PRE-TEST IN EARTH AND LIFE SCIENCE
1. Which layer of the Earth is composed primarily of solid iron and nickel?
a. Crust
b. Mantle
c. Outer Core
d. Inner Core
2. What process is responsible for the movement of tectonic plates?
a. Erosion
b. Convection currents
c. weathering
d. Sedimentation
3. Which type of rock is formed from the cooling and solidification of magma or lava?
a. Sedimentary
b. Metamorphic
c. Igneous
d. Fossiliferous
4. What is the most abundant gas in the Earth's atmosphere?
a. Oxygen
b. Carbon Dioxide
c. Nitrogen
d. Argon
5. Which term describes the variety of all life forms on Earth?
a. Ecosystem
b. Population
c. Community
d. Biodiversity
6. What is the process by which plants convert sunlight into chemical energy?
a. Respiration
b. Fermentation
c. Photosynthesis
d. Transpiration
7. Which organelle is known as the powerhouse of the cell?
a. Nucleus
b. Ribosome
c. Mitochondrion
d. Chloroplast
8. What is the primary function of the xylem in vascular plants?
a. Transport of water and nutrients
b. Photosynthesis
c. Storage of food
d. Reproduction
9. Which type of symbiotic relationship benefits both organisms involved?
a. Parasitism
b. Commensalism
c. Mutualism
d. Predation
10. What is the term for a group of the same species living in a specific area?
a. Community
b. Ecosystem
c. Population
d. Biome
11. What is the main cause of ocean acidification?
a. Plastic pollution
b. Oil spills
c. Increase in atmospheric CO₂
d. Overfishing
12. Which phase of the cell cycle is characterized by the replication of DNA?
a. G₁ phase
b. S phase
c. G₂ phase
d. M phase
13. What is the theory that explains the origin of the universe?
a. Plate Tectonics Theory
b. String Theory
c. Big Bang Theory
d. Evolution Theory
14. Which of the following is a renewable resource?
a. Coal
b. Natural Gas
c. Solar Energy
d. Petroleum
15. What phenomenon is caused by the gravitational pull of the moon and the sun on the Earth's
oceans?
a. Earthquakes
b. Tides
c. volcanic eruptions
d. Tsunamis
16. Which scientist is known for the theory of natural selection?
a. Isaac Newton
b. Albert Einstein
c. Charles Darwin
d. Gregor Mendel
17. What is the primary cause of the greenhouse effect?
a. Deforestation
b. Greenhouse gases
c. Acid rain
d. Ozone depletion
18. Which biome is characterized by very low temperatures and permafrost?
a. Tropical Rainforest
b. Desert
c. Tundra
d. Grassland
19. What is the main purpose of the scientific method?
a. To prove hypotheses correct
b. To systematically investigate phenomena
c. To create scientific laws
d. To simplify complex theories
20. Which of the following best describes an ecosystem?
a. A community of organisms interacting with their physical environment
b. A population of a single species in a given area
c. The genetic makeup of an organism
d. The process of energy transfer in a food chain
21. Which of the following is similar to the modern acceptable theories of the origin of the solar system?
a. the solar system started from an explosion.
b. the solar system and all its contents formed at the same time.
c. the solar system formed immediately after the big bang event.
d. the solar system formed through the encounters of stars.
22. Which of the following is an aggregation of one or more minerals that have been brought together
into a cohesive solid?
a. silicates
b. mineral clay
c. rocks
d. magma
23. Organisms that travel as a group such as buffalos, as well as plants that tend to drop their fruits in
nearby locations where young plants grow, exemplify which type of population dispersal?
A. Clumped
B. Uniform
C. Random
D. Uneven
24. Which of the following sets of statements best describes a biome?
i. It could be aquatic or terrestrial.
ii. It is independent on the type of species living in it.
iii. It is the highest in the hierarchy of living systems.
iv. It is determined by the types of vegetation as a result of topography.
A. i, ii, and iii
B. i, ii, and iv
C. i, iii, and iv
D. ii, iii, and iv
25. Which among the following biomes is characterized by low temperature and limited favorable
seasons for plant growth?
A. Dessert
B. Grassland
C. Tropical rain forest
D. Tundra
26. Who among the following recognized the old age of the Earth and proposed that changes gradually
occurred among living systems?
A. Carl Correns
B. Charles Lyell
C. James Hutton
D. Francis Crick
27. Which of the following statements is true?
A. All plants are producers, and all producers are plants.
B. All plants are producers, but not all producers are plants.
C. Not plants are producers, but all producers are plants.
D. Not all plants are producers, and not all producers are plants.
28. Which among the following is NOT a symbiotic relationship?
A. Competition
B. Mutualism
C. Parasitism
D. Predation
29. Which of the following is not an example of biotic potential?
A. Migration patterns of turtles and birds
B. Resilience of animals and plants to natural disasters
C. Presence of predators that may limit the population of their prey
D. Ability of a coconut plant to disperse its seeds over long distances
30. Antibodies are important molecules for the immune system. Such molecules are secreted by
A. B lymphocytes
B. Macrophages
C. Dendritic cells
D. T lymphocytes
31. Upon consumption of a glucose- rich meal, the pancreas secretes a hormone that allows entry of
glucose into cells. This hormone is called:
A. Adrenaline
B. Calcitonin
C. Glucagon
D. Insulin
32. Movement of muscles involves changes in the conformation of a pair of proteins called:
A. Actin and myosin
B. Actin and sarcomere
C. Myosin and sarcomere
D. Myosin and sarcoplasmic reticulum
33. Which of the following events may trigger large ocean waves called tsunamis or seismic sea waves
A. an earthquake
B. landslide
C. volcanic eruption
D. all of these
34. Which of the following terms refers to the molten rock material which crystallizes into minerals?
A. rock salt
B. crystals
C. magma
D. lodes
35. Slab-pull is the term used for the dense, edge of a sub ducting plate pulling the rest of it. Which of
the following does not contribute to the increase in density of the plate as it moves downward?
A. the cooling of the edge
B. the loss of low-density materials
C. pressure transformation of minerals
D. formation of hot spots
36. Recent data on volcanic activity in various locations in the world support the conclusion that most
volcanoes are positioned along
A. the centers of continental land masses
B. zones of crustal activity
C. rocky regions with late stages of erosion
D. the topographic centers
37. Which of the following is the naturally occurring phenomenon of the climate system that results
from the interaction between the ocean and the atmosphere in the central and eastern equatorial
Pacific?
A. El Niño Southern Oscillation
B. Monsoon
C. Climate Change
D. Typhoon
38. Which of the following methods to prevent coastal erosion involves adding of sand in eroded
A. breakwaters
B. beach nourishment
C. groins
D. seawalls
39. Which of the following statements best describes a geocentric model of our solar system?
A. All planets including other celestial objects revolve around the Sun at center of the system.
B. All planets except the Earth revolve around the Sun which is at a fixed position in space.
C. the Earth is positioned at the center of the model with the other celestial objects moving around it.
D. The Sun is located at the center of the model with all the celestial bodies revolving around it.
40. In which of the following regions of the earth would you find the thinnest layer of the crust?
A. coastal areas
B. deserts
C. mountains
D. oceans
