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 Table of Content

Part 1 Expressing Creative Thoughts through

Imaginative Writing
Lesson I: Creative Writing vs. Other Forms of Writing........................................................2
Lesson II: Sensory Experience in Imaginative Writing.........................................................9
Lesson III: Language of Creative Writing.............................................................................15

Part 2 Sharing Inner Self Through Poetry

Lesson IV: Introduction to Poetry..........................................................................................20
Lesson V: Elements of Poetry................................................................................................25
Lesson VI: Different Forms of Poetry...................................................................................32
Lesson VII: Experimental Texts............................................................................................35

Part 3 Reading and Writing Fiction

Lesson IX: Nature of Fiction..................................................................................................41
Lesson X: The Essential Elements of Fiction........................................................................46
Lesson XI: The Setting in a Fictional Work..........................................................................49
Lesson XII: Coming Across Characters in Fiction................................................................55
Lesson XIII: Looking through Point of View in Fiction........................................................60
Lesson XIV: Advancing Challenging Plots in Fiction...........................................................66
Lesson XV: Discovering Voice in Fiction.............................................................................71
Lesson XVI: Developing Style in the World of Fiction.........................................................75
Lesson XVII: Materializing Themes in Fictional Works.......................................................79

Part 4 Depicting Life’s Glories and Miseries through

Writing Diplomatic Plays
Lesson XVIII: Definition and Nature of Drama....................................................................85
Lesson XIX: Elements of Drama...........................................................................................91
Lesson XX: Types of Drama..................................................................................................95
Lesson XXI: Script Writing...................................................................................................98
Lesson XXII: How to Analyze Drama...................................................................................103
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 Part 1
Expressing Creative Thoughts through Imaginative Writing

LESSON I: Creative Writing vs. Other Forms of Writing

The human mind is a vast universe that contains limitless thoughts, and no one can fathom its
complexities unless explored and expressed. It is necessary that one share pieces of their
universe in any form possible liberate the encapsulated ideas inside of you.

There are various ways on how people share these thoughts. Others do it through visual arts,
some of the movements, many of music, and a lot of writing. This lesson focuses on writing
to express. Though there are different types of writing, this will primarily highlight creative
writing and its differences to other forms of writing. This will give you a clear picture of
what creative writing is, its pasture, and its uses.

At the end of the lesson, you should be able to:

1. Define creative writing;
2. Understand the nature of creative writing;
3. Differentiate creative writing to other forms of writing;
4. Appreciate creative works of literary authors; and
5. Write creative writing piece.
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Creative Writing and Its Difference to Other Forms of Writing
Do you have any idea what creative writing is? Are you familiar with the different forms of
creative writing?

Creative writing is the artistic expression through written word. It is used to express the
writer's ideas and emotions in an artistic manner. Unlike other forms of writing, it uses a
language that aims to entertain and captivate the audience.

The table below shows the comparison between creative writing and technical writing to
fully understand what creative writing is.

Technical Writing Creative Writing

Forms/Samples

Objective

Content
Audience
Diction
Structure

In writing, a writer is a painter that paints the pictures in a scene, emotion and other
significant human experience through his/her words.

Sample Creative Works

Creative works can be classified as poetry, fiction, and drama. Below are the samples of
creative works per classification:

Poetry
Calm is all Nature as A Resting Wheel
Calm is all nature as a resting wheel.
The kine are couched upon the dewy grass;
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The horse alone, seen dimly as I pass,

 Is cropping audibly his later meal:
Dark is the ground; a slumber seems to steal
O'er vale, and
mountain, and the starless sky.
Now, in this blank of things, a harmony,
Home-felt and home-created comes to heal
That grief for which the senses still supply
Fresh food; for only then, when memory
Is hushed, am I at rest. My friends! I
restrain Those busy cares that would allay
my pain; Oh! Leave me to myself, nor let
me feel
The officious touch that makes me droop again.
William Wordsworth

Fiction
"Jem was twelve. He was difficult to live with, inconsistent, moody. His appetite was
appalling, and he told me so many times to stop pestering him I consulted. Atticus: "Reckon
he's got a tapeworm?" Atticus said no, Jem was growing. I must be patient with him and
disturb him as little as possible.

This change in Jem had come about in a matter of weeks. Mrs. Dubose was not cold in her
grave-Jem had seemed grateful enough for my company when he went to read to her.
Overnight, it seemed, Jem had acquired an alien set of values and was trying to impose them
on me: several times he went so far as to teli me what to do. After one altercation when Jem
hollered, "It's time you started bein' a girl and acting right!" I burst into tears and fled to
Calpurnia."
Excerpt from To Kill a Mockingbird, Harper Lee

Drama

АCT I
SCENE I. Before LEONATO'S house.
Enter LEONATO, HERO, and BEATRICE, with a Messenger

LEONATO
I learn in this letter that Don Peter of Arragon comes this night to Messina.
Messenger
He is very near by this: he was not three leagues off when I left him.
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LEONATO
How many gentlemen have you lost in this action?
Messenger
But few of any sort, and none of the name.

LEONATO
A victory is twice itself when the achiever brings home full numbers. I find here that Don
Peter hath bestowed much honor on a young Florentine called Claudio

Messenger
Much deserved on his part and equally remembered by
Don Pedro: he hath borne himself beyond the promise of his age, doing, in the figure of a
lamb, the feats of a lion: he hath indeed better bettered expectation than you must expect of
me to tell you how.

LEONATO
He hath an uncle here in Messina will be very much glad of it."
Excerpt from Much Ado about Nothing, William Shakespeare

Activity 1
Write an essay about yourself. In the first box, write it in a technical manner and in the
second box, translate it into a creative form.

Technical Writing

Creative Writing

 Creative writing is the artistic expression through written word. It is used to ex-
press the writer's ideas and emotions in an artistic manner.
 Creative writing has a larger audience, informal, artistic, subjective, and imaginative.
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LESSON II: Sensory Experience in Imaginative Writing

Wouldn't it be nice if a piece of work will make you feel as if you are involved in the text
you are reading and that you are a part of it?

An effective creative work gives a clear mental picture to the reader. It makes the reader
imagine and feel what is being read. This spices up the reading experience.

This lesson will discuss sensory details and their importance in writing. This will tackle why
there is a need of inserting sensory details in a creative literary work and how it affects a
reader's interest in a piece of work. This also contains activities that will enhance the sensory
details and will teach students on how to effectively write student's usage of sensory
experiences to produce an engaging, imaginative piece.

At the end of the lesson, you should be able to:

1. Explain sensory details;
2. Identify the importance of sensory details in creative writing; and
3. Exercise the use of sensory details in writing.

Sensory Details and Its Usage

From the two pictures shown below, which is more appealing to you? Why?
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From the statements below, choose the one which is more appealing to you. Explain why.
A. Her hair is pretty and long.
B. Her shiny jet-black hair reaches her waist.

A. Her perfume smells like chocolate but sweeter.

B. Her perfume smells good.

From the pictures shown, the audience would prefer the one which has a clear view of the
beach rather than the one which is blurred. Meanwhile on the statements mentioned above,
readers would choose the statements with a concrete description of the subjects being
described. This is because the object or writing which gives a clear view of the subject
catches and sustains the interest of the audience/readers.

The words or phrases that describe the content of the text vividly are called sensory details.
Sensory details add power to writing. It gives a more concrete sensory experience that allows
a reader to have a clear mental picture of the scene or subject being described. With- out
visual details, writing would be dull and plain. In creative writing, one must always
remember to use words or phrases that appeal to the five senses to sustain the interest of the
readers. Sensory details can make the reader see, hear, touch, taste, and smell the object being
described even without seeing, hearing, touching, tasting, and smelling it.

Sample Texts with Sensory Detail

“When he was nearly thirteen, my brother Jem got his arm badly broken at the elbow. When
it healed, and Jem's fears of never being able to play football were assuaged, he was seldom
self- conscious about his injury. His left arm was somewhat shorter than his right; when he
stood or walked, the back of his hand was at right angles to his body, his thumb parallel to
his thigh."
To Kill a Mockingbird, Harper Lee

"The studio was filled with the rich odor of roses, and when the light summer wind stirred
amidst the trees of the garden there came through the open door the heavy scent of the lilac
or the most delicate perfume of the pink-flowering thorn."
The Picture of Dorian Gray, Oscar Wilde

 Can you picture out Jem's arm the way it was described in the first sample text?
 Can you vividly imagine the scent of the studio in the second sample text?
 Do the texts give you complete sensory details?
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Activity 1
Write down all the words/adjectives you can think that appeals to the senses. One point will
be gi
SIGHT SMELL TASTE HEARING TOUCH

The sensory detail gives strength to writing by allowing the readers to have a vivid sensory
experience. It concretely describes the subject by using words or phrases that appeal to the
five senses- sight, smell, taste, hearing, and touch. Sensory detail is essential in creative
writing for it captures and sustains the interest of the readers by giving them a clear view of
the subject or the scene being described. It exercises one's imagination.
ven for appropriate word written. 11
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LESSON III: Language of Creative Writing

In creative writing, the writer must consider the language to be used which will make the
creative work different from other forms of writing. The language of creative writing is
different if compared to technical writing and academic writing. Words are flowery,
expressive, and more interesting. This is to capture not just the mind but also the heart of the
audience and to make the audience feel a different reading experience.

This lesson will discuss the language of creative writing namely figures of speech, and
diction. This will also contain excerpts of literary works written by some known writers for a
better understanding of the topic being discussed.

At the end of the lesson, you should be able to:

1. Define figures of speech, and diction;
2. Appreciate the use of figures of speech, and diction in creative writing;
3. Enumerate the different figures of speech; and
4. Write a short creative piece which contains figures of speech, and diction.

Figures of Speech
Writers use figures of speech and figurative language to create images that would deepen the
reader's comprehension of a text. Figures of speech and figurative language create the so-
called figurative images which increase reading pleasure.

Figures of
Speech/ Definition Sample Text
Figurative
Language
Simile Indirect comparison "Then she burst into view, a girl lovely as
of two things using morning and just as fair..."
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"like" or "as." (Waywa ya, F. Sionil Jose)

Metaphor Direct comparison "Everything that exists, aromas, light,
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between two objects metals, were little boats that sail toward the
 isles of yours that wait for me..."
(If You Forget Me, Pablo Neruda)
Personification Attribution of "Because I could not stop for Death,
human qualities to a He kindly stopped for me;
thing The carriage held but just ourselves
And Immortality."
(Because I Could Not Stop for Death, Emily
Dickinson)
Hyperbole Exaggeration "Well now, one winter it was so cold
that all the geese flew backward and
all the fish moved south, and even the snow
turned blue. Late at night,
it got so frigid that all spoken words froze
solid afore they could be heard.
People had to wait until sunup to find out
what folks were talking about the night
before."
(Baive, the Blue Ox, retold by S.E.
Schlosser)
Alliteration Repetition of the - "Leap up, like that, like that, and land so
first consonant of lightly."
neighboring (Home Burial, Robert Frost)
words
Allusion Use of person, place, the poem of creation is uninterrupted, but
or thing as reference few are the ears that hear it. Olympus is but
the outside of the earth everywhere."
(Walden, Henry David Thoreau)

Onomatopoeia Use of words that mimic "Boy, I rang that doorbell fast when I
mimic sounds got to old Spencer's house."
(The Catcher in The Rye, JD. Salinger)

Diction
Diction refers to language and word choice of the writer. It shows the level of formality of
a text which helps in shaping the perception and view of the readers. There are three levels
of diction. These are formal, informal, and colloquial.

Levels Characteristic
Formal Diction Academic/ Scholarly Language
Informal Diction Conversational Language
Colloquial Diction Slang Language; Captures Regional Dialect
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Activity 1
Write a sentence that corresponds to the figurative languages enumerated below. Use the
word stated below in your sentence.
Figurative Language Sentence
Simile

Metaphor

Personification

Hyperbole

Alliteration

Allusion

Onomatopoeia

Activity 2
Think of three words and write the words in formal, informal and slang diction.
Formal Diction Informal Diction Colloquial/Slang Diction
e.g., money cash bucks

 Figures of speech and figurative language add life to a text by creating figurative
images. Simile, metaphor, personification, hyperbole, alliteration, allusion, and the
figures of speech and figurative language discussed in t onomatopoeia lesson.
 Diction refers to the characteristics of the language used by the writer. It has
three levels: formal, informal, and colloquial diction. Each has their specific uses.
 Part 2
Sharing Inner Self Through Poetry

LESSON IV: Introduction to Poetry

Have you ever written a poem before? How does it feel after writing the piece? Poetry is
another way of expressing self. Like all the other types of creative writing, poetry liberates
the soul of the writer.

This lesson will introduce you to the world of poetry. This will give you an overview of what
poetry is and its characteristics. This will also showcase poems of known poets which will
give you a clear view of the characteristics of poetry.

At the end of the lesson, the students should be able to:

1. Define poetry;
2. Enumerate the characteristics of poetry;
3. Differentiate poetry to other forms of creative writing; and
4. Appreciate the poems of known poets.

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Poetry
Poetry is a word composition arranged in a rhythmic pattern. It is used to express one
creative thoughts and feelings through a specialized and heightened language.

Characteristics of
Poetry
If I can stop one heart from breaking
If I can stop one heart from
breaking, I shall not live in vain;
If I can ease one life the
aching, Or cool one pain,
Or help one fainting
robin Unto his nest again,
I shall not live in vain.
Emily Dickinson

Stopping by Woods on a Snowy

Evening
Whose woods these are I think I know.
His house in the village, though;
He will not see me stopping here
To watch his woods fill up with
snow. My little horse must think it
queer To stop without a farmhouse
near Between the woods and frozen
lake
The darkest evening of the year.
He gives his harness bells a
shake To ask if there is some
mistake. The only other sound's
the sweep Of easy wind and
downy flake.
The woods are lovely, dark, and deep,
But I have promises to keep,
Robert Frost
And miles to go before I
sleep, And miles to go before
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I sleep
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  What can you say about the sample poems above?
 List down all your observations regarding word choice and usage, structure, etc.

Poetry has unique characteristics if compared to other forms of creative writing which
include the following:
1. It expresses creative thoughts in much briefer way than a short story and novel
2. It uses elements such as rhythm, imagery, verse and meter, and poetic devices.
3. It has a musical quality.
4. It has structure.
5. It is used to express intense personal emotions and experiences
6. The content of a poem shows the universal truth and connotes a deeper meaning.
7. It does not use everyday language.

Activity 1
Making the sample poems above as an example, try to write a short poem. This is to gauge
your basic understanding of how a poem should be written.

 Poetry is another form of creative writing which is a means to express ones thoughts
and feelings.
 It has identifiable characteristics regarding its structure, form, word
arrangement, word choice, and usage, etc.
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LESSON V: Elements of Poetry

Poetry is a combination of words in lines, rhyme, tone, voice, theme, language, and emotion
which makes it a creative means to liberate the poet's thoughts and feelings. While one can
freely write a poem, it is still necessary to know the different elements of poetry. This is to
create a poem that will make a huge impact on the reader.

This lesson focuses on the basic elements of poetry and on how to write poems considering
those elements.

At the end of the lesson, the students should be able to:

1. Define theme and tone;
2. Appreciate the importance of theme and tone in writing poetry; and
3. Exercise the use of different themes and tones in making a poem.

Theme
The theme is the summarized statement containing the main thought or meaning of the poem.

"If you can talk with crowds and keep your

virtue, Or walk with Kings nor lose the common
touch, If neither foes nor loving friends can hurt
you,
If all men count with you, but none too much,
If you can fill the unforgiving minute
With sixty seconds worth of distance run,
Yours is the Earth and everything that's in it,
And-which is more- you'll be a Man, my
son!"
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Excerpt from the poem "If by Rudyard

Kipling
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 What is the message the poem tries to express?

 State the theme of the poem.
Tone
It refers to the attitude and mood of the poem. It is the overall atmosphere of the poem which
influences the emotional response of the reader.

I Do Not Love You Except Because I Love You'

I do not love you except because I love
you; I go from loving to not loving you,
From waiting to not waiting for
you My heart moves from cold to
fire.

I love you only because it's you the one I

love; I hate you deeply and hating you
Bend to you, and the measure of my changing love for
you Is that I do not see you but love you blindly.

Maybe January light will

consume My heart with its cruel
ray, Stealing my key to true calm.

In this part of the story, I am the one who dies

The only one and will die of love because I love you,
Because I love you, love, in fire and blood."
Pablo Neruda

 What is the tone of Pablo Neruda's poem?

 Can you feel the poet's emotion in the poem?

Rhyme
Rhyme is the link between music and poetry. It adds music quality to the poem which gives
the readers reading pleasure. The following are the different types of rhymes:

Types Characteristics Sample

True rhyme Rhyme that occurs "Here Captain! Dear father! This arm
on the words. beneath your head!
It is some dream that on the deck,
You've fallen cold and dead."
(Oh Captain My Captain, Walt Whitman)
Internal rhyme Rhyme that occur "Once upon a midnight dreary,
within the lines while I pondered, weak and weary."
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(The Raven, Edgar Allan Poe)

Off rhyme or slant Not a true rhyme but "In the sun and in the snow,
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rhyme the sound of the Without pleasure, without pain,

 words are alike On the dead oak tree bough."
(The Gallows, Edward Thomas)

Line and Meter

The line is the line of words in poetry. The verse is the line of a poem arranged in a metrical
pattern. Stanza is referred as the "unit of poetic lines". There are different stanza forms.
Below are the following:

Forms Number of Lines

Couplet 2
Tercet 3
Quatrain 4
Quintet 5
Sestet 6
Septet 7
Octave 8

The meter is poetry's measured accents and syllables arrangement. It is the system sound
pattern of a poem.

Metrical Patterns Characteristics

Accentual Meter Lines have the same number of stresses and varied count of
syllables
Syllabic Meter Lines have the same number of syllables and varied count of
stresses
Accentual-Syllabic Lines have the same number of syllables, both stressed and non-
Meter stressed; arranged in fixed order
Free Verse Lines have irregular number of stresses and syllables

Genre
The following are the three types of poetry:

Туре Characteristics Sample Forms

Descriptive Poem Focuses on details Didactic poem
Narrative poem Tells a story epic, ballad
Lyric poem Expresses the feelings and ode, sonnet, dramatic lyric
thoughts of the poet poem, monolog

Literary Devices
The literary devices discussed in Part 1 of this worktext should also be incorporated in the
poem such as imagery, figures or speech, and figurative language. This is to make the poem
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appealing to the readers.

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Activity 1
Brainstorming. List down all the thoughts you have right now. These thoughts maybe about a
person, your studies, food, books, music, idea, travel, feelings etc. Write words or phrases in
the box relating to your thoughts.

 Theme, tone, line and meter, rhyme, and genre are some of the basic elements of
poetry.
 The theme refers to the statement which summarizes the meaning of the poem. Tone
refers to the mood of the poem. Line and meter deal with the structure of the poem
which involves form and accents. Rhyme adds music quality to the poem, and genre
refers to the type of poetry used in a poem.
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LESSON VI: Different Forms of Poetry

Poetry Forms and Their Characteristics

The following are the different forms of poetry:
Forms Characteristics
Blank Verse A poem of consistent length and meter but do not employ rhyme
Haiku Brief Japanese verse form of poem consisting of three lines and
seventeen syllables
Epic A narrative poem about a hero
Limerick A poem consisting of five lines wherein lines one, two, and five and
lines three and four are rhyming
Free Verse A poem without standard rhyme patterns, line length
Sonnet A poem consisting of fourteen lines of iambic pentameter; make use
of rhyme

Activity 1
The class will be divided into groups. Each group will research a poem sample of the form/s
assigned to them. This will be creatively presented to the class.

Rubrics for grading class presentation:

Indicator Rating (1-5)
The group presented the right poem based on the form assigned to them.
The group creatively presented the poem to the class.
The presentation is engaging and captures the interest of the audience.
TOTAL

There are different forms of poetry and some of these forms include the blank verse, concrete
poetry, haiku, epic, found poetry, limerick, free verse, and sonnet. Each form has its unique
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characteristics.
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 LESSON VII: Experimental Texts

Apart from the traditional poetry forms discussed in Lesson 6, there are also experimental texts
developed. This lesson will give the students idea on some of these experimental texts.

This will also showcase poems writer by poets.

Typography
Concrete Poetry/Shape Poetry
Concrete poetry is a poem whose layout or typography implies the subject of the poem.

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Genre-crossing Text
Prose Poem
The prose poem is a kind of poetry that is written in paragraphs which contains language play,
images, and with instances of poetic meter.

A SELTZER BOTTLE.
Any neglect of many particles to cracking, any neglect of
this makes it what is the lead in color and certainly discolor
in silver. The use of this is manifold. Supposing a certain
time selected is assured, suppose it is even necessary,
suppose no other extract is permitted and no more handling
is needed, suppose the rest of the message is mixed with a
very long slender needle and even if it could be any black
border, supposing all this altogether made a dress and
suppose it was actual, suppose the mean way to state it was
occasional, if you suppose this in August and even more
melodiously, if you suppose this even in the necessary
incident of there certainly being no middle in summer and
winter, suppose this and an elegant settlement a very
elegant settlement is more than of consequence, it is not
final and sufficient and substituted. This which was so
kindly a present was constant.
Gertrude Stein

Performance Poetry/ Spoken-Word Poetry

Performance or Spoken-word poetry's significant characteristic is that it is being recited in
front of the audience in public spaces. It uses vernacular language and appealing oral
elements like music, recordings, and other elements of signification.

If I Should Have a Daughter

If I should have a daughter, instead of "Mom," she's going
to call me "Point B," because that way she knows that no
matter what happens, at least she can always find her way
to me.

And I'm going to paint solar systems on the backs of her

hands so she has to learn the entire universe before she can
say, "Oh, I know that like the back of my hand."
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And she’s going to learn that this life will hit you,
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hard,
 in the face,
wait for you to get back up, just so it can kick you in the stomach but getting the wind
knocked out of you is the only way to remind your lungs how much they like the taste of air.

There is hurt, fear that cannot be fixed by band aids or poetry

so the first time she realizes that Wonder Woman isn’t coming
I’ll make sure she knows she does not have to wear the cape all by herself because no matter
how wide you stretch your fingers,
your hands will always be too small to catch all the pain you want to heal.

Believe me, I’ve tried

And baby, I’ll tell her, don’t keep your nose up in the air like that I know that trick, I’ve done
it a million times
You’re just smelling for smoke so you can follow the trail
back to a burning house so you can find the boy who lost everything in the fire to see if you
can save him.

Or else find the boy who lit the fire in the first place to see if you can change him But I know
she will anyway, so instead, I’ll always keep an extra supply of chocolate and rainboots
nearby.

Because there is no heartbreak that chocolate can’t fix.

Ok, there’s a few heartbreaks that chocolate can’t fix,
but that’s what the rainboots are for because rain will
wash away everything if you let it.

I want her to look at the world through the underside of a glass bottomed boat To look
through a microscope at the galaxies that exist on the pinpoint of a human mind Because
that’s the way my mom taught me.

That there’ll be days like this

that there’s be days like this my mama said
When you open your hands to catch, and wind up with only blisters and bruises. When you
step out of the phone booth and try to fly

And the very people you want to save are the ones standing on your cape When your boots
will fill with rain and you’ll be up to your knees in disappointment and those are the very
days you have all the more reason to say thank you
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because there’s nothing more beautiful than the way the ocean refuses to stop kissing the
shoreline no matter how many times it is sent away.
 You will put the win in winsome … lose some
You will put the star in starting over and over.

And no matter how many landmines erupt in a minute

be sure your mind lands on the beauty of this funny place called life. And yes, on a scale
from one to over trusting, I am pretty damn naive.

But I want her to know that this world is made out of sugar.
It can crumble so easily.
But don’t be afraid to stick your tongue out and taste it.
Baby, I’ll tell her, remember your mama is a worrier
and your papa is a warrior.

And you’re the girl with small hands and big eyes who never stops asking for more.
Remember that good things come in threes and so do bad things and always apologize when
you’ve done something wrong

but don’t you ever apologize for the way your eyes refuse to stop shining, your voice is small
but don’t ever stop singing.

And when they finally hand you heartache,

when they slip war and hatred under your door and offer you handouts on street corners of
cynicism and defeat, you tell them that
they really ought to meet your mother.
Sarah Kay

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Activity 1
Your class was divided into four groups; the first two groups will write a concrete poetry
while the remaining two groups will write a prose poem. (wait for your assigned number)

Rubric in grading the poems:

Indicator Rating (1-5)
The poem written is based on the form assigned.
The content of the poem is clear.
It is in proper form with correct grammar, spelling, and proper
punctuations.
The essay captures the interest of the reader.
TOTAL

There are other forms of poetry aside from the known traditional forms which combine
features of different genre and combines different methods. These are called experimental
texts. These experimental texts include typography and genre- crossing texts. Under
typography, is the concrete poetry and under genre-crossing text is prose poem and
performance poetry.

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