Philippine Malaya College, Inc.
Barangay Mampang, Zamboanga City
E-mail:
[email protected] SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL
ACTIVITY-BASED LEARNING PLAN
DATE:
TEACHER: ALBAB S. BAHARI GRADE: G12
SUBJECT: Physical Science
I. LESSON TITLE: Formation of the MATERIALS:
Light Elements in the Big Bang
Theory Illustration of the Big Bang
theory and Nucleosynthesis
II. REFERENCE: Chart Paper and Marker
PowerPoint
III. CONTENT STANDARDS: The learners demonstrate an understanding of;
1. The formation of the elements during the big bang and during stellar
evolution
IV. PERFORMANCE STANDARDS: The learners shall be able to;
1. Make a creative representation of the historical development of the atom or the
chemical element in a timeline
V. LEARNING COMPETENCIES: The learners;
1. Give evidence for and explain the formation of the light elements in the Big
Bang theory S11/12PS-IIIa-1 3hours
SPECIFIC LEARNING OUTCOMES: At the end of the lesson, the learners will be able to:
1. Explain the concept of the Big Bang Theory
2. Understand the formation of Light Elements (hydrogen, helium, and lithium)
in the early universe
3. Analyze and discuss the evidence supporting the Big Bang theory
VI. TIME ALLOTMENT: 180 minutes
VIII. INSTRUCTIONAL STRATEGIES
A. Pre-Lection (Activating Prior Knowledge)
Puzzle: Guess the word
Instruction: Look at the four images below and try to guess the word that connect all of
them. The word relates to the formation and concepts of the Big Bang theory.
Picture 1. A Large explosion
Picture 2. History of universe
Picture 3. Illustration of hydrogen and helium
Picture 4. Cosmic microwave radiation
WORD: “NUCLEOSYNTHESIS”
Brainstorming
‘’Think pair share’’
Divide the students into pairs. Ask them to brainstorm and list down:
What they know about the Big Bang theory
Which elements were formed in the early universe?
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What are the processes that involved in the formation of these elements?
B. Interactive Lecture (Focus Instruction- “I Do”)
1. Introduction to the Big Bang theory
Begin with a brief discussion on the origin of the universe and introduce the
concept of the Big Bang theory
Define the Big Bang theory as the prevailing scientific explanation for the
origin and evolution of the universe from a singular around 13.8 billion
years ago.
2. Formation of the Light Element
Explain that the early universe was extremely hot and dense immediate
after the big bang.
Discuss nucleosynthesis, the process by which nuclei of atom are formed,
focusing on the formation of light elements.
HYDROGEN – Explain that hydrogen nuclei (proton) formed within the first
few minutes after the Big Bang
HELIUM – Discuss how helium nuclei formed through nuclear fusion
primarily during the first few minutes to 20 minutes after the big bang,
known as the big bang nucleosynthesis.
LITHIUM – briefly mention the formation of lithium and trace amounts of
other elements.
3. Evidence for the Big Bang theory
Present evidence supporting the big bang theory
Cosmic Microwave Background Radiation (CMBR) – Explain that the CMBR is
residual radiation from early universe, detected uniformly in all directions, which
supports the idea of a hot, dense beginning.
Abundance of Light Elements – Discuss how the observed abundance of
hydrogen, helium, and lithium in the universe matches theoretical prediction from
big bang nucleosynthesis.
Redshift of Galaxies – Mention the redshift observed in distant galaxies,
indicating that the universe is expanding from a dense initial state.
C. Guided Practice (Group Activity- “We Do”
Group activity: “Element Formation Timeline”
Divide students into 3 groups.
Assign each group a specific element (hydrogen, helium, or lithium) to
research and illustrate on the timeline.
Each element should include the formation stage, timeframe and scientific
evidence.
Each group presents their timeline and finding to the class.
D. Processing Students’ Response
1. How light elements formed according to the big bang theory
2. What the key evidence supporting the big bang theory
E. Independent Practice (“You Do”)
Direction Test: True or False
Write true if the statement is correct, and false if the statement is wrong.
1. Hydrogen was the first elements to form in the universe according to the big
bang theory
2. Helium was synthesized in significant quantities during the first few minutes
after the big bang.
3. Lithium – 7 is abundantly produced in the Big Bang nucleosynthesis.
4. Nucleosynthesis during the Big Bang occurred primarily due to the process of
nuclear fusion.
5. The cosmic microwave background radiation provides evidence supporting the
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predictions of the big bang theory.
6. The relative abundance of hydrogen in the universe is significantly higher than
that of helium.
7. The formation of deuterium (hydrogen-2) in the big bang was hindered by rapid
nuclear reaction.
8. 8. Beryllium-7 is a stable isotope formed in abundance during the big bang
nucleosynthesis.
9. The process of nucleosynthesis in the big bang was primarily driven by
gravitational interactions among cosmic matter.
10. The synthesis of light elements in the big bang occurred within the first few
second after the cosmic inflation period.
F. Closure Activity or Reflection/Action
I learned that ___________________________________________________________
Extended Classroom Activity
Read the statement below and answer question that follow.
Research and discuss recent discoveries or developments related to the big bang theory.
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