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SHS

Media and Information Literacy

Grade 11/12 Module 1 – Week 1
Media and Information
Media and Information Literacy
First Edition, 2020
Literacy
Module 1, Week 1 Copyright © 2020
La Union Schools Division Module 1 – Week 1
Region I

All rights reserved. No part of this module may be reproduced in any form without
written permission from the copyright owners.

Development Team of the Module

Author: May Ann V. Flora, T-II

Editor: SDO La Union, Learning Resource Quality Assurance Team
Illustrator: Ernesto F. Ramos Jr., P II

Management Team:

ATTY. Donato D. Balderas, Jr.

Schools Division Superintendent
Vivian Luz S. Pagatpatan, Ph.D
Assistant Schools Division Superintendent
German E. Flora, Ph.D, CID Chief
Virgilio C. Boado, Ph.D, EPS in Charge of LRMS

Melba N. Paz, Ph.D, EPS in Charge of TVL

Michael Jason D. Morales, PDO II
Claire P. Toluyen, Librarian II

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Target Based on that short story, what do you think is communication?

Jumpstart Is listening an act of communication?
Media and Information Literacy introduces basic understanding of
media and information as channels of communication and tools for the Defining Communication
development of individuals and societies. It also aims to develop students to For you to understand the lesson well, do the following activities.
be creative and critical thinkers as well as responsible users and Have fun and good luck! Communication is an act or process of using words, sounds, signs, or behaviors to
express or exchange information or to express ideas, thoughts, feelings to someone
competent producers of media and information. (MIL Curriculum Guide,
else. (http://www.merriam-webster.com)
DepEd) Activity 1: Read Me! Understand Me! ➢ It is the exchange of information and the expression of feeling that can result in
Directions: Read the short story below and analyze the message of it. understanding. (http://dictionary.cambridge.org)
Understand what you are reading. Communication is a two way method: talking or sending message and listening or
This module will provide you with information and activities that will receiving the message. Therefore, in communicating, you need someone to talk to or
Just Listen someone to receive your message or vice versa.
help you understand how communication is influenced by media and
by: Rachel Naomi Remen (Kitchen Table Wisdom)
information and the similarities and differences between and among media
I suspect that the most basic and powerful way to connect to another person is to listen. Directions: Rearrange the letters in each blank to complete the idea in the sentence.
literacy, information literacy, and technology literacy.
Just listen. Perhaps the most important thing we ever give each other is our attention. Write it on the space provided.
And especially if it’s given from the heart. When people are talking, there’s no meed to
do anything but receive them. Just take them in. Q1: Communication is the (eganexch) ____________ of information or ideas between
After going through this module, you are expected to: (enders) ____________ and (iverecre) . ____________
Listen to what they’re saying. Care about it. Most times caring about it is even more
1. Describe how communication is influenced by media and important than understanding it. Most of us don’t value ourselves or our love enough Q2: It is important to (isteln) ____________ on the other part of the story.
information. (MIL11/12IMIL-IIIa-1) to know this. It has taken me along time to believe in the power of simple saying, “I’m
so sorry”, when someone is in pain. And meaning it. Q3: Don’t easily believe to (osipgs) ____________ without any proof.
2. Identify the similarities and differences between and among media
literacy, information literacy, and technology literacy. Q4: Communication bridges the (pag) ____________ between individuals through flow
One of my patients told me that when she tried to tell her story people often interrupted
(MIL11/12IMIL-IIIa-2) to tell her that they once had something just like that happen to them. Subtly her pain of information and understanding.
became a story about themselves. Eventually she stopped talking to most people. It
was just too lonely. We connect through listening. When we interrupt what someone is Q5: (Sword) ____________are primarily the means we use in communication.
saying to let them know that we understand, we move the focus of attention to
ourselves. When we listen, they know we care. Many people with cancer can talk about
the relief of having someone just listen.

I have even learned to respond to someone crying by just listening. In the old days I
used to reach for the tissues, until I realized that passing a person a tissue may be
just another way to shut them down, to take them out of their experience of sadness
and grief. Now I just listen. When they have cried all they need to cry, they find me
there with them.
Before moving on, Smile and Relax
Read and Understand. This simple thing has not neen that easy to learn. It certainly went against everything
I had been taught people listened only because they were too timid to speak or did not
know the answer. A loving silence often has far more power to heal and to connect
than the most well-intentioned words.

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Discover verbal messages. Sometimes nonverbal responses contradict

communication and hence affect the effectiveness of the message.
verbal o Written communication --- written signs or symbols are used to
communicate. A written message may be printed or handwritten. It can
be transmitted via email, letter, report, memo and the like. The message
is influenced by the vocabulary and grammar used, writing styles,
Why do we communicate? Three Elements of Non-verbal communication: precision and clarity of language used.
How do we communicate?
A. Appearance Type of Communication Based on Purpose and Style
Types of Communication One’s appearance in nonverbal communication plays a significant role in
conveying the message. When someone speaks, the way he or she looks can
Communication is used for many things. It is means to express, inform, entertain,
1. Interpersonal Communication determine how message will be received.
and interact. The communication is done can also vary depending on the message to
➢ a form of communication that involves two or three individuals
be delivered, the audience that it will be delivered to, and purpose why it is being
interacting through the use of their voices and bodies. (Turow 2008,8) For example, job interviews require interviewees to wear corporate clothes. Even
delivered. There are two types of communication depending on style and purpose:
➢ It is simply the face-to-face conversation. tough your appearance may not be necessary to determine whether or not you
formal and non-formal.
are fit for a post, the interviewer can perceive the way you look as a sign of
2. Mediated Interpersonal Communication professionalism or lack thereof. 1. Formal Communication
➢ communication becomes mediated through the use of devices such o mostly takes place professional settings. This is the type of
as pen, telephone, or computer wherein technology stands in between B. Body Language communication practiced in corporate meetings, conferences, academic
parties communicating and becomes the channel by which the Words are primarily the means we use in communication. By using a seminars, political sessions, and juridical proceedings. Its primary
message is sent or received. common language between two conversing parties, a message can easily be sent purpose is information dissemination to concerning parties that are
and received. However, in face-to-face conversations, words are hardly the only involved in certain types of official business.
3. Organizational Communication thing that receiver process. They also take our body language into account. The o This type of communication abides by a set of pre-determined
➢ people communicate differently in a working environment. way one acts as he or she speaks, whether he’s fidgeting or standing staidly, the guidelines in delivering a message.
Example: An email sent by the school principal to all the academic receiver adds in that in the block of information to process. Fidgeting may be 2. Informal Communication
personnel to communicate a new policy. These messages flow through taken as sign of nervousness or anxiety and affect the meaning of the words that o It is the most commonly used form of communication. It takes place in
faculty meetings, memorandum posted in the bulletin boards for the are verbally expressed. our daily interaction with one another. It happens in ordinary settings
personnel to see, or in conferences and seminars. between friends, family, classmates, and practically anyone who wishes
C. Sounds to speak with another.
In communication, it is often the way words are said, not the actual
Think! words themselves that can be determine the success of conversation. tone, pace,
What makes up a message? and volume are considered in understanding the true meaning of what someone Communication Models:
is saying. For instance, a raised voice can be taken as a sign of anger, a hurried
pace can mean annoyance, and a condescending tone is often understood as Communication models were created to explain the human communication
sarcasm. process.
Type of Communication According to channels used:
The First Major Communication Model:
2. Verbal Communication refers to the form of communication in which messages
1. Non-Verbal Communication is the sending or receiving of wordless messages, The first major model in communication came in 1949 by Shannon and
is transmitted verbally; communication is done by word of mouth and a piece of
such as: Weaver. The Linear Model of Communication followed the basic concept of
writing.
o signs communication wherein it is the process of sending and receiving messages or
o symbols transferring (channel) information from one part (sender) to another(receiver).
➢ Verbal communication can be subdivided into two:
o colors
o Oral communication --- spoken words are used and it includes face-
o gestures The basic components of the first major communication model consists of
to-face conversations, speech, telephonic conversations, video, radio,
o body language the following:
television, voice-over the internet.
o facial expressions
In oral communication influence by pitch, volume, speed and clarity of
Sender Channel Receiver
Nonverbal communication is all about the body language of the speaker. speaking.

Nonverbal communication helps receiver in interpreting the message

received. Often, nonverbal signals reflect the situation more accurately than

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The Evolution of the Communication Model: How Media and Information Affect Communication The Internet: Means of Communication

David Berlo expanded the Linear Model of Communication to SMCR Model The internet plays a vital role in communicating information in the
of Communication. The Sender-Message-Channel-Receiver Model of Philippines because the internet has a large number of users.
communication separated the parts clearly because of the Message component.

The Rules in the Communication Process: The Internet: Source of Information

Communication is a social interaction where at least two interacting agents The internet is an important source of information because of the
share a common set of signs and a common set of semiotic rules. (Schramm) following:
The three levels of the semiotic rules in the communication process are
• It has a wide array of publishers.
the following:
Photo Credited to: https://commons.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:EU-Media-Futures-Forum-pic_0.jpg • It has vast information from culture to science.
• Sematic (signs and symbols and what they represent) and http://hallr.com/category/school-communication/ • It has an archive of all news globally.
• Pragmatic (relations of expressions and their users)
Information can be accessed across the globe through different platforms
• Syntactic (formal properties of signs and symbols) in the internet creating convenience in information accessibility.
Media

Media are communication channels which news, entertainment, education, Information can also be accessed through:
Elements of Communication Process
information or promotional messages are disseminated. • Facebook
This may include everything that is broadcasted and narrow casted in different • Blogs
1. Source is where the message came from. It can be a person or an organization.
mediums like newspapers, billboards, direct mail, magazines, telephone, television, • Online Journals
2. Message It is simply the information you want to communicate.
3. Encoding is the process by which a message is transmitted and radio, fax, and the internet. • Twitter
communicated to another party. It is how you compose your sentence as you • Websites
communicate. • Linkedin
4. Transmitting is the actual act of sending the message. It can be through Media Roles
verbal, nonverbal, formal or non-formal. Facebook: A Channel for Communication
The following are the roles of media to the public:
5. Channels are the lines that enable the act of sending or transmitting. It could
be the telephone, the internet for voice operated applications, the radio and a. Act as channels of information and knowledge Facebook is a popular means for communication, especially in the
television, or the print media to communicate more complex messages. b. Facilitate informed debates Philippines. Its features that makes it a channel for communication are the following:
6. Decoding is the transmitted impulses that are converted to signs as the brain c. Provide us with information about the world beyond our immediate
• Facebook chat allows you to communicate real time despite geographical
perceives and processes it. Decoding is the process by which the receiver experience
locations.
translates the source’s thoughts and ideas so they can have meaning. The d. Function as an advocate and social actor in its own right while
• Facebook status allows you to send to your readers a message you want to
process can be purely physiological, as when the brain, through its own respecting pluralistic values
convey.
processes, interprets the message. e. Build a sense of community
• Facebook comment can be a form of communication for feedback.
7. Receiver is the one who gets the message that was transmitted through the f. Function as a watchdog of the government in promoting
channels. transparency As a means of communicating information, Facebook has been a medium
8. Feedback is the response generated by the message that was sent to the g. Act as a facilitator of democratic process of sharing authentic news, fake news, satirical information and many more.
receiver. It can be either be immediate or delayed. h. Serve as a vehicle for cultural expression and cultural cohesion
Today, traditional media like the television, radio and newspaper have
utilized Facebook to reach more audience and as an alternative medium in delivering
Information information.
Information are facts learned or provided about something or someone. Facebook has changed the world the world because it:
These are often conveyed or represented through symbols, events, experience, details
and many more. • changed how we keep in touch
• changed the way we share our lives
• changed the way we consume information
• changed the way we view privacy

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• computers, film, etc. It also refers to any physical object used to

changed the way people are bullied
communicate messages.
Explore
• changed the way businesses interact with customers.

6. Information
Media and Information ➢ A broad term that covers processed data, knowledge derived from study, Here are some enrichment activities for you to work on to master and strengthen the
experience, instruction, signals or symbols. basic concepts you have learned from this lesson.
Media and Information can and cannot influence its audience, but
generally, it influences majority of its audience.

Media and Information can influence the audience because these dictate the Enrichment Activity 1: Pair Me Up!
audience what to do and what to think and at the same time triggers a social Media and Information Literacy
Directions: Match the word or group of words on column A to its corresponding
response to its audience. Definitions: meaning on column B. Write the letter of your answer on the blank.
Media and Information cannot influence some of its audience because these ➢ The essential skills and competencies that allow individuals to engage
can be filtered by their audience. A B
with media and other information providers effectively, as well as develop
_________1. Media a. exchange of information or message
critical thinking and life-long learning skills to socialize and become
that leads to understanding.
active citizens. (MIL Policy and Strategy Guidelines by UNESCO, 2013)
_________2. Literacy b. objects used to communicate
Similarities and Differences of Media Literacy, Information
_________3. Oral Communication c. spoken words of communication
Literacy, and Technology Literacy ➢ MIL includes information and communication literacy and digital literacy.
_________4. Message d. the sender of information
It is defined as a set of competencies that empowers citizens to access,
_________5. Communication e. response
retrieve, understand, evaluate and use, create, as well as share
_________6. Feedback f. ability to interpret, identify and
Terms to Understand: information and media content in all formats, using various tools, in a
understand a given context
critical, ethical and effective way, in order to participate and engage in
_________7. Source g. information you want to
1. Media Literacy personal, professional and societal activities.
communicate
➢ The ability to access, analyze, evaluate, and create media in a variety of (http://www.uis.unesco.org/communication/pages/information-
_________8. Pragmatic h. relations of expressions and their
forms. It aims to empower citizens by providing them with the literacy.aspx#sthash.y4uxqkgi.dpuf)
users
competencies (knowledge and skills) necessary to engage with traditional
_________9. Sematic i. formal properties of signs and
media and new technologies.
Importance of Media and Information Literacy symbols
_________10. Syntactic j. signs and symbols and what they
2. Information Literacy • To make informed decisions represent
➢ The ability to recognize when information is needed and to locate, evaluate, • To learn about the world
effectively use and communicate information in its various formats. • To build a sense of community
• To maintain public discourse
3. Technology (Digital) Literacy
• To engage in lifelong learning
➢ The ability to use digital technology, communication tools or networks to Deepen
locate, evaluate, use, and create information. Effects of Media and Information Literacy

4. Literacy Media and Information Literacy (MIL) is now considered as a new emerging
➢ The ability to identify, understand, interpret, create, communicate and field of human rights that promotes greater social inclusion. It bridges the gap Your Idea: Answer the following in a separate sheet of paper.
compute, using printed and written materials associated with varying between the information rich and the information poor. It endows individuals with
knowledge of the functions of media and information and the conditions under which • How do you use media as a tool for communication?
contexts. Literacy involves a continuum of learning, wherein individuals
these functions performed. It is closely related to Lifelong learning which enables • How do Media Literacy, Information Literacy, Technology Literacy and Media
are able to achieve their goals, develop their knowledge and potential, and
individuals to attain their goals and take advantage of the emerging opportunities in and Information Literacy differ in terms of use? Elaborate your answer using
participate fully in their community and wider society.
the dynamic global environment. a table.
• What makes an individual literate in media and information?
5. Media • What activities/habits do you practice which illustrate media and information
➢ The physical objects used to communicate with, or the mass literacy? Give at least three examples.
communication through physical objects such as radio, television,

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Gauge III- Multiple Choice: Write the letter of the correct answer.
______1. Radio, television, newspaper and internet are examples of:
Key Answer

a. Information c. Media
b. Literacy d. Technology
Directions: Read carefully each item. Use a separate sheet for your answer. _______2. A person who receives information or message is:
a. Media c. Receiver
I- True or False: Write FACT if the statement is correct; FRAUD if not. b. Message Informer d. Source
_________1. Communication is the exchange of information that can result in _______3. What type of communication that uses spoken word?
understanding. a. Formal communication c. Non-verbal communication
b. Oral communication d. Written communication
_________2. The sender of information or message is known as the source.
________4. It pertains to any information that is passed on through
_________3. Mediated interpersonal communication uses devices as channels of communication.
a. Media c. Receiver
10. A
communication. 9. A
_________4. Information must be free of bias towards one point-of-view. b. Message d. Source 8. D
________5. A form of communication in which message is transmitted verbally; 7. C
_________5. Media literate individuals have the abilities to decode, analyze, word of mouth and a piece of writing do communication? 6. A

evaluate and produce information.

5. D
a. Formal communication c. Non-verbal communication 4. B
_________6. A literate person can read and write. b. Informal communication d. Verbal communication 3. B
________6. Broadly defined as data, knowledge, or instructions through the
2. C
_________7.Without technology, people will not be able to communicate properly. 1. C
signals or symbols. III-Multiple Choice
_________8. Body language can be easily seen in phone interviews. a. Information c. Media 5. Interpersonal communication

b. Literacy d. Technology
4. Nonverbal Communication
_________9. Communication plays a vital role in our everyday life. 3. Formal Communication
_________7. It is defined as a set of competencies that empowers citizens to access, 2. Receiver
_________10. Media and information has the ability to shape one’s thoughts or retrieve, understand, evaluate and use, create, as well as share information and 1. Literacy
opinion. media content in all formats, using various tools, in a critical, ethical and effective
II-Identification
10. Fact
way, in order to participate and engage in personal, professional and societal 9. Fraud
II- Identification: Identify the following. activities.
8. Fraud
7. Fraud
a. Communication c. Media and Information Literacy 6.Fact
___________________1. It is the ability to identify, understand, interpret, create, b. Media Literacy d. Technology Literacy
5.Fact
communicate, and compute using written or non-written materials associated
4.Fact
__________8. The ability to use digital technology, communication tools or 3. Fact
with varying contexts. networks to locate, evaluate, use, and create information. 2. Fact

a. Communication c. Media and Information Literacy

1. Fact
___________________2. It refers to the listener, reader, and viewer of the message. I-True or False
b. Media Literacy d. Technology Literacy Gauge page 13-14
___________________3. A type of information usually practiced in corporate
__________9. It is the way how a person looks that determine how message will
10. I
meetings, conferences, academic seminars, political sessions, and juridicial 9. J
proceedings. be received. 8. H
a. Appearance c. Sign 7. D
___________________4. A type of communication that helps the receiver to interpret b. Body Language d. Symbol
6. E
the message received. 5. A
__________10. It is the process by which the receiver translates the source’s 4. G
___________________5. A form of communication that involves two or three thoughts and ideas so they can have meaning.
3. C

individuals interacting through the use of their voices and bodies.

2. F
a. Decoding c. Receiving 1. B
b. Encoding d. Translating Enrichment Activity 1:page 12
Q5. words
Q4. gap
Q3. gossip
Q2. listen
Q1. exchange, sender, receiver
Great Job! You are done with this module. Activity 1 page 3

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