1. Hypoxia is the result of which of these conditions?

(a) Insufficient oxygen reaching the brain. *

(b) Excessive carbon dioxide in the bloodstream.

(c) Limited oxygen reaching the heart muscles.

2. What causes hypoxia?

(a) Excessive carbon dioxide in the atmosphere.

(b) An increase in nitrogen content of the air at high altitudes.

(c) A decrease of oxygen partial pressure. *

3. Loss of cabin pressure may result in hypoxia because as cabin altitude increases

(a) The percentage of nitrogen in the air is increased.

(b) the percentage of oxygen in the air is decreased

(c) Oxygen partial pressure is decreased. *

4. What is a symptom of carbon monoxide poisoning?

(a) Rapid, shallow breathing.

(b) Pain and cramping of the hands and feet.

(c) Dizziness. *

5. What is the effect of alcohol consumption on functions of the body?

(a) Alcohol has an adverse effect, especially as altitude Increases. *

(b) Small amounts of alcohol in the human system increase judgment and decision-making

abilities.

(c) Alcohol has little effect if followed by equal quantities of black coffee.

6. Which is a common symptom of hyperventilation?

(a) Tingling of the hands, legs, and feet. *

(b) Increased vision keenness.

(c) Decreased breathing rate.

7. Which would most likely result in hyperventilation?

(a) A stressful situation causing anxiety. *

(b) The excessive consumption of alcohol.

(c) An extremely slow rate of breathing and insufficient oxygen.

8. Scanning procedures for effective collision avoidance should constitute

(a) Looking outside for 15 seconds, then inside for 5 seconds, then repeat. *
(b) 1 minute inside scanning, then 1 minute outside scanning, then repeat.

(c) Looking outside every 30 seconds except in radar contact when outside scanning is

unnecessary.

9.What is the most effective way to use the eyes during night flight?

(a) Look only at far away, dim lights.

(b) Scan slowly to permit off center viewing. *

(c) Concentrate directly on each object for a few seconds.

10. Which observed target aircraft would be of most concern with respect to collision avoidance?

(a) One which appears to be ahead and moving from left to right at high speed.

(b) One which appears to be ahead and moving from right to left at slow speed.

(c) One which appears to be ahead with no lateral r vertical movement and is increasing in

size. *

11. When using the Earth's horizon as a reference point to determine the relative position of other

aircraft, most concern would be for aircraft

(a) Above the horizon and Increasing in size.

(b) On the horizon with little relative movement.

(c) On the horizon and increasing in size. *

12. A pilot is more subject to spatial disorientation when

(a) ignoring or overcoming the sensations of muscles and inner ear,

(b) Eyes are moved often in the process of crosschecking the flight instruments.

(c) body sensations are used to interpret flight attitudes.*

13. Which procedure is recommended to prevent or overcome spatial disorientation?

(a) Reduce head and eye movement to the greatest possible extent. .

(b) Rely on the kinesthetic sense.

(c) Rely entirely on the indications of the flight instruments. *

14. When making an approach to a narrower-than usual runway, without VASI assistance, the pilot

should be aware that the approach

(a) Altitude may be higher than it appears.

(b) Altitude may be lower than it appears. *

(c) May result in leveling off too high and landing hard.
15. While making prolonged constant rate turns under IFR conditions, an abrupt head movement
can

create the illusion of rotation on an entirely different axis. This is known as

(a) Autokinesis.

(b) Coriolis illusion. *

(c) The leans.

16. The illusion of being in a nose up attitude which may occur during a rapid acceleration takeoff
is known as

(a) Inversion illusion.

(b) Autokinesis.

(c) Somatogravic illusion. *

17. In the dark, a stationary light will appear to move when stared at for a period of time. This
illusion is known as

(a) Somatogravic illusion.

(b) Ground lighting illusion.

(c) Autokinesis. *

18. When making a landing over darkened or featureless terrain such as water or snow, a pilot
should be aware of the possibility of illusion. The approach may appear to be too

(a) High. *

(b) Low.

(c) Shallow.

19. Haze can give the illusion that the aircraft is

(a) Closer to the runway than it actually is.

(b) Farther from the runway than it actually is. *

(c) The same distance from the runway as when there is no restriction to visibility.

20. Sudden penetration of fog can create the illusion of

(a) Pitching up. *

(b) Pitching down.

(c) Leveling off.

16. What illusion, if any, can rain on the windscreen create?

(a) Does not cc use illusions.

(b) Lower than 3ctual.

(c) Higher than actual.

17. When flying in haze. you may experience the illusion of objects being closer/further

away than what they actually are further away

18. To reduce the danger of spatial disorientation occurring when flying in poor visual

conditions. You should rely on (your bodily sensations/the flight instruments).

19. In hazy conditions, another object may be (closer/further away) than it appears to be.

 closer

20. A runway that is larger than usual will appear to be (further away/closer) than it really

Is closer

21. A runway that is smaller than usual will appear to be (further away/closer) than it really

is.  further away

22. A narrow runway will give the pilot on the connect approach slope an impression of

being (high/low) on slope. high

23. A 'Wide-runway will give the pilot on the correct approach slope an impression of being

(high/low)) on slope. low

24. In haze, you appear to be (closer to/ further from) the runway than what you really are;

 Further from

25. A lack of oxygen is known as

 hypoxia

26. To combat hypoxia, you should __

 Use oxygen

27. Too much air being breathed into the lungs is known as _____ and the remedy is to

 Hyperventilation, slow your breathing rate

28. Symptoms of hypoxia are (easy/difficult) to recognize before your reactions are affected

 Difficult

29. Hypoxia is the result of which of these conditions?

(a) Insufficient oxygen reaching the brain. *

(b) Excessive carbon dioxide in the bloodstream.

(c) Limited oxygen reaching the heart muscles.

30. What causes hypoxia?

(a) Excessive carbon dioxide in the atmosphere.

(b) An increase in nitrogen content of the air at high altitudes.

(c) A decrease of oxygen partial pressure. *

31. Loss of cabin pressure may result in hypoxia because as cabin altitude increases

(a) The percentage of nitrogen in the air is increased.

(b) the percentage of oxygen in the air is decreased

(c) Oxygen partial pressure is decreased. *

32. What is a symptom of carbon monoxide poisoning?

(a) Rapid, shallow breathing.

(b) Pain and cramping of the hands and feet.

(c) Dizziness. *

33. What is the effect of alcohol consumption on functions of the body?

(a) Alcohol has an adverse effect, especially as altitude Increases*

(b) Small amounts of alcohol in the human system increase judgment and decision-making abilities.

(c) Alcohol has little effect if followed by equal quantities of black coffee.

34. . Which is a common symptom of hyperventilation?

(a) Tingling of the hands, legs, and feet. *

(b) Increased vision keenness.

(c) Decreased breathing rate.

35. Which would most likely result in hyperventilation?

(a) A stressful situation causing anxiety. *

(b) The excessive consumption of alcohol.

(c) An extremely slow rate of breathing and insufficient oxygen.

36. Scanning procedures for effective collision avoidance should constitute

(a) Looking outside for 15 seconds, then inside for 5 seconds, then repeat. *

(b) 1 minute inside scanning, then 1 minute outside scanning, then repeat.

(c) Looking outside every 30 seconds except in radar contact when outside scanning is unnecessary.

37. What is the most effective way to use the eyes during night flight?

(a) Look only at far away, dim lights.

(b) Scan slowly to permit off center viewing. *

(c) Concentrate directly on each object for a few seconds.

38. Which observed target aircraft would be of most concern with respect to collision avoidance?
(a) One which appears to be ahead and moving from left to right at high speed.

(b) One which appears to be ahead and moving from right to left at slow speed.

(c) One which appears to be ahead with no lateral r vertical movement and is increasing in size. *

39. When using the Earth's horizon as a reference point to determine the relative position of

other aircraft, most concern would be for aircraft

(a) Above the horizon and Increasing in size.

(b) On the horizon with little relative movement.

(c) On the horizon and increasing in size. *

40. A pilot is more subject to spatial disorientation when

(a) ignoring or overcoming the sensations of muscles and inner ear,

(b) Eyes are moved often in the process of crosschecking the flight instruments.

(c) body sensations are used to interpret flight attitudes.*

41. Which procedure is recommended to prevent or overcome spatial disorientation?

(a) Reduce head and eye movement to the greatest possible extent. .

(b) Rely on the kinesthetic sense.

(c) Rely entirely on the indications of the flight instruments. *

42. When making an approach to a narrower-than usual runway, without VASI assistance, the

pilot should be aware that the approach

(a) Altitude may be higher than it appears.

(b) Altitude may be lower than it appears. *

(c) May result in leveling off too high and landing hard.

43. While making prolonged constant rate turns under IFR conditions, an abrupt head

movement can create the illusion of rotation on an entirely different axis. This is known as

(a) Autokinesis.

(b) Coriolis illusion. *

(c) The leans.

44. . The illusion of being in a nose up attitude which may occur during a rapid acceleration takeoff
is known as

(a) Inversion illusion.

(b) Autokinesis.

(c) Somatogravic illusion. *

45. . In the dark, a stationary light will appear to move when stared at for a period of time.This
illusion is known as

(a) Somatogravic illusion.

(b) Ground lighting illusion.

(c) Autokinesis. *

46. When making a landing over darkened or featureless terrain such as water or snow, a

pilot should be aware of the possibility of illusion. The approach may appear to be too

(a) High. *

(b) Low.

(c) Shallow.

47. Haze can give the illusion that the aircraft is

(a) Closer to the runway than it actually is.

(b) Farther from the runway than it actually is. *

48. Sudden penetration of fog can create the illusion of

(a) Pitching up. *

(b) Pitching down.

49. What illusion, if any, can rain on the windscreen create?

(b) Lower than 3ctual.

(c) Higher than actual. *

50. A smoker will feel the symptoms of hypoxia (Oxygen starvation) at;

(a) A lower altitude than a non-smoker *

(b) A higher altitude than a non-smoker

51. On average, how long does it take to eliminate one unit of alcohol from the blood?

(e) 24 hours

(f) 12 hours

(g) One hour *

(h) 8 hours

52. The mechanism that maintains a constant flow of blood around the body is called:

(i) The Respiratory System

(j) The Reproduction System

(k) The Nervous System

(l) The Circulatory System *

53. How long after prolonged breathing-in of CO must a pilot refrain from flying?

(n) 12 hours

(o) Several days *

(p) 24 hours

54. Pilots should not fly within ........ hours of donating blood. (r) 24 *

55. A Person who has ‘Myopia’:(d). Has a longer than normal eyeball and vision is corrected with a
Concave lens *

56. The body mass index is obtained by;

(a) Multiplying body weight in kilograms by height in meters squared

(b) Adding body weight in kilograms to height in meters squared

(c) Multiplying body weight in pounds by height in feet squared

(d) Dividing body weight in kilograms by height in meters squared *

57. A body mass index of 23 for a male or female pilot indicates he/she is;(f) Normal *

58. At what rate does the body remove alcohol from the blood?

(i) 100 milligrams per 15 milliliters per hour

(j) 50 milligrams per 100 milliliters per hour

(k) 15 milligrams per 100 milliliters per hour *

(l) 120 milligrams per 80 milliliters per hour

59. Which of the answer options below includes three important health risks to which obese

people are exposed by virtue of excessive body weight?

(m) Heart attack, blood circulatory problems, hypertension *

(n) Myopia, loss of appetite, nausea

(o) Insomnia, disorientation, muscular tension

(p) Memory lapse, diminished awareness, lack of coordination

60. Large accumulation of carbon mono-oxide in the blood results in (a) Dizziness*