ='blue
​
​
plt.xticks(np.arange(df.shape[0]), df['batsman'])
​
plt.show()

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Overlapping problem

In [72]: children = [10,20,40,10,30]

colors = ['red red red red red red',
'blue blue blue blue',
'green green green green green',
'yellow yellow yellow yellow ',
'pink pinkpinkpink']
​
plt.bar(colors,children,color='black')
​
​
plt.show()

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In [73]: ### Solution

​
children = [10,20,40,10,30]
colors = ['red red red red red red',
'blue blue blue blue',
'green green green green green',
'yellow yellow yellow yellow ',
'pink pinkpinkpink']
​
plt.bar(colors,children,color='black')
​
plt.xticks(rotation='vertical') # Use vertical
​
plt.show()

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Stacked bar chart

In [75]: plt.bar(df['batsman'],df['2017'],label='2017')
​
plt.bar(df['batsman'],df['2016'],bottom=df['2017'],label='2016')
​
plt.bar(df['batsman'],df['2015'],bottom=(df['2016'] + df['2017'])
,label='2015')
​
plt.legend()
plt.show()

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Histogram

Univariate Analysis
Numerical col
Use case - Frequency Count

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In [77]: # simple data

​
data = [32,45,56,10,15,27,61]
​
plt.hist(data)

Out[77]: (array([2., 0., 0., 1., 1., 0., 1., 0., 0., 2.]),
array([10. , 15.1, 20.2, 25.3, 30.4, 35.5, 40.6, 45.7, 50.8, 55.9, 61. ]),
<BarContainer object of 10 artists>)

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bins

In [78]: data = [32,45,56,10,15,27,61]

​
plt.hist(data, bins=[10,25,40,55,70])

Out[78]: (array([2., 2., 1., 2.]),

array([10, 25, 40, 55, 70]),
<BarContainer object of 4 artists>)

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In [80]: # on Data
​
df = pd.read_csv("vk.csv")
​
df

Out[80]:
match_id batsman_runs

0 12 62

1 17 28

2 20 64

3 27 0

4 30 10

... ... ...

136 624 75

137 626 113

138 632 54

139 633 0

140 636 54

141 rows × 2 columns

In [85]: plt.hist(df['batsman_runs'])
plt.show()

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Logarithmic scale

In [91]: arr = np.load("big-array.npy")

In [92]: plt.hist(arr) # problem

Out[92]: (array([ 12., 60., 109., 4039., 6003., 230., 410., 744., 291.,
51.]),
array([10. , 15.9, 21.8, 27.7, 33.6, 39.5, 45.4, 51.3, 57.2, 63.1, 69. ]),
<BarContainer object of 10 artists>)

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In [93]: # Solution
​
plt.hist(arr,bins=[10,20,30,40,50,60,70],log=True)
plt.show()

Pie Chart

Univariate/Bivariate Analysis
Categorical vs numerical

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In [94]: # simple data

​
data = [23,45,100,20,49]
subjects = ['eng','science','maths','sst','hindi']
plt.pie(data,labels=subjects)
​
plt.show()

In [95]: # On data
​
df =pd.read_csv("gayle-175.csv")
​
df

Out[95]:
batsman batsman_runs

0 AB de Villiers 31

1 CH Gayle 175

2 R Rampaul 0

3 SS Tiwary 2

4 TM Dilshan 33

5 V Kohli 11

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In [97]: plt.pie(df['batsman_runs'],labels=df['batsman'])
​
plt.show()

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Percentages

In [98]: #autopct = auto percentage

​
plt.pie(df['batsman_runs'],labels=df['batsman'],autopct='%0.1f%%')
plt.show()

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Colours

In [101]: plt.pie(df['batsman_runs'],labels=df['batsman'],
autopct='%0.1f%%',
colors=['blue','gold','green','orange','cyan','pink'])
​
​
plt.show()

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Explode shadow

In [107]: plt.pie(df['batsman_runs'],labels=df['batsman'],
autopct='%0.1f%%',
explode=[0.3,0,0,0,0,0.1],shadow=True)
​
​
plt.show()

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Changing Styles
In [108]: plt.style.available

Out[108]: ['Solarize_Light2',
'_classic_test_patch',
'bmh',
'classic',
'dark_background',
'fast',
'fivethirtyeight',
'ggplot',
'grayscale',
'seaborn',
'seaborn-bright',
'seaborn-colorblind',
'seaborn-dark',
'seaborn-dark-palette',
'seaborn-darkgrid',
'seaborn-deep',
'seaborn-muted',
'seaborn-notebook',
'seaborn-paper',
'seaborn-pastel',
'seaborn-poster',
'seaborn-talk',
'seaborn-ticks',
'seaborn-white',
'seaborn-whitegrid',
'tableau-colorblind10']

In [109]: # style
​
plt.style.use('Solarize_Light2')

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In [110]: # Example
​
plt.hist(arr,bins=[10,20,30,40,50,60,70],log=True)
plt.show()

In [111]: # Style 2
​
plt.style.use('_classic_test_patch')

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In [113]: plt.pie(df['batsman_runs'],labels=df['batsman'],
autopct='%0.1f%%',
explode=[0.3,0,0,0,0,0.1],shadow=True)
​
​
plt.show()

In [114]: # Style 3
​
plt.style.use('dark_background')

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In [115]: # Example
​
plt.plot(batsman['index'],batsman['V Kohli'],color='#D9F10F',linestyle='solid'
plt.plot(batsman['index'],batsman['RG Sharma'],color='#FC00D6',linestyle='dash
​
plt.title('Rohit Sharma Vs Virat Kohli Career Comparison')
plt.xlabel('Season')
plt.ylabel('Runs Scored')
​
plt.grid()
​
plt.show()

In [116]: # Style 4
​
plt.style.use('seaborn-darkgrid')

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In [117]: plt.scatter(tips['total_bill'], tips['tip'] , s = tips ['size']*20)

Out[117]: <matplotlib.collections.PathCollection at 0x1ab19271b80>

In [120]: plt.pie(df['batsman_runs'],labels=df['batsman'],
autopct='%0.1f%%',
explode=[0.3,0,0,0,0,0.1],shadow=True)
​
​
plt.show()

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In [121]: # Style 5
​
plt.style.use('ggplot')

In [122]: # simple bar chart

children = [10,20,40,10,30]
colors = ['red','blue','green','yellow','pink']
​
plt.bar(colors,children,color='pink')

Out[122]: <BarContainer object of 5 artists>

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Save Figure

In [124]: # Dont apply plt.show() , when using the save

​
plt.pie(df['batsman_runs'],labels=df['batsman'],
autopct='%0.1f%%',
explode=[0.3,0,0,0,0,0.1],shadow=True)
​
plt.savefig('sample.png') # For saving

In [ ]: ​

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In [1]: import numpy as np

import pandas as pd
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
​
plt.style.use('ggplot')

Colored Scatterplots
In [2]: iris = pd.read_csv("iris.csv")
iris.sample(5)

Out[2]:
Id SepalLengthCm SepalWidthCm PetalLengthCm PetalWidthCm Species

91 92 6.1 3.0 4.6 1.4 Iris-versicolor

108 109 6.7 2.5 5.8 1.8 Iris-virginica

93 94 5.0 2.3 3.3 1.0 Iris-versicolor

147 148 6.5 3.0 5.2 2.0 Iris-virginica

139 140 6.9 3.1 5.4 2.1 Iris-virginica

In [3]: # Replacing
​
iris['Species'] = iris['Species'].replace({'Iris-setosa':0 ,
'Iris-versicolor':1 ,
'Iris-virginica':2})
​
iris.sample(5)

Out[3]:
Id SepalLengthCm SepalWidthCm PetalLengthCm PetalWidthCm Species

11 12 4.8 3.4 1.6 0.2 0

119 120 6.0 2.2 5.0 1.5 2

112 113 6.8 3.0 5.5 2.1 2

135 136 7.7 3.0 6.1 2.3 2

88 89 5.6 3.0 4.1 1.3 1

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C - colors

In [4]: ​
plt.scatter( iris['SepalLengthCm'],iris['PetalLengthCm'],
c= iris['Species']) # c
​
plt.xlabel('Sepal length')
plt.ylabel('petal length')
​
plt.show()

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cmap

In [5]: # different themes - 'cmap'

​
plt.scatter( iris['SepalLengthCm'],iris['PetalLengthCm'],
c= iris['Species'] ,cmap ='summer') # cmap
​
plt.xlabel('Sepal length')
plt.ylabel('petal length')
​
plt.show()

In [6]: plt.scatter( iris['SepalLengthCm'],iris['PetalLengthCm'],

c= iris['Species'] ,cmap ='winter') # winter
​
plt.xlabel('Sepal length')
plt.ylabel('petal length')
​
plt.show()

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color bar

In [7]: plt.scatter( iris['SepalLengthCm'],iris['PetalLengthCm'],

c= iris['Species'] ,cmap ='viridis')
​
plt.xlabel('Sepal length')
plt.ylabel('petal length')
​
plt.colorbar() # colorbar shows variations levels

plt.show()

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alpha

In [8]: plt.scatter( iris['SepalLengthCm'],iris['PetalLengthCm'],

c= iris['Species'] ,cmap ='jet',
alpha =0.5) # reduces,increase color
​
plt.xlabel('Sepal length')
plt.ylabel('petal length')
​
plt.colorbar()
​
plt.show()

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Plot size
In [9]: plt.figure(figsize=(15,7)) # 15 -width , 7 -height
​
plt.scatter( iris['SepalLengthCm'],iris['PetalLengthCm'],
c= iris['Species'] ,cmap ='jet', alpha =0.5) # reduces color
​
plt.xlabel('Sepal length')
plt.ylabel('petal length')
​
plt.colorbar()
​
plt.show()

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Annotations
In [10]: # sample annotation - naming
​
x = [1,2,3,4]
y = [5,6,7,8]
​
plt.scatter(x,y)
plt.text(1,5,'Point 1',fontdict={'size':12,'color':'green'})
plt.text(2,6,'Point 2',fontdict={'size':12,'color':'red'})
plt.text(3,7,'Point 3',fontdict={'size':12,'color':'black'})
plt.text(4,8,'Point 4',fontdict={'size':12,'color':'brown'})

Out[10]: Text(4, 8, 'Point 4')

In [11]: batter =pd.read_csv("batter.csv")

batter.shape

Out[11]: (605, 4)

In [12]: # sample =25

​
sample_df =batter.head(100).sample(25,random_state=29)

In [13]: sample_df.shape

Out[13]: (25, 4)

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In [14]: sample_df

Out[14]:
batter runs avg strike_rate

73 TM Dilshan 1153 26.813953 110.124164

8 RV Uthappa 4954 27.522222 126.152279

10 G Gambhir 4217 31.007353 119.665153

7 MS Dhoni 4978 39.196850 130.931089

19 YK Pathan 3222 29.290909 138.046272

71 RD Gaikwad 1207 37.718750 127.724868

92 STR Binny 880 19.130435 125.714286

25 Q de Kock 2767 31.804598 130.951254

38 SR Tendulkar 2334 33.826087 114.187867

12 AM Rahane 4074 30.863636 117.575758

57 DJ Bravo 1560 22.608696 125.100241

52 RA Tripathi 1798 27.661538 137.042683

77 LMP Simmons 1079 39.962963 122.892938

5 AB de Villiers 5181 39.853846 148.580442

41 R Dravid 2174 28.233766 113.347237

98 GC Smith 739 28.423077 106.946454

70 DJ Hooda 1237 20.278689 127.525773

33 DA Miller 2455 36.102941 133.569097

84 Y Venugopal Rao 985 22.386364 113.872832

55 KC Sangakkara 1687 25.953846 118.469101

63 BJ Hodge 1400 33.333333 121.422376

90 MM Ali 910 23.333333 139.570552

94 SO Hetmyer 831 30.777778 144.020797

56 PP Shaw 1588 25.206349 143.580470

9 KD Karthik 4377 26.852761 129.267572

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In [41]: plt.scatter(sample_df['avg'],sample_df['strike_rate'], color='green')

Out[41]: <matplotlib.collections.PathCollection at 0x25b49b5d190>

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In [16]: sample_df

Out[16]:
batter runs avg strike_rate

73 TM Dilshan 1153 26.813953 110.124164

8 RV Uthappa 4954 27.522222 126.152279

10 G Gambhir 4217 31.007353 119.665153

7 MS Dhoni 4978 39.196850 130.931089

19 YK Pathan 3222 29.290909 138.046272

71 RD Gaikwad 1207 37.718750 127.724868

92 STR Binny 880 19.130435 125.714286

25 Q de Kock 2767 31.804598 130.951254

38 SR Tendulkar 2334 33.826087 114.187867

12 AM Rahane 4074 30.863636 117.575758

57 DJ Bravo 1560 22.608696 125.100241

52 RA Tripathi 1798 27.661538 137.042683

77 LMP Simmons 1079 39.962963 122.892938

5 AB de Villiers 5181 39.853846 148.580442

41 R Dravid 2174 28.233766 113.347237

98 GC Smith 739 28.423077 106.946454

70 DJ Hooda 1237 20.278689 127.525773

33 DA Miller 2455 36.102941 133.569097

84 Y Venugopal Rao 985 22.386364 113.872832

55 KC Sangakkara 1687 25.953846 118.469101

63 BJ Hodge 1400 33.333333 121.422376

90 MM Ali 910 23.333333 139.570552

94 SO Hetmyer 831 30.777778 144.020797

56 PP Shaw 1588 25.206349 143.580470

9 KD Karthik 4377 26.852761 129.267572

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In [17]: plt.figure(figsize=(18,10))
​
plt.scatter(sample_df['avg'],sample_df['strike_rate'] ,
s =sample_df['runs']) # s = size
​
for i in range(sample_df.shape[0]):
plt.text(sample_df['avg'].values[i],
sample_df['strike_rate'].values[i],
sample_df['batter'].values[i])

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Horizontal and Vertical Lines

In [147]: plt.figure(figsize=(18,10))
​
plt.axhline(130, color ='red', linewidth=5) # Horizontal line
​
plt.scatter(sample_df['avg'],sample_df['strike_rate'] ,
s =sample_df['runs'], color='gold')
​
for i in range(sample_df.shape[0]):
plt.text(sample_df['avg'].values[i],
sample_df['strike_rate'].values[i],
sample_df['batter'].values[i])

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In [148]: plt.figure(figsize=(18,10))
​
plt.axvline(30, color ='red',linewidth=5) # Vertical line
​
plt.scatter(sample_df['avg'],sample_df['strike_rate'] ,
s =sample_df['runs'], color ='cyan')
​
for i in range(sample_df.shape[0]):
plt.text(sample_df['avg'].values[i],
sample_df['strike_rate'].values[i],
sample_df['batter'].values[i])

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In [149]: plt.figure(figsize=(18,10))
​
plt.axhline(130, color ='red',linewidth=5) # Horizontal line
plt.axvline(30, color ='red',linewidth=5) # Vertical line
​
plt.scatter(sample_df['avg'],sample_df['strike_rate'] ,
s =sample_df['runs'], color ='yellow')
​
for i in range(sample_df.shape[0]):
plt.text(sample_df['avg'].values[i],
sample_df['strike_rate'].values[i],
sample_df['batter'].values[i])

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In [150]: plt.figure(figsize=(18,10))
​
plt.axhline(130, color ='red',linewidth=5) # Horizontal line
plt.axhline(140, color ='green',linewidth=5) # EXTRA Horizontal line
plt.axvline(30, color ='red',linewidth=5)
​
plt.scatter(sample_df['avg'],sample_df['strike_rate'] ,
s =sample_df['runs'],color='pink')
​
for i in range(sample_df.shape[0]):
plt.text(sample_df['avg'].values[i],
sample_df['strike_rate'].values[i],
sample_df['batter'].values[i])

Subplots
In [22]: batter.head()

Out[22]:
batter runs avg strike_rate

0 V Kohli 6634 36.251366 125.977972

1 S Dhawan 6244 34.882682 122.840842

2 DA Warner 5883 41.429577 136.401577

3 RG Sharma 5881 30.314433 126.964594

4 SK Raina 5536 32.374269 132.535312

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In [23]: # Normal way

​
plt.figure(figsize=(15,6))
plt.scatter(batter['avg'],batter['strike_rate'])
plt.title('Something')
plt.xlabel('Avg')
plt.ylabel('Strike Rate')
​
plt.show()

In [43]: fig, ax = plt.subplots(figsize=(15,6))

​
ax.scatter(batter['avg'],batter['strike_rate'] , color ='blue' , marker = '+')
ax.set_title('somethin')
ax.set_xlabel('Avg')
ax.set_ylabel('strike_rate')
​
fig.show()

C:\Users\user\AppData\Local\Temp/ipykernel_14332/2843873373.py:8: UserWarnin
g: Matplotlib is currently using module://matplotlib_inline.backend_inline, w
hich is a non-GUI backend, so cannot show the figure.
fig.show()

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In [25]: # we can plot 2 graphs

​
plt.subplots(nrows=2, ncols =1)

Out[25]: (<Figure size 432x288 with 2 Axes>,

array([<AxesSubplot:>, <AxesSubplot:>], dtype=object))

In [26]: # we can want plot 4 graphs

​
plt.subplots(nrows=2, ncols =2)

Out[26]: (<Figure size 432x288 with 4 Axes>,

array([[<AxesSubplot:>, <AxesSubplot:>],
[<AxesSubplot:>, <AxesSubplot:>]], dtype=object))

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In [27]: # we can want plot 16 graphs

​
plt.subplots(nrows=4, ncols =4)

Out[27]: (<Figure size 432x288 with 16 Axes>,

array([[<AxesSubplot:>, <AxesSubplot:>, <AxesSubplot:>, <AxesSubplot:>],
[<AxesSubplot:>, <AxesSubplot:>, <AxesSubplot:>, <AxesSubplot:>],
[<AxesSubplot:>, <AxesSubplot:>, <AxesSubplot:>, <AxesSubplot:>],
[<AxesSubplot:>, <AxesSubplot:>, <AxesSubplot:>, <AxesSubplot:>]],
dtype=object))

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In [37]: # on Data
​
fig, ax = plt.subplots(nrows=2,ncols=1,sharex=True,figsize=(10,6))
​
#sharex = Controls sharing of properties among x (*sharex*) or y (*sharey*)
​
​
# axis
ax[0].scatter(batter['avg'],batter['strike_rate'],color='red')
ax[1].scatter(batter['avg'],batter['runs'],color ='green')
​
ax[0].set_title('Avg Vs Strike Rate')
ax[0].set_ylabel('Strike Rate')
​
​
ax[1].set_title('Avg Vs Runs')
ax[1].set_ylabel('Runs')
ax[1].set_xlabel('Avg')

Out[37]: Text(0.5, 0, 'Avg')

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In [29]: fig, ax = plt.subplots(nrows=2,ncols=2,figsize=(10,10))

​
# its 2D array we have to metion (0,0)(0,1)(1,0)(1,1)
​
ax[0,0].scatter(batter['avg'],batter['strike_rate']
,color='red') # gives first set of axis
​
ax[0,1].scatter(batter['avg'],
batter['runs']
,color='gold') # gives second set of axis
​
ax[1,0].hist(batter['avg'],color='cyan') # gives third set of axis
​
ax[1,1].hist(batter['runs'],color='pink') # gives fourth set of axis
​
fig.show()

C:\Users\user\AppData\Local\Temp/ipykernel_14332/3464065883.py:16: UserWarnin
g: Matplotlib is currently using module://matplotlib_inline.backend_inline, w
hich is a non-GUI backend, so cannot show the figure.
fig.show()

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In [36]: # Manual way of adding subplots

​
fig = plt.figure(figsize=(10,10))
​
ax1 = fig.add_subplot(2,2,1) #2 rows , 2 column , 1 graph
ax1.scatter(batter['avg'],batter['strike_rate'],color='red')
​
ax2 = fig.add_subplot(2,2,2) #2 rows , 2 column , 2 graph
ax2.hist(batter['runs'],color='gold')
​
ax3 = fig.add_subplot(2,2,3) #2 rows , 2 column , 3 graph
ax3.hist(batter['avg'],color ='green')
​
fig.show()

C:\Users\user\AppData\Local\Temp/ipykernel_14332/2368418411.py:14: UserWarnin
g: Matplotlib is currently using module://matplotlib_inline.backend_inline, w
hich is a non-GUI backend, so cannot show the figure.
fig.show()

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3D scatter plots
In [62]: batter
​
fig = plt.figure(figsize=(10,7))
​
ax = plt.subplot(projection ='3d')
​
ax.scatter3D(batter['runs'],batter['avg'],batter['strike_rate'],
color='red' , marker = '*')
​
ax.set_title('IPL batsman analysis')
​
ax.set_xlabel('Runs')
ax.set_ylabel('Avg')
ax.set_zlabel('SR')

Out[62]: Text(0.5, 0, 'SR')

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3D Line plot
In [61]: x = [0,1,5,25]
y = [0,10,13,0]
z = [0,13,20,9]
​
fig = plt.figure(figsize=(10,7))
​
ax = plt.subplot(projection='3d')
​
ax.scatter3D(x,y,z,s=[100,100,100,100])
​
ax.plot3D(x,y,z,color='blue')

Out[61]: [<mpl_toolkits.mplot3d.art3d.Line3D at 0x25b48431250>]

3D surface Plot
In [63]: # Loss function x2 + y2
​
# Helpful in Machine learning
​
x = np.linspace(-10,10,100)
y = np.linspace(-10,10,100)

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In [64]: x

Out[64]: array([-10. , -9.7979798 , -9.5959596 , -9.39393939,

-9.19191919, -8.98989899, -8.78787879, -8.58585859,
-8.38383838, -8.18181818, -7.97979798, -7.77777778,
-7.57575758, -7.37373737, -7.17171717, -6.96969697,
-6.76767677, -6.56565657, -6.36363636, -6.16161616,
-5.95959596, -5.75757576, -5.55555556, -5.35353535,
-5.15151515, -4.94949495, -4.74747475, -4.54545455,
-4.34343434, -4.14141414, -3.93939394, -3.73737374,
-3.53535354, -3.33333333, -3.13131313, -2.92929293,
-2.72727273, -2.52525253, -2.32323232, -2.12121212,
-1.91919192, -1.71717172, -1.51515152, -1.31313131,
-1.11111111, -0.90909091, -0.70707071, -0.50505051,
-0.3030303 , -0.1010101 , 0.1010101 , 0.3030303 ,
0.50505051, 0.70707071, 0.90909091, 1.11111111,
1.31313131, 1.51515152, 1.71717172, 1.91919192,
2.12121212, 2.32323232, 2.52525253, 2.72727273,
2.92929293, 3.13131313, 3.33333333, 3.53535354,
3.73737374, 3.93939394, 4.14141414, 4.34343434,
4.54545455, 4.74747475, 4.94949495, 5.15151515,
5.35353535, 5.55555556, 5.75757576, 5.95959596,
6.16161616, 6.36363636, 6.56565657, 6.76767677,
6.96969697, 7.17171717, 7.37373737, 7.57575758,
7.77777778, 7.97979798, 8.18181818, 8.38383838,
8.58585859, 8.78787879, 8.98989899, 9.19191919,
9.39393939, 9.5959596 , 9.7979798 , 10. ])

In [65]: y

Out[65]: array([-10. , -9.7979798 , -9.5959596 , -9.39393939,

-9.19191919, -8.98989899, -8.78787879, -8.58585859,
-8.38383838, -8.18181818, -7.97979798, -7.77777778,
-7.57575758, -7.37373737, -7.17171717, -6.96969697,
-6.76767677, -6.56565657, -6.36363636, -6.16161616,
-5.95959596, -5.75757576, -5.55555556, -5.35353535,
-5.15151515, -4.94949495, -4.74747475, -4.54545455,
-4.34343434, -4.14141414, -3.93939394, -3.73737374,
-3.53535354, -3.33333333, -3.13131313, -2.92929293,
-2.72727273, -2.52525253, -2.32323232, -2.12121212,
-1.91919192, -1.71717172, -1.51515152, -1.31313131,
-1.11111111, -0.90909091, -0.70707071, -0.50505051,
-0.3030303 , -0.1010101 , 0.1010101 , 0.3030303 ,
0.50505051, 0.70707071, 0.90909091, 1.11111111,
1.31313131, 1.51515152, 1.71717172, 1.91919192,
2.12121212, 2.32323232, 2.52525253, 2.72727273,
2.92929293, 3.13131313, 3.33333333, 3.53535354,
3.73737374, 3.93939394, 4.14141414, 4.34343434,
4.54545455, 4.74747475, 4.94949495, 5.15151515,
5.35353535, 5.55555556, 5.75757576, 5.95959596,
6.16161616, 6.36363636, 6.56565657, 6.76767677,
6.96969697, 7.17171717, 7.37373737, 7.57575758,
7.77777778, 7.97979798, 8.18181818, 8.38383838,
8.58585859, 8.78787879, 8.98989899, 9.19191919,
9.39393939, 9.5959596 , 9.7979798 , 10. ])

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In [66]: np.meshgrid(x,y)

Out[66]: [array([[-10. , -9.7979798, -9.5959596, ..., 9.5959596,

9.7979798, 10. ],
[-10. , -9.7979798, -9.5959596, ..., 9.5959596,
9.7979798, 10. ],
[-10. , -9.7979798, -9.5959596, ..., 9.5959596,
9.7979798, 10. ],
...,
[-10. , -9.7979798, -9.5959596, ..., 9.5959596,
9.7979798, 10. ],
[-10. , -9.7979798, -9.5959596, ..., 9.5959596,
9.7979798, 10. ],
[-10. , -9.7979798, -9.5959596, ..., 9.5959596,
9.7979798, 10. ]]),
array([[-10. , -10. , -10. , ..., -10. ,
-10. , -10. ],
[ -9.7979798, -9.7979798, -9.7979798, ..., -9.7979798,
-9.7979798, -9.7979798],
[ -9.5959596, -9.5959596, -9.5959596, ..., -9.5959596,
-9.5959596, -9.5959596],
...,
[ 9.5959596, 9.5959596, 9.5959596, ..., 9.5959596,
9.5959596, 9.5959596],
[ 9.7979798, 9.7979798, 9.7979798, ..., 9.7979798,
9.7979798, 9.7979798],
[ 10. , 10. , 10. , ..., 10. ,
10. , 10. ]])]

In [67]: # Mesh grid

​
xx,yy = np.meshgrid(x,y)

In [68]: xx.shape

Out[68]: (100, 100)

In [69]: yy.shape

Out[69]: (100, 100)

In [83]: z = xx**2 + yy**2

In [71]: z.shape

Out[71]: (100, 100)

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In [76]: # 3D Surface Plot

​
fig =plt.figure(figsize =(12,8))
​
ax = plt.subplot(projection = '3d')
​
ax.plot_surface(xx,yy,z, color ='blue')

Out[76]: <mpl_toolkits.mplot3d.art3d.Poly3DCollection at 0x25b4c7d0c40>

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In [74]: # Adding theme

​
fig = plt.figure(figsize=(12,8))
​
ax = plt.subplot(projection='3d')
​
p = ax.plot_surface(xx,yy,z,cmap='viridis')
fig.colorbar(p)

Out[74]: <matplotlib.colorbar.Colorbar at 0x25b48466d90>

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In [79]: z = np.sin(xx) + np.cos(yy)

​
fig = plt.figure(figsize=(12,8))
​
ax = plt.subplot(projection='3d')
​
p = ax.plot_surface(xx,yy,z,cmap='winter')
​
fig.colorbar(p)

Out[79]: <matplotlib.colorbar.Colorbar at 0x25b4e03a220>

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In [82]: z = np.sin(xx) + np.sin(yy)

​
fig = plt.figure(figsize=(12,8))
​
ax = plt.subplot(projection='3d')
​
p = ax.plot_surface(xx,yy,z,cmap='viridis')
fig.colorbar(p)

Out[82]: <matplotlib.colorbar.Colorbar at 0x25b4e877a30>

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Contour Plots
In [84]: # Representing 3D to 2d
​
#3D graph
fig = plt.figure(figsize=(12,8))
​
ax = plt.subplot(projection='3d')
​
p = ax.plot_surface(xx,yy,z,cmap='viridis')
fig.colorbar(p)

Out[84]: <matplotlib.colorbar.Colorbar at 0x25b4ebe94f0>

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In [86]: # Contour Plot

​
fig = plt.figure(figsize=(12,8))
​
ax = plt.subplot()
​
p = ax.contour(xx,yy,z,cmap='viridis')
fig.colorbar(p)

Out[86]: <matplotlib.colorbar.Colorbar at 0x25b4fe9bc40>

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Contourf Plot

In [87]: fig = plt.figure(figsize=(12,8))

​
ax = plt.subplot()
​
p = ax.contourf(xx,yy,z,cmap='viridis')
fig.colorbar(p)
​
# Here blue colour is bend/shallow and yellow is up/top in 3D

Out[87]: <matplotlib.colorbar.Colorbar at 0x25b502ccb80>

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In [88]: z = np.sin(xx) + np.sin(yy)

​
fig = plt.figure(figsize=(12,8))
​
ax = plt.subplot()
​
p = ax.contourf(xx,yy,z,cmap='viridis')
fig.colorbar(p)

Out[88]: <matplotlib.colorbar.Colorbar at 0x25b506709a0>

Heat map

In [90]: delivery = pd.read_csv("IPL_Ball_by_Ball_2008_2022.csv")

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In [91]: delivery.head()

Out[91]:
non-
ID innings overs ballnumber batter bowler extra_type batsman_run e
striker

YBK Mohammed JC
0 1312200 1 0 1 NaN 0
Jaiswal Shami Buttler

YBK Mohammed JC
1 1312200 1 0 2 legbyes 0
Jaiswal Shami Buttler

JC Mohammed YBK
2 1312200 1 0 3 NaN 1
Buttler Shami Jaiswal

YBK Mohammed JC
3 1312200 1 0 4 NaN 0
Jaiswal Shami Buttler

YBK Mohammed JC
4 1312200 1 0 5 NaN 0
Jaiswal Shami Buttler

In [92]: temp_df = delivery[(delivery['ballnumber'].isin([1,2,3,4,5,6]))

& (delivery['batsman_run']==6)]

In [94]: temp_df.sample()

Out[94]:
non-
ID innings overs ballnumber batter bowler extra_type batsman_run ex
striker

MS A RA
134037 598062 1 15 3 NaN 6
Dhoni Nehra Jadeja

In [95]: grid = temp_df.pivot_table(index='overs',columns='ballnumber',

values='batsman_run',aggfunc='count')

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In [96]: grid

Out[96]:
ballnumber 1 2 3 4 5 6

overs

0 9 17 31 39 33 27

1 31 40 49 56 58 54

2 75 62 70 72 58 76

3 60 74 74 103 74 71

4 71 76 112 80 81 72

5 77 102 63 86 78 80

6 34 56 49 59 64 38

7 59 62 73 70 69 56

8 86 83 79 81 73 52

9 54 62 86 61 74 67

10 82 92 83 69 72 70

11 91 72 87 79 87 70

12 87 109 79 100 100 84

13 101 101 99 97 90 88

14 90 124 103 100 86 106

15 102 120 129 121 113 96

16 107 115 111 100 120 101

17 126 142 137 151 117 129

18 118 114 151 132 138 128

19 136 120 151 151 116 148

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In [99]: plt.figure(figsize=(20,10))
plt.imshow(grid)

Out[99]: <matplotlib.image.AxesImage at 0x25b506e4760>

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In [100]: plt.figure(figsize=(20,10))
plt.imshow(grid)
​
plt.yticks(delivery['overs'].unique(), list(range(1,21)))
​
plt.xticks(np.arange(0,6), list(range(1,7)))
​
plt.colorbar()

Out[100]: <matplotlib.colorbar.Colorbar at 0x25b50c9e100>

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Pandas Plot
In [101]: # on a series
​
s = pd.Series([1,2,3,4,5,6,7])
s.plot(kind='pie')

Out[101]: <AxesSubplot:ylabel='None'>

In [106]: # can be used on a dataframe as well

​
import seaborn as sns
tips = sns.load_dataset('tips')
tips.head()

Out[106]:
total_bill tip sex smoker day time size

0 16.99 1.01 Female No Sun Dinner 2

1 10.34 1.66 Male No Sun Dinner 3

2 21.01 3.50 Male No Sun Dinner 3

3 23.68 3.31 Male No Sun Dinner 2

4 24.59 3.61 Female No Sun Dinner 4

In [108]: tips['size'] = tips['size'] * 100

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In [109]: tips.head()

Out[109]:
total_bill tip sex smoker day time size

0 16.99 1.01 Female No Sun Dinner 200

1 10.34 1.66 Male No Sun Dinner 300

2 21.01 3.50 Male No Sun Dinner 300

3 23.68 3.31 Male No Sun Dinner 200

4 24.59 3.61 Female No Sun Dinner 400

In [110]: # Scatter plot -> labels -> markers -> figsize -> color -> cmap
​
tips.plot(kind='scatter',x='total_bill',y='tip',
title='Cost Analysis',marker='+',
figsize=(10,6),s='size',c='sex',
cmap='viridis')

Out[110]: <AxesSubplot:title={'center':'Cost Analysis'}, xlabel='total_bill', ylabel='t

ip'>

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2d plot

In [111]: ​
# dataset = 'https://raw.githubusercontent.com/m-mehdi/pandas_tutorials/main/w
​
stocks = pd.read_csv('https://raw.githubusercontent.com/m-mehdi/pandas_tutoria
stocks.head()

Out[111]:
Date MSFT FB AAPL

0 2021-05-24 249.679993 328.730011 124.610001

1 2021-05-31 250.789993 330.350006 125.889999

2 2021-06-07 257.890015 331.260010 127.349998

3 2021-06-14 259.429993 329.660004 130.460007

4 2021-06-21 265.019989 341.369995 133.110001

In [118]: # line plot

​
stocks['MSFT'].plot(kind='line', color ='blue')

Out[118]: <AxesSubplot:>

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In [113]: stocks.plot(kind='line',x='Date')

Out[113]: <AxesSubplot:xlabel='Date'>

In [114]: stocks[['Date','AAPL','FB']].plot(kind='line',x='Date')

Out[114]: <AxesSubplot:xlabel='Date'>

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bar chart

In [115]: # bar chart -> single -> horizontal -> multiple

# using tips
temp = pd.read_csv("batsman_season_record.csv")
temp.head()

Out[115]:
batsman 2015 2016 2017

0 AB de Villiers 513 687 216

1 DA Warner 562 848 641

2 MS Dhoni 372 284 290

3 RG Sharma 482 489 333

4 V Kohli 505 973 308

In [119]: tips.groupby('sex')['total_bill'].mean().plot(kind='bar', color ='pink')

Out[119]: <AxesSubplot:xlabel='sex'>

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In [117]: temp['2015'].plot(kind='bar',color ='yellow')

Out[117]: <AxesSubplot:>

In [120]: temp.plot(kind='bar')

Out[120]: <AxesSubplot:>

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In [126]: # stacked bar chart

​
temp.plot(kind='bar',stacked=True , colormap ='winter')

Out[126]: <AxesSubplot:>

Histogram

In [125]: # using stocks

​
stocks[['MSFT','FB']].plot(kind='hist',bins=40 , colormap ='summer')

Out[125]: <AxesSubplot:ylabel='Frequency'>

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Pie chart

In [127]: # single and multiple

​
df = pd.DataFrame(
{
'batsman':['Dhawan','Rohit','Kohli','SKY','Pandya','Pant'],
'match1':[120,90,35,45,12,10],
'match2':[0,1,123,130,34,45],
'match3':[50,24,145,45,10,90]
}
)
​
df.head()

Out[127]:
batsman match1 match2 match3

0 Dhawan 120 0 50

1 Rohit 90 1 24

2 Kohli 35 123 145

3 SKY 45 130 45

4 Pandya 12 34 10

In [130]: df['match1'].plot(kind='pie',
labels=df['batsman'].values,autopct='%0.1f%%',
colormap= 'tab10')

Out[130]: <AxesSubplot:ylabel='match1'>

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In [132]: # multiple pie charts

​
df[['match1','match2','match3']].plot(kind='pie',
subplots=True,
figsize=(15,8),
colormap='Paired')

Out[132]: array([<AxesSubplot:ylabel='match1'>, <AxesSubplot:ylabel='match2'>,

<AxesSubplot:ylabel='match3'>], dtype=object)

multiple separate graphs together

In [138]: # using stocks

​
stocks.plot(kind='line',subplots=True , colormap ='tab20')

Out[138]: array([<AxesSubplot:>, <AxesSubplot:>, <AxesSubplot:>], dtype=object)

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on multiindex dataframes

In [144]: # using tips

​
tips.pivot_table(index=['day','time'],
columns=['sex','smoker'],
values='total_bill',
aggfunc='mean').plot(kind='pie',
subplots=True,
figsize=(30,20))
plt.show()

In [ ]: ​

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