27 OCT 06 TABLES AND CODES EH-I

TABLE OF CONTENTS
Limited or special coverages may not contain all items, but that material which is included should be arranged
in the order outlined.

TABLE OF CONTENTS ............................................................................................................................... EH-I

REFERENCE TABLES

ALTIMETER SETTING (FLIGHT LEVEL TABLE) ...............................................................................................3

PHONETIC ALPHABET AND MORSE CODE ...................................................................................................4

METRIC MULTIPLES AND SUB-MULTIPLES....................................................................................................5

WIND COMPONENT TABLES ...........................................................................................................................5

PRESSURE ALTITUDE ......................................................................................................................................7

INCHES TO HECTOPASCALSZ (OR MILLIBARS)..............................................................................................9

HECTOPASCALSZ (ORZ MILLIBARS)Z TOZ INCHES............................................................................................12

MILLIMETERSZ TO HECTOPASCALS (ORZ MILLIBARS)Z .................................................................................14

CONVERSIONS ...............................................................................................................................................15
Meters per Second to Feet per Minute ......................................................................................................15
Meters per Second to Knots......................................................................................................................15
Temperature ..............................................................................................................................................16
Weight .......................................................................................................................................................16
Distances...................................................................................................................................................17
Volume ......................................................................................................................................................20

NOTAMS

INTRODUCTION ..............................................................................................................................................31

TYPICAL NOTAM – IN THE SYSTEM NOTAM FORMAT.................................................................................31

FORMAT EXPLANATION OF SYSTEM NOTAM ..............................................................................................31

PREVIOUS NOTAM FORMAT AND EXPLANATION........................................................................................32

NOTAM CODE ..................................................................................................................................................33

Second and Third Letters ..........................................................................................................................33
Fourth and Fifth Letters .............................................................................................................................39

SNOWTAM

ORIGINATION AND DISTRIBUTION ...............................................................................................................43

SNOWTAM FORMAT........................................................................................................................................43

GUIDANCE FOR THE COMPLETION OF THE SNOWTAM FORMAT ............................................................44

EXAMPLE OF COMPLETED SNOWTAM FORMAT ........................................................................................45

DEFINITIONS OF THE VARIOUS TYPES OF SNOW .....................................................................................45

STANDARD TIME SIGNALS

INTRODUCTION ..............................................................................................................................................51
Summary of Radio Broadcast Services ....................................................................................................51
SHORTWAVE SERVICES – W
Z WVZ AND WWVHZ .............................................................................................53
Accuracy and Stability ...............................................................................................................................54
Time Announcements ...............................................................................................................................54
Standard Time Intervals ............................................................................................................................55
Standard Audio Frequencies .....................................................................................................................56
Silent Periods ............................................................................................................................................56

© JEPPESEN SANDERSON, INC., 1994, 2006. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.

EH-II TABLES AND CODES 27 OCT 06

TABLE OF CONTENTS
BCD Time Code ........................................................................................................................................56
UT1 Time Corrections ...............................................................................................................................57
Official Announcements ............................................................................................................................57
WWV and WWVH Audio Signals by Telephone ........................................................................................58
LOW FREQUENCY SERVICES – WWVB .......................................................................................................58
Accuracy and Stability ...............................................................................................................................58
Station Identification ..................................................................................................................................58
WWVB Time Code ....................................................................................................................................58
GOES Satellite Time Services ..................................................................................................................58
Automated Computer Time Service (ACTS) .............................................................................................58

RADIO TIME SIGNALS

GENERAL INFORMATION...............................................................................................................................61

SUNRISE AND SUNSET TABLES

INTRODUCTION ............................................................................................................................................101

LONGITUDE TO TIME ...................................................................................................................................102

Selected Cities with Local to UTC Conversion Factors ...........................................................................127
WORLDWIDE LOCAL TIMES .......................................................................................................................141

INTERNATIONAL DIALLING PROCEDURES ..............................................................................................301

© JEPPESEN SANDERSON, INC., 1994, 2006. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.

 24 FEB 06 TABLES AND CODES 3

REFERENCE TABLES
ALTIMETER SETTING
REFERENCE TABLES

SETTING AT AIRPORT IN THE AIR

QNE (Standard) 29.92 in. Hg. — Variable elevation reading above Positive separation by pressure
1013.25 hPa — 1013.25 mb or below actual elevation level but at varying actual altitudes

QNH (Sea Level) Actual elevation reading when Altitude indicated (without
aircraft on ground consideraton of temperature)

QFE (Station) Zero elevation reading when Height above ground indicated
aircraft on ground (without consideration of
temperature)

© JEPPESEN SANDERSON, INC. 2006. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.

4 TABLES AND CODES 24 FEB 06

REFERENCE TABLES
PHONETIC ALPHABET AND MORSE
CODE

© JEPPESEN SANDERSON, INC. 2006. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.

 24 FEB 06 TABLES AND CODES 5

REFERENCE TABLES
METRIC MULTIPLES AND
SUB-MULTIPLES
Multiplying Factor Prefix Symbol Examples

1 000 000 000 000 = 1012 terra T

1 000 000 000 = 109 giga G

1 000 000 = 106 mega M megahertz, etc.

1 000 =103 kilo k kilogram, kilometer, etc.

100=102 hecto h

10=101 deka da

1 meter, gram, liter, etc.

-1
0.1=10 deci d

0.01=10-2 centi c

0.001=10-3 milli m milligram, millimeter, etc.

0.000 001=10-6 micro µ

-9
0.000 000 001=10 nano n

0.000 000 000 001=10-12 pico p

WIND COMPONENT TABLES

ANGLE BETWEEN WIND DIRECTION AND HEADING (LEFT OR RIGHT)

WIND SPEED 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80
KNOTS
HEADWIND COMPONENT

5 -5 -5 -4 -4 -3 -3 -2 -1

10 -10 -9 -9 -8 -6 -5 -3 -2

15 -15 -14 -13 -11 -10 -8 -5 -3

20 -20 -19 -17 -15 -13 -10 -7 -3

25 -25 -23 -22 -19 -16 -13 -9 -4

30 -29 -28 -26 -23 -19 -15 -10 -5

35 -34 -33 -30 -27 -22 -18 -12 -6

40 -39 -38 -35 -31 -26 -20 -14 -7

45 -44 -42 -39 -34 -29 -23 -15 -8

50 -49 -47 -43 -38 -32 -25 -17 -9

55 -54 -52 -48 -42 -35 -28 -19 -9

60 -59 -56 -52 -46 -39 -30 -21 -10

65 -64 -61 -56 -50 -42 -33 -22 -11

70 -69 -66 -61 -54 -45 -35 -24 -12

© JEPPESEN SANDERSON, INC. 2006. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.

6 TABLES AND CODES 24 FEB 06

REFERENCE TABLES

ANGLE BETWEEN WIND DIRECTION AND HEADING (LEFT OR RIGHT)

WIND SPEED 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80
KNOTS
CROSSWIND COMPONENT

5 1 2 3 3 4 4 5 5

10 2 3 5 6 8 9 9 10

15 3 5 8 10 11 13 14 15

20 3 7 10 13 15 17 19 20

25 4 9 13 16 19 22 23 25

30 5 10 15 19 23 26 28 29

35 6 12 18 22 27 30 33 34

40 7 14 20 26 31 35 38 39

45 8 15 23 29 34 39 42 44

50 9 17 25 32 38 43 47 49

55 9 19 28 35 42 48 52 54

60 10 21 30 39 46 52 56 59

65 11 22 33 42 50 56 61 64

70 12 24 35 45 54 61 66 69

ANGLE BETWEEN WIND DIRECTION AND HEADING (LEFT OR RIGHT)

WIND SPEED 100 110 120 130 140 150 160 170
KNOTS
TAILWIND COMPONENT

5 +1 +2 +3 +3 +4 +4 +5 +5

10 +2 +3 +5 +6 +8 +9 +9 +10

15 +3 +5 +8 +10 +11 +13 +14 +15

20 +3 +7 +10 +13 +15 +17 +19 +20

25 +4 +9 +13 +16 +19 +22 +23 +25

30 +5 +10 +15 +19 +23 +26 +28 +29

35 +6 +12 +18 +22 +27 +30 +33 +34

40 +7 +14 +20 +26 +31 +35 +38 +39

45 +8 +15 +23 +29 +34 +39 +42 +44

50 +9 +17 +25 +32 +38 +43 +47 +49

55 +9 +19 +28 +35 +42 +48 +52 +54

60 +10 +21 +30 +39 +46 +52 +56 +59

65 +11 +22 +33 +42 +50 +56 +61 +64

70 +12 +24 +35 +45 +54 +61 +66 +69

© JEPPESEN SANDERSON, INC. 2006. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.

 24 FEB 06 TABLES AND CODES 7

REFERENCE TABLES
PRESSURE ALTITUDE
Inches of
.00 .01 .02 .03 .04 .05 .06 .07 .08 .09
Mercury

21.00 9475 9462 9450 9438 9425 9413 9401 9388 9376 9364

21.10 9352 9339 9327 9315 9303 9290 9278 9266 9254 9241

21.20 9229 9217 9205 9192 9180 9168 9156 9144 9131 9119

21.30 9107 9095 9083 9071 9058 9046 9034 9022 9010 8998

21.40 8986 8973 8961 8949 8937 8925 8913 8901 8889 8877

21.50 8864 8852 8840 8828 8816 8804 8792 8780 8768 8756

21.60 8744 8732 8720 8708 8696 8684 8672 8660 8648 8636

21.70 8624 8612 8600 8588 8576 8564 8552 8540 8528 8516

21.80 8504 8492 8480 8468 8456 8444 8432 8420 8408 8397

21.90 8385 8373 8361 8349 8337 8325 8313 8301 8290 8278

22.00 8266 8254 8242 8230 8218 8207 8195 8183 8171 8159

22.10 8147 8136 8124 8112 8100 8088 8077 8065 8053 8041

22.20 8029 8018 8006 7994 7982 7971 7959 7947 7935 7924

22.30 7912 7900 7888 7877 7865 7853 7841 7830 7918 7806

22.40 7795 7783 7771 7760 7748 7736 7725 7713 7701 7690

22.50 7678 7666 7655 7643 7631 7620 7608 7597 7585 7573

22.60 7562 7550 7538 7527 7515 7504 7492 7481 7469 7457

22.70 7446 7434 7423 7411 7400 7388 7377 7365 7353 7342

22.80 7330 7319 7307 7296 7284 7273 7261 7250 7238 7227

22.90 7215 7204 7192 7181 7169 7158 7146 7135 7124 7112

23.00 7101 7089 7078 7066 7055 7044 7032 7021 7009 6998

23.10 6986 6975 6964 6952 6941 6929 6918 6907 6895 6884

23.20 6873 6861 6850 6839 6827 6816 6804 6793 6782 6770

23.30 6759 6748 6737 6725 6714 6703 6691 6680 6669 6657

23.40 6646 6635 6624 6612 6601 6590 6578 6567 6556 6545

23.50 6533 6522 6511 6500 6488 6477 6466 6455 6444 6432

23.60 6421 6410 6399 6388 6376 6365 6354 6343 6332 6320

23.70 6309 6298 6287 6276 6265 6253 6242 6231 6220 6209

23.80 6198 6187 6176 6164 6153 6142 6131 6120 6109 6098

23.90 6087 6076 6064 6053 6042 6031 6020 6009 5998 5987

24.00 5976 5965 5954 5943 5932 5921 5910 5899 5888 5877

24.10 5866 5855 5844 5832 5821 5810 5799 5788 5777 5767

24.20 5756 5745 5734 5723 5712 5701 5690 5679 5668 5657

24.30 5646 5635 5624 5613 5602 5591 5580 5569 5558 5548

24.40 5537 5526 5515 5504 5493 5482 5471 5460 5449 5439

24.50 5428 5417 5406 5395 5384 5373 5363 5352 5341 5330

© JEPPESEN SANDERSON, INC. 2006. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.

8 TABLES AND CODES 24 FEB 06

REFERENCE TABLES
Inches of
.00 .01 .02 .03 .04 .05 .06 .07 .08 .09
Mercury

24.60 5319 5308 5297 5287 5276 5265 5254 5243 5233 5222

24.70 5211 5200 5189 5179 5168 5157 5146 5135 5125 5114

24.80 5103 5092 5082 5071 5060 5049 5039 5028 5017 5006

24.90 4996 4985 4974 4963 4953 4942 4931 4921 4910 4899

25.00 4888 4878 4867 4856 4846 4835 4824 4814 4803 4792

25.10 4782 4771 4760 4750 4739 4728 4718 4707 4696 4686

25.20 4675 4665 4654 4643 4633 4622 4612 4601 4590 4580

25.30 4569 4559 4548 4537 4527 4516 4506 4495 4484 4474

25.40 4463 4453 4442 4432 4421 4411 4400 4390 4379 4368

25.50 4358 4347 4337 4326 4316 4305 4295 4284 4274 4263

25.60 4253 4242 4232 4221 4211 4200 4190 4179 4169 4159

25.70 4148 4138 4127 4117 4106 4096 4085 4075 4064 4054

25.80 4044 4033 4023 4012 4002 3992 3981 3971 3960 3950

25.90 3939 3929 3919 3908 3898 3888 3877 3867 3856 3846

26.00 3836 3825 3815 3805 3794 3784 3774 3763 3753 3743

26.10 3732 3722 3712 3701 3691 3681 3670 3660 3650 3639

26.20 3629 3619 3609 3598 3588 3578 3567 3557 3547 3537

26.30 3526 3516 3506 3495 3485 3475 3465 3454 3444 3434

26.40 3424 3414 3403 3393 3383 3373 3362 3352 3342 3332

26.50 3322 3311 3301 3291 3281 3271 3260 3250 3240 3230

26.60 3220 3210 3199 3189 3179 3169 3159 3149 3138 3128

26.70 3118 3108 3098 3088 3078 3067 3057 3047 3037 3027

26.80 3017 3007 2997 2987 2976 2966 2956 2946 2936 2926

26.90 2916 2906 2896 2886 2876 2866 2855 2845 2835 2825

27.00 2815 2805 2795 2785 2775 2765 2755 2745 2735 2725

27.10 2715 2705 2695 2685 2675 2665 2655 2645 2635 2625

27.20 2615 2605 2595 2585 2575 2565 2555 2545 2535 2525

27.30 2515 2505 2495 2485 2475 2465 2455 2445 2435 2426

27.40 2416 2406 2396 2386 2376 2366 2356 2346 2336 2326

27.50 2316 2307 2297 2287 2277 2267 2257 2247 2237 2227

27.60 2218 2208 2198 2188 2178 2168 2158 2149 2139 2129

27.70 2119 2109 2099 2089 2080 2070 2060 2050 2040 2030

27.80 2021 2011 2001 1991 1981 1972 1962 1952 1942 1932

27.90 1923 1913 1903 1893 1884 1874 1864 1854 1844 1835

28.00 1825 1815 1805 1796 1786 1776 1766 1757 1747 1737

28.10 1727 1718 1708 1698 1689 1679 1669 1659 1650 1640

28.20 1630 1621 1611 1601 1592 1582 1572 1562 1553 1543

© JEPPESEN SANDERSON, INC. 2006. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.

 24 FEB 06 TABLES AND CODES 9

REFERENCE TABLES
Inches of
.00 .01 .02 .03 .04 .05 .06 .07 .08 .09
Mercury

28.30 1533 1524 1514 1504 1495 1485 1475 1466 1456 1446

28.40 1437 1427 1417 1408 1398 1389 1379 1369 1360 1350

28.50 1340 1331 1321 1312 1302 1292 1283 1273 1264 1254

28.60 1244 1235 1225 1216 1206 1196 1187 1177 1168 1158

28.70 1149 1139 1129 1120 1110 1101 1091 1082 1072 1063

28.80 1053 1044 1034 1024 1015 1005 996 986 977 967

28.90 958 948 939 929 920 910 901 891 882 872

29.00 863 853 844 834 825 815 806 796 787 778

29.10 768 759 749 740 730 721 711 702 693 683

29.20 674 664 655 645 636 627 617 608 598 589

29.30 579 570 561 551 542 532 523 514 504 495

29.40 486 476 467 457 448 439 429 420 411 401

29.50 392 382 373 364 354 345 336 326 317 308

29.60 298 289 280 270 261 252 242 233 224 215

29.70 205 196 187 177 168 159 149 140 131 122

29.80 112 103 94 84 75 66 57 47 38 29

29.90 20 10 1 -8 -17 -27 -36 -45 -54 -64

30.00 -73 -82 -91 -100 -110 -119 -128 -137 -147 -156

30.10 -165 -174 -183 -193 -202 -211 -220 -229 -238 -248

30.20 -257 -266 -275 -284 -294 -303 -312 -321 -330 -339

30.30 -348 -358 -367 -376 -385 -394 -403 -413 -422 -431

30.40 -440 -449 -458 -467 -476 -486 -495 -504 -513 -522

30.50 -531 -540 -549 -558 -568 -577 -586 -595 -604 -613

30.60 -622 -631 -640 -649 -658 -667 -676 -686 -695 -704

30.70 -713 -722 -731 -740 -749 -758 -767 -776 -785 -794

30.80 -803 -812 -821 -830 -839 -848 -857 -866 -875 -884

30.90 -893 -902 -911 -920 -929 -938 -947 -956 -965 -974

31.00 -983 -992 -1001 -1010 -1019 -1028 -1037 -1046 -1055 -1064

INCHES TO HECTOPASCALS (OR

MILLIBARS)
1 inch of mercury = 33.863 hectopascals = 33.863 millibars

.00 .01 .02 .03 .04 .05 .06 .07 .08 .09
Inches of
Mercury
HECTOPASCALS (or MILLIBARS)

21.0 711.1 711.5 711.8 712.2 712.5 712.8 713.2 713.5 713.9 714.2

21.1 714.5 714.9 715.2 715.5 715.9 716.2 716.6 716.9 717.2 717.6

21.2 717.9 718.3 718.6 718.9 719.3 719.6 719.9 720.3 720.6 721.0

21.3 721.3 721.6 722.0 722.3 722.7 723.0 723.3 723.7 724.0 724.3

© JEPPESEN SANDERSON, INC. 2006. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.

10 TABLES AND CODES 24 FEB 06

REFERENCE TABLES
1 inch of mercury = 33.863 hectopascals = 33.863 millibars

.00 .01 .02 .03 .04 .05 .06 .07 .08 .09
Inches of
Mercury
HECTOPASCALS (or MILLIBARS)

21.4 724.7 725.0 725.4 725.7 726.0 726.4 726.7 727.1 727.4 727.7

21.5 728.1 728.4 728.8 729.1 729.4 729.8 730.1 730.4 730.8 731.1

21.6 731.5 731.8 732.1 732.5 732.8 733.2 733.5 733.8 734.2 734.5

21.7 734.8 735.2 735.5 735.9 736.2 736.5 736.9 737.2 737.6 737.9

21.8 738.2 738.6 738.9 739.2 739.6 739.9 740.3 740.6 740.9 741.3

21.9 741.6 742.0 742.3 742.6 743.0 743.3 743.7 744.0 744.3 744.7

22.0 745.0 745.3 745.7 746.0 746.4 746.7 747.0 747.4 747.7 748.1

22.1 748.4 748.7 749.1 749.4 749.7 750.1 750.4 750.8 751.1 751.4

22.2 751.8 752.1 752.5 752.8 753.1 753.5 753.8 754.2 754.5 754.8

22.3 755.2 755.5 755.8 756.2 756.5 756.9 757.2 757.5 757.9 758.2

22.4 758.6 758.9 759.2 759.6 759.9 760.2 760.6 760.9 761.3 761.6

22.5 761.9 762.3 762.6 763.0 763.3 763.6 764.0 764.3 764.6 765.0

22.6 765.3 765.7 766.0 766.3 766.7 767.0 767.4 767.7 768.0 768.4

22.7 768.7 769.1 769.4 769.7 770.1 770.4 770.7 771.1 771.4 771.8

22.8 772.1 772.4 772.8 773.1 773.5 773.8 774.1 774.5 774.8 775.1

22.9 775.5 775.8 776.2 776.5 776.8 777.2 777.5 777.9 778.2 778.5

23.0 778.9 779.2 779.5 779.9 780.2 780.6 780.9 781.2 781.6 781.9

23.1 782.3 782.6 782.9 783.3 783.6 784.0 784.3 784.6 785.0 785.3

23.2 785.6 786.0 786.3 786.7 787.0 787.3 787.7 788.0 788.4 788.7

23.3 789.0 789.4 789.7 790.0 790.4 790.7 791.1 791.4 791.7 792.1

23.4 792.4 792.8 793.1 793.4 793.8 794.1 794.4 794.8 795.1 795.5

23.5 795.8 796.1 796.5 796.8 797.2 797.5 797.8 798.2 798.5 798.9

23.6 799.2 799.5 799.9 800.2 800.5 800.9 801.2 801.6 801.9 802.2

23.7 802.6 802.9 803.3 803.6 803.9 804.3 804.6 804.9 805.3 805.6

23.8 806.0 806.3 806.6 807.0 807.3 807.7 808.0 808.3 808.7 809.0

23.9 809.3 809.7 810.0 810.4 810.7 811.0 811.4 811.7 812.1 812.4

24.0 812.7 813.1 813.4 813.8 814.1 814.4 814.8 815.1 815.4 815.8

24.1 816.1 816.5 816.8 817.1 817.5 817.8 818.2 818.5 818.8 819.2

24.2 819.5 819.8 820.2 820.5 820.9 821.2 821.5 821.9 822.2 822.6

24.3 822.9 823.2 823.6 823.9 824.2 824.6 824.9 825.3 825.6 825.9

24.4 826.3 826.6 827.0 827.3 827.6 828.0 828.3 828.7 829.0 829.3

24.5 829.7 830.0 830.3 830.7 831.0 831.4 831.7 832.0 832.4 832.7

24.6 833.1 833.4 833.7 834.1 834.4 834.7 835.1 835.4 835.8 836.1

24.7 836.4 836.8 837.1 837.5 837.8 838.1 838.5 838.8 839.1 839.5

24.8 839.8 840.2 840.5 840.8 841.2 841.5 841.9 842.2 842.5 842.9

© JEPPESEN SANDERSON, INC. 2006. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.

 24 FEB 06 TABLES AND CODES 11

REFERENCE TABLES
1 inch of mercury = 33.863 hectopascals = 33.863 millibars

.00 .01 .02 .03 .04 .05 .06 .07 .08 .09
Inches of
Mercury
HECTOPASCALS (or MILLIBARS)

24.9 843.2 843.6 843.9 844.2 844.6 844.9 845.2 845.6 845.9 846.3

25.0 846.6 846.9 847.3 847.6 848.0 848.3 848.6 849.0 849.3 849.6

25.1 850.0 850.3 850.7 851.0 851.3 851.7 852.0 852.4 852.7 853.0

25.2 853.4 853.7 854.0 854.4 854.7 855.1 855.4 855.7 856.1 856.4

25.3 856.8 857.1 857.4 857.8 858.1 858.5 858.8 859.1 859.5 859.8

25.4 860.1 860.5 860.8 861.2 861.5 861.8 862.2 862.5 862.9 863.2

25.5 863.5 863.9 864.2 864.5 864.9 865.2 865.6 865.9 866.2 866.6

25.6 866.9 867.3 867.6 867.9 868.3 868.6 868.9 869.3 869.6 870.0

25.7 870.3 870.6 871.0 871.3 871.7 872.0 872.3 872.7 873.0 873.4

25.8 873.7 874.0 874.4 874.7 875.0 875.4 875.7 876.1 876.4 876.7

25.9 877.1 877.4 877.8 878.1 878.4 878.8 879.1 879.4 879.8 880.1

26.0 880.5 880.8 881.1 881.5 881.8 882.2 882.5 882.8 883.2 883.5

26.1 883.8 884.2 884.5 884.9 885.2 885.5 885.9 886.2 886.6 886.9

26.2 887.2 887.6 887.9 888.3 888.6 888.9 889.3 889.6 889.9 890.3

26.3 890.6 891.0 891.3 891.6 892.0 892.3 892.7 893.0 893.3 893.7

26.4 894.0 894.3 894.7 895.0 895.4 895.7 896.0 896.4 896.7 897.1

26.5 897.4 897.7 898.1 898.4 898.7 899.1 899.4 899.8 900.1 900.4

26.6 900.8 901.1 901.5 901.8 902.1 902.5 902.8 903.2 903.5 903.8

26.7 904.2 904.5 904.8 905.2 905.5 905.9 906.2 906.5 906.9 907.2

26.8 907.6 907.9 908.2 908.6 908.9 909.2 909.6 909.9 910.3 910.6

26.9 910.9 911.3 911.6 912.0 912.3 912.6 913.0 913.3 913.6 914.0

27.0 914.3 914.7 915.0 915.3 915.7 916.0 916.4 916.7 917.0 917.4

27.1 917.7 918.1 918.4 918.7 919.1 919.4 919.7 920.1 920.4 920.8

27.2 921.1 921.4 921.8 922.1 922.5 922.8 923.1 923.5 923.8 924.1

27.3 924.5 924.8 925.2 925.5 925.8 926.2 926.5 926.9 927.2 927.5

27.4 927.9 928.2 928.5 928.9 929.2 929.6 929.9 930.2 930.6 930.9

27.5 931.3 931.6 931.9 932.3 932.6 933.0 933.3 933.6 934.0 934.3

27.6 934.6 935.0 935.3 935.7 936.0 936.3 936.7 937.0 937.4 937.7

27.7 938.0 938.4 938.7 939.0 939.4 939.7 940.1 940.4 940.7 941.1

27.8 941.4 941.8 942.1 942.4 842.8 943.1 943.4 943.8 944.1 944.5

27.9 944.8 945.1 945.5 945.8 946.2 946.5 946.8 947.2 947.5 947.9

28.0 948.2 948.5 948.9 949.2 949.5 949.9 950.2 950.6 950.9 951.2

28.1 951.6 951.9 952.3 952.6 952.9 953.3 953.6 953.9 954.3 954.6

28.2 955.0 955.3 955.6 956.0 956.3 956.7 957.0 957.3 957.7 958.0

28.3 958.3 958.7 959.0 959.4 959.7 960.0 960.4 960.7 961.1 961.4

© JEPPESEN SANDERSON, INC. 2006. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.

12 TABLES AND CODES 24 FEB 06

REFERENCE TABLES
1 inch of mercury = 33.863 hectopascals = 33.863 millibars

.00 .01 .02 .03 .04 .05 .06 .07 .08 .09
Inches of
Mercury
HECTOPASCALS (or MILLIBARS)

28.4 961.7 962.1 962.4 962.8 963.1 963.4 963.8 964.1 964.4 964.8

28.5 965.1 965.5 965.8 966.1 966.5 966.8 967.2 967.5 967.8 968.2

28.6 968.5 968.8 969.2 969.5 969.9 970.2 970.5 970.9 971.2 971.6

28.7 971.9 972.2 972.6 972.9 973.2 973.6 973.9 974.3 974.6 974.9

28.8 975.3 975.6 976.0 976.3 976.6 977.0 977.3 977.7 978.0 978.3

28.9 978.7 979.0 979.3 979.7 980.0 980.4 980.7 981.0 981.4 981.7

29.0 982.1 982.4 982.7 983.1 983.4 983.7 984.1 984.4 984.8 985.1

29.1 985.4 985.8 986.1 986.5 986.8 987.1 987.5 987.8 988.2 988.5

29.2 988.8 989.2 989.5 989.8 990.2 990.5 990.9 991.2 991.5 991.9

29.3 992.2 992.6 992.9 993.2 993.6 993.9 994.2 994.6 994.9 995.3

29.4 995.6 995.9 996.3 996.6 997.0 997.3 997.6 998.0 998.3 998.6

29.5 999.0 999.3 999.7 1000.0 1000.4 1000.7 1001.0 1001.4 1001.7 1002.0

29.6 1002.4 1002.7 1003.1 1003.4 1003.7 1004.1 1004.4 1004.7 1005.1 1005.4

29.7 1005.8 1006.1 1006.4 1006.8 1007.1 1007.5 1007.8 1008.1 1008.5 1008.8

29.8 1009.1 1009.5 1009.8 1010.2 1010.5 1010.8 1011.2 1011.5 1011.9 1012.2

29.9 1012.5 1012.9 1013.2 1013.5 1013.9 1014.2 1014.6 1014.9 1015.2 1015.6

30.0 1015.9 1016.3 1016.6 1016.9 1017.3 1017.6 1018.0 1018.3 1018.6 1019.0

30.1 1019.3 1019.6 1020.0 1020.3 1020.7 1021.0 1021.3 1021.7 1022.0 1022.4

30.2 1022.7 1023.0 1023.4 1023.7 1024.0 1024.4 1024.7 1025.1 1025.4 1025.7

30.3 1026.1 1026.4 1026.8 1027.1 1027.4 1027.8 1028.1 1028.4 1028.8 1029.1

30.4 1029.5 1029.8 1030.1 1030.5 1030.8 1031.2 1031.5 1031.8 1032.2 1032.5

30.5 1032.9 1033.2 1033.5 1033.9 1034.2 1034.5 1034.9 1035.2 1035.6 1035.9

30.6 1036.2 1036.6 1036.9 1037.3 1037.6 1037.9 1038.3 1038.6 1038.9 1039.3

30.7 1039.6 1040.0 1040.3 1040.6 1041.0 1041.3 1041.7 1042.0 1042.3 1042.7

30.8 1043.0 1043.3 1043.7 1044.0 1044.4 1044.7 1045.0 1045.4 1045.7 1046.1

30.9 1046.4 1046.7 1047.1 1047.4 1047.8 1048.1 1048.4 1048.8 1049.1 1049.4

HECTOPASCALS (OR MILLIBARS) TO

INCHES
(1 hectopascal = 1 millibar = 0.02953 inches of mercury)

0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
hPa or
mb INCHES OF MERCURY

710 20.97 21.00 21.03 21.05 21.08 21.11 21.14 21.17 21.20 21.23

720 21.26 21.29 21.32 21.35 21.38 21.41 21.44 21.47 21.50 21.53

730 21.56 21.59 21.62 21.65 21.67 21.70 21.73 21.76 21.79 21.82

740 21.85 21.88 21.91 21.94 21.97 22.00 22.03 22.06 22.09 22.12

© JEPPESEN SANDERSON, INC. 2006. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.

 24 FEB 06 TABLES AND CODES 13

REFERENCE TABLES
(1 hectopascal = 1 millibar = 0.02953 inches of mercury)

0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
hPa or
mb
INCHES OF MERCURY

750 22.15 22.18 22.21 22.24 22.27 22.30 22.32 22.35 22.38 22.41

760 22.44 22.47 22.50 22.53 22.56 22.59 22.62 22.65 22.68 22.71

770 22.74 22.77 22.80 22.83 22.86 22.89 22.92 22.94 22.97 23.00

780 23.03 23.06 23.09 23.12 23.15 23.18 23.21 23.24 23.27 23.30

790 23.33 23.36 23.39 23.42 23.45 23.48 23.51 23.54 23.56 23.59

800 23.62 23.65 23.68 23.71 23.74 23.77 23.80 23.83 23.86 23.89

810 23.92 23.95 23.98 24.01 24.04 24.07 24.10 24.13 24.16 24.19

820 24.21 24.24 24.27 24.30 24.33 24.36 24.39 24.42 24.45 24.48

830 24.51 24.54 24.57 24.60 24.63 24.66 24.69 24.72 24.75 24.78

840 24.81 24.83 24.86 24.89 24.92 24.95 24.98 25.01 25.04 25.07

850 25.10 25.13 25.16 25.19 25.22 25.25 25.28 25.31 25.34 25.37

860 25.40 25.43 25.45 25.48 25.51 25.54 25.57 25.60 25.63 25.66

870 25.69 25.72 25.75 25.78 25.81 25.84 25.87 25.90 25.93 25.96

880 25.99 26.02 26.05 26.07 26.10 26.13 26.16 26.19 26.22 26.25

890 26.28 26.31 26.34 26.37 26.40 26.43 26.46 26.49 26.52 26.55

900 26.58 26.61 26.64 26.67 26.70 26.72 26.75 26.78 26.81 26.84

910 26.87 26.90 26.93 26.96 26.99 27.02 27.05 27.08 27.11 27.14

920 27.17 27.20 27.23 27.26 27.29 27.32 27.34 27.37 27.40 27.43

930 27.46 27.49 27.52 27.55 27.58 27.61 27.64 27.67 27.70 27.73

940 27.76 27.79 27.82 27.85 27.88 27.91 27.94 27.96 27.99 28.02

950 28.05 28.08 28.11 28.14 28.17 28.20 28.23 28.26 28.29 28.32

960 28.35 28.38 28.41 28.44 28.47 28.50 28.53 28.56 28.58 28.61

970 28.64 28.67 28.70 28.73 28.76 28.79 28.82 28.85 28.88 28.91

980 28.94 28.97 29.00 29.03 29.06 29.09 29.12 29.15 29.18 29.21

990 29.23 29.26 29.29 29.32 29.35 29.38 29.41 29.44 29.47 29.50

1000 29.53 29.56 29.59 29.62 29.65 29.68 29.71 29.74 29.77 29.80

1010 29.83 29.85 29.88 29.91 29.94 29.97 30.00 30.03 30.06 30.09

1020 30.12 30.15 30.18 30.21 30.24 30.27 30.30 30.33 30.36 30.39

1030 30.42 30.45 30.47 30.50 30.53 30.56 30.59 30.62 30.65 30.68

1040 30.71 30.74 30.77 30.80 30.83 30.86 30.89 30.92 30.95 30.98

1050 31.01 31.04 31.07 31.10 31.12 31.15 31.18 31.21 31.24 31.27

© JEPPESEN SANDERSON, INC. 2006. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.

14 TABLES AND CODES 24 FEB 06

REFERENCE TABLES
MILLIMETERS TO HECTOPASCALS
(OR MILLIBARS)
(1 millimeter of mercury = 1.3332 hectopascals = 1.3332 millibars)

0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
MM of
Mercury
HECTOPASCALS (or MILLIBARS)

530 706.6 707.9 709.3 710.6 711.9 713.3 714.6 715.9 717.3 718.6

540 719.9 721.3 722.6 723.9 725.3 726.6 727.9 729.3 730.6 731.9

550 733.3 734.6 735.9 737.3 738.6 739.9 741.3 742.6 743.9 745.3

560 746.6 747.9 749.3 750.6 751.9 753.3 754.6 755.9 757.3 758.6

570 759.9 761.3 762.6 763.9 765.3 766.6 767.9 769.3 770.6 771.9

580 773.3 774.6 775.9 777.3 778.6 779.9 781.3 782.6 783.9 785.3

590 786.6 787.9 789.3 790.6 791.9 793.3 794.6 795.9 797.3 798.6

600 799.9 801.3 802.6 803.9 805.3 806.6 807.9 809.3 810.6 811.9

610 813.3 814.6 815.9 817.3 818.6 819.9 821.3 822.6 823.9 825.3

620 826.6 827.9 829.3 830.6 831.9 833.3 834.6 835.9 837.3 838.6

630 839.9 841.3 842.6 843.9 845.2 846.6 847.9 849.3 850.6 851.9

640 853.3 854.6 855.9 857.3 858.6 859.9 861.3 862.6 863.9 865.3

650 866.6 867.9 869.3 870.6 871.9 873.3 874.6 875.9 877.3 878.6

660 879.9 881.3 882.6 883.9 885.3 886.6 887.9 889.3 890.6 891.9

670 893.3 894.6 895.9 897.3 898.6 899.9 901.3 902.6 903.9 905.3

680 906.6 907.9 909.3 910.6 911.9 913.3 914.6 915.9 917.3 918.6

690 919.9 921.3 922.6 923.9 925.3 926.6 927.9 929.3 930.6 931.9

700 933.3 934.6 935.9 937.3 938.6 939.9 941.3 942.6 943.9 945.3

710 946.6 947.9 949.3 950.6 951.9 953.3 954.6 955.9 957.3 958.6

720 959.9 961.3 962.6 963.9 965.3 966.6 967.9 969.3 970.6 971.9

730 973.3 974.6 975.9 977.3 978.6 979.9 981.3 982.6 983.9 985.3

740 986.6 987.9 989.3 990.6 991.9 993.3 994.6 995.9 997.3 998.6

750 999.9 1001.3 1002.6 1003.9 1005.3 1006.6 1007.9 1009.3 1010.6 1011.9

760 1013.3 1014.6 1015.9 1017.2 1018.6 1019.9 1021.2 1022.6 1023.9 1025.2

770 1026.6 1027.9 1029.2 1030.6 1031.9 1033.2 1034.6 1035.9 1037.2 1038.6

780 1039.9 1041.2 1042.6 1043.9 1045.2 1046.6 1047.9 1049.2 1050.6 1051.9

790 1053.2 1054.6 1055.9 1057.2 1058.6 1059.9 1061.2 1062.6 1063.9 1065.2

800 1066.6 1067.9 1069.2 1070.6 1071.9 1073.2 1074.6 1075.9 1077.2 1078.6

© JEPPESEN SANDERSON, INC. 2006. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.

 24 FEB 06 TABLES AND CODES 15

REFERENCE TABLES
CONVERSIONS (1 mps = 1.9438 knots)
METERS PER SECOND TO FEET PER
Meters Knots Meters Knots
MINUTE
p/sec. p/sec.
(mps = 196.85 fpm)
16 31.1 17 33.0
MPS FPM MPS FPM
18 35.0 19 36.9
1 197 1.5 295
20 38.9 21 40.8
2 394 2.5 492
22 42.8 23 44.7
3 591 3.5 689
24 46.6 25 48.6
4 787 4.5 885
26 50.5 27 52.5
5 984 5.5 1082
28 54.4 29 56.4
6 1181 6.5 1279
30 58.3 31 60.3
7 1378 7.5 1476
32 62.2 33 64.1
8 1575 8.5 1673
34 66.1 35 68.0
9 1772 9.5 1870
36 70 37 71.9
10 1969 10.5 2067
38 73.9 39 75.8
11 2165 11.5 2263
40 77.8 41 79.7
12 2362 12.5 2460
42 81.6 43 83.6
13 2559 13.5 2657
44 85.5 45 87.5
14 2756 14.5 2854
46 89.4 47 91.4
15 2953 15.5 3051
48 93.3 49 95.2
16 3150 16.5 3248
50 97.2 51 99.1
17 3346 17.5 3444
52 101.1 53 103.0
18 3543 18.5 3641
54 105.0 55 106.9
19 3740 19.5 3838
56 108.8 57 110.8
20 3937
58 112.7 59 114.7
METERS PER SECOND TO KNOTS 60 116.6 61 118.6
(1 mps = 1.9438 knots) 62 120.5 63 122.5
Meters Knots Meters Knots 64 124.4 65 126.3
p/sec. p/sec.
66 128.3 67 130.2
0 - 1 1.9
68 132.2 69 134.1
2 3.9 3 5.8
70 136.1 71 138.0
4 7.8 5 9.7
72 140.0 73 141.9
6 11.7 7 13.6
74 143.8 75 145.8
8 15.6 9 17.5
76 147.7 77 149.7
10 19.4 11 21.4
78 151.6 79 153.6
12 23.3 13 25.3

14 27.2 15 29.2

© JEPPESEN SANDERSON, INC. 2006. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.

16 TABLES AND CODES 24 FEB 06

REFERENCE TABLES
TEMPERATURES (CELSIUS/FAHRENHEIT)
(CELSIUS/FAHRENHEIT)
°C °F °C °F
°C °F °C °F
26 78.8 27 80.6
-40 -40.0 -39 -38.2
28 82.4 29 84.2
-38 -36.4 -37 -34.6
30 86.0 31 87.8
-36 -32.8 -35 -31.0
32 89.6 33 91.4
-34 -29.2 -33 -27.4
34 93.2 35 95.0
-32 -25.6 -31 -23.8
36 96.8 37 98.6
-30 -22.0 -29 -20.2
38 100.4 39 102.2
-28 -18.4 -27 -16.6
40 104.0 41 105.8
-26 -14.8 -25 -13.0
42 107.6 43 109.4
-24 -11.2 -23 - 9.4
44 111.2 45 113.0
-22 - 7.6 -21 - 5.8
46 114.8 47 116.6
-20 - 4.0 -19 - 2.2
48 118.4 49 120.2
-18 - 0.4 -17 1.4
50 122.0 51 123.8
-16 3.2 -15 5.0
52 125.6 53 127.4
-14 6.8 -13 8.6
54 129.2 55 131.0
-12 10.4 -11 12.2
WEIGHT
-10 14.0 -9 15.8

-8 17.6 -7 19.4 Lbs Kgs Lbs Kgs

-6 21.2 -5 23.0
2.2046 1 .45359
-4 24.8 -3 26.6
4 2 1
-2 28.4 -1 30.2
7 3 1
0 32.0 1 33.8
9 4 2
2 35.6 3 37.4
11 5 2
4 39.2 5 41.0
13 6 3
6 42.8 7 44.6
15 7 3
8 46.4 9 48.2
18 8 4
10 50.0 11 51.8
20 9 4
12 53.6 13 55.4
22 10 4
14 57.2 15 59.0
44 20 9
16 60.8 17 62.6
66 30 14
18 64.4 19 66.2
88 40 18
20 68.0 21 69.8
110 50 23
22 71.6 23 73.4
132 60 27
24 75.2 25 77.0
154 70 32

© JEPPESEN SANDERSON, INC. 2006. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.

 24 FEB 06 TABLES AND CODES 17

REFERENCE TABLES
KILOMETERS
Lbs Kgs Lbs Kgs
to SM to NM

176 80 36 124.27 200 107.99

198 90 41 186.41 300 161.99

220 100 45 248.55 400 215.98

441 200 91 310.69 500 269.98

661 300 136 372.82 600 323.97

882 400 181 434.96 700 377.97

1102 500 227 497.10 800 431.97

1323 600 272 559.23 900 485.96

1543 700 318 621.37 1000 539.96

1764 800 363

STATUTE MILES
1984 900 408
to KM to NM
2205 1000 454
1.6093 1 0.86898
DISTANCES
3.22 2 1.74
KILOMETERS
4.83 3 2.61
to SM to NM
6.44 4 3.48
0.62137 1 0.53996
8.05 5 4.34
1.24 2 1.08
9.66 6 5.21
1.86 3 1.62
11.27 7 6.08
2.49 4 2.16
12.87 8 6.95
3.11 5 2.70
14.48 9 7.82
3.73 6 3.24
16.09 10 8.69
4.35 7 3.78
32.19 20 17.38
4.97 8 4.32
48.28 30 26.07
5.59 9 4.86
64.37 40 34.76
6.21 10 5.40
80.47 50 43.45
12.43 20 10.80
96.56 60 52.14
18.64 30 16.20
112.65 70 60.83
24.85 40 21.60
128.75 80 69.52
31.07 50 27.00
144.84 90 78.20
37.28 60 32.40
160.93 100 86.90
43.50 70 37.80
321.87 200 173.80
49.71 80 43.20
482.30 300 260.69
55.92 90 48.60
643.74 400 347.59
62.14 100 54.00

© JEPPESEN SANDERSON, INC. 2006. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.

18 TABLES AND CODES 24 FEB 06

REFERENCE TABLES
STATUTE MILES NAUTICAL MILES

to KM to NM to KM to SM

804.67 500 434.49 1481.60 800 920.62

965.61 600 521.39 1666.80 900 1035.70

1126.54 700 608.28 1852.00 1000 1150.78

1287.48 800 695.18

METERS to FEET
1448.41 900 782.01

1609.34 1000 868.98 Meters Ft Meters Ft

.3048 1 3.2808
NAUTICAL MILES
1 2 7
to KM to SM
1 3 10
1.8520 1 1.1508
1 4 13
3.70 2 2.30
2 5 16
5.56 3 3.45
2 6 20
7.41 4 4.60
2 7 23
9.26 5 5.75
2 8 26
11.11 6 6.90
3 9 30
12.96 7 8.06
3 10 33
14.82 8 9.21
6 20 66
16.67 9 10.36
9 30 98
18.52 10 11.51
12 40 131
37.04 20 23.02
15 50 164
55.56 30 34.52
18 60 197
74.08 40 46.03
21 70 230
92.60 50 57.54
24 80 262
111.12 60 69.05
27 90 295
129.64 70 80.56
30 100 328
148.16 80 92.06
61 200 656
166.68 90 103.57
91 300 984
185.20 100 115.08
122 400 1312
370.40 200 230.16
152 500 1640
555.60 300 345.23
183 600 1968
740.80 400 460.31
213 700 2296
926.00 500 575.39
244 800 2625
1111.20 600 690.47
274 900 2953
1296.40 700 805.55
305 1000 3281

© JEPPESEN SANDERSON, INC. 2006. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.

 24 FEB 06 TABLES AND CODES 19

REFERENCE TABLES

METERS to YARDS INCHES to MILLIMETERS (mm)

Meters Yds Meters Yds Inches mm Inches mm

.9144 1 1.0936 .03937 1 25.4

2 2 2 .07874 2 50.8

3 3 3 .11811 3 76.2

4 4 4 .15748 4 101.6

5 5 5 .19685 5 127.0

5 6 7 .23622 6 152.4

6 7 8 .27559 7 177.8

7 8 9 .31496 8 203.2

8 9 10 .35433 9 228.6

9 10 11 .3937 10 254.0

18 20 22 .7874 20 508.0

27 30 33 1.1811 30 762.0

36 40 44 1.5748 40 1016.0

46 50 55 1.9685 50 1270.0

55 60 66 2.3622 60 1524.0

64 70 77 2.7559 70 1778.0

73 80 88 3.1496 80 2032.0

82 90 99 3.5433 90 2286.0

91 100 110 3.9370 100 2540.0

183 200 219 7.8140 200 5080.0

274 300 329 11.8110 300 7620.0

366 400 438 15.7480 400 10160.0

457 500 548 19.6850 500 12700.0

549 600 658 23.6220 600 15240.0

640 700 767 27.5590 700 17780.0

732 800 877 31.4960 800 20320.0

823 900 987 35.4330 900 22860.0

914 1000 1096 39.3701 1000 25400.0

© JEPPESEN SANDERSON, INC. 2006. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.

20 TABLES AND CODES 24 FEB 06

REFERENCE TABLES
VOLUME
U.S.
U.S. Gal Liter Liter
Gal
U.S. Imp U.S.
Imp Gal
Gal Gal Gal
1 4 15
.83267 1 1.2010
1 5 19
2 2 2
2 6 23
2 3 4
2 7 26
3 4 5
2 8 30
4 5 6
2 9 34
5 6 7
3 10 38
6 7 8
5 20 76
7 8 10
8 30 114
7 9 11
11 40 151
8 10 12
13 50 189
17 20 24
16 60 227
25 30 36
18 70 265
33 40 48
21 80 303
42 50 60
24 90 341
50 60 72
26 100 378
58 70 84
53 200 757
67 80 96
79 300 1136
75 90 108
106 400 1514
83 100 120
132 500 1893
167 200 240
158 600 2271
250 300 360
185 700 2650
333 400 480
211 800 3028
416 500 600
238 900 3407
500 600 721
264 1000 3785
583 700 841

666 800 961 Imp

Imp Gal Liter Liter
Gal
750 900 1081

833 1000 1201 .21997 1 4.5460

.4 2 9
U.S. .7 3 14
U.S. Gal Liter Liter
Gal
.9 4 18
.26418 1 3.7853
1 5 23
1 2 8
1 6 27
1 3 11
2 7 32

© JEPPESEN SANDERSON, INC. 2006. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.

 24 FEB 06 TABLES AND CODES 21

REFERENCE TABLES

Imp OIL VOLUME/WEIGHT

Imp Gal Liter Liter
Gal (approximate according to Temp)

2 8 36 U.S. U.S.
Lbs Lbs
Gal Gal
2 9 41
1.3 10 75
2 10 45
3 20 150
4 20 91
4 30 225
7 30 136
5 40 300
9 40 182
7 50 375
11 50 227
8 60 450
13 60 273
9 70 525
15 70 318
11 80 600
18 80 364
12 90 675
20 90 409
13 100 750
22 100 455
27 200 1500
44 200 909
40 300 2250
66 300 1364
53 400 3000
88 400 1818
67 500 3750
110 500 2273
80 600 4500
132 600 2728
93 700 5250
154 700 3182
107 800 6000
176 800 3637
120 900 6750
198 900 4091
133 1000 7500
220 1000 4546

OIL VOLUME/WEIGHT
OIL VOLUME/WEIGHT
(approximate according to Temp)
(approximate according to Temp)

Liter Lbs Liter Lbs

U.S. U.S.
Lbs Lbs
Gal Gal
.50471 1 1.9813
.13333 1 7.5000
1.0 2 4
.3 2 15
1.5 3 6
.4 3 22
2.0 4 8
.5 4 30
2.5 5 10
.7 5 38
3.0 6 12
.8 6 45
3.5 7 14
.9 7 52
4.0 8 16
1.1 8 60
4.5 9 18
1.2 9 68

© JEPPESEN SANDERSON, INC. 2006. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.

22 TABLES AND CODES 24 FEB 06

REFERENCE TABLES
OIL VOLUME/WEIGHT OIL VOLUME/WEIGHT
(approximate according to Temp) (approximate according to Temp)

Liter Lbs Liter Lbs Liter Kg Liter Kg

5.0 10 20 11 10 9

10 20 40 22 20 18

15 30 59 33 30 27

20 40 79 44 40 36

25 50 99 56 50 45

30 60 119 67 60 54

35 70 139 78 70 63

40 80 158 89 80 72

45 90 178 100 90 81

50 100 198 111 100 90

101 200 396 222 200 180

151 300 594 334 300 270

202 400 792 445 400 360

252 500 991 556 500 449

303 600 1189 668 600 539

353 700 1387 779 700 629

404 800 1585 890 800 719

454 900 1783 1001 900 809

505 1000 1981 1113 1000 899

OIL VOLUME/WEIGHT TURBINE FUEL VOLUME/WEIGHT

(approximate according to Temp) (up to 5 pounds variation per 100 gallons due
to fuel grade and temperature)

Liter Kg Liter Kg
Liter Lbs Liter Lbs

1.1127 1 .89871
0.57 1 1.8
2 2 2
1.1 2 3.6
3 3 3
1.7 3 5.4
4 4 4
2.3 4 7.2
6 5 5
2.8 5 9.0
7 6 5
3.4 6 11
8 7 6
4 7 13
9 8 7
4.5 8 14
10 9 8
5.1 9 16

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 24 FEB 06 TABLES AND CODES 23

REFERENCE TABLES
TURBINE FUEL VOLUME/WEIGHT TURBINE FUEL VOLUME/WEIGHT
(up to 5 pounds variation per 100 gallons due (up to 5 pounds variation per 100 gallons due
to fuel grade and temperature) to fuel grade and temperature)

U.S. U.S.
Liter Lbs Liter Lbs Lbs Lbs
Gal Gal

5.7 10 18 1.35 9 60

11 20 36 1.5 10 67

17 30 54 3 20 130

23 40 72 4.5 30 200

28 50 90 6 40 270

34 60 110 7.5 50 330

40 70 130 9 60 400

45 80 140 10.5 70 470

51 90 160 12 80 530

57 100 180 13.5 90 600

110 200 360 15 100 670

170 300 540 30 200 1300

230 400 720 45 300 2000

280 500 900 60 400 2700

340 600 1100 75 500 3300

400 700 1300 90 600 4000

450 800 1400 105 700 4700

510 900 1600 120 800 5300

570 1000 1800 135 900 6000

150 1000 6700

TURBINE FUEL VOLUME/WEIGHT
(up to 5 pounds variation per 100 gallons due TURBINE FUEL VOLUME/WEIGHT
to fuel grade and temperature)
(up to 5 pounds variation per 100 gallons due
to fuel grade and temperature)
U.S. U.S.
Lbs Lbs
Gal Gal
Liter Kg Liter Kg
0.15 1 6.7

.3 2 13 1.25 1 .8

.45 3 20 2.5 2 1.6

.6 4 27 3.8 3 2.4

.75 5 33 5.0 4 3.2

.9 6 40 6.2 5 4.0

1.05 7 47 7.5 6 4.8

1.2 8 53 8.8 7 5.6

© JEPPESEN SANDERSON, INC. 2006. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.

24 TABLES AND CODES 24 FEB 06

REFERENCE TABLES
TURBINE FUEL VOLUME/WEIGHT AVIATION GAS VOLUME/WEIGHT
(up to 5 pounds variation per 100 gallons due (approximate according to temperature)
to fuel grade and temperature)
Gal Lbs Gal Lbs
Liter Kg Liter Kg

1.3 8 48
10 8 6.4
1.5 9 54
11 9 7.2
1.7 10 60
12 10 8
3 20 120
25 20 16
5 30 180
38 30 24
7 40 240
50 40 32
8 50 300
62 50 40
10 60 360
75 60 48
12 70 420
88 70 56
13 80 480
100 80 64
15 90 540
110 90 72
17 100 600
120 100 80
33 200 1200
250 200 160
50 300 1800
380 300 240
67 400 2400
500 400 320
83 500 3000
620 500 400
100 600 3600
750 600 480
117 700 4200
880 700 560
133 800 4800
1000 800 640
150 900 5400
1100 900 720
167 1000 6000
1200 1000 800

AVIATION GAS VOLUME/WEIGHT

AVIATION GAS VOLUME/WEIGHT (approximate according to temperature)
(approximate according to temperature)
Liter Lbs Liter Lbs
Gal Lbs Gal Lbs

.631 1 1.58
.167 1 6.00
1 2 3
.3 2 12
2 3 5
.5 3 18
2 4 6
.7 4 24
3 5 8
.8 5 30
4 6 10
1.0 6 36
4 7 11
1.2 7 42

© JEPPESEN SANDERSON, INC. 2006. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.

 5 MAY 06 TABLES AND CODES 25

REFERENCE TABLES
AVIATION GAS VOLUME/WEIGHT AVIATION GAS VOLUME WEIGHT
(approximate according to temperature) (approximate according to temperature)

Liter Lbs Liter Lbs Liter Kg Liter Kg

5 8 13 11 8 6

6 9 14 12 9 6

6 10 16 14 10 7

13 20 32 28 20 14

19 30 48 42 30 22

25 40 63 56 40 29

32 50 79 70 50 36

38 60 95 83 60 43

44 70 111 97 70 50

50 80 127 111 80 58

57 90 143 125 90 65

63 100 158 139 100 72

126 200 317 278 200 144

189 300 476 417 300 216

252 400 634 556 400 288

315 500 793 695 500 359

378 600 951 834 600 431

442 700 1110 974 700 503

505 800 1268 1113 800 575

568 900 1427 1252 900 647

631 1000 1585 1391 1000 719

AVIATION GAS VOLUME WEIGHT

(approximate according to temperature)

Liter Kg Liter Kg

1.39 1 .719

3 2 1

4 3 2

6 4 3

7 5 4

8 6 4

10 7 5

© JEPPESEN SANDERSON, INC. 2006. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.

26 TABLES AND CODES 5 MAY 06

REFERENCE TABLES
ALTIMETER CORRECTIONS TEMPERATURE CORRECTION

Extracted from ICAO Document 8186; Vol I; Part Requirement for Temperature Correction
VI; Chapter 3 – ALTIMETER SETTING PROCE
DURES. The calculated minimum safe altitudes/heights must
be adjusted when the ambient temperature on the
NOTE: This chapter deals with altimeter corrections surface is much lower than that predicted by the
for pressure, temperature and, where appropriate, standard atmosphere. In such conditions, an approx
wind and terrain effects. The pilot is responsible for imate correction is 4 per cent height increase for ev
these corrections except when under radar vector ery 10° C below standard temperature as measured
ing. In that case, the radar controller shall issue at the altimeter setting source. This is safe for all al
clearances such that the prescribed obstacle clear timeter setting source altitudes for temperatures
ance will exist at all times, taking the cold tempera above -15°.
ture correction into account.
Tabulated Corrections
PRESSURE CORRECTION For colder temperatures, a more accurate correction
should be obtained from Tables 1 and 2 below.
Flight Levels These tables are calculated for a sea level aero
drome. They are therefore conservative when ap
When flying at levels with the altimeter set to 1013.2
plied at higher aerodromes.
hPa, the minimum safe altitude must be corrected for
deviations in pressure when the pressure is lower NOTE 1: The corrections have been rounded up to
than the standard atmosphere (1013 hPa). An ap the next 5m or 10 ft increment.
propriate correction is 10m (30 ft) per hPa below
1013 hPa. Alternatively, the correction can be ob NOTE 2: Temperature values from the reporting sta
tained from standard correction graphs or tables tion (normally the aerodrome) nearest to the position
supplied by the operator. of the aircraft should be used.

QNH/QFE
When using the QNH or QFE altimeter setting (giv
ing altitude or height above QFE datum respective
ly), a pressure correction is not required.

Table 1 – Values to be added by the pilot to minimum promulgated heights/altitudes (m)

Aerodrome Height above the elevation of the altimeter setting source (metres)
Temperature
(°C) 60 90 120 150 180 210 240 270 300 450 600 900 1200 1500

0 5 5 10 10 10 15 15 15 20 25 35 50 70 85

-10 10 10 15 15 25 20 25 30 30 45 60 90 120 150

-20 10 15 20 25 25 30 35 40 45 65 85 130 170 215

-30 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 55 60 85 115 170 230 285

-40 15 25 30 40 45 50 60 65 75 110 145 220 290 365

-50 20 30 40 45 55 65 75 80 90 135 180 270 360 450

Table 2 – Values to be added by the pilot to minimum promulgated heights/altitudes (ft)

Aerodrome Height above the elevation of the altimeter setting source (feet)
Temperature
(°C) 200 300 400 500 600 700 800 900 1000 1500 2000 3000 4000 5000

0 20 20 30 30 40 40 50 50 60 90 120 170 230 280

-10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 150 200 290 390 490

-20 30 50 60 70 90 100 120 130 140 210 280 420 570 710

-30 40 60 80 100 120 140 150 170 190 280 380 570 760 950

-40 50 80 100 120 150 170 190 220 240 360 480 720 970 1210

-50 60 90 120 150 180 210 240 270 300 450 590 890 1190 1500

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 24 FEB 06 TABLES AND CODES 31

NOTAMS
INTRODUCTION nautical Information Publications and provide a fast
NOTAMS

medium for disseminating information at a short no-

NOTAMs promulgating significant information tice. The following format and codes are used in dis-
changes are disseminated from locations all over the seminating NOTAMs.
world. NOTAMs are intended to supplement Aero-
TYPICAL NOTAM — IN THE SYSTEM NOTAM FORMAT

FORMAT EXPLANATION OF SYSTEM NOTAM

NOTAMN — New NOTAM

NOTAMR — Replaces a previous NOTAM

NOTAMC — Cancels a NOTAM

NOTAMS — SNOWTAM (see page 43)

NOTAM format item Q is divided into eight separate qualifier fields.

a. FIR — ICAO location indicator plus “XX” if applicable to more than one FIR.

b. NOTAM CODE — For NOTAM code decode see page 33. If the subject of the NOTAM (second and third
letter of NOTAM code) is not in the NOTAM Code , the following letters should be used to reference the
subject category.

QAGXX = AGA QCOXX = COM QRCXX = RAC QXXXX = Other

c. TRAFFIC — I = IFR

V = VFR

IV = IFR/VFR

d. PURPOSE — N = Selected for the immediate attention of aircraft operators.

B = Selected for preflight information bulletins.

O = Operationally significant for IFR flights.

M = Miscellaneous.

© JEPPESEN SANDERSON, INC. 1992, 2006. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.

32 TABLES AND CODES 24 FEB 06

NOTAMS
e. SCOPE — A = Aerodrome

E = Enroute

W = Navigational warning

f. LOWER — Used when applicable to indicate lower limits of the affected area. Default value of 000 is
used when limit is not defined.

g. UPPER — Used when applicable to indicate upper limit of the affected area. Default value of 999 is used
when limit is not defined.

h. COORDINATES RADIUS — Latitude and longitude present approximate center of a circle whose radius
encompasses the whole area of influence.

NOTAM format items A thru G provide information on location, times, changes and limits.

A) ICAO location indicator of aerodrome or FIR.

B) Ten figure date-time group indicating when the NOTAM comes into force.

C) Ten figure date-time group or PERM indicating the duration of the NOTAM. If the duration of the
NOTAM is uncertain, the approximate duration must be indicated using the date-time group
followed by EST.

D) Specified periods for changes being reported, otherwise omitted.

E) Decoded NOTAM code in plain language. ICAO abbreviations may be used where appropriate.

F) These items are normally applicable to navigational warnings or airspace restrictions clearly
} indicating reference datum and units of measurement. Item F provides the lower limit and item G
G) provides the upper limit.

SOME STATES ARE STILL PROMULGATING

CLASS I NOTAMS IN THE PREVIOUS FORMAT.
PREVIOUS NOTAM FORMAT AND EXPLANATION

A) ICAO location indicator of aerodrome or FIR.

B) Eight figure date-time group, WIE (with immediate effect), or WEF (with effect from) indicating
when the NOTAM comes into force.

C) Eight figure date-time group, PERM, or UFN (until further notice) indicating the duration of the
NOTAM. If the duration of the NOTAM is UFN, the approximate duration of the information should
also be indicated.

D) Specified periods for changes being reported, otherwise omitted.

© JEPPESEN SANDERSON, INC. 1992, 2006. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.

 24 FEB 06 TABLES AND CODES 33

NOTAMS

E) NOTAM code (see page 33 for decode), abbreviated plain language or both.

F)
These items are normally applicable to navigational warnings or airspace restrictions clearly
}
indicating reference datum and units of measurement.
G)

NOTAM CODE
SECOND AND THIRD LETTERS
SECOND AND THIRD LETTERS (Q__ __)

UNIFORM ABBREVIATED
CODE SIGNIFICATION
PHRASEOLOGY

AGA

Lighting facilities (L)

LA Approach light system (specify runway and type) als

LB Aerodrome beacon abn

LC Runway centerline lights (specify runway) rcll

LD Landing direction indicator lights ldi lgt

LE Runway edge lights (specify runway) redl

LF Sequenced flashing lights (specify runway) sequenced flg lgt

LH High intensity runway lights (specify runway) high intst rwy lgt

LI Runway end identifier lights (specify runway) rwy end id lgt

LJ Runway alignment indicator lights (specify runway) rai lgt

LK Category II components of approach lighting system (specify cat II components als

runway)

LL Low intensity runway lights (specify runway) low intst rwy lgt

LM Medium intensity runway lights (specify runway) medium intst rwy lgt

LP Precision approach path indicator (PAPI) (specify runway) papi

LR All landing area lighting facilities ldg area lgt fac

LS Stopway lights (specify runway) stwl

LT Threshold lights (specify runway) thr lgt

LU Helicopter approach path indicator hapi

LV Visual approach slope indicator system (specify type and vasis

runway)

LW Heliport lighting heliport lgt

LX Taxiway centerline lights (specify taxiway) twy cl lgt

LY Taxiway edge lights (specify taxiway) twy edge lgt

LZ Runway touchdown zone lights (specify runway) rtzl

AGA

Movement and landing area (M)

MA Movement area mov area

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34 TABLES AND CODES 24 FEB 06

NOTAMS
SECOND AND THIRD LETTERS (Q__ __)

UNIFORM ABBREVIATED
CODE SIGNIFICATION
PHRASEOLOGY

MB Bearing strength (specify part of landing area or movement bearing strength

area)

MC Clearway (specify runway) cwy

MD Declared distances (specify runway) declared dist

MG Taxiing guidance system tgs

MH Runway arresting gear (specify runway) rag

MK Parking area prkg area

MM Daylight markings (specify threshold, centerline, etc.) day markings

MN Apron apron

MP Aircraft stands (specify) acft stand

MR Runway (specify runway) rwy

MS Stopway (specify runway) swy

MT Threshold (specify runway) thr

MU Runway turning bay (specify runway) rwy turning bay

MW Strip (specify runway) strip

MX Taxiway(s) (specify) twy

AGA

Facilities and services (F)

FA Aerodrome ad

FB Friction Measuring Device (specify type) friction measuring device

FC Ceiling measurement equipment ceiling measurement eqpt

FD Docking system (specify AGNIS, BOLDS, etc.) dckg system

FE Oxygen (specify type) oxygen

FF Fire fighting and rescue fire and rescue

FG Ground movement control gnd mov ctl

FH Helicopter alighting area/platform hel alighting area

FJ Oils (specify type) oil

FL Landing direction indicator ldi

FM Meteorological service (specify type) met

FO Fog dispersal system fg dispersal

FP Heliport heliport

FS Snow removal equipment sn removal eqpt

FT Transmissometer (specify runway and, where applicable, transmissometer

designator(s) of transmissometer(s))

FU Fuel availability fuel avbl

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 24 FEB 06 TABLES AND CODES 35

NOTAMS
SECOND AND THIRD LETTERS (Q__ __)

UNIFORM ABBREVIATED
CODE SIGNIFICATION
PHRASEOLOGY

FW Wind direction indicator wdi

FZ Customs cust

COM

Communication and radar facilities (C)

CA Air/ground facility (specify service and frequency) a/g fac

CD Controller-pilot datalink communications and automatic cpdlc/ads

dependent surveillance

CE Enroute surveillance radar rsr

CG Ground controlled approach system (GCA) gca

CL Selective calling system (SELCAL) selcal

CM Surface movement radar smr

CP Precision approach radar (PAR) (specify runway) par

CR Surveillance radar element of precision approach radar sre

system (specify wavelength)

CS Secondary surveillance radar (SSR) ssr

CT Terminal area surveillance radar tar

COM

Instrument and microwave landing systems (I)

IC Instrument landing system (ILS) (specify runway) ils

ID DME associated with ILS ils dme

IG Glide path (ILS) (specify runway) ils gp

II Inner marker (ILS) (specify runway) ils im

IL Localizer (ILS) (specify runway) ils llz

IM Middle marker (ILS)(specify runway) ils mm

IN Localizer (not associated with ILS) llz

IO Outer marker (ILS) (specify runway) ils om

IS ILS Category I (specify runway) ils cat I

IT ILS Category II (specify runway) ils cat II

IU ILS Category III (specify runway) ils cat III

IW Microwave landing system (specify runway) mls

IX Locator, outer (ILS) (specify runway) ils lo

IY Locator, middle (ILS) (specify runway) ils lm

COM

Terminal and enroute navigation facilities (N)

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36 TABLES AND CODES 24 FEB 06

NOTAMS
SECOND AND THIRD LETTERS (Q__ __)

UNIFORM ABBREVIATED
CODE SIGNIFICATION
PHRASEOLOGY

NA All radio navigation facilities (except. . .) all rdo nav fac

NB Non-directional radio beacon ndb

NC DECCA decca

ND Distance measuring equipment (DME) dme

NF Fan marker fan mkr

NL Locator (specify identification) l

NM VOR/DME vor/dme

NN TACAN tacan

NO OMEGA omega

NT VORTAC vortac

NV VOR vor

NX Direction finding station (specify type and frequency) df

RAC

Airspace organization (A)

AA Minimum altitude (specify enroute/crossing/safe) mnm alt

AC Control zone (CTR) ctr

AD Air defense identification zone (ADIZ) adiz

AE Control area (CTA) cta

AF Flight information region fir

AH Upper control area uta

AL Minimum usable flight level mnm usable fl

AN Area navigation route rnav route

AO Oceanic control area oca

AP Reporting point (specify name or coded designator) rep

AR ATS route (specify) ats rte

AT Terminal control area (TMA) tma

AU Upper flight information region (UIR) uir

AV Upper advisory area (UDA) uda

AX Intersection int

AZ Aerodrome traffic zone atz

RAC

Air traffic and VOLMET services (S)

SA Automatic terminal information service (ATIS) atis

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 24 FEB 06 TABLES AND CODES 37

NOTAMS
SECOND AND THIRD LETTERS (Q__ __)

UNIFORM ABBREVIATED
CODE SIGNIFICATION
PHRASEOLOGY

SB ATS reporting office aro

SC Area control center acc

SE Flight information service fis

SF Aerodrome flight information service afis

SL Flow control center flow ctl center

SO Oceanic area control center oac

SP Approach control service app

SS Flight service station fss

ST Aerodrome control tower twr

SU Upper area control center uac

SV VOLMET Broadcast volmet

SY Upper advisory service (specify) upper advisory ser

RAC

Air traffic procedures (P)

PA Standard instrument arrival (specify route designator) star

PB Standard VFR arrival std vfr arr

PD Standard instrument departure (SID) (specify route designator) sid

PF Flow control procedure flow ctl proc

PH Holding procedure hldg proc

PI Instrument approach procedure (specify type and runway) inst apch proc

PK VFR approach procedure vfr apch proc

PM Aerodrome operating minima (specify procedure and amended opr minima

minimum)

PO Obstacle clearance altitude (specify procedure) oca

PP Obstacle clearance height (specify procedure) och

PR Radio failure procedure rdo failure proc

PT Transition altitude ta

PU Missed approach procedure (specify runway) missed apch proc

PX Minimum holding altitude (specify fix) mnm hldg alt

PZ ADIZ procedure adiz proc

Navigation warnings

Airspace restrictions (R)

RA Airspace reservation (specify) airspace reservation

RD Danger area (specify national prefix and number) ..d..

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38 TABLES AND CODES 24 FEB 06

NOTAMS
SECOND AND THIRD LETTERS (Q__ __)

UNIFORM ABBREVIATED
CODE SIGNIFICATION
PHRASEOLOGY

RM Military operating area moa

RO Overflying of . . . (specify) overflying

RP Prohibited area (specify national prefix and number) ..p..

RR Restricted area (specify national prefix and number) ..r..

RT Temporary restricted area (specify area) tempo restricted area

Navigation warnings

Warnings (W)

WA Air display air display

WB Aerobatics aerobatics

WC Captive balloon or kite captive balloon/kite

WD Demolition of explosives demolition of explosives

WE Exercises (specify) exer

WF Air refuelling air refuelling

WG Glider flying gld fly

WJ Banner/target towing banner/target towing

WL Ascent of free balloon ascent of free balloon

WM Missile, gun or rocket firing missile/gun/rocket frng

WP Parachute jumping exercise pje

WR Radioactive materials or toxic chemicals (specify) radioactive materials/toxic

chemicals

WS Burning or blowing gas burning/blowing gas

WT Mass movement of aircraft mass mov of acft

WV Formation flight formation flt

WW Significant volcanic activity significant volcanic act

WZ Model flying model fly

Other information (O)

OA Aeronautical information service ais

OB Obstacle (specify details) obst

OE Aircraft entry requirements acft entry rqmnts

OL Obstacle lights on . . . (specify) obst lgt

OR Rescue co-ordination center rcc

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 24 FEB 06 TABLES AND CODES 39

NOTAMS
FOURTH AND FIFTH LETTERS
FOURTH AND FIFTH LETTERS

UNIFORM ABBREVIATED
CODE SIGNIFICATION
PHRASEOLOGY

Availability (A)

AC Withdrawn for maintenance withdrawn maint

AD Available for daylight operation avbl day ops

AF Flight checked and found reliable fltck okay

AG Operating but ground checked only, awaiting flight check opr but gnd ck only, awaiting flt ck

AH Hours of service are now . . . (specify) hr ser

AK Resumed normal operation okay

AL Operative (or reoperative) subject to previously published opr subj previous cond
limitations/conditions

AM Military operations only mil ops only

AN Available for night operation avbl ngt ops

AO Operational opr

AP Available, prior permission required avbl ppr

AR Available on request avbl o/r

AS Unserviceable u/s

AU Not available (specify reason if appropriate) not avbl

AW Completely withdrawn withdrawn

AX Previously promulgated shutdown has been cancelled promulgated shutdown cnl

Changes (C)

CA Activated act

CC Completed cmpl

CD Deactivated deactivated

CE Erected erected

CF Operating frequency(ies) changed to opr freq changed to

CG Downgraded to downgraded to

CH Changed changed

CI Identification or radio call sign changed to ident/rdo call sign changed to

CL Realigned realigned

CM Displaced displaced

CN Cancelled cnl

CO Operating opr

CP Operating on reduced power opr reduced pwr

CR Temporarily replaced by tempo rplcd by

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40 TABLES AND CODES 24 FEB 06

NOTAMS
FOURTH AND FIFTH LETTERS

UNIFORM ABBREVIATED
CODE SIGNIFICATION
PHRASEOLOGY

CS Installed instl

CT On test, do not use on test, do not use

Hazard conditions (H)

HA Braking action is. . .

1. Poor
2. Medium/Poor
3. Poor
4. Medium/Good
5. Good ba is . . .

HB Friction coefficient is. . . (specify friction measuring device friction coefficient is

used)

HC Covered by compacted snow to a depth of cov compacted sn depth

HD Covered by dry snow to a depth of cov dry sn depth

HE Covered by water to a depth of cov water depth

HF Totally free of snow and ice free of sn and ice

HG Grass cutting in progress grass cutting inpr

HH Hazard due to (specify) hazard due

HI Covered by ice cov ice

HJ Launch planned. . .(specify balloon flight identification or launch plan

project code name, launch site, planned period of
launch(es) - date/time, expected climb direction,
estimated time to pass 18,000m (60,000 ft), or reaching
cruise level if at or below 18,000m (60,000 ft), together
with estimated location)

HK Bird migration in progress (specify direction) bird migration inpr

HL Snow clearance completed snow clr cmpl

HM Marked by marked by

HN Covered by wet snow or slush to a depth of cov wet sn/slush depth

HO Obscured by snow obscured by sn

HP Snow clearance in progress snow clr inpr

HQ Operation cancelled. . .(specify balloon flight identification opr cnl

or project code name)

HR Standing water standing water

HS Sanding in progress sanding inpr

HT Approach according to signal area only apch according signal area only

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 24 FEB 06 TABLES AND CODES 41

NOTAMS
FOURTH AND FIFTH LETTERS

UNIFORM ABBREVIATED
CODE SIGNIFICATION
PHRASEOLOGY

HU Launch in progress. . .(specify balloon flight identification launch inpr

or project code name, launch site, date/time of launch(es),
estimated time passing 18,000m (60,000 ft), or reaching
cruising level if at or below 18,000m (60,000 ft), together
with estimated location, estimated date/time of
termination of the flight and planned location of ground
contact, when applicable)

HV Work completed work cmpl

HW Work in progress wip

HX Concentration of birds bird concentration

HY Snow banks exist (specify height) sn banks hgt

HZ Covered by frozen ruts and ridges cov frozen ruts and ridges

Limitations (L)

LA Operating on auxiliary power supply opr aux pwr

LB Reserved for aircraft based therein reserved for acft based therein

LC Closed clsd

LD Unsafe unsafe

LE Operating without auxiliary power supply opr aux wo pwr

LF Interference from interference fm

LG Operating without identification opr wo ident

LH Unserviceable for aircraft heavier than u/s acft heavier than

LI Closed to IFR operations clsd ifr ops

LK Operating a a fixed light opr as f lgt. . .

LL Usable for length of. .and width of. . usable len/wid. . .

LN Closed to all night operations clsed to all ngt ops

LP Prohibited to prohibited to

LR Aircraft restricted to runways and taxiways acft restricted to rwy and twy

LS Subject to interruption subj intrp

LT Limited to ltd to

LV Closed to VFR operations clsd vfr ops

LW Will take place will take place

LX Operating but caution advised due to opr but caution advised due to

Other (XX)

XX Where 4th and 5th letter code does not cover the situation (plain language following the NOTAM
use XX and supplement by plain language Code)

© JEPPESEN SANDERSON, INC. 1989, 2006. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.

 24 FEB 06 TABLES AND CODES 43

SNOWTAM
Extracted from ICAO Annex 15 — AERONAUTICAL INFORMATION SERVICES
SNOWTAM

ORIGINATION AND DISTRIBUTION made preferably by use of the SNOWTAM format, or

the NOTAM Code and plain language.
Notification of the presence or removal or significant
Information concerning snow, ice and standing water
changes in hazardous conditions due to snow,
on aerodrome pavements shall, when reported by
slush, ice or water on the movement area is to be means of a SNOWTAM, contain information in the
order shown in the following SNOWTAM Format.
SNOWTAM FORMAT

© JEPPESEN SANDERSON, INC. 1993, 2006. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.

44 TABLES AND CODES 24 FEB 06

SNOWTAM
GUIDANCE FOR THE COMPLETION MMYGGgg = date/time of
OF THE SNOWTAM FORMAT observation/measurement,
whereby:
GENERAL
– MM =
a. When reporting on two or three runways, repeat
Items C to P inclusive. month; e.g., January = 01, December = 12
b. Items together with their indicator must be – YY =
dropped completely, where no information is to day of the month
be included.
– GGgg =
c. Metric units must be used and the unit of mea­
time in hours (GG) and minutes (gg) UTC;
surement not reported.
d. The maximum validity of SNOWTAM is 24 hours.
New SNOWTAM must be issued whenever there (BBB) = optional group for: correction to
is a significant change in conditions. The follow­ SNOWTAM message previously
ing changes relating to runway conditions are disseminated with the same
considered as significant: serial number = COR.
1. a change in the coefficient of friction of about
0.05; NOTE: Brackets in (BBB) are used to indicate
that this group is optional.
2. changes in depth of deposit greater than the
following: EXAMPLE: Abbreviated heading of SNOWTAM
– 20mm for dry snow; No. 149 from Zurich, measurement/observation
of 7 November at 0620 UTC:
– 10mm for wet snow;
– 3mm for slush;
SWLS0149 LSZH 1107 0620
3. a change in the available length or width of a
runway of 10 per cent or more; – Item A
4. any change in the type of deposit or extent of Aerodrome location indicator (four-letter location
coverage which requires reclassification in indicator).
Items F or T of the SNOWTAM;
– Item B
5. when critical snow banks exist on one or both Eight-figure date/time group – giving time of ob­
sides of the runway, any change in the height
servation as month, day, hour and minutes in
or distance from centerline;
UTC; this item must always be completed.
6. any change in the conspicuity of runway
– Item C
lighting caused by obscuring of the lights;
Lower runway designator number.
7. any other conditions known to be significant
according to experience or local circum­ – Item D
stances. Cleared runway length in metres, if less than
e. The abbreviated heading “TTAAiiii CCCC published length (see Item T on reporting on part
MMYYGGgg (BBB)” is included to facilitate the of runway not cleared).
automatic processing of SNOWTAM messages – Item E
in computer data banks. The explanation of Cleared runway width in meters, if less than pub­
these symbols is: lished width; if offset left or right of center line
add “L” or “R” as viewed from the threshold hav­
TT = data designator for SNOWTAM = ing the lower runway designation number.
SW;
– Item F
AA = geographical designator for Deposit over total runway length as explained in
States; e.g., LF = France, EG = SNOWTAM Format. Suitable combinations of
United Kingdom; these numbers may be used to indicate varying
conditions over runway segments. If more than
iiii = SNOWTAM serial number in a one deposit is present on the same portion of the
four-figure group; runway, they should be reported in sequence
from the top to the bottom. Drifts, depths of de­
CCCC = four-letter location indicator of the posit appreciably greater than the average val­
aerodrome to which the ues or other significant characteristics of the de­
SNOWTAM refers; posits may be reported under ITEM T in plain
language.
– Item G
Mean depth in millimeters deposit for each third
of total runway length, or “XX” if not measurable
or operationally not significant; the assessment
to be made to an accuracy of 20mm for dry
snow, 10mm for wet snow and 3mm for slush.

© JEPPESEN SANDERSON, INC. 1993, 2006. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.

 24 FEB 06 TABLES AND CODES 45

SNOWTAM
– Item H runway (if appropriate) in accordance with the
following scale:
Friction measurements on each third of the run­
way and friction measuring device. Measured or 10% — if less than 10% of runway contaminated
calculated coefficient (two digits) or, if not avail­ 25% — if 11-25% of runway contaminated
able, estimated surface friction (single digit) in
50% — if 26-50% of runway contaminated
the order from the threshold having the lower
runway designation number. Insert a code 9 100% — if 51-100% of runway contaminated.
when surface conditions or available friction
measuring device do not permit a reliable sur­ EXAMPLE OF COMPLETED
face friction measurement to be made. Use the SNOWTAM FORMAT
following abbreviations to indicate the type of
friction measuring device used: GG EHAMZQZX EDDFZQZX EKCHZQZX
BRD — Brakemeter-Dynometer 070645 LSZHYNYX
GRT — Grip Tester SWLS0149 LSZH 11070620
MUM — Mu-meter SNOWTAM 0149
RFT — Runway friction tester A) LSZH B) 11070620 C) 02 D) . . . P)
SFH — Surface friction tester (high pressure tire) C) 09 D) . . . P)
SFL — Surface friction tester (low pressure tire) C) 12 D) . . . P)
SKH — Skiddometer (high pressure tire)
R) NO S) 11070920 T) DEICING.
SKL — Skiddometer (low pressure tire)
TAP — Tapley meter DEFINITIONS OF THE VARIOUS
If other equipment used specify in plain lan­
TYPES OF SNOW
guage.
– Item J SLUSH — Water-saturated snow which with a
heel-and-toe slap-down motion against the ground
Critical Snowbanks: If present insert height in
will be displaced with a splatter; specific gravity: 0.5
centimeters and distance from edge of runway in
up to 0.8.
metres, followed by left (“L”) or right (“R”) side or
both sides (“LR”), as viewed from the threshold NOTE: Combinations of ice, snow and/or standing
having the lower runway designation number. water may, especially when rain, rain and snow, or
– Item K snow is falling, produce substances with specific
If runway lights are obscured insert “YES” fol­ gravities in excess of 0.8. These substances, due to
lowed by “L”, “R” or both “LR” as viewed from the their high water/ice content, will have a transparent
threshold having the lower runway designation rather than a cloudy appearance and, at the higher
number. specific gravities, will be readily distinguishable from
slush.
– Item L
When further clearance will be undertaken, enter SNOW (on the ground) —
length and width of runway or “TOTAL” if runway a. Dry Snow: Snow which can be blown if loose or,
will be cleared to full dimensions. if compacted by hand, will fall apart again upon
– Item M release; specific gravity: up to but not including
0.35.
Enter the anticipated time of completion in UTC.
b. Wet Snow: Snow which, if compacted by hand,
– Item N
will stick together and tend to or form a snowball;
The code for Item F may be used to describe specific gravity: 0.35 up to but not including 0.5.
taxiway conditions; enter “NO” if no taxiways
c. Compacted Snow: Snow which has been com­
serving the associated runway are available.
pressed into a solid mass that resists further
– Item P compression and will hold together or break up
If applicable, enter “YES” followed by the lateral into lumps if picked up; specific gravity: 0.5 and
distance in metres. over.
– Item R
The code for Item F may be used to describe
apron conditions; enter “NO” if apron unusable.
– Item S
Enter the anticipated time of next observa­
tion/measurement in UTC.
– Item T
Describe in plain language any operationally sig­
nificant information but always report on length
of uncleared runway (Item D) and extent of run­
way contamination (Item F) for each third of the

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 24 FEB 06 TABLES AND CODES 51

STANDARD TIME SIGNALS

STANDARD TIME SIGNALS
nized standard. The National Institute of Standards
INTRODUCTION and Technology (NIST) provides this standard for
most users in the United States.
Precise time and frequency information is needed by
radio and air traffic control systems, participants in Broadcast services include radio signals from NIST
radio stations WWV, WWVH, and WWVB; the
space exploration computer networks, scientists
GOES satellites, and LoranC. Services are also
monitoring data of all kinds, and navigators of ships
available using telephone voice and data lines.
and planes. These users need to compare their own
timing equipment to a reliable, internationally recog-

SUMMARY OF RADIO BROADCAST SERVICES

Characteristics WWV WWVH WWVB

Services:

Date Service March 1923 November 1948 July 1956

Began

Geographical 40 40 49.0 N 105 02 27.0 W 21 59 26.0 N 159 46 00.0 W40 40 40 28.3 N 105
Coordinates 02 39.5 W

Standard Carrier 2.5 20 MHz 5, 10, 15 MHz 2.5 MHz 5, 10, 15 MHz 60 kHz
Frequencies

Power 2500 W 10,000 W 5000 W 10,000 W 60 KW

Standard Audio 440 (A above middle C), 500 600 Hz

Frequencies

Time Intervals seconds, 10 sec, minutes, hour

Time Signals: Voice Once per minute

Time Signals: Code BCD code on 100Hz subcarrier, 1 pulse/s

UT1 Corrections UT1 corrections are broadcast with an accuracy of +/0.1 s

Special Geoalerts, Marine Storm Warnings, Global Positioning System

Announcements Status Reports

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52 TABLES AND CODES 24 FEB 06

STANDARD TIME SIGNALS

THE HOURLY BROADCAST SCHEDULES OF WWV

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 24 FEB 06 TABLES AND CODES 53

STANDARD TIME SIGNALS

THE HOURLY BROADCAST SCHEDULES OF WWVH

SHORTWAVE SERVICES — WWV ular frequency being used, atmospheric and iono­
spheric propagation conditions, and the type of re­
AND WWVH ceiving equipment used, at least one frequency
NIST operates two high frequency (shortwave) radio should be usable at all times. As a general rule, fre­
stations, WWV and WWVH. WWV is in Ft. Collins, quencies above 10 MHz work best in the daytime,
Colorado, and WWVH is in Kauai, Hawaii. Both sta­ and the lower frequencies work best at night.
tions broadcast continuous time and frequency sig­
nals on 2.5, 5, 10, and 15 MHz. WWV also broad­
casts on 20 MHz. All frequencies provide the same
information. Although radio reception conditions in
the high frequency band vary greatly with factors
such as location, time of year, time of day, the partic­

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54 TABLES AND CODES 24 FEB 06

STANDARD TIME SIGNALS

Services provided by WWV and WWVH include:
Time announcements Standard time intervals Stan­
dard frequencies UT1 time corrections BCD time
code Geophysical alerts Marine storm warnings
Global Positioning System (GPS) status reports
ACCURACY AND STABILITY
WWV and WWVH are referred to the primary NIST
Frequency Standard and related NIST atomic time
scales in Boulder, Colorado. The frequencies as
transmitted are maintained within a few parts in 1013
for frequency and <100 ns for timing with respect to
UTC (NIST). However, the received accuracy is far
less due to various propagation effects.
TIME ANNOUNCEMENTS
Voice announcements are made from WWV and
WWVH once every minute. Since both stations can
be heard in some locations, a man’s voice is used on
WWV, and a woman’s voice is used on WWVH to re­
duce confusion. The WWVH announcement occurs
first, at about 15 s before the minute. The WWV an­
nouncement follows at about 7.5 s before the
minute. Though the announcements occur at differ­
ent times, the tone markers are transmitted at the
exact same time from both stations. However, they
may not be received at exactly the same instant due
to differences in the propagation delays from the two
station sites.
The announced time is “Coordinated Universal
Time” (UTC).
UTC differs from your local time by a specific num­
ber of hours. The number of hours depends on the
number of time zones between your location and the
location of the zero meridian (which passes through
Greenwich, England). When local time changes
from Daylight Saving to Standard Time, or vice ver­
sa, UTC does not change. However, the difference
between UTC and local time does change — by 1
hour. Use the chart of world time zones to find out
how many hours to add to or subtract from UTC to
obtain your local standard time. If DST is in effect at
your location, subtract 1 hour less in the U.S. than
shown on the chart.
UTC is a 24 hour clock system. The hours are num­
bered beginning with 00 hours at midnight through
12 hours at noon to 23 hours and 59 minutes just
before the next midnight.

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 24 FEB 06 TABLES AND CODES 55

STANDARD TIME SIGNALS

STANDARD TIME ZONES OF THE WORLD AND THEIR RELATIONSHIP TO UTC

STANDARD TIME INTERVALS tected zone around each seconds pulse is shown
below.
The most frequent sounds heard on WWV and
WWVH are the seconds pulses. These pulses are
heard every second except on the 29th and 59th
seconds of each minute. The first pulse of each hour
is an 800ms pulse of 1500 Hz. The first pulse of
each minute is an 800ms pulse of 1000 Hz at WWV
and 1200 Hz at WWVH. The remaining seconds
pulses are short audio bursts (5ms pulses of 1000
Hz at WWV and 1200 Hz at WWVH) that sound like
the ticking of a clock.
Each seconds pulse is preceded by 10 ms of silence
and followed by 25 ms of silence. The silence makes
it easier to pick out the pulse. The total 40ms pro­

© JEPPESEN SANDERSON, INC. 2006. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.

56 TABLES AND CODES 24 FEB 06

STANDARD TIME SIGNALS

FORMAT OF WWV AND WWVH SECONDS PULSES

STANDARD AUDIO FREQUENCIES Each time code frame begins with a unique spacing
of pulses that mark the start of a new minute. During
In alternate minutes during most of each hour, the first second of the minute, no pulse is transmit­
500Hz or 600Hz audio tones are broadcast. A ted. Since the pulses are already delayed 30 ms by
440Hz tone (the musical note A above middle C) is the tone suppression, the UTC minute actually be­
broadcast once each hour. In addition to being a mu­ gins 1030 ms (1.03 s) earlier than the first pulse in
sical standard, the 440 Hz tone provides an hourly the frame. For synchronization purposes, position
marker for chart recorders and other automated de­ markers lasting for 770 ms are transmitted every 10
vices. The 440Hz tone is omitted, however, during s.
the first hour of each UTC day.
A leap second indicator is transmitted at second 3. If
SILENT PERIODS this bit is high, it indicates that a leap second will be
added to UTC at the end of the current month. The
The silent periods are without tone modulation. bit is set to 1 near the start of the month in which a
However, the carrier frequency, seconds pulses, leap second is added. It is set to 0 immediately after
time announcements, and the 100Hz BCD time the leap second insertion.
code continue during the silent periods. In general,
one station will not broadcast an audio tone while UT1 corrections are broadcast during the final 10 s
the other station is broadcasting a voice message. of each frame. The bit transmitted at second 50
shows if UT1 is positive or negative with respect to
On WWV, the silent period extends from 43 to 52 af­ UTC. If a 1 is sent, the UT1 correction is positive. If a
ter the hour. WWVH has two silent periods; from 8 to 0 is sent, the UT1 correction is negative. Bits 56, 57,
11 minutes after the hour, and from 14 to 20 minutes and 58 form a three-bit BCD group that shows the
after the hour. Minutes 29 and 59 on WWV and min­ magnitude of the correction. Since the unit for the
utes 00 and 30 on WWVH are also silent. UT1 correction is 0.1 s, multiply the BCD group by
BCD TIME CODE 0.1 to obtain the correct value. Since only three bits
are used, the WWV and WWVH time codes can only
WWV and WWVH continuously broadcast a binary transmit UT1 corrections ranging from -0.7 to +0.7 s.
coded decimal (BCD) time code on a 100Hz subcar­ Daylight saving time (DST) and standard time (ST)
rier. The time code provides UTC information in seri­ information is transmitted at seconds 2 and 55.
al fashion at a rate of 1 bit per second. The informa­ When ST is in effect, bits 2 and 55 are set to 0.
tion carried by the time code includes the current When DST is in effect, bits 2 and 55 are set to 1. On
minute, hour, and day of the year. The time code the day of a change from ST to DST bit 55 changes
also contains the 100Hz frequency from the subcar­ from 0 to 1 at 0000 UTC, and bit 2 changes from 0 to
rier. The 100Hz frequency may be used as a stan­ 1 exactly 24 hours later. On the day of a change
dard with the same accuracy as the audio frequen­ from DST back to ST bit 55 changes from 1 to 0 at
cies. 0000 UTC, and bit 2 changes from 1 to 0 exactly 24
WWV and WWVH require 1 minute to send their hours later.
time code. The time code frame contains the minute,
hour, day of year, the last two digits of the current
year, the UT1 correction, a leap second indicator,
and information about daylight and standard time.
Two BCD groups are used to express the hour (00 to
23), minute (00 to 59), and year (00 to 99); and three
groups are used to express the day of year (001 to
366). The information in the time code refers to the
time at the start of the one-minute frame. Seconds
are determined by counting pulses within the frame.

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 24 FEB 06 TABLES AND CODES 57

STANDARD TIME SIGNALS

The year information is transmitted in two different Geophysical Alerts—
parts of the time code. The last digit of the year is Current geophysical alerts (Geoalerts) are broad­
sent using bits 4 through 7. The next to last digit of cast in voice from WWV at 18 minutes after the hour
the year, or the decade indicator, is sent using bits and from WWVH at 45 minutes after the hour. The
51 through 54. For example, for the year 2001, bits 4 messages are less than 45 s in length and are up­
through 7 will return a decimal value of 1, and bits 51 dated every 3 hours (typically at 0000, 0300, 0600,
through 54 will return a decimal value of 0. 0900, 1200, 1500, 1800, and 2100 UTC). Hourly up­
UT1 TIME CORRECTIONS dates are made when necessary.

The UTC time scale broadcast by WWV and WWVH SECTION INFORMATION IN VOICE MESSAGE
meets the needs of most users. UTC runs at an al­
most perfectly constant rate, since its rate is based 1 The solar-terrestrial indices for the
on cesium atomic frequency standards. Somewhat day: specifically the solar flux, the A
surprisingly, some users need time less stable than index, and the K index.
UTC but related to the rotation of the Earth. Applica­
tions such as celestial navigation, satellite observa­ 2 Space weather storms observed
tions of the Earth, and some types of surveying re­ during the previous 24 hours. Includes
quire time referenced to the rotational position of the all observed geomagnetic storms,
Earth. These users rely on the UT1 time scale. UT1 solar radiation storms (proton events)
is derived by astronomers who monitor the speed of and Radio blackouts (class M1 and
the Earth’s rotation. greater flares).
You can obtain UT1 time by applying a correction to
the UTC time signals broadcast from WWV and 3 Space weather expected during the
WWVH. UT1 time corrections are included in the following 24 hours.
WWV and WWVH broadcasts at two levels of accu­
racy. First, for those users only needing UT1 to with­ Marine Storm Warnings—
in 1 s, occasional corrections of exactly 1 s are in­ Both WWV and WWVH broadcast marine storm
serted into the UTC time scale. These corrections, warnings for the ocean areas where the United
called leap seconds, keep UTC within +/0.9 s of States has warning responsibility for under interna­
UT1. Leap seconds are coordinated under interna­ tional agreement. These brief voice messages warn
tional agreement by the International Earth Rotation mariners of storm threats present in their areas, and
Service in Paris, France. Leap seconds can be ei­ contain information provided by the National Weath­
ther positive or negative, but so far, only positive er Service. Atlantic high seas warnings are broad­
leap seconds have been needed. A positive leap cast by WWV at 8 and 9 minutes after the hour and
second is normally added every 1 or 2 years, usually an eastern North Pacific high seas warning is broad­
on June 30 or December 31. cast at 10 minutes after the hour. WWVH broadcasts
The second level of correction is for the small num­ eastern and central North Pacific high seas warn­
ber of users needing UT1 accurate to within 0.1 s. ings at 48, 49, 50 and 51 minutes after the hour. Ad­
These corrections are encoded into the broadcasts ditional segments (at 11 minutes after the hour on
by using doubled ticks during the first 16 s of each WWV and at 52 minutes after the hour on WWVH)
minute. The amount of correction (in tenths of 1 s) is are used when conditions are particularly bad.
determined by counting the number of successive The storm warnings are based on the most recent
doubled ticks heard each minute. The sign of the forecasts. Updated forecasts are issued by the Na­
correction depends on whether the doubled ticks are tional Weather Service at 0500, 1100, 1700, and
in the first 8 s of the minute or in the second 8 s. If 2300 UTC for WWV; and at 0000, 0600, 1200, and
the doubled ticks are in the first 8 s (18) the sign is 1800 UTC for WWVH.
positive, and if they are in the second 8 s (916) the
sign is negative. For example, if ticks 1, 2, and 3 are A typical storm warning announcement test is as fol­
doubled, the correction is “plus” 0.3 s. This means lows:
that UT1 equals UTC + 0.3 s. If UTC is 8:45:17, then “North Atlantic weather West of 35 West at 1700
UT1 is 8:45:17.3. If ticks 9, 10, 11, and 12 are dou­ UTC; Hurricane Donna, intensifying, 24 North, 60
bled, the correction is “minus” 0.4 s. If UTC is West, moving northwest, 20 knots, winds 75 knots;
8:45:17, then UT1 is 8:45:16.6. An absence of dou­ storm, 65 North, 35 West, moving east, 10 knots;
bled ticks indicates that the current correction is 0. winds 50 knots, seas 15 feet.”
OFFICIAL ANNOUNCEMENTS
Announcement segments 45 s long are available by
subscription to other Federal agencies. These seg­
ments are used for public service messages. The
accuracy and content of these messages is the re­
sponsibility of the originating agency.
For information about the availability of these seg­
ments, contact the NIST Time and Frequency Divi­
sion. The announcements that are currently part of
the program schedule are described below.

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58 TABLES AND CODES 24 FEB 06

STANDARD TIME SIGNALS

Global Positioning System (GPS) Status ACCURACY AND STABILITY
Announcements— NIST maintains the time and frequency standards at
The U.S. Coast Guard has sponsored two voice an­ the WWVB site as closely as possible. The transmit­
nouncements per hour on WWV and WWVH, giving ted frequency of WWVB is maintained within a few
current status information about the GPS satellites parts in 1013 and time at the station site is kept with­
and related operations. The 45 s announcements in 100 ns of UTC (NIST). Propagation effects are mi­
begin at 14 and 15 minutes after each hour on WWV nor compared to those of WWV and WWVH. When
and at 43 and 44 minutes after each hour on proper receiving and averaging techniques are
WWVH. used, the received accuracy of WWVB should be
nearly as good as the transmitted accuracy.
WWV AND WWVH AUDIO SIGNALS BY
TELEPHONE STATION IDENTIFICATION
The audio portions of the WWV and WWVH broad­ WWVB identifies itself by advancing its carrier phase
casts can also be heard by telephone. The time sig­ 45° at 10 minutes after the hour and returning to nor­
nals are usually delayed by <30 ms from a landline mal phase at 15 minutes after the hour. WWVB is
in the continental United States, and the stability also identified by its unique time code.
(delay variations) are generally <1 ms during the WWVB TIME CODE
call. If you are calling from a mobile phone, the delay
is often more than 100 ms due to the multiple access The WWVB time code is synchronized with the
methods used to share cell channels. And if you are 60kHz carrier and is broadcast continuously at a rate
making an overseas call, your call could be routed of 1 bit per second using pulsewidth modulation.
through a communications satellite, which might add Each pulse is generated by reducing the carrier
250 to 500 ms to the delay. power 10 dB at the start of each second. If full power
To hear these broadcasts, dial (303) 499-7111 for is restored 200 ms later, it represents a 0 bit. If full
WWV, and (808) 335-4363 for WWVH. Callers are power is restored 500 ms later, it represents a 1 bit.
disconnected after about 2 minutes. These are not If full power is restored 800 ms later, it represents a
toll free numbers; callers outside the local calling reference marker or a position identifier.
area are charged for the call at regular long distance WWVB requires one minute to send its time code.
rates. The time code frame contains the current minute,
hour, day of year, the last two digits of the current
LOW FREQUENCY SERVICES — year, the UT1 correction, leap year and leap second
WWVB indicators, and information about daylight and stan­
dard time.
Radio station WWVB is located on the WWV site
near FT. Collins, Colorado. WWVB continuously GOES SATELLITE TIME SERVICES
broadcasts time and frequency signals at 60 kHz,
NIST and NOAA (National Oceanic and Atmosphere
primarily for the continental United States. WWVB
Administration) have announced that the GOES
does not broadcast voice announcements, but pro­
Time Code Service ended on January 1, 2005. Ex­
vides standard time information, including the year;
isting GOES Time Code receivers will no longer be
time intervals; Daylight Saving Time, leap second,
able to synchronize after that date, since the time
and leap year indicators; and UT1 corrections by
code will then be removed from the broadcast. This
means of a BCD time code. In addition, the 60kHz
decision has been jointly made by NIST and NOAA
carrier frequency provides an accurate frequency
in response to the fact that nearly all users requiring
standard which is referenced to the NIST Frequency
time more accurate than 1 millisecond now use the
Standard.
Global Positioning System (GPS), and as a result,
MEASURED FIELD INTENSITY CONTOURS OF commercial sources for GOES timing receivers have
WWVB AT 13KW EFFECTIVE RADIATED POWER not existed for several years.
For questions or more information contact Michael
Lombardi at [email protected].
AUTOMATED COMPUTER TIME SERVICE
(ACTS)
The Automated Computer Time service (ACTS),
provides computers with telephone access to NIST
time at accuracies approaching 1 ms.

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 24 FEB 06 TABLES AND CODES 59

STANDARD TIME SIGNALS

ACTS only works with analog modems that use ordi­
nary telephone lines. Digital modems, such as Digi­
tal Subscriber Line (DSL), cable and wireless mo­
dems, cannot synchronize using ACTS. For
computers with Internet access, the Internet Time
Service (ITS) should be used to synchronize to
NIST. For information about ITS contact Judah Le­
vine [email protected].
Using ACTS requires only a computer, a modem,
and some simple software. When a computer con­
nects to ACTS by telephone, it receives an ASCII
time code. The information in the time code is then
used to set the computer’s clock.

Phone number Location

(303) 494-4774 Colorado

(808) 335-4721 Hawaii

ACTS works at speeds up to 9600 baud with 8 data

bits, 1 stop bit, and no parity. To receive the full time
code, you must connect at a speed of at least 1200
baud. The full time code is transmitted every second
and contains more information than the 300 baud
time code, which is transmitted every 2 seconds.

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 24 FEB 06 TABLES AND CODES 61

RADIO TIME SIGNALS

GENERAL INFORMATION duration of each short pip is 100 milliseconds and
RADIO TIME SIGNALS

that of the long pip is 500 milliseconds.

Five short pips, from second 55 to second 59, fol- All times are in UTC; signals will be one hour earlier
lowed by a lengthened pip, the start of which marks during summer period.
the minute to an accuracy of +/- 1/20 second. The

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 24 FEB 06 TABLES AND CODES 101

SUNRISE AND SUNSET TABLES

INTRODUCTION
SUNRISE AND SUNSET TABLES

The tables supplied on the following pages provide

an easy means to determine the sunrise and sunset
for most any position on the globe.
To obtain the Universal Coordinated Time (UTC) of
the sunrise or sunset at a particular place, the longi­
tude must be converted to time (by means of the
Longitude to Time Table) and applied (east longitude
subtract, west add) to the Local Mean Time (LMT) at
0° longitude from the Sunrise and Sunset Tables.
Listings beginning towards the end of the Sunrise
and Sunset Tables contain the Local to UTC Conver­
sion Factors, preselected for your convenience, for
many cities throughout the world.
UTC = LMT East (or + West) Longitude to Time Fac­
tor

EXAMPLE 1:
– Find the UTC for the sunrise at Denver, Colo­
rado, USA on 1 October.
Denver is located at 40N and 105W (rounded to
nearest degree).
From the Sunrise and Sunset Tables, find the
LMT for the sunrise at 0° longitude, 40° N, on 2
October (nearest day).
It is 05:56.
From the Longitude To Time Table, find the Lon­
gitude to Time Factor for 105° longitude.
It is 07:00.
Since the longitude for Denver is west, add 07:00
hours to 05:56 hours to obtain the UTC for the
sunrise:
05:56 + 07:00 = 12:56 UTC.

EXAMPLE 2:
– Find the UTC for the sunset at Frankfurt, Germa­
ny on 1 October.
Frankfurt is located at 50N and 009E (rounded to
nearest degree).
From the Sunrise and Sunset Tables, find the
LMT for the sunset at 0° longitude, 50° N, on 2
October (nearest day).
It is 17:38.
From the Longitude To Time Table, find the Lon­
gitude to Time Factor for 009° longitude.
It is 00:36.
Since the longitude for Frankfurt is east, subtract
00:36 hours from 17:38 hours to obtain the UTC
for the sunset:
17:38 00:36 = 17:02 UTC.
Local time is determined by adding or subtracting
the LT conversion factor for the state. These factors
are listed in the Jeppesen Airport Directory.
Many states adopt “summer” or “daylight” time for
several months of the year. Consult the Chart NOTA-
Ms section of the Jeppesen Airway Manual for dates
and conversion factors for any particular state.

© JEPPESEN SANDERSON, INC., 1996, 2006. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.

102 TABLES AND CODES 24 FEB 06

SUNRISE AND SUNSET TABLES

LONGITUDE TO TIME
Degree (° ) to Hours (h) and Minutes (m)

° h m ° h m ° h m ° h m ° h m ° h m

0 0 00 30 2 00 60 4 00 90 6 00 120 8 00 150 10 00

1 0 04 31 2 04 61 4 04 91 6 04 121 8 04 151 10 04

2 0 08 32 2 08 62 4 08 92 6 08 122 8 08 152 10 08

3 0 12 33 2 12 63 4 12 93 6 12 123 8 12 153 10 12

4 0 16 34 2 16 64 4 16 94 6 16 124 8 16 154 10 16

5 0 20 35 2 20 65 4 20 95 6 20 125 8 20 155 10 20

6 0 24 36 2 24 66 4 24 96 6 24 126 8 24 156 10 24

7 0 28 37 2 28 67 4 28 97 6 28 127 8 28 157 10 28

8 0 32 38 2 32 68 4 32 98 6 32 128 8 32 158 10 32

9 0 36 39 2 36 69 4 36 99 6 36 129 8 36 159 10 36

10 0 40 40 2 40 70 4 40 100 6 40 130 8 40 160 10 40

11 0 44 41 2 44 71 4 44 101 6 44 131 8 44 161 10 44

12 0 48 42 2 48 72 4 48 102 6 48 132 8 48 162 10 48

13 0 52 43 2 52 73 4 52 103 6 52 133 8 52 163 10 52

14 0 56 44 2 56 74 4 56 104 6 56 134 8 56 164 10 56

15 1 00 45 3 00 75 5 00 105 7 00 135 9 00 165 11 00

16 1 04 46 3 04 76 5 04 106 7 04 136 9 04 166 11 04

17 1 08 47 3 08 77 5 08 107 7 08 137 9 08 167 11 08

18 1 12 48 3 12 78 5 12 108 7 12 138 9 12 168 11 12

19 1 16 49 3 16 79 5 16 109 7 16 139 9 16 169 11 16

20 1 20 50 3 20 80 5 20 110 7 20 140 9 20 170 11 20

21 1 24 51 3 24 81 5 24 111 7 24 141 9 24 171 11 24

22 1 28 52 3 28 82 5 28 112 7 28 142 9 28 172 11 28

23 1 32 53 3 32 83 5 32 113 7 32 143 9 32 173 11 32

24 1 36 54 3 36 84 5 36 114 7 36 144 9 36 174 11 36

25 1 40 55 3 40 85 5 40 115 7 40 145 9 40 175 11 40

26 1 44 56 3 44 86 5 44 116 7 44 146 9 44 176 11 44

27 1 48 57 3 48 87 5 48 117 7 48 147 9 48 177 11 48

28 1 52 58 3 52 88 5 52 118 7 52 148 9 52 178 11 52

29 1 56 59 3 56 89 5 56 119 7 56 149 9 56 179 11 56

180 12 00

© JEPPESEN SANDERSON, INC., 1996, 2006. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.

 24 FEB 06 TABLES AND CODES 103

SUNRISE AND SUNSET TABLES

✩ Sun remains continuously above the horizon ★ Sun remains continuously below the horizon

SUNRISE

January

LAT 2 5 8 11 14 17 20 23 26 29

° hm h m h m h m h m h m h m h m h m h m

N 72 ★ ★ ★ ★ ★ ★ ★ ★ 12 04 11 03

70 ★ ★ ★ ★ ★ 12 05 11 11 10 46 10 25 10 06

68 ★ 11 34 11 13 10 56 10 41 10 27 10 13 09 59 09 46 09 33

66 10 27 10 21 10 14 10 06 09 58 09 49 09 39 29 09 19 09 09

64 09 49 09 45 09 41 09 35 29 22 09 15 09 07 08 59 08 50

62 22 20 09 16 09 12 09 07 09 02 08 56 08 49 43 35

N 60 09 02 09 00 08 58 08 54 08 50 08 46 08 40 08 35 08 29 08 22

58 08 45 08 44 42 39 36 32 27 22 17 11

56 31 30 28 26 23 20 16 12 08 07 08 02

54 19 18 17 15 12 09 08 06 08 02 07 58 07 53

52 08 08 08 07 08 06 08 05 08 02 08 00 07 57 07 54 50 46

N 50 07 58 07 58 07 57 07 56 07 54 07 52 07 49 07 46 07 42 07 39

45 38 38 38 37 36 34 32 30 27 24

40 22 22 22 22 21 20 18 16 14 12

35 07 08 07 08 07 08 07 08 07 08 07 07 07 06 07 05 07 03 07 01

30 06 56 06 57 06 57 06 57 06 57 06 56 06 56 06 55 06 54 06 52

N 20 06 35 06 36 06 37 06 37 06 38 06 38 06 38 06 38 06 37 06 37

N 10 17 18 19 20 21 22 22 22 23 23

0 06 00 06 02 06 03 06 04 06 05 06 06 06 07 06 08 06 09 06 10

S 10 05 43 05 44 05 46 05 48 05 49 05 51 05 52 05 54 05 55 05 56

20 24 26 28 30 32 34 36 38 40 42

S 30 05 03 05 05 05 07 05 10 05 12 05 15 05 17 05 20 05 23 05 25

35 04 50 04 52 04 55 04 57 05 00 05 03 05 06 05 09 13 16

40 35 38 41 44 04 47 04 50 04 54 04 57 05 01 05 04

45 04 18 04 21 24 27 31 35 39 43 04 47 04 51

50 03 56 03 59 04 03 04 07 11 15 20 25 30 35

S 52 03 45 03 49 03 52 03 57 04 01 04 06 04 11 04 17 04 22 04 28

54 33 37 41 46 03 51 03 56 04 01 04 07 13 19

56 19 22 28 33 38 44 03 50 03 57 04 03 04 10

58 03 03 03 08 03 13 03 18 24 31 37 44 03 52 03 59

S 60 02 44 02 49 02 54 03 00 03 07 03 15 03 22 03 30 03 38 03 46

© JEPPESEN SANDERSON, INC., 1996, 2006. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.

104 TABLES AND CODES 24 FEB 06

SUNRISE AND SUNSET TABLES

✩ Sun remains continuously above the horizon ★ Sun remains continuously below the horizon

SUNSET

January

LAT 2 5 8 11 14 17 20 23 26 29

° h m h m h m h m h m h m h m h m h m hm

N 72 ★ ★ ★ ★ ★ ★ ★ ★ 12 25 13 24

70 ★ ★ ★ ★ ★ 12 21 13 11 13 39 14 01 14 21

68 ★ 12 36 13 00 13 20 13 37 13 54 14 09 14 25 14 39 14 54

66 13 41 13 49 13 59 14 09 14 20 14 32 14 43 14 55 15 06 15 18

64 14 19 14 25 14 32 14 40 14 49 14 58 15 07 15 17 27 36

62 14 45 14 50 14 57 15 03 15 10 15 18 26 35 43 15 52

N 60 15 06 15 10 15 16 15 22 15 28 15 35 15 42 15 49 15 57 16 05

58 22 27 32 37 43 15 49 15 55 16 02 16 09 15

56 37 41 45 15 50 15 55 16 01 16 06 12 19 25

54 15 49 15 53 15 57 16 01 16 06 11 16 22 28 34

52 16 00 16 03 16 07 11 16 20 25 30 36 41

N 50 16 09 16 13 16 16 16 20 16 24 16 29 16 33 16 38 16 43 16 48

45 29 32 35 39 42 16 46 16 50 16 54 16 58 17 03

40 16 46 16 48 16 51 16 54 16 57 17 01 17 04 17 08 17 11 15

35 17 00 17 02 17 04 17 07 17 10 13 16 19 22 25

30 12 14 16 19 21 24 26 29 32 34

N 20 17 32 17 34 17 36 17 38 17 40 17 42 17 44 17 46 17 48 17 50

N 10 17 50 17 52 17 54 17 55 17 57 17 58 18 00 18 01 18 02 18 04

0 18 07 18 09 18 10 18 11 18 12 18 14 14 15 16 17

S 10 25 26 27 28 29 29 29 30 30 30

20 18 43 18 44 18 45 18 45 18 46 18 46 18 46 18 45 18 45 18 44

S 30 19 05 19 05 19 06 19 06 19 05 19 05 19 04 19 03 19 02 19 00

35 17 18 18 18 17 16 15 14 12 10

40 32 32 32 31 30 29 28 26 24 21

45 19 50 19 49 19 49 19 48 19 46 19 45 19 42 40 37 34

50 20 12 20 11 20 10 20 08 20 06 20 04 20 01 19 58 19 54 50

S 52 20 22 20 21 20 20 20 18 20 16 20 13 20 09 20 06 20 02 19 57

54 34 33 31 29 26 23 19 15 11 20 06

56 20 48 20 46 44 41 38 35 30 26 21 15

58 21 04 21 02 20 59 20 56 20 52 20 48 43 38 32 26

S 60 21 23 21 21 21 18 21 14 21 09 21 04 20 58 20 52 20 45 20 38

© JEPPESEN SANDERSON, INC., 1996, 2006. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.

 24 FEB 06 TABLES AND CODES 105

SUNRISE AND SUNSET TABLES

✩ Sun remains continuously above the horizon ★ Sun remains continuously below the horizon

SUNRISE

February

LAT 1 4 7 10 13 16 19 22 25 28

° hm h m h m h m h m h m h m h m h m h m

N 72 10 33 10 09 09 48 09 28 09 10 08 52 08 35 08 18 08 02 07 46

70 09 49 09 33 09 17 09 02 08 47 32 18 08 04 07 49 35

68 09 20 09 08 08 55 08 42 30 17 08 04 07 52 39 27

66 08 59 08 48 37 26 16 08 05 07 53 42 31 20

64 42 32 23 14 08 04 07 54 44 34 24 14

62 27 19 11 08 03 07 54 45 36 27 18 08

N 60 08 15 08 08 08 01 07 53 07 45 07 37 07 29 07 21 07 12 07 03

58 08 05 07 59 07 52 45 38 31 23 15 08 07 00

56 07 56 50 44 38 32 25 18 11 03 06 56

54 48 43 37 32 26 19 13 06 07 00 53

52 41 36 31 26 20 15 09 07 02 06 56 50

N 50 07 35 07 30 07 25 07 21 07 15 07 10 07 05 06 59 06 53 06 47

45 21 17 13 09 07 05 07 01 06 56 51 46 41

40 07 09 07 06 07 03 07 00 06 56 06 53 49 45 40 36

35 06 59 06 57 06 55 06 52 49 46 43 39 35 32

30 51 49 47 45 42 40 37 34 31 28

N 20 06 36 06 35 06 33 06 32 06 31 06 29 06 27 06 25 06 23 06 21

N 10 23 22 22 21 21 20 19 18 16 15

0 06 10 06 10 06 11 11 11 11 11 10 10 09

S 10 05 57 05 58 05 59 06 00 06 01 06 02 06 02 06 03 06 03 06 03

20 44 45 47 05 49 05 50 05 52 05 53 05 55 05 56 05 57

S 30 05 28 05 31 05 33 05 36 05 38 05 41 05 43 05 45 05 47 05 50

35 19 22 25 28 31 34 37 40 43 45

40 05 08 12 16 19 23 26 30 34 37 40

45 04 56 05 00 05 05 05 09 13 18 22 26 30 35

50 40 04 46 04 51 04 56 05 02 07 12 17 23 28

S 52 04 33 04 39 04 45 04 50 04 56 05 02 05 08 05 13 05 19 05 25

54 25 31 38 44 50 04 57 05 03 09 15 21

56 16 23 30 37 44 50 04 57 05 04 10 17

58 04 06 14 21 29 36 43 51 04 58 05 13

S 60 03 54 04 03 04 11 04 19 04 28 04 36 04 44 04 52 05 00 05 08

© JEPPESEN SANDERSON, INC., 1996, 2006. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.

106 TABLES AND CODES 24 FEB 06

SUNRISE AND SUNSET TABLES

✩ Sun remains continuously above the horizon ★ Sun remains continuously below the horizon

SUNSET

February

LAT 1 4 7 10 13 16 19 22 25 28

° h m h m h m h m h m h m h m h m h m hm

N 72 13 55 14 20 14 42 15 02 15 20 15 38 15 55 16 11 16 26 16 41

70 14 39 14 56 15 12 28 15 43 15 58 16 12 25 39 16 52

68 15 08 15 21 35 15 48 16 00 16 13 25 37 49 17 00

66 29 41 15 52 16 03 14 25 36 47 16 57 07

64 15 46 15 56 16 16 26 35 45 16 55 17 04 13

62 16 00 16 09 18 27 36 44 16 53 17 02 10 18

N 60 16 12 16 20 16 28 16 36 16 44 16 52 17 00 17 08 17 15 17 23

58 23 30 37 44 51 16 59 06 13 20 27

56 32 38 45 51 16 58 17 04 11 18 24 30

54 40 46 52 16 58 17 04 10 16 22 28 34

52 47 52 16 58 17 03 09 15 20 26 31 37

N 50 16 53 16 58 17 03 17 09 17 14 17 19 17 24 17 29 17 34 17 39

45 17 07 17 11 16 20 24 28 32 37 41 45

40 18 22 25 29 33 36 40 43 47 50

35 28 31 34 37 40 43 46 49 51 54

30 37 39 42 44 47 49 17 51 17 54 17 56 17 58

N 20 17 52 17 53 17 55 17 57 17 58 17 59 18 01 18 02 18 03 18 05

N 10 18 05 18 06 18 07 18 07 18 08 18 09 09 10 10 10

0 17 17 18 18 18 18 17 17 17 16

S 10 30 29 29 28 27 27 25 24 23 22

20 43 42 41 39 38 36 34 32 30 28

S 30 18 59 18 57 18 55 18 52 18 50 18 47 18 44 18 42 18 38 18 35

35 19 08 19 05 19 03 19 00 18 57 18 54 50 47 43 39

40 18 15 12 09 19 05 19 01 18 57 18 53 49 44

45 31 27 23 19 14 10 19 05 19 00 18 55 50

50 46 41 36 31 26 20 15 09 19 03 18 57

S 52 19 53 19 48 19 42 19 37 19 31 19 25 19 19 19 13 19 06 19 00

54 20 01 19 55 49 43 37 30 24 17 10 03

56 09 20 03 19 57 50 43 37 29 22 15 07

58 19 13 20 06 19 58 51 43 35 27 19 11

S 60 20 31 20 23 20 15 20 07 19 59 19 51 19 42 19 34 19 25 19 16

© JEPPESEN SANDERSON, INC., 1996, 2006. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.

 24 FEB 06 TABLES AND CODES 107

SUNRISE AND SUNSET TABLES

✩ Sun remains continuously above the horizon ★ Sun remains continuously below the horizon

SUNRISE

March

LAT 3 6 9 12 15 18 21 24 27 30

° hm h m h m h m h m h m h m h m h m h m

N 72 07 30 07 14 06 59 06 44 06 28 06 13 05 57 05 42 05 26 05 11

70 21 08 54 40 26 12 58 44 30 16

68 14 07 02 49 37 24 12 05 59 46 34 21

66 08 06 57 46 34 23 11 06 00 48 37 25

64 07 03 53 42 32 21 11 00 50 39 28

62 06 59 49 40 30 20 11 01 51 41 31

N 60 06 55 06 46 06 37 06 28 06 19 06 10 06 01 05 52 05 43 05 34

58 52 43 35 27 18 10 01 53 44 36

56 48 41 33 25 17 10 02 54 46 38

54 46 39 31 24 17 09 02 55 47 40

52 43 36 30 23 16 09 02 55 48 41

N 50 06 41 06 35 06 28 06 22 06 15 06 09 06 02 05 56 05 49 05 43

45 36 30 25 20 14 09 03 57 52 46

40 32 27 22 18 13 08 03 58 53 49

35 28 24 20 16 12 08 03 05 59 55 51

30 25 21 18 14 11 07 04 06 00 57 53

N 20 06 19 06 17 06 14 06 12 06 09 06 07 06 04 06 01 05 59 05 56

N 10 14 12 11 09 08 06 04 02 06 01 05 59

0 09 08 07 07 06 05 04 03 02 06 01

S 10 06 04 06 04 04 04 04 04 04 04 04 04

20 05 58 05 59 06 00 06 01 02 03 04 05 05 06

S 30 05 52 05 54 05 56 05 58 06 00 06 02 06 04 06 05 06 07 06 09

35 48 51 53 56 05 58 01 03 06 08 11

40 44 47 50 54 57 06 00 03 06 09 12

45 39 43 47 51 55 05 59 03 06 10 14

50 33 38 43 48 53 57 02 07 12 16

S 52 05 30 05 36 05 41 05 46 05 51 05 57 06 02 06 07 06 12 06 17

54 27 33 39 45 50 56 02 07 13 19

56 24 30 36 43 49 55 01 08 14 20

58 20 27 34 41 47 54 01 08 14 21

S 60 05 16 05 23 05 31 05 38 05 46 05 53 06 01 06 08 06 15 06 23

© JEPPESEN SANDERSON, INC., 1996, 2006. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.

108 TABLES AND CODES 24 FEB 06

SUNRISE AND SUNSET TABLES

✩ Sun remains continuously above the horizon ★ Sun remains continuously below the horizon

SUNSET

March

LAT 3 6 9 12 15 18 21 24 27 30

° hm h m h m h m h m h m h m h m h m h m

N 72 16 56 17 11 17 25 17 39 17 53 18 07 18 20 18 34 18 48 19 02

70 17 05 18 30 42 55 07 19 31 44 18 56

68 12 23 34 45 56 07 18 29 40 51

66 18 28 38 48 58 08 17 27 37 47

64 23 32 41 50 17 59 08 17 25 34 43

62 27 35 43 52 18 00 08 16 24 32 40

N 60 17 31 17 38 17 46 17 53 18 01 18 08 18 15 18 23 18 30 18 37

58 34 41 48 55 01 08 15 21 28 35

56 37 43 50 56 02 08 14 21 27 33

54 40 45 51 57 03 08 14 20 25 31

52 42 47 53 58 03 09 14 19 24 29

N 50 17 44 17 49 17 54 17 59 18 04 18 09 18 14 18 18 18 23 18 28

45 49 53 17 57 18 01 05 09 13 17 20 24

40 53 56 18 00 03 06 09 12 15 18 21

35 17 57 17 59 02 04 07 09 12 14 17 19

30 18 00 18 02 04 06 08 10 12 13 15 17

N 20 18 06 18 07 18 08 18 09 18 10 18 10 18 11 18 12 18 13 18 14

N 10 11 11 11 11 11 11 11 11 11 11

0 15 15 14 13 12 11 11 10 09 08

S 10 20 19 17 16 14 12 11 09 07 05

20 26 23 21 18 16 13 11 08 05 03

S 30 18 32 18 29 18 25 18 22 18 18 18 14 18 11 18 07 18 04 18 00

35 36 32 28 23 19 15 11 07 03 17 58

40 40 35 30 26 21 16 11 06 02 57

45 45 39 34 28 23 17 11 06 18 00 55

50 50 44 38 31 25 18 12 05 17 59 52

S 52 18 53 18 46 18 40 18 33 18 26 18 19 18 12 18 05 17 58 17 51

54 56 49 42 34 27 19 12 05 57 50

56 18 59 52 44 36 28 20 12 04 57 49

58 19 03 55 46 38 29 21 13 04 56 47

S 60 19 07 18 58 18 49 18 40 18 31 18 22 18 13 18 04 17 55 17 46

© JEPPESEN SANDERSON, INC., 1996, 2006. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.

 24 FEB 06 TABLES AND CODES 109

SUNRISE AND SUNSET TABLES

✩ Sun remains continuously above the horizon ★ Sun remains continuously below the horizon

SUNRISE

April

LAT 2 5 8 11 14 17 20 23 26 29

° hm h m h m h m h m h m h m h m h m h m

N 72 04 55 04 39 04 23 04 06 03 49 03 32 03 14 02 55 02 35 02 14

70 05 02 48 34 19 04 05 03 50 35 03 19 03 03 02 47

68 08 04 56 43 30 17 04 04 03 51 37 24 03 10

66 14 05 02 50 39 27 15 04 04 03 52 40 28

64 18 07 04 57 46 35 25 14 04 04 03 53 43

62 22 12 05 02 52 43 33 23 14 04 05 03 55

N 60 05 25 05 16 05 07 04 58 04 49 04 40 04 31 04 22 04 14 04 05

58 28 19 11 05 02 54 46 38 30 22 15

56 30 22 14 07 04 59 51 44 37 29 22

54 32 25 18 11 05 03 04 56 49 43 36 29

52 34 28 21 14 07 05 01 04 54 48 42 36

N 50 05 36 05 30 05 24 05 17 05 11 05 05 04 59 04 53 04 47 04 41

45 40 35 29 24 19 13 05 08 05 03 04 58 04 54

40 44 39 34 30 25 21 16 12 05 08 05 04

35 47 43 38 34 30 27 23 19 16 12

30 49 46 42 39 35 32 29 26 23 20

N 20 05 53 05 51 05 48 05 46 05 43 05 41 05 39 05 36 05 34 05 32

N 10 05 57 05 55 54 52 51 49 47 46 45 44

0 06 01 06 00 05 59 05 58 05 57 05 56 05 56 05 55 05 55 05 54

S 10 04 04 06 04 06 04 06 04 06 04 06 04 06 04 06 04 06 04

20 07 08 09 09 10 11 12 13 14 15

S 30 06 11 06 12 06 14 06 16 06 18 06 20 06 22 06 23 06 25 06 27

35 13 15 18 20 22 25 27 29 32 34

40 15 18 21 24 27 30 33 36 39 42

45 18 22 25 29 33 37 40 44 48 06 51

50 21 26 30 35 40 44 49 53 06 58 07 02

S 52 06 22 06 28 06 33 06 38 06 43 06 48 06 53 06 58 07 03 07 08

54 24 30 35 41 46 51 06 57 07 02 08 13

56 26 32 38 44 50 06 56 07 02 08 14 20

58 28 34 41 47 54 07 00 07 14 20 26

S 60 06 30 06 37 06 44 06 51 06 58 07 06 07 13 07 20 07 27 07 34

© JEPPESEN SANDERSON, INC., 1996, 2006. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.

110 TABLES AND CODES 24 FEB 06

SUNRISE AND SUNSET TABLES

✩ Sun remains continuously above the horizon ★ Sun remains continuously below the horizon

SUNSET

April

LAT 2 5 8 11 14 17 20 23 26 29

° h m h m h m h m h m h m h m h m h m hm

N 72 19 16 19 30 19 45 20 00 20 16 20 32 20 48 21 06 21 26 21 47

70 08 21 33 19 46 20 00 20 13 27 20 42 20 57 21 12

68 19 02 13 24 35 19 47 19 59 20 11 23 35 20 48

66 18 56 06 16 26 37 47 19 57 20 08 18 29

64 52 19 01 10 19 28 37 46 19 55 20 05 14

62 48 18 56 19 04 12 20 29 37 45 19 53 20 02

N 60 18 44 18 52 18 59 19 06 19 14 19 21 19 29 19 36 19 44 19 51

58 41 48 55 19 01 08 15 22 28 35 42

56 39 45 51 18 57 19 03 09 16 22 28 34

54 36 42 47 53 18 59 04 10 16 21 27

52 34 39 44 50 55 19 00 05 10 15 20

N 50 18 32 18 37 18 42 18 46 18 51 18 56 19 00 19 05 19 10 19 15

45 28 32 36 39 43 47 18 51 18 55 18 58 19 02

40 24 28 31 34 37 40 43 46 49 18 52

35 22 24 26 29 31 33 36 38 41 43

30 19 21 22 24 26 28 30 32 34 36

N 20 18 14 18 15 18 16 18 17 18 18 18 19 18 20 18 21 18 22 18 23

N 10 10 10 10 10 10 11 11 11 11 11

0 07 06 05 18 04 18 04 18 03 18 02 18 02 18 01 18 01

S 10 04 18 02 18 00 17 59 17 57 17 56 17 54 17 53 17 52 17 51

20 18 00 17 58 17 55 53 50 48 46 44 42 40

S 30 17 56 17 53 17 49 17 46 17 43 17 39 17 36 17 33 17 30 17 27

35 54 50 46 42 38 34 31 27 23 20

40 52 47 42 38 33 29 24 20 16 12

45 49 43 38 33 27 22 17 12 17 07 17 03

50 46 39 33 27 20 14 09 17 03 16 57 16 52

S 52 17 44 17 37 17 31 17 24 17 17 17 11 17 05 16 58 16 52 16 47

54 43 35 28 21 14 07 17 00 54 47 41

56 41 33 25 18 10 17 03 16 56 48 41 35

58 39 30 22 14 06 16 58 50 43 35 28

S 60 17 37 17 28 17 19 17 10 17 01 16 53 16 44 16 36 16 28 16 19

© JEPPESEN SANDERSON, INC., 1996, 2006. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.

 24 FEB 06 TABLES AND CODES 111

SUNRISE AND SUNSET TABLES

✩ Sun remains continuously above the horizon ★ Sun remains continuously below the horizon

SUNRISE

May

LAT 2 5 8 11 14 17 20 23 26 29

° hm h m h m h m h m h m h m h m h m h m

N 72 01 50 01 22 00 41 ✩ ✩ ✩ ✩ ✩ ✩ ✩

70 02 29 02 11 01 51 01 29 01 02 00 12 ✩ ✩ ✩ ✩

68 02 56 02 42 02 28 02 12 01 57 01 40 01 21 01 00 00 29 ✩

66 03 17 03 05 02 53 02 41 02 29 02 17 02 05 01 53 01 41 01 28

64 33 23 03 12 03 02 02 53 02 43 34 02 25 02 16 02 07

62 46 37 28 20 03 11 03 03 02 55 02 48 02 41 34

N 60 03 57 03 49 03 41 03 34 03 26 03 19 03 13 03 06 03 01 02 55

58 04 07 04 00 03 53 46 39 33 27 22 17 03 12

56 16 09 04 02 03 56 03 50 45 40 35 30 26

54 23 17 11 04 06 04 00 03 55 03 50 46 42 39

52 30 24 19 14 09 04 04 04 00 03 56 03 52 49

N 50 04 36 04 31 04 26 04 21 04 17 04 12 04 09 04 05 04 02 03 59

45 04 49 45 41 37 33 30 27 24 21 04 19

40 05 00 04 56 04 53 04 49 46 44 41 39 37 35

35 09 05 06 05 03 05 00 04 58 04 56 04 53 04 52 04 50 04 49

30 17 14 12 10 05 08 05 06 05 04 05 03 05 01 05 00

N 20 05 31 05 29 05 27 05 26 05 25 05 23 05 22 05 22 05 21 05 20

N 10 43 42 41 40 39 39 38 38 38 38

0 05 54 05 53 05 53 05 53 05 53 05 53 05 53 05 53 05 53 05 54

S 10 06 04 06 05 06 05 06 06 06 06 06 07 06 07 06 08 06 09 06 10

20 16 17 18 19 20 21 23 24 25 26

S 30 06 29 06 31 06 33 06 35 06 37 06 38 06 40 06 42 06 44 06 46

35 37 39 41 44 46 48 06 50 06 53 06 55 06 57

40 45 48 06 51 06 54 06 57 06 59 07 02 07 05 07 07 07 09

45 06 55 06 59 07 02 07 06 07 09 07 12 16 19 22 25

50 07 07 07 11 16 20 24 28 32 36 40 43

S 52 07 12 07 17 07 22 07 27 07 31 07 36 07 40 07 44 07 48 07 52

54 19 24 29 34 39 44 49 07 53 07 58 08 02

56 25 31 37 42 48 07 53 07 58 08 03 08 08 12

58 33 39 46 07 52 07 58 08 04 08 10 15 20 25

S 60 07 41 07 49 07 56 08 03 08 09 08 16 08 22 08 29 08 34 08 40

© JEPPESEN SANDERSON, INC., 1996, 2006. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.

112 TABLES AND CODES 24 FEB 06

SUNRISE AND SUNSET TABLES

✩ Sun remains continuously above the horizon ★ Sun remains continuously below the horizon

SUNSET

May

LAT 2 5 8 11 14 17 20 23 26 29

° h m h m h m h m h m h m h m h m h m hm

N 72 22 11 22 41 23 35 ✩ ✩ ✩ ✩ ✩ ✩ ✩

70 21 29 21 47 22 07 22 31 23 01 ✩ ✩ ✩ ✩ ✩

68 21 01 21 15 21 30 21 45 22 01 22 18 22 37 23 01 23 43 ✩

66 20 40 20 52 21 03 21 15 21 27 21 39 21 51 22 04 22 17 22 30

64 24 33 20 43 20 53 21 02 21 12 21 22 21 31 21 40 21 49

62 20 10 18 27 35 20 43 20 51 20 59 21 07 21 15 22

N 60 19 59 20 06 20 13 20 21 20 28 20 35 20 42 20 48 20 55 21 01

58 48 19 55 20 02 20 08 15 21 27 33 38 20 43

56 40 46 19 52 19 58 20 03 20 09 14 20 24 29

54 32 38 43 48 19 53 19 58 20 03 20 08 13 17

52 25 30 35 40 45 49 19 54 19 58 20 02 20 06

N 50 19 19 19 24 19 28 19 33 19 37 19 41 19 45 19 49 19 53 19 56

45 19 06 19 09 13 17 20 24 27 30 33 36

40 18 55 18 58 19 01 19 04 19 07 19 09 12 15 18 20

35 46 48 18 50 18 53 18 55 18 58 19 00 19 02 19 04 19 06

30 37 39 41 43 45 47 18 49 18 51 18 53 18 54

N 20 18 24 18 25 18 26 18 27 18 28 18 29 18 31 18 32 18 33 18 34

N 10 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 16 16 17

0 18 00 18 00 18 00 18 00 18 00 18 00 18 00 18 00 18 01 18 01

S 10 17 50 17 49 17 48 17 47 17 46 17 46 17 45 17 45 17 45 17 45

20 38 36 35 33 32 31 30 29 28 28

S 30 17 25 17 22 17 20 17 18 17 16 17 14 17 12 17 11 17 10 17 09

35 17 14 11 17 09 17 06 17 04 17 02 17 00 16 59 16 57

40 17 09 17 05 17 02 16 59 16 56 16 53 16 51 16 48 46 45

45 16 58 16 54 16 50 47 43 40 37 34 32 30

50 47 42 37 32 28 24 20 17 14 11

S 52 16 41 16 35 16 30 16 25 16 21 16 16 16 12 16 09 16 05 16 02

54 35 29 23 18 13 16 08 16 04 16 00 15 56 15 53

56 28 22 15 10 16 04 15 59 15 54 15 49 45 42

58 20 13 16 07 16 00 15 54 48 43 38 33 29

S 60 16 12 16 04 15 56 15 49 15 43 15 36 15 30 15 24 15 19 15 14

© JEPPESEN SANDERSON, INC., 1996, 2006. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.

 24 FEB 06 TABLES AND CODES 113

SUNRISE AND SUNSET TABLES

✩ Sun remains continuously above the horizon ★ Sun remains continuously below the horizon

SUNRISE

June

LAT 1 4 7 10 13 16 19 22 25 28

° hm h m h m h m h m h m h m h m h m h m

N 72 ✩ ✩ ✩ ✩ ✩ ✩ ✩ ✩ ✩ ✩

70 ✩ ✩ ✩ ✩ ✩ ✩ ✩ ✩ ✩ ✩

68 ✩ ✩ ✩ ✩ ✩ ✩ ✩ ✩ ✩ ✩

66 01 15 01 02 00 48 00 33 00 08 ✩ ✩ ✩ ✩ ✩

64 02 00 01 52 01 46 01 40 01 36 01 33 01 31 01 31 01 32 01 35

62 28 02 23 02 19 02 15 02 12 02 10 02 09 02 09 02 10 02 12

N 60 02 50 02 46 02 43 02 40 02 37 02 36 02 36 02 36 02 37 02 39

58 03 08 03 04 03 01 02 59 02 57 02 56 02 56 02 56 02 57 02 59

56 23 20 17 03 15 03 14 03 13 03 13 03 13 03 14 03 16

54 35 33 31 29 28 27 27 27 28 30

52 46 44 42 41 40 39 39 40 41 42

N 50 03 56 03 54 03 53 03 51 03 50 03 50 03 50 03 51 03 51 03 53

45 04 17 04 15 04 14 04 13 04 13 04 12 04 13 04 13 04 14 04 15

40 33 32 31 31 30 30 31 31 32 33

35 47 47 46 46 45 45 46 46 04 47 04 48

30 04 59 04 59 04 58 04 58 04 58 04 58 04 59 04 59 05 00 05 01

N 20 05 20 05 20 05 20 05 20 05 20 05 20 05 21 05 21 05 22 05 23

N 10 38 38 38 38 39 39 40 40 41 42

0 05 54 05 55 05 55 05 56 05 56 05 57 05 57 05 58 05 59 05 59

S 10 06 10 06 11 06 12 06 13 06 13 06 14 06 15 06 16 06 16 06 17

20 27 29 30 31 32 33 33 34 35 35

S 30 06 47 06 49 06 50 06 51 06 53 06 54 06 55 06 55 06 56 06 56

35 06 59 07 00 07 02 07 03 07 05 07 06 07 07 07 08 07 08 07 09

40 07 12 14 16 17 19 20 21 22 22 23

45 27 30 32 34 35 37 38 07 39 07 39 07 39

50 46 49 07 52 07 54 07 56 07 58 07 59 08 00 08 00 08 00

S 52 07 55 07 58 08 01 08 04 08 06 08 07 08 09 08 10 08 10 08 10

54 08 05 08 09 12 14 17 18 20 21 21 21

56 17 20 24 27 29 31 32 33 34 33

58 30 34 38 41 08 44 08 46 08 47 08 48 08 48 08 48

S 60 08 45 08 50 08 54 08 58 09 01 09 03 09 05 09 06 09 06 09 05

© JEPPESEN SANDERSON, INC., 1996, 2006. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.

114 TABLES AND CODES 24 FEB 06

SUNRISE AND SUNSET TABLES

✩ Sun remains continuously above the horizon ★ Sun remains continuously below the horizon

SUNSET

June

LAT 1 4 7 10 13 16 19 22 25 28

° h m h m h m h m h m h m h m h m h m hm

N 72 ✩ ✩ ✩ ✩ ✩ ✩ ✩ ✩ ✩ ✩

70 ✩ ✩ ✩ ✩ ✩ ✩ ✩ ✩ ✩ ✩

68 ✩ ✩ ✩ ✩ ✩ ✩ ✩ ✩ ✩ ✩

66 22 44 22 58 23 14 23 32 ✩ ✩ ✩ ✩ ✩ ✩

64 21 58 22 06 22 13 22 20 22 25 22 29 22 31 22 32 22 32 22 30

62 28 21 34 21 40 21 45 21 48 21 51 21 53 21 54 21 54 21 53

N 60 21 06 21 11 21 16 21 20 21 23 21 25 21 27 21 28 21 28 21 27

58 20 48 20 53 20 57 21 00 21 03 21 05 21 06 21 07 21 07 21 07

56 33 37 41 20 44 20 46 20 48 20 50 20 50 20 51 20 50

54 21 24 27 30 32 34 35 36 36 36

52 09 13 15 18 20 22 23 24 24 24

N 50 20 00 20 02 20 05 20 07 20 09 20 11 20 12 20 13 20 13 20 13

45 19 39 19 41 19 43 19 45 19 47 19 49 19 50 19 50 19 51 19 51

40 22 24 26 28 29 30 31 32 33 33

35 19 08 19 10 19 12 13 14 16 16 17 18 18

30 18 56 18 58 18 59 19 00 19 01 19 03 19 03 19 04 19 05 19 05

N 20 18 35 18 37 18 38 18 39 18 40 18 41 18 41 18 42 18 43 18 43

N 10 18 19 19 20 21 22 22 23 24 24

0 18 01 18 02 18 02 18 03 18 03 18 04 18 05 18 05 18 06 18 07

S 10 17 45 17 45 17 46 17 46 17 46 17 47 17 47 17 48 17 49 17 49

20 28 28 28 28 28 28 29 30 30 31

S 30 17 08 17 07 17 07 17 07 17 07 17 07 17 08 17 08 17 09 17 10

35 16 56 16 56 16 55 16 55 16 55 16 55 16 55 16 56 16 57 16 58

40 43 42 41 41 41 41 41 42 42 43

45 28 27 25 25 24 24 24 25 26 27

50 09 16 07 16 05 16 04 16 04 16 03 16 03 16 04 16 05 16 06

S 52 16 00 15 58 15 56 15 55 15 54 15 53 15 53 15 54 15 55 15 56

54 15 50 47 45 44 43 42 42 43 44 45

56 38 36 33 32 30 30 30 30 31 33

58 25 22 19 17 15 16 15 15 15 15 15 15 15 17 18

S 60 15 10 15 06 15 03 15 00 14 59 14 58 14 57 14 58 14 59 15 01

© JEPPESEN SANDERSON, INC., 1996, 2006. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.

 24 FEB 06 TABLES AND CODES 115

SUNRISE AND SUNSET TABLES

✩ Sun remains continuously above the horizon ★ Sun remains continuously below the horizon

SUNRISE

July

LAT 1 4 7 10 13 16 19 22 25 28 31

° h m h m h m h m h m h m h m h m h m h m h m

N 72 ✩ ✩ ✩ ✩ ✩ ✩ ✩ ✩ ✩ ✩ ✩

70 ✩ ✩ ✩ ✩ ✩ ✩ ✩ ✩ ✩ ✩ 01 09

68 ✩ ✩ ✩ ✩ ✩ ✩ 00 35 01 08 01 30 01 49 02 06

66 00 03 00 37 00 53 01 09 01 23 01 36 01 49 02 02 02 14 02 27 02 38

64 01 04 01 45 01 52 01 59 02 07 02 16 02 25 34 02 43 02 53 03 02

62 02 16 02 20 02 25 02 30 36 02 43 02 50 02 57 03 05 03 13 21

N 60 02 41 02 45 02 49 02 53 02 58 03 04 03 10 03 16 03 23 03 29 03 36

58 03 01 03 04 03 08 03 11 03 16 21 26 31 37 43 03 49

56 18 20 23 27 31 35 40 44 03 50 03 55 04 00

54 32 34 37 40 43 47 03 51 03 56 04 00 04 05 10

52 44 46 48 03 51 03 55 03 58 04 02 04 06 10 14 19

N 50 03 54 03 56 03 59 04 01 04 04 04 08 04 11 04 15 04 19 04 23 04 27

45 04 17 04 18 04 20 22 25 28 30 33 37 40 43

40 34 36 38 39 42 44 46 04 49 04 51 04 54 04 56

35 04 49 04 50 04 52 04 54 04 55 04 57 04 59 05 01 05 03 05 06 05 08

30 05 02 05 03 05 05 05 06 05 07 05 09 05 11 12 14 16 18

N 20 05 24 05 25 05 26 05 27 05 28 05 29 05 30 05 31 05 32 05 34 05 35

N 10 05 43 05 43 05 44 05 45 05 46 05 46 05 47 05 48 05 48 05 49 05 49

0 06 00 06 01 06 01 06 02 06 02 06 02 06 02 06 03 06 03 06 03 06 03

S 10 17 18 18 18 18 18 18 18 17 17 16

20 35 36 36 36 35 35 34 34 33 32 31

S 30 06 56 06 56 05 56 06 56 06 55 06 54 06 53 06 52 06 50 06 48 06 47

35 07 09 07 08 07 08 07 07 07 06 07 05 07 04 07 02 07 00 06 58 06 56

40 23 22 22 21 19 18 16 14 12 07 09 07 06

45 07 39 39 38 36 35 33 31 28 25 22 19

50 08 00 07 59 07 58 07 56 07 54 07 51 49 45 42 38 34

S 52 08 09 08 08 08 07 08 05 08 03 08 00 07 57 07 54 07 50 07 46 07 41

54 20 19 18 15 13 10 08 06 08 02 07 58 07 54 49

56 33 31 29 27 24 21 17 13 08 08 08 03 07 58

58 08 47 08 45 08 43 40 37 33 29 24 19 13 08 07

S 60 09 04 09 02 09 00 08 56 08 52 08 48 08 43 08 38 08 32 08 25 08 19

© JEPPESEN SANDERSON, INC., 1996, 2006. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.

116 TABLES AND CODES 24 FEB 06

SUNRISE AND SUNSET TABLES

✩ Sun remains continuously above the horizon ★ Sun remains continuously below the horizon

SUNSET

July

LAT 1 4 7 10 13 16 19 22 25 28 31

° h m h m h m h m h m h m h m h m h m h m h m

N 72 ✩ ✩ ✩ ✩ ✩ ✩ ✩ ✩ ✩ ✩ ✩

70 ✩ ✩ ✩ ✩ ✩ ✩ ✩ ✩ ✩ 23 34 22 55

68 ✩ ✩ ✩ ✩ ✩ ✩ 23 25 22 58 22 37 22 19 22 03

66 23 46 23 26 23 11 22 57 22 44 22 32 22 20 22 07 21 55 21 43 21 31

64 22 26 22 21 22 16 22 09 22 02 21 54 21 45 21 36 27 21 18 21 08

62 21 51 21 47 21 43 21 39 21 33 27 20 21 13 21 06 20 58 20 50

N 60 21 25 21 23 21 20 21 16 21 12 21 07 21 01 20 55 20 49 20 42 20 35

58 21 06 21 04 21 01 20 58 20 54 20 50 20 45 40 34 28 22

56 20 49 20 48 20 46 43 40 36 32 27 22 17 11

54 35 34 32 30 27 24 20 16 11 20 06 20 01

52 23 22 21 18 16 13 10 20 06 20 02 19 58 19 53

N 50 20 13 20 12 20 10 20 08 20 06 20 04 20 01 19 57 19 54 19 50 19 45

45 19 50 19 50 19 49 19 47 19 46 19 44 19 41 39 36 32 29

40 33 32 32 31 29 28 26 24 21 19 16

35 18 18 17 16 15 14 13 11 19 09 19 07 19 04

30 19 05 19 05 19 05 19 04 19 03 19 02 19 01 19 00 18 58 18 57 18 55

N 20 18 43 18 43 18 44 18 43 18 43 18 43 18 42 18 41 18 40 18 39 18 38

N 10 25 25 25 26 26 26 25 25 25 24 23

0 18 07 18 08 18 08 18 09 18 09 18 10 18 10 18 10 18 10 18 10 18 10

S 10 17 50 17 51 17 52 17 52 17 53 17 54 17 54 17 55 17 56 17 56 17 56

20 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42

S 30 17 11 17 12 17 13 17 15 17 16 17 18 17 20 17 21 17 23 17 25 17 27

35 16 59 17 00 17 02 17 03 17 05 17 07 17 09 17 11 13 15 17

40 45 16 46 16 48 16 50 16 52 16 54 16 56 16 59 17 01 17 04 17 07

45 28 30 32 34 37 39 42 45 16 48 16 51 16 54

50 16 08 10 12 15 18 21 24 28 31 35 39

S 52 15 58 16 00 16 03 16 06 16 09 16 12 16 16 16 20 16 24 16 28 16 32

54 47 15 50 15 52 15 55 15 59 16 02 16 06 11 15 20 24

56 35 37 40 44 47 15 51 15 56 16 01 16 05 11 16

58 20 23 27 30 34 39 44 15 49 15 55 16 00 16 06

S 60 15 03 15 06 15 10 15 14 15 19 15 24 15 30 15 36 15 42 15 48 15 55

© JEPPESEN SANDERSON, INC., 1996, 2006. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.

 24 FEB 06 TABLES AND CODES 117

SUNRISE AND SUNSET TABLES

✩ Sun remains continuously above the horizon ★ Sun remains continuously below the horizon

SUNRISE

August

LAT 3 6 9 12 15 18 21 24 27 30

° hm h m h m h m h m h m h m h m h m h m

N 72 ✩ 00 43 01 27 01 56 02 19 02 39 02 58 03 15 03 32 03 47

70 01 37 01 59 02 18 02 36 02 52 03 08 03 22 36 03 50 04 03

68 02 21 02 36 02 50 03 03 03 16 29 41 03 53 04 04 16

66 02 50 03 02 03 13 24 35 45 03 56 04 06 16 26

64 03 12 21 31 40 03 49 03 59 04 08 17 26 35

62 29 37 45 03 54 04 02 04 10 18 26 34 42

N 60 03 43 03 50 03 58 04 05 04 12 04 19 04 27 04 34 04 41 04 48

58 03 56 04 02 04 08 15 21 28 34 41 47 54

56 04 06 12 17 23 29 35 41 47 53 04 59

54 15 20 26 31 36 42 47 52 04 58 05 03

52 23 28 33 38 43 48 52 04 57 05 02 07

N 50 04 31 04 35 04 39 04 44 04 48 04 53 04 57 05 02 05 06 05 11

45 46 04 50 04 53 04 57 05 01 05 04 05 08 11 15 18

40 04 59 05 02 05 05 05 08 11 14 16 19 22 25

35 05 10 12 15 17 19 22 24 26 28 30

30 20 21 23 25 27 29 30 32 34 35

N 20 05 36 05 37 05 38 05 39 05 40 05 40 05 41 05 42 05 43 05 44

N 10 05 50 05 50 05 50 05 51 05 51 05 51 05 51 51 51 51

0 06 03 06 02 06 02 06 02 06 01 06 01 06 00 05 59 05 58 05 58

S 10 15 15 14 12 11 10 09 06 07 06 06 06 04

20 29 28 26 24 22 20 18 16 13 11

S 30 06 44 06 42 06 40 06 37 06 34 06 31 06 28 06 25 06 22 06 19

35 06 53 06 51 48 45 41 38 34 31 27 23

40 07 03 07 00 06 57 06 53 49 45 41 37 32 28

45 15 11 07 07 07 03 06 58 06 54 49 44 39 33

50 30 25 20 15 07 09 07 04 06 58 52 46 40

S 52 07 36 07 31 07 26 07 20 07 15 07 09 07 03 06 56 06 50 06 43

54 44 38 32 26 20 14 07 07 01 54 47

56 07 52 46 40 33 26 20 13 05 06 58 50

58 08 01 07 55 48 41 33 26 18 11 07 03 55

S 60 08 12 08 05 07 57 07 49 07 41 07 33 07 25 07 17 07 08 06 59

© JEPPESEN SANDERSON, INC., 1996, 2006. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.

118 TABLES AND CODES 24 FEB 06

SUNRISE AND SUNSET TABLES

✩ Sun remains continuously above the horizon ★ Sun remains continuously below the horizon

SUNSET

August

LAT 3 6 9 12 15 18 21 24 27 30

° h m h m h m h m h m h m h m h m h m hm

N 72 ✩ 23 12 22 35 22 08 21 45 21 24 21 04 20 46 20 28 20 11

70 22 29 22 07 21 48 21 30 21 13 20 57 20 41 25 20 10 19 56

68 21 47 21 32 21 18 21 04 20 50 36 23 20 10 19 56 44

66 21 19 21 08 20 56 20 44 32 20 20 09 19 57 45 34

64 20 58 20 48 38 28 18 20 07 19 57 46 36 25

62 41 33 24 15 20 06 19 56 47 37 28 18

N 60 20 27 20 20 20 12 20 04 19 55 19 47 19 38 19 29 19 21 19 12

58 15 20 08 20 01 19 54 46 39 31 23 15 06

56 20 05 19 59 19 52 46 39 31 24 17 09 19 02

54 19 56 50 44 38 32 25 18 11 04 18 57

52 48 43 37 31 25 19 13 07 19 00 53

N 50 19 41 19 36 19 31 19 25 19 20 19 14 19 08 19 02 18 56 18 50

45 25 21 17 12 19 08 19 03 18 58 18 53 48 42

40 12 19 09 19 06 19 02 18 58 18 54 50 45 41 36

35 19 02 18 59 18 56 18 53 49 46 42 38 34 31

30 18 52 50 47 45 42 39 36 33 29 26

N 20 18 36 18 35 18 33 18 31 18 29 18 27 18 25 18 23 18 20 18 18

N 10 22 22 21 19 18 17 15 14 12 11

0 18 10 18 09 18 09 18 08 18 08 18 07 18 07 18 06 18 05 18 04

S 10 17 57 17 57 17 58 17 58 17 58 17 58 17 58 17 58 17 58 17 58

20 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 50 51

S 30 17 28 17 30 17 32 17 34 17 35 17 37 17 39 17 40 17 42 17 43

35 19 22 24 26 28 30 33 35 37 39

40 17 09 12 15 18 20 23 26 29 32 34

45 16 58 17 01 17 05 17 08 11 15 18 22 25 29

50 43 16 48 16 52 16 56 17 00 05 09 13 18 22

S 52 16 37 16 41 16 46 16 50 16 55 17 00 17 05 17 09 17 14 17 19

54 29 34 39 45 50 16 55 17 00 05 11 16

56 21 27 32 38 43 49 16 55 17 01 06 12

58 12 18 24 30 37 43 49 16 55 17 02 08

S 60 16 01 16 08 16 15 16 22 16 29 16 36 16 42 16 49 16 56 17 03

© JEPPESEN SANDERSON, INC., 1996, 2006. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.

 24 FEB 06 TABLES AND CODES 119

SUNRISE AND SUNSET TABLES

✩ Sun remains continuously above the horizon ★ Sun remains continuously below the horizon

SUNRISE

September

LAT 2 5 8 11 14 17 20 23 26 29

° hm h m h m h m h m h m h m h m h m h m

N 72 04 03 04 17 04 31 04 45 04 59 05 13 05 26 05 40 05 53 06 06

70 16 29 41 04 53 05 05 17 29 41 53 05

68 27 38 49 05 00 10 21 31 42 53 03

66 36 46 04 55 05 14 24 33 43 52 02

64 43 52 05 01 09 18 27 35 44 52 01

62 50 04 58 06 13 21 29 37 44 52 06 00

N 60 04 55 05 02 05 09 05 17 05 24 05 31 05 38 05 45 05 52 05 59

58 05 00 07 13 20 26 32 39 45 52 58

56 05 10 16 22 28 34 40 46 51 57

54 08 14 19 25 30 35 41 46 51 57

52 12 17 22 27 31 36 41 46 51 56

N 50 05 15 05 20 05 24 05 29 05 33 05 37 05 42 05 46 05 51 05 56

45 22 26 29 33 36 40 44 47 51 55

40 28 31 33 36 39 42 45 48 50 53

35 33 35 37 39 41 44 46 48 50 52

30 37 39 40 42 43 45 47 48 50 52

N 20 05 44 05 45 05 46 05 46 05 47 05 48 05 48 05 49 05 49 05 50

N 10 51 51 50 50 50 50 49 49 49 49

0 05 57 05 56 55 55 53 52 51 49 48 47

S 10 06 02 06 01 05 59 05 57 55 53 51 49 48 46

20 08 06 06 03 06 00 05 58 55 52 49 47 44

S 30 06 15 06 12 06 08 06 04 06 01 05 57 05 53 05 49 05 46 05 42

35 19 15 11 06 02 58 53 49 45 41

40 23 18 14 09 04 05 59 54 49 44 39

45 28 23 17 11 06 06 00 55 49 43 37

50 34 28 21 15 08 02 55 48 42 35

S 52 06 37 06 30 06 23 06 16 06 09 06 02 05 55 05 48 05 41 05 34

54 40 32 25 18 10 03 56 48 41 33

56 43 35 27 20 12 04 56 48 40 32

58 46 38 30 22 13 05 56 48 39 31

S 60 06 50 06 42 06 33 06 24 06 15 06 06 05 57 05 47 05 38 05 29

© JEPPESEN SANDERSON, INC., 1996, 2006. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.

120 TABLES AND CODES 24 FEB 06

SUNRISE AND SUNSET TABLES

✩ Sun remains continuously above the horizon ★ Sun remains continuously below the horizon

SUNSET

September

LAT 2 5 8 11 14 17 20 23 26 29

° h m h m h m h m h m h m h m h m h m hm

N 72 19 54 19 38 19 22 19 06 18 50 18 34 18 19 18 03 17 48 17 33

70 41 27 12 18 58 44 30 16 02 49 35

68 31 18 19 05 52 39 27 14 02 49 36

66 22 10 18 59 47 35 24 12 01 49 38

64 15 19 04 54 43 32 22 11 00 50 39

62 09 18 59 49 39 29 19 10 18 00 50 40

N 60 19 03 18 54 18 45 18 36 18 27 18 17 18 08 17 59 17 50 17 41

58 18 58 50 41 33 24 16 07 59 50 42

56 54 46 38 30 22 14 06 58 51 43

54 50 43 35 28 21 13 06 58 51 43

52 47 40 33 26 19 12 05 58 51 44

N 50 18 44 18 37 18 31 18 24 18 18 18 11 18 04 17 58 17 51 17 45

45 37 31 26 20 14 09 03 57 52 46

40 31 26 22 17 12 07 02 57 52 47

35 26 22 18 14 10 05 01 57 52 48

30 22 19 15 11 08 04 18 00 56 53 49

N 20 18 15 18 13 18 10 18 07 18 04 18 02 17 59 17 56 17 53 17 51

N 10 09 07 05 03 18 02 18 00 58 56 54 52

0 18 03 18 02 18 01 18 00 17 59 17 58 57 56 55 54

S 10 17 58 17 57 17 57 17 57 57 56 56 56 56 56

20 52 52 53 54 54 55 55 56 57 17 57

S 30 17 45 17 47 17 48 17 50 17 51 17 53 17 55 17 56 17 58 18 00

35 41 44 46 48 50 52 54 57 17 59 01

40 37 40 43 46 48 51 54 57 18 00 03

45 32 36 39 43 46 50 54 57 01 05

50 27 31 35 40 44 49 53 58 02 07

S 52 17 24 17 29 17 34 17 38 17 43 17 48 17 53 17 58 18 03 18 08

54 21 26 32 37 42 47 53 58 04 09

56 18 24 29 35 41 47 53 58 04 10

58 14 21 27 33 40 46 52 59 05 12

S 60 17 10 17 17 17 24 17 31 17 38 17 45 17 52 17 59 18 06 18 13

© JEPPESEN SANDERSON, INC., 1996, 2006. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.

 24 FEB 06 TABLES AND CODES 121

SUNRISE AND SUNSET TABLES

✩ Sun remains continuously above the horizon ★ Sun remains continuously below the horizon

SUNRISE

October

LAT 2 5 8 11 14 17 20 23 26 29

° hm h m h m h m h m h m h m h m h m h m

N 72 06 20 06 34 06 47 07 02 07 16 07 30 07 46 08 01 08 17 08 34

70 17 29 41 06 53 07 06 18 31 07 45 07 58 08 13

68 14 25 35 46 06 57 09 20 32 43 07 55

66 12 21 31 41 50 07 00 11 21 31 42

64 09 18 27 36 45 06 54 07 03 12 21 31

62 08 16 24 31 39 48 06 56 07 04 13 21

N 60 06 06 06 13 06 20 06 28 06 35 06 42 06 50 06 57 07 05 07 13

58 05 11 18 24 31 38 45 52 06 58 07 05

56 03 09 15 21 28 34 40 46 53 06 59

54 02 08 13 19 24 30 36 42 47 53

52 01 06 11 17 22 27 32 37 43 48

N 50 06 00 06 05 06 10 06 14 06 19 06 24 06 29 06 34 06 38 06 43

45 05 58 06 02 06 09 13 17 21 25 29 33

40 56 05 59 06 02 05 09 12 15 18 21 25

35 55 57 05 59 06 02 04 07 09 12 15 18

30 53 55 57 05 59 06 01 06 03 06 05 06 07 06 09 11

N 20 05 51 05 52 05 52 05 53 05 54 05 55 05 56 05 57 05 59 06 00

N 10 49 48 48 48 48 48 49 49 49 05 50

0 46 45 44 44 43 42 42 41 41 40

S 10 44 42 40 39 37 36 34 33 32 31

20 41 39 36 34 31 29 27 24 22 21

S 30 05 38 05 35 05 31 05 27 05 24 05 21 05 17 05 14 05 11 05 09

35 36 32 28 24 20 16 12 08 05 05 05 02

40 34 29 25 20 15 11 05 06 05 02 04 58 04 54

45 32 26 20 15 10 05 04 04 59 04 54 49 45

50 29 22 16 09 03 04 57 51 45 39 33

S 52 05 27 05 20 05 13 05 07 05 00 04 53 04 47 04 40 04 34 04 28

54 26 18 11 04 04 57 49 42 36 29 22

56 24 16 08 05 00 53 45 38 30 23 16

58 22 14 05 04 57 49 40 32 24 16 09

S 60 05 20 05 11 05 02 04 53 04 44 04 35 04 26 04 17 04 09 04 00

© JEPPESEN SANDERSON, INC., 1996, 2006. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.

122 TABLES AND CODES 24 FEB 06

SUNRISE AND SUNSET TABLES

✩ Sun remains continuously above the horizon ★ Sun remains continuously below the horizon

SUNSET

October

LAT 2 5 8 11 14 17 20 23 26 29

° h m h m h m h m h m h m h m h m h m hm

N 72 17 17 17 02 16 46 16 31 16 15 15 59 15 43 15 26 15 09 14 52

70 21 07 53 39 25 16 11 15 57 43 29 15 14

68 24 11 16 59 46 34 21 16 09 15 56 44 31

66 26 15 17 03 52 41 30 18 16 07 15 56 45

64 29 18 08 16 57 47 36 26 16 16 06 15 56

62 30 21 11 17 02 52 42 33 24 15 16 06

N 60 17 32 17 23 17 14 17 05 16 56 16 48 16 39 16 31 16 22 16 14

58 34 25 17 09 17 00 52 44 36 29 21

56 35 27 19 11 04 16 56 49 42 35 28

54 36 29 21 14 07 17 00 53 46 40 34

52 37 30 23 17 10 03 16 57 51 45 39

N 50 17 38 17 32 17 25 17 19 17 12 17 06 17 00 16 55 16 49 16 44

45 40 35 29 24 18 13 08 17 03 16 58 16 54

40 42 37 33 28 23 19 14 10 17 06 17 02

35 44 40 35 31 27 24 20 16 13 10

30 45 42 38 35 31 28 25 22 19 16

N 20 17 48 17 45 17 43 17 40 17 38 17 36 17 34 17 31 17 30 17 28

N 10 50 49 47 45 44 42 41 40 39 38

0 53 52 51 50 50 49 48 48 47 47

S 10 55 55 17 55 17 55 17 55 17 55 17 56 17 56 17 57 17 57

20 17 58 17 59 18 00 18 01 18 02 18 03 18 04 18 05 18 06 18 07

S 30 18 01 18 03 18 05 18 07 18 09 18 11 18 13 18 15 18 17 18 19

35 04 06 08 11 13 16 18 21 24 27

40 06 09 12 15 18 21 24 28 31 35

45 08 12 16 20 24 28 32 36 40 44

50 12 16 21 26 30 35 40 45 50 18 55

S 52 18 13 18 18 18 23 18 28 18 34 18 39 18 44 18 50 18 55 19 01

54 15 20 26 31 37 43 49 18 55 19 01 07

56 16 22 29 35 41 47 54 19 00 07 13

58 18 25 32 38 45 52 18 59 06 13 21

S 60 18 21 18 28 18 35 18 43 18 50 18 58 19 05 19 13 19 21 19 29

© JEPPESEN SANDERSON, INC., 1996, 2006. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.

 24 FEB 06 TABLES AND CODES 123

SUNRISE AND SUNSET TABLES

✩ Sun remains continuously above the horizon ★ Sun remains continuously below the horizon

SUNRISE

November

LAT 1 4 7 10 13 16 19 22 25 28

° hm h m h m h m h m h m h m h m h m h m

N 72 08 52 09 12 09 32 09 56 10 25 11 08 ★ ★ ★ ★

70 27 08 42 08 58 09 15 09 32 09 51 10 13 10 38 11 15 ★

68 08 08 20 33 08 47 09 00 09 14 09 29 09 43 09 59 10 15

66 07 53 08 03 08 14 26 08 37 08 48 09 00 09 11 09 22 09 33

64 40 07 50 07 59 08 09 19 28 08 38 08 47 08 56 09 05

62 29 38 46 07 55 08 04 08 12 20 29 37 08 44

N 60 07 20 07 28 07 36 07 43 07 51 07 59 08 06 08 13 08 20 08 27

58 12 19 26 33 40 47 07 54 08 00 08 07 13

56 07 05 12 18 25 31 37 43 07 49 07 55 08 00

54 06 59 07 05 11 17 22 28 34 39 44 07 50

52 54 06 59 07 04 10 15 20 26 31 35 40

N 50 06 48 06 53 06 58 07 03 07 08 07 13 07 18 07 23 07 27 07 32

45 37 42 46 06 50 06 54 06 58 07 02 07 06 07 10 07 14

40 28 32 35 38 42 45 06 49 06 52 06 56 06 59

35 20 23 26 29 32 35 38 40 43 46

30 13 16 18 20 23 25 28 30 33 35

N 20 06 01 06 03 06 04 06 06 06 07 06 09 06 11 06 13 06 14 06 16

N 10 05 50 05 51 05 52 05 53 05 54 05 55 05 56 05 57 05 58 06 00

0 40 40 40 40 41 41 42 42 43 05 44

S 10 30 29 29 28 28 28 28 28 28 28

20 19 17 16 05 15 05 14 05 13 05 12 05 12 05 11 05 11

S 30 05 06 05 04 05 01 04 59 04 57 04 56 04 54 04 53 04 52 04 52

35 04 58 04 56 04 53 50 48 46 44 42 41 40

40 50 46 43 40 37 34 32 30 28 27

45 40 36 32 28 24 21 18 04 15 04 13 04 11

50 28 23 18 13 09 04 04 04 01 03 57 03 54 03 52

S 52 04 22 04 17 04 11 04 06 04 01 03 57 03 52 03 49 03 45 03 42

54 16 10 04 04 03 58 03 53 48 43 39 35 32

56 09 04 02 03 56 50 44 38 33 28 24 20

58 04 01 03 54 47 40 33 27 21 16 03 10 03 06

S 60 03 52 03 44 03 36 03 28 03 21 03 14 03 07 03 01 02 55 02 49

© JEPPESEN SANDERSON, INC., 1996, 2006. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.

124 TABLES AND CODES 24 FEB 06

SUNRISE AND SUNSET TABLES

✩ Sun remains continuously above the horizon ★ Sun remains continuously below the horizon

SUNSET

November

LAT 1 4 7 10 13 16 19 22 25 28

° h m h m h m h m h m h m h m h m h m hm

N 72 14 33 14 14 13 54 13 30 13 02 12 20 ★ ★ ★ ★

70 14 59 14 44 14 28 14 12 13 55 13 37 13 17 12 53 12 18 ★

68 15 18 15 06 14 53 14 40 14 27 14 14 14 01 13 48 13 34 13 20

66 34 23 15 12 15 01 14 51 14 40 30 14 20 14 11 14 01

64 46 37 27 18 15 09 15 00 14 52 14 44 36 29

62 15 57 48 40 32 24 16 15 09 15 03 14 56 14 51

N 60 16 06 15 59 15 51 15 44 15 37 15 30 15 24 15 18 15 13 15 08

58 14 16 07 16 00 15 54 48 42 36 31 26 22

56 21 15 08 16 02 15 57 15 52 47 42 38 35

54 27 21 16 10 16 05 16 01 15 56 15 52 49 46

52 33 28 22 17 13 08 16 05 16 01 15 58 15 55

N 50 16 38 16 33 16 28 16 24 16 20 16 16 16 12 16 09 16 06 16 04

45 49 45 41 38 34 31 28 26 24 22

40 16 59 16 55 16 52 49 46 44 41 40 38 37

35 17 07 17 04 17 01 16 59 16 57 16 55 16 53 16 51 16 50 16 49

30 14 11 09 17 07 17 06 17 04 17 03 17 02 17 01 17 00

N 20 17 26 17 25 17 23 17 22 17 21 17 20 17 20 17 19 17 19 17 19

N 10 37 36 36 35 35 35 35 35 35 36

0 47 47 47 17 47 17 48 17 48 17 49 17 50 17 51 17 51

S 10 17 58 17 58 17 59 18 00 18 01 18 02 18 03 18 05 18 06 18 07

20 18 09 18 10 18 12 13 15 17 19 21 22 24

S 30 18 22 18 24 18 26 18 29 18 31 18 34 18 36 18 39 18 42 18 44

35 29 32 35 38 41 44 47 18 50 18 53 18 56

40 38 41 45 18 48 18 52 18 56 18 59 19 02 19 06 19 09

45 18 48 18 52 18 57 19 01 19 05 19 09 19 13 17 21 25

50 19 01 19 06 19 11 16 21 26 31 36 40 45

S 52 19 06 19 12 19 17 19 23 19 29 19 34 19 39 19 44 19 50 19 54

54 13 19 25 31 37 43 48 19 54 20 00 20 05

56 20 26 33 40 46 19 53 19 59 20 05 11 17

58 28 35 42 19 50 19 57 20 04 20 11 18 25 31

S 60 19 37 19 45 19 53 20 01 20 09 20 17 20 25 20 33 20 41 20 48

© JEPPESEN SANDERSON, INC., 1996, 2006. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.

 24 FEB 06 TABLES AND CODES 125

SUNRISE AND SUNSET TABLES

✩ Sun remains continuously above the horizon ★ Sun remains continuously below the horizon

SUNRISE

December

LAT 1 4 7 10 13 16 19 22 25 28 31

° h m h m h m h m h m h m h m h m h m h m h m

N 72 ★ ★ ★ ★ ★ ★ ★ ★ ★ ★ ★

70 ★ ★ ★ ★ ★ ★ ★ ★ ★ ★ ★

68 10 32 10 50 11 12 ★ ★ ★ ★ ★ ★ ★ ★

66 09 44 09 55 10 04 10 13 10 21 10 28 10 32 10 35 10 35 10 34 10 30

64 09 14 09 22 09 29 09 36 09 42 09 46 09 50 09 52 09 53 09 53 09 51

62 08 51 08 58 09 04 09 10 09 15 09 19 21 24 25 25 24

N 60 08 33 08 39 08 45 08 50 08 54 08 57 09 00 09 02 09 03 09 03 09 03

58 18 24 29 33 37 40 08 43 08 45 08 46 08 46 08 46

56 08 06 08 11 15 19 22 25 28 30 31 32 32

54 07 54 07 59 08 03 08 07 08 10 13 15 17 18 19 19

52 44 49 07 52 07 56 07 59 08 02 08 04 08 06 08 07 08 08 08 08

N 50 07 36 07 40 07 43 07 46 07 49 07 52 07 54 07 56 07 57 07 58 07 58

45 17 21 24 27 29 32 34 35 36 37 38

40 07 02 07 05 07 08 07 10 07 12 15 17 18 20 21 22

35 06 49 06 51 06 54 06 56 06 59 07 01 07 03 07 04 07 06 07 07 07 08

30 38 40 42 45 47 06 48 06 50 06 52 06 53 06 54 06 55

N 20 06 18 06 20 06 22 06 24 06 26 06 27 06 29 06 31 06 32 06 33 06 35

N 10 06 01 06 03 06 04 06 06 06 07 06 09 06 10 06 12 06 13 06 15 06 16

0 05 45 05 46 05 47 05 49 05 50 05 52 05 53 05 55 05 56 05 58 05 59

S 10 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 37 38 40 42

20 05 12 05 12 05 12 05 13 05 14 05 15 05 17 05 18 05 20 05 21 23

S 30 04 51 04 51 04 51 04 52 04 52 04 53 04 54 04 56 04 57 04 59 05 01

35 40 39 39 39 40 40 42 43 44 46 04 48

40 26 25 25 25 25 25 26 28 29 31 33

45 04 09 04 08 04 07 04 07 04 07 04 07 04 08 04 10 04 11 04 13 04 16

50 03 49 03 48 03 46 03 45 03 45 03 45 03 46 03 47 03 49 03 51 03 54

S 52 03 40 03 38 03 36 03 35 03 34 03 34 03 35 03 36 03 38 03 40 03 43

54 29 26 24 23 22 22 23 24 26 28 31

56 16 03 13 03 11 03 10 03 09 03 08 03 09 03 10 03 11 03 14 17

58 03 02 02 58 02 56 02 54 02 52 02 52 02 52 02 53 02 55 02 57 03 00

S 60 02 45 02 40 02 37 02 34 02 32 02 31 02 31 02 32 02 34 02 37 02 40

© JEPPESEN SANDERSON, INC., 1996, 2006. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.

126 TABLES AND CODES 24 FEB 06

SUNRISE AND SUNSET TABLES

✩ Sun remains continuously above the horizon ★ Sun remains continuously below the horizon

SUNSET

December

LAT 1 4 7 10 13 16 19 22 25 28 31

° h m h m h m h m h m h m h m h m h m h m h m

N 72 ★ ★ ★ ★ ★ ★ ★ ★ ★ ★ ★

70 ★ ★ ★ ★ ★ ★ ★ ★ ★ ★ ★

68 13 05 12 49 12 29 ★ ★ ★ ★ ★ ★ ★ ★

66 13 53 13 45 13 37 13 31 13 26 13 23 13 21 13 21 13 24 13 29 13 35

64 14 23 14 17 14 12 14 08 14 06 14 04 14 03 14 04 14 06 14 10 14 14

62 14 46 14 41 38 35 33 32 32 33 35 38 14 42

N 60 15 04 15 00 14 57 14 55 14 54 14 53 14 53 14 54 14 56 14 59 15 03

58 19 16 15 14 15 12 15 11 15 10 15 11 15 12 15 14 15 17 20

56 32 29 27 26 25 25 26 27 29 31 34

54 43 41 39 38 38 38 38 40 41 44 47

52 15 53 15 51 50 49 49 49 49 15 51 15 52 15 55 15 57

N 50 16 02 16 00 15 59 15 58 15 58 15 58 15 59 16 01 16 02 16 04 16 07

45 21 20 16 19 16 19 16 19 16 19 16 20 21 23 25 27

40 36 35 35 35 35 36 37 38 40 42 44

35 16 49 16 48 16 48 16 48 16 49 16 50 16 51 16 52 16 54 16 56 16 58

30 17 00 17 00 17 00 17 01 17 01 17 02 17 03 17 05 17 07 17 08 17 10

N 20 17 19 17 20 17 20 17 21 17 22 17 23 17 25 17 26 17 28 17 29 17 31

N 10 37 37 38 39 40 42 17 43 17 45 17 46 17 48 17 49

0 17 53 17 54 17 55 17 56 17 58 17 59 18 01 18 02 18 04 18 05 18 07

S 10 18 09 18 10 18 12 18 13 18 15 18 17 18 20 21 23 24

20 26 28 30 32 34 36 37 18 39 18 40 18 41 18 43

S 30 18 47 18 49 18 51 18 53 18 55 18 57 18 59 19 01 19 02 19 03 19 04

35 18 59 19 01 19 04 19 06 19 08 19 10 19 12 14 15 16 17

40 19 12 15 18 21 23 25 27 29 30 31 32

45 29 32 35 19 38 19 41 19 43 19 45 19 47 19 48 19 49 19 50

50 49 19 53 19 57 20 00 20 03 20 06 20 08 20 10 20 11 20 11 20 12

S 52 19 59 20 03 20 07 20 11 20 14 20 17 20 19 20 20 20 22 20 22 20 22

54 20 10 15 19 23 26 29 31 33 34 34 34

56 22 28 32 36 40 20 43 20 45 20 47 20 48 20 48 20 48

58 37 20 43 20 48 20 52 20 56 21 00 21 02 21 04 21 05 21 05 21 05

S 60 20 55 21 01 21 07 21 12 21 16 21 20 21 23 21 24 21 25 21 25 21 24

© JEPPESEN SANDERSON, INC., 1996, 2006. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.

 24 FEB 06 TABLES AND CODES 127

SUNRISE AND SUNSET TABLES

Selected cities with local to UTC conversion Country City Latitude Conversion
factors. to UTC

Country City Latitude Conversion Vienna N48 - 1:06

to UTC

AFGHANISTAN AZERBAIJAN

Kabul N34 - 4:37 Baku N40 - 3:20

Kandahar N32 - 4:23 AZORES

ALASKA Lajes N39 + 1:48

Anchorage N61 + 10:01 Santa Maria N37 + 1:41

Fairbanks N65 + 9:52 BAHAMAS

ALBANIA Nassau N25 + 5:10

Tirana N41 - 1:19 BAHRAIN

ALGERIA Bahrain N26 - 3:22

Algiers N37 - 0:13 BANGLADESH

Tamanrasset N23 - 0:22 Dhaka N24 - 6:02

ANGOLA BARBADOS

Luanda S09 - 0:53 Barbados N13 + 3:58

ARGENTINA BELARUS

Buenos Aires S35 + 3:54 Minsk N54 - 1:52

Mendoza S33 + 4:35 BELGIUM

Rio Gallegos S52 + 4:37 Brussels N51 - 0:18

ARMENIA BENIN

Yerevan N40 - 2:58 Cotonou N06 - 0:10

ARUBA BHUTAN

Aruba N13 + 4:40 Paro N27 - 5:58

ASCENSION I. BOLIVIA

Ascension I. S08 + 0:57 La Paz S17 + 4:33

AUSTRALIA BOSNIA-HERZEGOVINA

Adelaide S35 - 9:14 Sarajevo N44 - 1:13

Alice Springs S24 - 8:55 BOTSWANA

Brisbane S27 - 10:13 Caborone S25 - 1:44

Darwin S12 - 8:44 BRAZIL

Melbourne S38 - 9:40 Brasilia S16 + 3:12

Perth S32 - 7:44 Recife S08 + 2:20

AUSTRIA Rio de Janeiro S23 + 2:54

Graz N47 - 1:02 Sao Paulo S23 + 3:06

Innsbruck N47 - 0:45 BRUNEI

Linz N48 - 0:57 Bandar Seri

© JEPPESEN SANDERSON, INC., 1996, 2006. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.

128 TABLES AND CODES 24 FEB 06

SUNRISE AND SUNSET TABLES

Country City Latitude Conversion Country City Latitude Conversion
to UTC to UTC

Begawan N05 - 7:40 COLOMBIA

BULGARIA Barranquilla N11 + 4:59

Sotia N43 - 1:33 Rionegro N06 + 5:02

BURUNDI Santafe de Bogota N05 + 4:57

Bujumbura S03 - 1:58 COMOROS

CAMEROON Moroni S12 - 2:53

Douala N04 - 0:39 CONGO

Garoua N09 - 0:53 Brazzaville S04 - 1:01

Yaounde N04 - 0:46 CROATIA

CANADA Dubrovnik N43 - 1:13

Gander N49 + 3:38 Zagreb N46 - 1:04

Halifax N45 + 4:14 CUBA

Montreal N46 + 4:56 Santiago Cuba N20 + 5:03

St. John’s N48 + 3:31 CYPRUS

Toronto N44 + 5:18 Larnaca N35 - 2:14

Vancouver N49 + 8:12 CZECH REPUBLIC

Winnipeg N50 + 6:29 Prague N50 - 0:57

CANARY IS. DAKHLA/LAAYOUNE

Gran Canaria N28 + 1:02 Laayoune N27 + 0:53

Tenerife N28 + 1:06 DENMARK

CAPE VERDE Aalborg N57 - 0:40

Sal N17 + 1:32 Billund N56 - 0:37

CENTRAL AFRICAN REPUBLIC Copenhagen N55 - 0:50

Bangui N04 - 1:14 Karup N56 - 0:37

CHAD DJIBOUTI

N’Djamena N12 - 1:00 Djibouti N12 - 2:53

CHAGOS ARCHIPELAGO DOMINICAN REPUBLIC

Diego Garcia S07 - 4:50 Punta Cana N19 + 4:33

CHILE Santo Domingo N18 + 4:39

Antofagasta S23 + 4:42 ECUADOR

Santiago S33 + 4:43 Latacunga S01 + 5:14

CHINA (P.R. of) Quito S00 + 5:14

Beijing N40 - 7:46 EGYPT

Kunming N25 - 6:48 Cairo N30 - 2:04

Urumqui N44 - 5:50 EQUATORIAL GUINEA

© JEPPESEN SANDERSON, INC., 1996, 2006. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.

 24 FEB 06 TABLES AND CODES 129

SUNRISE AND SUNSET TABLES

Country City Latitude Conversion Country City Latitude Conversion
to UTC to UTC

Malabo N04 - 0:35 Berlin N52 - 0:54

ERITREA Bremen N53 - 0:35

Asmara N15 - 2:36 Cologne-Bonn N51 - 0:28

ESTONIA Dusseldorf N51 - 0:27

Tallinn N59 - 1:39 Frankfurt/ N50 - 0:34

Main
ETHIOPIA
Hamburg N54 - 0:40
Addis Ababa N09 - 2:35
Hannover N52 - 0:39
FAROE IS.
Leipzig N51 - 0:49
Vagar N62 + 0:29
Munich N48 - 0:47
FINLAND
Nurnberg N49 - 0:44
Helsinki N60 - 1:40
GHANA
Oulu N65 - 1:42
Accra N06 + 0:01
FRANCE
GIBRALTAR
Basle-Mulhouse N48 - 0:30
Gibraltar N36 + 0:21
Bordeaux N45 + 0:03
GREECE
Brest N48 + 0:18
Athens N38 - 1:35
Clermont-Ferrand N46 - 0:13
Thessaloniki N41 - 1:32
Lille N51 - 0:12
GREENLAND
Limoges N46 - 0:05
Sondre Stromfjord N67 + 3:23
Lyon N46 - 0:20
Thule N77 + 4:35
Marseille N43 - 0:21
GUAM
Metz-Nancy N49 - 0:25
Guam N13 + 9:39
Nantes N47 + 0:06
GUINEA-BISSAU
Paris CDG N49 - 0:10
Bissau N12 + 1:03
Paris ORY N48 - 0:09
GUYANA
Strasbourg N49 - 0:30
Georgetown N06 + 3:53
Toulouse N44 - 0:05
HAWAII
GABON
Honolulu N21 + 10:32
Franceville S02 - 0:54
HONG KONG
Libreville N01 - 0:38
Hong Kong N22 - 7:36
GAMBIA
HUNGARY
Banjul N13 + 1:07
Budapest N47 - 1:17
GEORGIA
ICELAND
Tbilisi N42 - 3:00
Keflavik N64 + 1:30
GERMANY

© JEPPESEN SANDERSON, INC., 1996, 2006. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.

130 TABLES AND CODES 24 FEB 06

SUNRISE AND SUNSET TABLES

Country City Latitude Conversion Country City Latitude Conversion
to UTC to UTC

Reykjavik N64 + 1:28 Tokyo N36 - 9:22

INDIA JERUSALEM

Bombay N19 - 4:52 Jerusalem N32 - 2:21

Calcutta N23 - 5:54 JORDAN

Delhi N29 - 5:09 Amman N32 - 2:24

INDONESIA KAZAKHSTAN

Jakarta S06 - 7:07 Aktyubinsk N50 - 3:49

Den Pasar S09 - 7:41 Almaty N43 - 5:08

IRAN KENYA

Esfahan N33 - 3:27 Mombasa S04 - 2:38

Tehran N36 - 3:25 Nairobi S01 - 2:28

IRAQ KOREA, REPUBLIC of

Baghdad N33 - 2:57 Seoul N38 - 8:27

IRELAND KOREA, D.P.R of

Cork N52 + 0:34 Pyongyang N39 - 8:23

Dublin N53 + 0:25 KUWAIT

Shannon N53 + 0:36 Kuwait N29 - 3:12

ISRAEL LATVIA

Tel Aviv N32 - 2:20 Riga N57 - 1:36

ITALY LEBANON

Bergamo N46 - 0:39 Beirut N34 - 2:22

Bologna N45 - 0:45 LESOTHO

Genoa N44 - 0:35 Maseru S29 - 1:50

Milano N46 - 0:35 LIBERIA

Rome N42 - 0:49 Monrovia N06 + 0:43

Torino N45 - 0:31 LIBYA, SPAJ

Venice N46 - 0:49 Tripoli N33 - 0:53

Verona N45 - 0:44 LITHUANIA

IVORY COAST Vilnius N55 - 1:41

Abidjan N05 + 0:16 LUXEMBOURG

JAPAN Luxembourg N50 - 0:25

Fukuoka N34 - 8:42 MACEDONIA

Naha N26 - 8:31 Ohrid N41 - 1:23

Osaka N35 - 9:02 Skopje N42 - 1:26

Sapporo N43 - 9:27 MADAGASCAR

© JEPPESEN SANDERSON, INC., 1996, 2006. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.

 24 FEB 06 TABLES AND CODES 131

SUNRISE AND SUNSET TABLES

Country City Latitude Conversion Country City Latitude Conversion
to UTC to UTC

Antananarivo S19 - 3:10 Rotterdam N52 - 0:18

MADEIRA IS. NEW ZEALAND

Funchal N33 + 1:07 Auckland S37 - 11:40

MALAYSIA Christchurch S43 - 11:30

Kuala Lumpur N03 - 6:47 Invercargill S46 - 11:13

MALAWI Wellington S41 - 11:39

Blantyre S16 - 2:20 NIGER

MALDIVES Niamey N13 - 0:09

Male N04 4:64 NIGERIA

MALI Lagos N07 - 0:13

Bamako N13 + 0:32 NORWAY

MALTA Bardufoss N69 - 1:14

Malta N36 - 0:58 Bergen N60 - 0:21

MAURITANIA Hammerfest N71 - 1:35

Nouakchott N18 + 1:04 Oslo N60 - 0:42

MAURITIUS Stavanger N59 - 0:22

Mauritius S20 3:51 Trondheim N63 - 0:44

MEXICO OMAN

Acapulco N17 + 6:39 Muscat N24 - 3:53

Mexico City N19 + 6:36 PAKISTAN

MONGOLIA Karachi N25 - 4:29

Ulaan Baatar N48 - 7:07 Lahore N32 - 4:58

MOROCCO PANAMA

Casablanca N33 + 0:30 Panama City N09 + 5:18

Marrakech N32 + 0:32 PARAGUAY

MOZAMBIQUE Asuncion S25 + 3:50

Maputo S26 - 2:10 PERU

MYANMAR Lima-Callao S12 + 5:08

Yangon N17 - 6:24 PHILIPPINES

NAMIBIA Manila N15 - 8:04

Windhoek S22 - 1:10 POLAND

NEPAL Warsaw N52 - 1:24

Kathmandu N28 - 7:41 PORTUGAL

NETHERLANDS Lisbon N39 + 0:37

Amsterdam N52 - 0:19 Porto N41 + 0:35

© JEPPESEN SANDERSON, INC., 1996, 2006. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.

132 TABLES AND CODES 24 FEB 06

SUNRISE AND SUNSET TABLES

Country City Latitude Conversion Country City Latitude Conversion
to UTC to UTC

QATAR SUDAN

Doha N25 - 3:26 Khartoum N16 - 2:10

ROMANIA SWEDEN

Bucharest N45 - 1:44 Goteborg N58 - 0:49

RUSSIA Malmo N55 - 0:53

Mineral’nyye Vody N44 - 2:52 Stockholm N60 - 1:12

Moscow N55 - 2:32 SWITZERLAND

St. Petersburg N60 - 2:01 Geneva N46 - 0:24

SAUDI ARABIA Zurich N47 - 0:34

Dhahran N26 - 3:21 SYRIA

Jeddah N22 - 2:37 Damascus N33 - 2:26

Riyadh N25 - 3:07 TAIWAN

SENEGAL Taipei N25 - 8:05

Dakar N15 + 1:10 TANZANIA

SEYCHELLES Dar-es-Salaam S07 - 2:37

Seychelles S05 - 3:42 THAILAND

SIERRA LEONE Bangkok N14 - 6:42

Freetown N09 + 0:53 TOGO

SINGAPORE Lome N06 - 0:05

Singapore N01 - 6:56 TUNISIA

SLOVAKIA Tunis N37 - 0:41

Bratislava N48 - 1:09 TURKEY

SLOVENIA Ankara N40 - 2:12

Ljubljana N45 - 0:58 Istanbul N41 - 1:55

SOMALIA Izmir N38 - 1:49

Mogadishu N02 - 3:01 UGANDA

SOUTH AFRICAN REPUBLIC Entebbe N00 - 2:10

Cape Town S34 - 1:14 UKRAINE

Johannesburg S26 - 1:53 Kiev N50 - 2:04

SPAIN UNITED ARAB EMIRATES

Barcelona N41 - 0:08 Abu Dhabi N24 - 3:36

Madrid N40 + 0:14 Dubai N25 - 3:41

Palma N39 - 0:11 UNITED STATES OF AMERICA

SRI LANKA Atlanta, Ga N34 + 5:38

Colombo N07 - 5:20 Baltimore, Md N39 + 5:07

© JEPPESEN SANDERSON, INC., 1996, 2006. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.

 24 FEB 06 TABLES AND CODES 133

SUNRISE AND SUNSET TABLES

Country City Latitude Conversion Country City Latitude Conversion
to UTC to UTC

Bangor, Maine N45 + 4:35 Glasgow N56 + 0:18

Boston, Mass N42 + 4:44 Liverpool N53 + 0:11

Chicago, Ill N42 + 5:52 London N51 + 0:02

Cincinnati, Ohio N39 + 5:39 Luton N52 + 0:01

Cleveland, Ohio N41 + 5:27 Manchester N53 + 0:09

Dallas-Ft Worth, N33 + 6:28 Newcastle N55 + 0:07

Texas URUGUAY

Denver, Colo N40 + 6:59 Montevideo S35 + 3:44

Detroit, Mich N42 + 5:33 VENEZUELA

Dover, Del N39 + 5:02 Maracaibo N11 + 4:47

Greensboro, N N36 + 5:20 VIETNAM

Car
Hochiminh N11 - 7:07
Houston, Texas N30 + 6:21
YEMEN
Indianapolis, Ind N40 + 5:45
Aden N13 - 3:00
Kansas City, Mo N39 + 6:19
Sanaa N15 - 2:57
Los Angeles, Calif N34 + 7:54
YUGOSLAVIA
Memphis, Tenn N35 + 6:00
Belgrade N45 - 1:21
Minneapolis, Minn N45 + 6:13
ZAIRE
New Orleans, La N30 + 6:01
Kinshasa S04 - 1:02
New York, NY N41 + 4:55
ZAMBIA
Orlando, Fla N28 + 5:25
Lusaka S15 - 1:54
Philadelphia, Pa N40 + 5:01
ZIMBABWE
Portland, Oreg N46 + 8:10
Harare S18 - 2:04
Salt Lake City, N41 + 7:28
Utah

San Francisco, N38 + 8:09

Calif

Seattle, Wash N47 + 8:09

St. Louis, Mo N39 + 6:01

Tampa, Fla N28 + 5:30

Washington, Va N39 + 5:10

UNITED KINGDOM

Belfast N55 + 0:25

Birmingham N52 + 0:07

East Midlands N53 + 0:05

Edinburgh N56 + 0:13

© JEPPESEN SANDERSON, INC., 1996, 2006. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.

 23 MAR 07 TABLES AND CODES 141

WORLDWIDE LOCAL TIMES

DIFFERENCES BETWEEN UTC
(Z) & LOCAL TIME
For countries with legal Summertime add one hour
to the derived local time during the period when legal
Summertime applies.

COUNTRY LOCAL TIME LEGAL SUMMERTIME PERIOD

Afghanistan UTC + 4h 30 min —
Albania UTC + 1h 25 MAR 07, 0100Z - 28 OCT 07, 0100Z
Algeria UTC + 1h —
American Samoa UTC - 11h —
Andorra UTC + 1h 25 MAR 07, 0100Z - 28 OCT 07, 0100Z
Angola UTC + 1h —
Anguilla UTC - 4h —
Antigua UTC - 4h —
Argentina UTC - 3h —
Armenia UTC + 4h 24 MAR 07, 2200Z - 27 OCT 07, 2200Z
Aruba UTC - 4h —
Australia
UTC + 11h 30 min —
– Norfolk I
– ACT, New South Wales, Victoria UTC + 10h 28 OCT 07, 1600Z - 30 MAR 08, 1600Z
UTC + 10h —
– Queensland
– Tasmania UTC + 10h 7 OCT 07, 1600Z - 30 MAR 08, 1600Z
UTC + 9h 30 min —
– Northern Territory
– South Australia UTC + 9h 30 min 28 OCT 07, 1630Z - 30 MAR 08, 1630Z
UTC + 8h —
– Western Australia
UTC + 7h —
– Christmas I
UTC + 6h 30 min —
– Cocos (Keeling) I
Austria UTC + 1h 25 MAR 07, 0100Z - 28 OCT 07, 0100Z
Azerbaijan UTC + 4h 25 MAR 07, 2100Z - 28 OCT 07, 2000Z
Azores UTC - 1h 25 MAR 07, 0100Z - 28 OCT 07, 0100Z
Bahamas UTC - 5h 29 APR 07, 0700Z - 28 OCT 07, 0600Z
Bahrain UTC + 3h —
Bangladesh UTC + 6h —
Barbados UTC - 4h —
Belarus UTC + 2h 25 MAR 07, 0000Z - 28 OCT 07, 0000Z
Belgium UTC + 1h 25 MAR 07, 0100Z - 28 OCT 07, 0100Z
Belize UTC - 6h —
Benin UTC + 1h —
Bermuda UTC - 4h 1 APR 07, 0600Z - 28 OCT 07, 0500Z
Bhutan UTC + 6h —
Bolivia UTC - 4h —
Bosnia-Herzegovina UTC + 1h 25 MAR 07, 0100Z - 28 OCT 07, 0100Z
Botswana UTC + 2h —
Brazil
UTC - 2h —
– Fernando de Noronha
– Brazilia, Rio de Janeiro, Sao UTC - 3h 21 OCT 07, 0300Z - 24 FEB 08, 0200Z
Paulo, Sergipe (except Amapa and Para (eastern))
– Mato Grosso UTC - 4h 21 OCT 07, 0400Z - 24 FEB 08, 0300Z
(except Amazonas, Para (western), Rondonia
and Roraima)

q$z

© JEPPESEN SANDERSON, INC., 2002, 2007. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.

 142 TABLES AND CODES 23 MAR 07

WORLDWIDE LOCAL TIMES

COUNTRY LOCAL TIME LEGAL SUMMERTIME PERIOD

UTC - 5h —
– Acre
British Virgin Is UTC - 4h —
Brunei UTC + 8h —
Bulgaria UTC + 2h 25 MAR 07, 0100Z - 28 OCT 07, 0100Z
Burkina Faso UTC —
Burundi UTC + 2h —
Cambodia UTC + 7h —
Cameroon UTC + 1 —
Canary Is. UTC 25 MAR 07, 0100Z - 28 OCT 07, 0100Z
Canada
– Newfoundland, Labrador UTC - 3h 30 min 11 MAR 07, 0331Z - 4 NOV 07, 0231Z

– Atlantic (Labrador, New UTC - 4h 11 MAR 07, 0600Z - 4 NOV 07, 0500Z
Brunswick, Nova Scotia, Prince
Edward I)
– Eastern (Nunavut, Ontario, UTC - 5h 11 MAR 07, 0700Z - 4 NOV 07, 0600Z
Quebec)
– Central (Manitoba, Nunavut, UTC - 6h 11 MAR 07, 0800Z - 4 NOV 07, 0700Z
Ontario, Saskatchewan) (except Saskatchewan)
– Mountain (Alberta, British UTC - 7h 11 MAR 07, 0900Z - 4 NOV 07, 0800Z
Columbia, Northwest Territories,
Nunavut)
– Pacific (British Columbia, UTC - 8h 11 MAR 07, 1000Z - 4 NOV 07, 0900Z
Nunavut, Yukon)
Cape Verde UTC - 1h —
Cayman Is. UTC - 5h —
Central African Republic UTC + 1h —
Chad UTC + 1h —
Chile UTC - 4h 13 OCT 07, 0400Z - 8 MAR 08, 0300Z
– Easter I. UTC - 6h 13 OCT 07, 0400Z - 8 MAR 08, 0300Z
China, PR of UTC + 8h —
Colombia UTC - 5h —
Comoros UTC + 3h —
Congo, DR of
UTC + 2h —
– East
UTC + 1h —
– West
Congo, Republic of UTC + 1h —
Cook Is UTC - 10h —
Costa Rica UTC - 6h —
Croatia UTC + 1h 25 MAR 07, 0100Z - 28 OCT 07, 0100Z
Cuba UTC - 5h 11 MAR 07, 0500Z - 4 NOV 07, 0500Z
Cyprus UTC + 2h 25 MAR 07, 0100Z - 28 OCT 07, 0100Z
Czech Republic UTC + 1h 25 MAR 07, 0100Z - 28 OCT 07, 0100Z
Denmark UTC + 1h 25 MAR 07, 0100Z - 28 OCT 07, 0100Z
Djibouti UTC + 3h —
Dominica UTC - 4h —
Dominican Republic UTC - 4h —
Ecuador UTC - 5h —
UTC - 6h —
– Galapagos Is.
Egypt UTC + 2h 26 APR 07, 2200Z - 27 SEP 07, 2100Z
El Salvador UTC - 6h 20 MAY 07, 0600Z - 2 SEP 07, 0500Z

q$z

© JEPPESEN SANDERSON, INC., 2002, 2007. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.

 4 MAY 07 TABLES AND CODES 143

WORLDWIDE LOCAL TIMES

COUNTRY LOCAL TIME LEGAL SUMMERTIME PERIOD

Equatorial Guinea UTC + 1h —
Eritrea UTC + 3h —
Estonia UTC + 2h 25 MAR 07, 0100Z - 28 OCT 07, 0100Z
Ethiopia UTC + 3h —
Faroe Is. UTC 25 MAR 07, 0100Z - 28 OCT 07, 0100Z
Fiji Is. UTC + 12h —
Finland UTC + 2h 25 MAR 07, 0100Z - 28 OCT 07, 0100Z
France UTC + 1 25 MAR 07, 0100Z - 28 OCT 07, 0100Z
French Guiana UTC - 3h —
French Polynesia UTC - 10h —
UTC - 9h 30min —
– Marquesas Is
Gabon UTC + 1h —
Gambia UTC —
Georgia UTC + 3h —
Germany UTC + 1h 25 MAR 07, 0100Z - 28 OCT 07, 0100Z
Ghana UTC —
Gibraltar UTC + 1h 25 MAR 07, 0100Z - 28 OCT 07, 0100Z
Great Britain (UK) UTC 25 MAR 07, 0100Z - 28 OCT 07, 0100Z
Greece UTC + 2h 25 MAR 07, 0100Z - 28 OCT 07, 0100Z
Greenland
– Northeastern part UTC - 1h 25 MAR 07, 0100Z - 28 OCT 07, 0100Z

– Central part UTC - 2h 25 MAR 07, 0100Z - 28 OCT 07, 0100Z

– Western part UTC - 3h 11 MAR 07, 0600Z - 4 NOV 07, 0500Z

Grenada UTC - 4h —
Guadeloupe UTC - 4h —
Guam UTC + 10h —
Guatemala UTC - 6h 29 APR 07, 0600Z - 30 SEP 07, 0500Z
Guinea UTC —
Guinea-Bissau UTC —
Guyana UTC - 4h —
Haiti UTC - 5h —
Honduras UTC - 6h 6 MAY 07, 0600Z - 6 AUG 07, 0500Z
Hong Kong, PR of China UTC + 8h —
Hungary UTC + 1h 25 MAR 07, 0100Z - 28 OCT 07, 0100Z
Iceland UTC —
India UTC + 5h 30 min —
Indonesia
UTC + 9h —
– Eastern
UTC + 8h —
– Central
UTC + 7h —
– Western
Iran UTC + 3h 30 min
Iraq UTC + 3h 1 APR 07, 0000Z - 31 OCT 07, 0000Z
Ireland UTC 25 MAR 07, 0100Z - 28 OCT 07, 0100Z
Israel UTC + 2h 30 MAR 07, 0000Z - 15 SEP 07, 2300Z
Italy UTC + 1h 25 MAR 07, 0100Z - 28 OCT 07, 0100Z
Ivory Coast UTC —
Jamaica UTC - 5h —
Japan UTC + 9h —
Johnston Atoll UTC - 10h —

q$z

© JEPPESEN SANDERSON, INC., 2002, 2007. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.

 144 TABLES AND CODES 4 MAY 07

WORLDWIDE LOCAL TIMES

COUNTRY LOCAL TIME LEGAL SUMMERTIME PERIOD

Jordan UTC + 2h 28 MAR 07, 2200Z - 25 OCT 07, 2200Z
Kazakhstan
UTC + 4h —
– Western
UTC + 6h —
– Eastern
Kenya UTC + 3h —
Kiribati —
UTC + 14h —
– Line Is
UTC + 13h —
– Phoenix Is
UTC + 12h —
– Gilbert Is
Korea, D.P.R of UTC + 9h —
Korea, Republic of UTC + 9h —
Kuwait UTC + 3h —
Kyrgyzstan UTC + 5h —
Laos UTC + 7h —
Latvia UTC + 2h 25 MAR 07, 0100Z - 28 OCT 07, 0100Z
Lebanon UTC + 2h 25 MAR 07, 0000Z - 28 OCT 07, 0000Z
Lesotho UTC + 2h —
Liberia UTC —
Libya UTC + 2h —
Liechtenstein UTC + 1h 25 MAR 07, 0100Z - 28 OCT 07, 0100Z
Lithuania UTC + 2h 25 MAR 07, 0100Z - 28 OCT 07, 0100Z
Luxembourg UTC + 1h 25 MAR 07, 0100Z - 28 OCT 07, 0100Z
Macau, PR of China UTC + 8h —
Macedonia, FYR of UTC + 1h 25 MAR 07, 0100Z - 28 OCT 07, 0100Z
Madagascar UTC + 3h —
Madeira UTC 25 MAR 07, 0100Z - 28 OCT 07, 0100Z
Malawi UTC + 2h —
Malaysia UTC + 8h —
Maldives UTC + 5h —
Mali UTC —
Malta UTC + 1h 25 MAR 07, 0100Z - 28 OCT 07, 0100Z
Marshall Is UTC + 12h —
Martinique UTC - 4h —
Mauritania UTC —
Mauritius UTC + 4h —
Mexico
– Baja California North UTC - 8h 1 APR 07, 1000Z - 28 OCT 07, 1000Z

– Baja California South, UTC - 7h 1 APR 07, 0900Z - 28 OCT 07, 0900Z
Chihuahua, Nayarit, Sinaloa,
Sonora
– South, Central and Eastern UTC - 6h 1 APR 07, 0800Z - 28 OCT 07, 0800Z
Micronesia, Federated States of
UTC + 11h —
– Kosrae, Pohnpei
UTC + 10h —
– Yap, Chuuk
Midway I UTC - 11h —
Miquelon I (France) UTC - 3h 11 APR 07, 0500Z - 4 NOV 07, 0400Z
Moldova UTC + 2h 25 MAR 07, 0100Z - 28 OCT 07, 0100Z
Mongolia UTC + 8
Morocco UTC —

q$z

© JEPPESEN SANDERSON, INC., 2002, 2007. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.

 4 MAY 07 TABLES AND CODES 145

WORLDWIDE LOCAL TIMES

COUNTRY LOCAL TIME LEGAL SUMMERTIME PERIOD

Mozambique UTC + 2 —
Myanmar UTC + 6hr 30min —
Namibia UTC + 1h 3 SEP 06, 0100Z - 1 APR 07, 0000Z
2 SEP 07, 0100Z - 6 APR 08, 0000Z
Nauru I UTC + 12h —
Nepal UTC + 5hr 45 min —
Netherlands UTC + 1h 25 MAR 07, 0100Z - 28 OCT 07, 0100Z
Netherlands Antilles UTC - 4h —
New Caledonia UTC + 11h —
New Zealand UTC + 12h 6 OCT 07, 1400Z - 15 MAR 08, 1400Z
– Chatham Is UTC + 12hr 45 min 6 OCT 07, 1400Z - 15 MAR 08, 1400Z
Nicaragua UTC - 6h 25 APR 07, 0800Z - 7 OCT 07, 0700Z
Niger UTC + 1h —
Nigeria UTC + 1h —
Niue UTC - 11h —
Northern Mariana Is UTC + 10h —
Norway UTC + 1h 25 MAR 07, 0100Z - 28 OCT 07, 0100Z
Oman UTC + 4h —
Pakistan UTC + 5h —
Palau UTC + 9h —
Palestine Areas UTC + 2h 31 MAR 07, 2200Z - 18 OCT 07, 2100Z
Panama UTC - 5h —
Papua New Guinea UTC + 10h —
Paraguay UTC - 4h 21 OCT 07, 0400Z - 8 MAR 08, 0300Z
Peru UTC - 5h —
Philippines UTC + 8h —
Poland UTC + 1h 25 MAR 07, 0100Z - 28 OCT 07, 0100Z
Portugal UTC 25 MAR 07, 0100Z - 28 OCT 07, 0100Z
Puerto Rico UTC - 4h —
Qatar UTC + 3h —
Reunion UTC + 4h —
Romania UTC + 2h 25 MAR 07, 0100Z - 28 OCT 07, 0100Z
Russia
– Kalingrad UTC + 2h 25 MAR 07, 0000Z – 28 OCT 07, 0000Z

– European part UTC + 3h 24 MAR 07, 2300Z - 27 OCT 07, 2300Z

– Smaller areas around the river UTC + 4h 24 MAR 07, 2200Z - 27 OCT 07, 2200Z
Volga
– Ural region and parts of west UTC + 5h 24 MAR 07, 2100Z - 27 OCT 07, 2100Z
Siberia
– West / and parts of Central UTC + 6h 24 MAR 07, 2000Z - 27 OCT 07, 2000Z
Siberia
– Parts of Central Siberia UTC + 7h 24 MAR 07, 1900Z - 27 OCT 07, 1900Z

– Parts of East Siberia UTC + 8h 24 MAR 07, 1800Z - 27 OCT 07, 1800Z

– Parts of East Siberia and parts UTC + 9h 24 MAR 07, 1700Z - 27 OCT 07, 1700Z
of the Far East
– Parts of the Far East UTC + 10h 24 MAR 07, 1600Z - 27 OCT 07, 1600Z

– Parts of the Far East UTC + 11h 24 MAR 07, 1500Z - 27 OCT 07, 1500Z

– Parts of the Far East UTC + 12h 24 MAR 07, 1400Z - 27 OCT 07, 1400Z
Rwanda UTC + 2h —

© JEPPESEN SANDERSON, INC., 2002, 2007. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.

146 TABLES AND CODES 4 MAY 07

WORLDWIDE LOCAL TIMES

COUNTRY LOCAL TIME LEGAL SUMMERTIME PERIOD

St Kitts UTC - 4h —
St Lucia UTC - 4h —
St Pierre I (France) UTC - 3h 11 MAR 07, 0500Z - 4 NOV 07, 0400Z
St Vincent UTC - 4h —
Samoa UTC - 11h —
Sao Tome and Principe UTC —
Saudi Arabia UTC + 3h
Senegal UTC —
Serbia and Montenegro UTC + 1h 25 MAR 07, 0100Z - 28 OCT 07, 0100Z
Seychelles UTC + 4h —
Sierra Leone UTC —
Singapore UTC + 8h —
Slovakia UTC + 1h 25 MAR 07, 0100Z - 28 OCT 07, 0100Z
Slovenia UTC + 1h 25 MAR 07, 0100Z - 28 OCT 07, 0100Z
Solomon Is. UTC + 11h —
Somalia UTC + 3h —
South African Republic UTC + 2h —
Spain UTC + 1h 25 MAR 07, 0100Z - 28 OCT 07, 0100Z
Sri Lanka UTC + 6 —
Sudan UTC + 3h —
Suriname UTC - 3h —
Swaziland UTC + 2h —
Sweden UTC + 1h 25 MAR 07, 0100Z - 28 OCT 07, 0100Z
Switzerland UTC + 1h 25 MAR 07, 0100Z - 28 OCT 07, 0100Z
Syria UTC + 2h 31 MAR 07, 2200Z - 30 SEP 07, 2100Z
Taiwan UTC + 8h —
Tajikistan UTC + 5h —
Tanzania UTC + 3h —
Thailand UTC + 7h —
Togo UTC —
Tonga UTC + 13h —
Trinidad and Tobago UTC - 4h —
Tunisia UTC + 1h 25 MAR 07, 0100Z - 28 OCT 07, 0100Z
Turkey UTC + 2h 25 MAR 07, 0100Z - 28 OCT 07, 0100Z
Turkmenistan UTC + 5h —
Turks & Caicos Is. UTC - 5h 1 APR 07, 0500Z - 28 OCT 07, 0400Z
Tuvalu UTC + 12h —
Uganda UTC + 3h —
Ukraine UTC + 2h 25 MAR 07, 0100Z - 28 OCT 07, 0100Z
United Arab Emirates UTC + 4h —
United Kingdom UTC 25 MAR 07, 0100Z - 28 OCT 07, 0100Z
United States of America
– Eastern UTC - 5h 11 MAR 07, 0700Z - 4 NOV 07, 0600Z

– Central UTC - 6h 11 MAR 07, 0800Z - 4 NOV 07, 0700Z

– Mountain UTC - 7h 11 MAR 07, 0900Z - 4 NOV 07, 0800Z

(except Arizona)
– Pacific UTC - 8h 11 MAR 07, 1000Z - 4 NOV 07, 0900Z

– Alaska UTC - 9h 11 MAR 07, 1100Z - 4 NOV 07, 1000Z

– Alaska (Aleutian Is) UTC - 10h 11 MAR 07, 1200Z - 4 NOV 07, 1100Z
UTC - 10h —
– Hawaii

© JEPPESEN SANDERSON, INC., 2002, 2007. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.

 4 MAY 07 TABLES AND CODES 147

WORLDWIDE LOCAL TIMES

COUNTRY LOCAL TIME LEGAL SUMMERTIME PERIOD

Uruguay UTC - 3h 7 OCT 06, 0500Z - 8 MAR 08, 0400Z
Uzbekistan UTC + 5h —
Vanuatu UTC + 11h —
Venezuela UTC - 4h —
Vietnam UTC + 7h —
Virgin Is of the United States UTC - 4h —
Wake I UTC + 12h —
Wallis & Futuna Is UTC + 12h —
Yemen UTC + 3h —
Zambia UTC + 2h —
Zimbabwe UTC + 2h —

© JEPPESEN SANDERSON, INC., 2002, 2007. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.

 6 OCT 06 TABLES AND CODES 301

INTERNATIONAL DIALLING PROCEDURES

Based on the recommendations of the International Telecommunication Union ITU Operational Bulletin 849
INTERNATIONAL DIALLING PROCEDURES

dated 1 December 2005

COUNTRY Code COUNTRY Code

Afghanistan +93 Comoros4 +269
Albania +355 Congo D.R. of +243
Algeria +213 Congo, Rep of +242
American Samoa +1 Cook Is +682
Andorra +376 Costa Rica +506
Angola +244 Croatia +385
Anguilla +1 Cuba +53
Antigua and Barbuda +1 Cyprus +357
Argentina +54 Czech +420
Armenia +374 Denmark +45
Aruba +297 Diego Garcia +246
Ascension I +247 Djibouti +253
Australia +61 Dominica +1
Australian Ext. Terr.7 +672 Dominican Rep. +1
Austria +43 Ecuador +593
Azerbaijan +994 Egypt +20
Bahamas +1 El Salvador +503
Bahrain +973 Equatorial Guinea +240
Bangladesh +880 Eritrea +291
Barbados +1 Estonia +372
Belarus +375 Ethiopia +251
Belgium2 +32 Falkland Is (Malvinas) +500
Belize +501 Faroe Is +298
Benin +229 Fiji Is +679
Bermuda +1 Finland +358
Bhutan +975 France2 +33
Bolivia +591 French Guiana +594
Bosnia-Herzegovina +387 French Polynesia +689
Botswana +267 Gabon +241
Brazil +55 Gambia +220
British Vergin Is +1 Georgia +995
Brunei Darussalam +673 Germany +49
Bulgaria +359 Ghana +233
Burkina Faso +226 Gibraltar +350
Burundi +257 Greece2 +30
Cambodia +855 Greenland +299
Cameroon +237 Grenada +1
Canada +1 Group of countries, +388
shared code12
Cape Verde +238 Guadeloupe +590
Cayman Is +1 Guam +1
Central African Rep. +236 Guatemala +502
Chad +235 Guinea Rep +224
Chile +56 Guinea-Bissau +245
China, P.R. of +86 Guyana +592
Colombia1 +57 Haiti +509

Supplied by Jeppesen Sanderson.

302 TABLES AND CODES 6 OCT 06

INTERNATIONAL DIALLING PROCEDURES

COUNTRY Code COUNTRY Code
Honduras +504 Monaco +377
Hong Kong, P.R. of +852 Mongolia +976
China
Hungary +36 Montserrat I +1
Iceland +354 Morocco +212
India +91 Mozambique +258
Indonesia +62 Myanmar +95
Iran +98 Namibia +264
Iraq +964 Nauru +674
Ireland3 +353 Nepal +977
Israel +972 Neth Antilles +599
Italy6 +39 Netherlands +31
Ivory Coast +225 New Caledonia +687
Jamaica +1 New Zealand +64
Japan +81 Nicaragua +505
Jordan +962 Niger +227
Kazakhstan +7 Nigeria +234
Kenya11 +254 Niue +683
Kiribati +686 Northern Marianas Is +1
Korea, DPR of +850 Norway +47
Korea, Rep of +82 Oman +968
Kuwait +965 Pakistan +92
Kyrgyzstan +996 Palau +680
Laos +856 Panama +507
Latvia +371 Papua New Guinea +675
Lebanon +961 Paraguay +595
Lesotho +266 Peru +51
Liberia +231 Philippines +63
Libya SPAJ +218 Poland +48
Liechtenstein +423 Portugal +351
Lithuania +370 Puerto Rico +1
Luxembourg +352 Qatar +974
Macao, P.R. of China +853 Reunion +262
Macedonia, FYR +389 Romania +40
Madagascar +261 Russia +7
Malawi +265 Rwanda +250
Malaysia8 +60 St Helena +290
Maldives +960 St Kitts +1
Mali +223 St Pierre I +508
Malta +356 St Vincent +1
Marshall Is +692 Samoa +685
Martinique +596 San Marino5 +378
Mauritania +222 Sao Tome and Principe +239
Mauritius +230 Saudi Arabia +966
Mayotte4 +269 Senegal +221
Mexico +52 Serbia and Montenegro +381
Micronesia +691 Seychelles +248
Moldova +373 Sierra Leone +232
Singapore9 +65 Slovakia +421

Supplied by Jeppesen Sanderson.

 6 OCT 06 TABLES AND CODES 303

INTERNATIONAL DIALLING PROCEDURES

COUNTRY Code COUNTRY Code
Slovenia +386 Turkey +90
Solomon Is +677 Turkmenistan +993
Somalia +252 Turks and Caicos Is +1
South African Rep +27 Tuvalu +688
Spain +34 Uganda11 +256
Sri Lanka +94 Ukraine +380
Sudan +249 United Arab Emirates +971
Suriname +597 United Kingdom +44
Swaziland +268 United States +1
Sweden +46 Uruguay +598
Switzerland +41 Uzbekistan +998
Syria +963 Vanuatu +678
Taiwan +886 Vatican10 +379
Tajikistan +992 Vatican +39
Tanzania11 +255 Venezuela +58
Thailand +66 Vietnam +84
Timor-Leste +670 Virtgin Is +1
Togo +228 Wallis and Futuna Is +681
Tokelau +690 Yemen +967
Tonga +676 Zambia +260
Trinidad and Tobago +1 Zimbabwe +263
Tunisia +216
1
The length of the national (significant) number(s) will be 8 digits for geographic numbering and 10 digits for
non-geographic numbering (networks and services).
2 The ‘0’ is used on all domestic calls, including in the same city, but is omitted when dialling from other
countries.
3
When dialling from Ireland to Northern Ireland, the area code used should be ‘048’ instead of ‘004428’.
4
In Comoros Islands, the subscriber numbers begin with digit ‘3 and 7’ and Mayotte digit ‘2 and 6’.
5
When dialling from San Marino to Italy, the complete national subscriber number must be used, without
prefixing the number by ‘0039’.
6When dialling from Italy to San Marino, the subscriber number must be prefixed by ‘0549’ instead of ‘00378’.
7Including Australia Antarctic Territory Bases and Norfolk Island (international prefix for Norfolk Island is
‘0101’).
8
When dialling from Malaysia to Singapore, the subscriber number must be prefixed by ‘02’ instead of ‘0065’.
9
When dialling from Singapore to Malaysia, the area code and subscriber number must be prefixed by ‘020’
instead of ‘00160’.
10
The country code is listed for future use (Vatican is currently using country code ‘39’).
11
When dialling between Kenya, Tanzania and Uganda the national (significant) number must be prefixed by
005 for Kenya, 006 for Uganda and 007 for Tanzania.
12ECTRA (a European body) proposed that country code +388 be assigned for a European Telephony
Numbering Space (ETNS), applicable throughout Europe for Europe-wide services. This code would
supplement, but not replace, existing country codes used by each European Nation. One advantage is that
companies could replace different numbers from different European countries with a single +388 number. For
more information see http://www.etns.org.

Supplied by Jeppesen Sanderson.