OCEAN-411
‘Port Management and Maritime Logistics’
Story or History?
IMO
(The International Maritime Organization)
A special organization of the United Nations established in 1948 which is in charge of ensuring –
The safety and security of shipping
Controlling ship-related marine and air pollution.
Responsible for implementing and promoting over 50 international conventions and agreements.
SOLAS Convention is the most significant international agreement dealing with-
The security of merchant ships.
The safe construction, operation, and maintenance of passenger and cargo ships.
Adoption: 1 November 1974; Entry into force: 25 May 1980
The first version of SOLAS was accepted in 1914 as a response to the sinking of the
RMS Titanic.
14 Chapters currently included in the SOLAS Convention
Bangladesh signed it in the year 1980
It has been amended several times for safety concerns and improve the overall safety of
vessels at sea (1978,1983,1988,2000,2002,2004)
Safety
ISPS (LSA,FFA,
ISM CARGOES,
(Security)
(Safety) IMDG)
Additional Specify
Safety minimum
Measure for SOLAS standards of
Bulk (Main Objectives) Construction,
Carriers Equipment,
(WIA) Fire protection
Certificates
(Proof that Radio
ship is Navigation Communication
Compliant) (GMDSS)
Chapter I –General Provisions
Survey of the various Provisions for the control
Issuing of documents
types of ships of ships.
Chapter II-1 - Construction - Subdivision and stability, machinery and electrical
installations
Subdivision and stability Machinery installations Electrical installations
Chapter II-2 - Fire Protection, fire detection, and fire extinction
Fire Detection and Fixed Fire Fire Control Maintenance and
Alarm Systems Extinguishing Systems Plans Testing
Chapter III - Life-saving Appliances and Arrangements
Emergency Escape
Lifeboats Lifejackets Immersion Suits Breathing Devices
Chapter IV – Radiocommunications
Global Maritime Distress and Shipborne Navigational Maritime Safety
Ship Earth Stations
Safety System (GMDSS) Telex (Navtex) Information (MSI)
Chapter V - Safety of Navigation
Nautical Charts and Maintenance of Ship Reporting
Voyage Planning
Publications Navigation Equipment Systems
Chapter VI – Carriage of Cargoes
Safe carriage of grain-Oil Fuel-Liquefied Gases-
Cargo securing and stowage, proper documentation
Dangerous Goods-Radioactive Materials cargoes
Chapter VII - Carriage of dangerous goods
Classification of Packaging, Marking, Stowage and Documentation and
Dangerous Goods and Labeling Segregation Notification
Chapter VIII - Nuclear ships
Port and Coastal States for the
Packaging and Marking Stowage and Segregation safe handling, storage, and
transport
Chapter IX - Management for the Safe Operation of Ships
Reporting ,Analysis
Safety Management Safety Management Designated Person
,Certification and
Objectives System (SMS) Ashore (DPA)
Verification
Chapter X - Safety Measures for high-speed Craft
Life-Saving Radio Carriage of
Safe working Fire Appliances and
Safety of Communication Dangerous
environment Protection Arrangements Navigation s Goods
Chapter XI-1 - Special measures to enhance maritime safety
Emergency Lighting, Power,
Subdivision and Stability Damage Control
and Fire Protection
Chapter XI-2 - Special Measures to enhance maritime security
Design and Ship-to-ship
Oil tankers Chemical tankers Gas carriers
construction transfer operations
Chapter XII - Additional safety measures for bulk carriers
Structural integrity, Stability and
Cargo operation and Document of
ballast tanks, and cargo prevention of
hold spaces handling compliance(DoC)
overloading
Chapter XIII - Verification of Compliance
Verification of Safety Control and Reporting and
Surveys
Systems Compliance Measures Documentation
Chapter XIV - Safety Measures for ships operating in polar waters
Ship Safety and Life-
Polar Ship Machinery Watertight Navigation and
Structure and Saving
Certificate and Systems Integrity Appliances
Communication
Stability
MARPOL
MARPOL (International Convention for the Prevention of Pollution from Ships)
,the main international convention aimed at the prevention of pollution from ships
caused by operational or accidental causes.
Adopted by the International Maritime Organization (IMO) with an objective to
minimize pollution of the oceans and seas, including dumping, oil and air pollution.
The original MARPOL was signed on 17 February1973
The current convention is a combination of 1973 Convention and the 1978
Protocol, which entered into force on 2 October 1983.
The convention is often referred to as MARPOL 73/78
There are six annexes in MARPOL 73/78
Annex I - Regulations for the Prevention of Pollution by Oil
This MARPOL annex was adopted on 2nd October 1983.
Covers prevention of pollution by oil from operational
measures as well as from accidental discharges.
As per the 1992 amendments, it is mandatory for new oil
tankers to have double hulls.
Most importantly, this annexes prohibits dumping hazardous
waste within 12 nautical miles of the nearest land.
Annex II - Regulations for the Control of Pollution by Noxious Liquid Substances in Bulk
Annex II adopted on 6 April 1987 .
Tells about the discharge criteria and measures for the control of
pollution by noxious liquid substances carried in bulk.
The discharge of pollutants is allowed only to reception facilities with
certain concentrations and conditions.
In any case, no discharge of residues containing noxious substances is
permitted within 12 nautical miles of the nearest land. Stricter
restrictions apply to ‘special areas’.
Annex III - Prevention of Pollution by Harmful Substances Carried by Sea in Packaged Form
Annex III came into force on 1st July 1992.
Contains general requirements for the standards on packing,
marking, labelling, documentation, stowage, quantity limitations,
exceptions and notifications.
The Annex is in line with the procedures detailed in the
International Maritime Dangerous Goods (IMDG) Code, which
has been expanded to include marine pollutants.
Annex IV - Prevention of Pollution by Sewage from Ships
MARPOL Annex IV came into force on 27 September
2003.
Introduces requirements to control pollution from sewage
by ships.
The discharge of sewage into the sea is prohibited, except
when the ship has a class approved Sewage Treatment
Plant.
Annex V - Prevention of Pollution by Garbage from Ships
Annex V entered into force on 31st December 1988.
Specifies the distances from land in which materials may be disposed of and subdivides different types of
garbage and marine debris.
Annex V completely bans the disposal of all forms of plastic into the sea.
Annex VI - Prevention of Air Pollution from Ships
MARPOL Annex VI came into force on 19 May 2005.
Introduces requirements to regulate the air pollution emitted by ships, including the emission of ozone-
depleting substances:
Nitrogen Oxides (NOx)
Sulfur Oxides (SOx)
Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs)
STCW
International Convention on Standards of Training, Certification and
Watchkeeping for Seafarers (STCW) sets minimum qualification standards for
masters, officers and watch personnel on seagoing merchant ships.
Sets standards
Governs the award of certificates
Controls watchkeeping arrangement
Pathway of STCW :
First adopted in 1978
Came into force in 1984
Revised and amended in 1995 and 2010
Manila Amendments 2010,Came into force in 2012
STCW Aim
To provide the international standards for training institutes and trainers to
develop the much needed-skills and competencies for today’s seafarers.
STCW Convention’s Provisions Apply To
Seafarers
Ship-owners
Training Establishments
National Maritime Adminstrations
Classification of shipboard tasks by functions and
levels of responsibility
Management level Operational level
Support level
(applies to senior (applies to junior
(applies to ratings forming
officer) officers) part of a navigational or
engine watch)
Level Of
Maritime
Education
Age Training
STCW
Certifies
Length Of
Medical
Service At
Fitness
Sea
Professional
Competence
Manila Amendments
The IMO Convention on STCW adopted a new set of amendments in Manila in 2010 called "The
Manila Amendments (MA)"
The Manila Amendments came into force on 1 January 2012.
Essentially to ensure that standards of training for merchant seafarers advanced to meet the
evolving technological and operational requirements on board ships.
Most Significant Manila Amendments
New rest hours for seafarers.
New grades of certificates of competency
for able seafarers in both deck and engine.
New and updated training, refreshing
requirements.
Mandatory security training.
Additional medical standards.
Specific Alcohol limits in blood or breath
What is MLC ?
Stands for Maritime Labour Convention (MLC)
It came into force in August 2013.
The MLC, 2006 was adopted by government, employer and worker
representatives at a special ILO, International Labour Conference.
Widely known as the “Seafarers’ Bill Of Rights” it is unique in its effect on
both seafarers and quality ship owners.
The Maritime Labour Convention 2006 (MLC) sets out seafarers' rights at
work, including employment terms, health and safety, living and working
conditions, access to medical care and social security.
What it does ?
Sets minimum global standards for seafarers’ living and working
conditions.
Combines and updates more than 68 maritime-related international
labour standards, produced over the last 80 years.
Makes it easier for governments and ship owners to apply the system,
and provide decent working conditions.
How the MLC is organized ?
There are 3 main parts:
Articles, which set out the broad principles and responsibilities
Regulations, which set out the basic requirements.
The code, made up of standards (part a) and guidelines (part b), which
fall into the 5 titles.
What the MLC covers?
Title 1: Age, And Medical And Training Certificates.
Title 2: Wages, Working Hours, Rest And Leave; Career
Development.
Title 3: Seafarers’ Accommodation, Leisure Facilities, And On
Board Catering Standards.
Title 4: Health And Safety, Medical Care, Access To On-shore
Welfare Facilities.
Title 5: Complaints, Inspections, Responsibilities Of The Flag And
Port States.
