Republic of the Philippines
Department of Education
Schools Division Office of Cotabato
Ernesto Agustin Reyes High School
Sinawingan, Libungan, Cotabato
LEARNING ACTIVITY SHEET: PRACTICAL RESEARCH 1 QUARTER 4-WEEK 4
NAME:____________________________________________ DATE:___________________
GRADE & SECTION:_________________________________ SCORE:____________________
LEARNING COMPETENCY
Synthesizes information from relevant literature. CS_RS11-IIIf-j-3
TOPIC: Patterns of Citations
Patterns of Citations
1. Summary
The citation in this case is a shortened version of the original text that is expressed in your own
language. Making the text short, you have to pick out only the most important ideas of the text.
2. Paraphrase
Instead of shortening the form of the text, you explain what the text means using your own words. In
doing so, it is possible that your explanations may decrease or exceed the number of words of the original
text.
3. Short Direct Quotation
Only a part of the author’s sentence, the whole sentence, or several sentences not exceeding 40 words.
This make you copy the exact words of the writer, it is necessary that you give the number of the page
where the readers can find the copied words.
4. Long Direct Quotation
This citation pattern makes you copy the author’s exact words numbering from 40 -100 words. Under
APA, the limit is 8 lines, placed at the center of the page with no indention.
Summative Test on Related Literature Citations
Instructions: Identify the terms described in the statements below. Write your answers on the provided space.
INDIVIDUAL
____________1. This term refers to the initial section of a research paper that credits individuals who have made significant
contributions to the development of the study.
____________2. A comprehensive list at the end of a document that includes all the sources, such as books, journals, and online
materials, from which ideas were drawn.
____________3. The practice of referring to sources within the main body of the text, especially important in the Review of Related
Literature (RRL) section.
____________4. The citation style that actively involves mentioning the author's name within the text, often accompanied by verbs
like "claims," "asserts," or "states."
____________5. A citation style that emphasizes the information being presented rather than the author, often used to maintain an
objective tone in the text.
____________6. A citation that condenses the original text into a brief summary using the researcher's own words, focusing only on
the key points.
____________7. This pattern involves rewording the original text to explain its meaning in the researcher's own language, potentially
altering the length of the text.
____________8. A type of citation that reproduces a short segment of the original text, not exceeding 40 words, and requires the
inclusion of the page number where the quoted material can be found.
____________9. This citation pattern involves quoting directly from the source a passage that is long, typically ranging from 40 to
100 words, and is formatted distinctively according to specific style guidelines.
____________10. “Vocabulary is often regarded as the most essential aspect of English learning in mainland China (Cortazzi & Jin,
1996).” This is an example of what style of citation?
TRUE OR FALSE
Instructions: Read each statement carefully. Write "True" if you believe the statement accurately reflects the purpose of citations in
academic writing. Write "False" if you believe the statement does not.
____________1. Citations are primarily used to make the paper look more professional and sophisticated.
____________2. One purpose of citations is to show respect and give importance to the original authors of the ideas or findings you
are discussing.
____________3. Citations are used to give authority, validity, and credibility to your own ideas only, not to others'.
____________4. By citing sources, you enable readers to find or contact the sources of ideas easily for further reading or inquiry.
____________5. Citations allow readers to check the accuracy and reliability of your work by referring back to the original sources.
____________6. The main reason for citations is to fill up more space in your research paper.
____________7. Using citations in your work can help protect you from accusations of plagiarism.
____________8. Citations are not necessary if the information is considered common knowledge within the field.
____________9. The purpose of citations is to prove that you have engaged in broad and extensive reading of authentic and relevant
materials about your topic.
____________10. Citations are only required when you are quoting someone directly, not when paraphrasing or summarizing their
ideas.
__________________________________________________END_____________________________________________________
