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NCERT HOT SPOTS - 12

Topics covered :
Zoology : Human Reproduction

ZOOLOGY

3. Select the incorrect statement

SECTION-A
(1) Presence or absence of hymen is not a reliable
Objective Type Questions
indicator of virginity
1. Read the statements given below (2) Two secondary oocytes would have been
released if mother gave birth to fraternal twins
(I) Hormone secreted from developing follicles and
corpus luteum is estrogen (3) Increased production of relaxin during pregnancy
is essential for supporting metabolic changes in
(II) Corpus luteum secretes large amount of the foetus
progesterone
(4) Stem cells of the inner cell mass give rise to all
Select the correct option tissues and organs of the foetus
(1) (I) is incorrect 4. Choose the correct statement
(2) Only (I) is correct (1) GnRH targets anterior pituitary for release of FSH
(3) Both (I) & (II) are correct (2) Amnion is the outermost layer of a mammalian
embryo
(4) Both (I) & (II) are incorrect
(3) In spermatogenesis, diploid spermatids are
2. Read the statements A and B and choose the formed while in spermiation haploid
correct option related to them spermatozoa are formed
Statement A : Maternal and foetal blood do not mix (4) Graafian follicle is characterised by presence of
during gestation period. an acellular layer called corona radiata
Statement B : Maternal and foetal circulations are 5. False statement w.r.t. follicular phase
always separated by barriers.
(1) Primary follicles in the ovary grow to become
(1) Statements A and B are incorrect
a fully matured Graafian follicle
(2) Both statements A and B are correct
(2) Ovarian estrogen regenerates the endometrium
(3) Only statement A is correct through proliferation
(4) Only statement B is correct (3) Gonadotropins increase gradually

(4) The source of estrogen in this phase is the

placenta
NCERT-Hot Spots Chapter-12
6. Read the given statements. (1) 14th day (2) 16th day

A. Leydig cells are located in the interstitial spaces (3) 18th day (4) 12th day
within the testes.
12. Select the incorrect match.
B. Sertoli cells of seminiferous tubules provide
chemicals required for spermiogenesis. (1) Menstruation – Bleeding through vagina

Select the correct option. (2) Semen – 200-300 billion

(1) Only statement A is correct sperms/ejaculate

(2) Statement B is false (3) Uterus – Inverted pear shaped

(3) Both statements A and B are correct (4) Interstitial – Immunologically

(4) Both statements A and B are incorrect space of testis competent cells

7. Regeneration of endometrium of uterus is a part of 13. Read the given statements and select the correct
which phase of the uterine cycle? option.

(1) Follicular phase (2) Proliferative phase Statement A : Blastocyst gets implanted in the
myometrium by the trophoblast cells.
(3) Secretory phase (4) Luteal phase
Statement B : The second maturation division of
8. In humans, during fertilisation, the secretions of the the human sperm occurs only after the nucleus of
acrosome help the sperm to first dissolve the ovum has fused with that of the sperm.

(1) Corona radiata – a cellular layer (1) Both statements A and B are correct

(2) Zona pellucida – a cellular layer (2) Both statements A and B are incorrect

(3) Plasma membrane of ovum (3) Only statement A is correct

(4) Zona pellucida – an acellular layer (4) Only statement B is correct

9. Select the correct statement w.r.t. hormone levels 14. __A___ and __B___ are the hormones produced in
in a normal pregnant woman. female only during pregnancy.

(1) High levels of circulating hCG stimulate the Fill the above blanks A and B by selecting the
degeneration of corpus luteum. suitable option.

(2) High levels of circulating oxytocin stimulate milk A B

secretion in mammary glands.
(1) Oxytocin GnRH
(3) High levels of circulating hCG stimulate estrogen
and progesterone synthesis and secretion from (2) Estrogen hCG
corpus luteum (3) Relaxin hCG
(4) High levels of FSH and LH in uterus stimulate (4) Progesterone hPL
endometrial thickening.
15. Consider the given statements and select the correct
10. The signals for parturition originate from option.
(1) The fully developed foetus and the trophoblast a. Mucus plug in cervix is necessary for fertilisation.
(2) Chorionic villi and the embryo b. Antibodies in colostrum provide immunity against
(3) The fully developed foetus and the placenta infections.

(4) The placenta and trophoblast c. Immediately before implantation, the inner cell
mass differentiates into germ layers.
11 If duration of menstrual cycle in a human female is
of 32 days, then on which day would ovulation take (1) (b) only (2) (c) only
place? (3) (a) and (c) only (4) (a), (b) and (c)

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Chapter-12 NCERT-Hot Spots
16. Given below is a diagram showing the passage of a Select the correct option.
growing embryo through the fallopian tube of
humans. (1) (a) and (b) only (2) (b) and (c) only

(3) (a) and (c) only (4) (a), (b) and (c)

19. Read the following statements.

Statement A: Mammary glands differentiate during

pregnancy and secrete milk after child birth.

Statement B : The new-born feeds on colostrum

during the initial days of lactation.

Select the correct option.

(1) Both statements A and B are correct

Identify ‘X’ and its site of occurrence and select the
correct option. (2) Both statements A and B are incorrect

(3) Statement A is correct but statement B is

X' Site of occurrence incorrect
(1) Blastocyst Uterine wall
Infundibulum of (4) Statement A is incorrect but statement B is
(2) correct
Blastocyst fallopian tube
(3) Morula Uterine wall 20. Choose the correct statement from the following.
Ampulla of fallopian
(4)
Blastula tube (1) Progesterone levels decline during pregnancy.

(2) Placenta acts as a temporary endocrine

17. Following are the two statements A and B regarding
structure.
foetal ejection reflex and parturition
(3) In humans, fertilization always occurs in
A : It triggers the release of oxytocin from foetal
infundibulum of the fallopian tube.
pituitary.
(4) Estrogen is not necessary for pregnancy.
B : Cortisol, oxytocin and oestrogen are hormones
of parturition. 21. Which of the following is the correct sequence wrt
embryonic development of a human?
Considering the above statements which one of the
following options is correct? (1) Fertilisation  Zygote  Blastocyst  Morula
 Gastrula
(1) A is incorrect but B is correct
(2) Fertilisation Zygote  Gastrula  Morula 
(2) Both A and B are correct
Blastocyst
(3) Both A and B are incorrect
(3) Fertilisation  Zygote  Morula 
(4) A is correct but B is incorrect Blastocyst Gastrula

18. Consider the following w.r.t. the functions of placenta. (4) Fertilisation  Morula  Zygote  Blastocyst
 Gastrula
a. Gas exchange

b. Removal of waste

c. Nutrition

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NCERT-Hot Spots Chapter-12
22. Read the following statements and select the correct Statement (A): The solid embryo with blastomeres
option. is called morula.

Statement A: In human females, oogenesis starts Statement (B): The size of morula in human is
during embryogenesis and completes Meiosis I on smaller than that of the fertilized egg.
puberty.
(1) Both the statements are correct
Statement B: In human males, both testes have
about 250 compartments in total called testicular (2) Both the statements are incorrect
lobules. (3) Only statement (B) is correct
(1) Both the statements are correct (4) Only statement (A) is correct
(2) Both the statements are incorrect 27. Following is a diagrammatic representation of
(3) Only statement A is correct menstrual cycle of 30 days. What will be the length
of phase A and B, if menstrual phase is of 5 days?
(4) Only statement B is correct

23. The human male ejaculates about _______sperms

during a coitus, of which, for normal fertility, at least
60 per cent sperms must have normal shape and
size and ________ of them must show vigorous
motility.

Choose the option that fills the blanks correctly.

(1) 200 to 300 million, 40 per cent

(2) 200 to 300 million, 60 per cent

Choose the correct option.
(3) 200 to 300 million, 72 per cent
(1) A : 10 days, B : 15 days
(4) 200 to 300 million, 30 per cent
(2) A : 14 days, B : 11 days
24. Choose the incorrect match from the following.
(3) A : 12 days, B : 13 days
(1) Seminiferous tubules in — 1—3
each testes
(4) A : 15 days, B : 10 days

28. Alveoli formation in the mammary gland is the function

(2) Mammary lobes in each — 15—20
breasts
of
(3) Number of sperm per — 200—300 million
(1) Oestrogen (2) Progesterone
ejaculate
(4) Number of primary — 60,000—80,000 (3) Thyroxin (4) PTH
follicles in each ovary at
puberty 29. Read the following statements.

25. How many sperms and ova will be produced from (a) Parturition is induced by a complex
200 primary spermatocytes and 100 primary oocytes neuroendocrine mechanism.
respectively?
(b) The opening of cervix is often covered partially
(1) 400 sperms and 50 ova by a membrane called hymen.

(2) 200 sperms and 100 ova (c) Myometrium exhibits strong contractions during
the delivery of the baby.
(3) 800 sperms and 100 ova
(d) Colostrum contains antibodies which provide
(4) 800 sperms and 200 ova active immunity to the newborn.
26. Read the following statement (A) and statement (B) How many given statement(s) are correct?
wrt morula and choose the correct option.
(1) One (2) Two

(2) Three (4) Four

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Chapter-12 NCERT-Hot Spots
30. Select the correct statement from the following. Identify A and B and choose the option which
correctly represents them.
(1) In human males, the secretion of GnRH is
inhibited by inhibin. A B
(2) Release of prolactin is not an important
component of initiation of parturition in humans.
(1) Vasa efferentia Urethra
(3) Vasa efferentia are the ductules leading from vas (2) Vas deferens Vasa efferentia
deferens to epididymis.
(3) Vasa efferentia Vas deferens
(4) Secretion of salivary glands are rich in fructose, (4) Seminiferous
Vas deferens
calcium and some enzymes. tubules
31. Identify the human developmental stage shown below 33. High concentration of which of the following hormone
as well as the related right place of its occurrence in levels will not cause release of ovum from Graafian
a normal pregnant woman, and select the right option follicle?
for the two together.
(1) GnRH (2) FSH

(3) Estrogen (4) Progesterone

34. Match the following columns and select the correct

option.

Column-I Column-II
a. Corpus luteum (i) Secretes inhibin in
males to inhibit
Developmental FSH
stage Site of occurrence b. Sertoli cells (ii) Secretes a
hormone to
Starting point of
maintain pregnancy
(1) 8-celled morula fallopian tube
c. Seminal vesicle (iii) Transforms ruptured
(2) Blastocyst Uterine wall Graafian follicle into
(3) Late morula Uterine cavity corpus luteum
(4) Blastula Middle part of
fallopian tube d. Luteinizing (iv) Its secretion
hormone constitutes major
part of semen
32. The reproductive path of sperm transport in human
males is given below. (1) a(ii), b(i), c(iv), d(iii)

(2) a(i), b(ii), c(iii), d(iv)

Seminiferous Tubules
(3) a(iv), b(ii), c(iii), d(i)

(4) a(iii), b(iv), c(i), d(ii)

Rete Testis
35. Which of the following is observed in human foetus
during the 5th month of pregnancy?
A
(1) Movements of the foetus and appearance of fine
hair on the head
Epididymis (2) Eyelids get separated

(3) Heart is formed but is not functional

B
(4) Organs are formed without formation of major
organ systems

Ejaculatory duct

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NCERT-Hot Spots Chapter-12
36. Match column-I with column-II and select the correct 39. In a functional mammary gland, milk is secreted and
option using the codes given below. stored in alveoli. What is the correct sequence of
pathway for ejection of milk from alveoli to outside
Column-I Column-II through the nipple?
a. Clitoris (i) Antrum (1) Alveoli  Mammary duct  Mammary tubule
 Ampulla

b. Tertiary follicle (ii) Golgi body (2) Alveoli  Mammary duct  Mammary tubule
c. Inner cell mass (iii) Homologous to  Alveolar duct
penis
(3) Alveoli  Mammary tubule  Mammary duct
d. Acrosome (iv) Stem cells  Mammary ampulla  Lactiferous duct
(1) a(i), b(ii), c(iii), d(iv) (2) a(iv), b(iii), c(ii), d(i) (4) Alveoli  Lactiferous duct  Mammary tubule
 Mammary duct
(3) a(iii), b(i), c(iv), d(ii) (4) a(ii), b(iv), c(i), d(iii)
40. Match column-I with column-II and choose the correct
37. In females, meiosis-I starts in ____A___ during
option.
embryonic development and is completed within
____B___ after puberty.
Column-I Column-II
Choose the option which fills the blanks A and B
a. Spermiogenesis (i) Prolactin
correctly.
b. Lactation (ii) Transformation of
A B
spermatids into
(1) Primary oocyte Secondary follicle spermatozoa
c. Chorionic villi (iii) Finger-like projections
(2) Secondary oocyte Tertiary follicle at the edge of
(3) Primary oocyte Tertiary follicle infundibulum
(4) Secondary oocyte Fallopian tube
d. Fimbriae (iv) Finger-like projections
appear on the
38. Diagrammatic view of male reproductive system is trophoblast
shown in the given figure.
(1) a(i), b(ii), c(iii), d(iv)

(2) a(ii), b(i), c(iv), d(iii)

(3) a(iv), b(iii), c(ii), d(i)

(4) a(ii), b(iii), c(iv), d(i)

41. Choose the incorrect match.

Number of
Type of cell Ploidy
DNA
(1) Primary 46 2n
Choose the option which represents A, B, C and D spermatocyte
correctly. (2) Secondary 46 2n
spermatocyte
A B C D (3) Spermatid 23 n
(1) Seminal Urinary Bulbourethral Prostate (4) Spermatozoa 23 n
vesicle bladder gland gland
(2) Urinary Seminal Prostate Bulbourethral
bladder vesicle gland gland
(3) Urinary Vas Bulbourethral Penis
bladder deferens gland
(4) Prostate Seminal Penis Bulbourethral
gland vesicle gland

6
Chapter-12 NCERT-Hot Spots
43. A : Ovulation occurs roughly at the middle (14th
SECTION-B
day) of each menstrual cycle.
Assertion - Reason Type Questions
R : LH and FSH attain a peak level in the middle
In the following questions, a statement of assertion of the menstrual cycle.
(A) is followed by a statement of reason (R)
44. A : At puberty only 60,000 - 80,000 primary
(1) If both Assertion & Reason are true and the follicles are left in each ovary
reason is the correct explanation of the
assertion, then mark (1). R : A large number of follicles degenerate during
the phase from birth to puberty
(2) If both Assertion & Reason are true but the
reason is not the correct explanation of the 45. A : In foetal ovary, oogonia which start dividing and
assertion, then mark (2). enter into prophase - I of the meiotic division
(3) If Assertion is true statement but Reason is and get temporarily arrested are called primary
false, then mark (3). oocytes.

(4) If both Assertion and Reason are false R : Ovulation is actually of secondary oocyte.
statements, then mark (4).

42. A : Signals for parturition originate from the fully

developed foetus and placenta.

R : Uterine contraction is induced by oxytocin.

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