PANIMALAR ENGINEERING COLLEGE
JAISAKTHI EDUCATIONAL TRUST
BANGALORE TRUNK ROAD, VARADHARAJAPURAM
NAZARETHPET, POONAMALLEE, CHENNAI-600 123
ELECTRONICS AND
COMMUNICATION ENGINEERING
AUTOMATIC DOOR DETECTION SENSOR
A MINI PROJECT REPORT
SUBMITTED BY
N SURJEETH 211422106
A DHARANITHARAN 211422106
B SATHISH 211422106
T YUVARAJ 211422106
S MOHAMED FAYAZDEEN 211422106
TABLE OF CONTENT
S.NO CONTENT PG.NO
1. ABSTRACT
2. INTRODUCTION
3. COMPONENTS REQUIRED
4. WORKING MODULE
5. WORKING MODEL
6. APPLICATIONS
7. CONCLUSION
ABSTRACT
In the realm of home automation and security, the integration of sophisticated
technology has become increasingly essential. This project endeavors to provide a
comprehensive solution in the form of an Advanced Human Detection Smart Door
Sensor System based on the versatile Arduino platform. With the rapid evolution
of sensor technologies and the growing need for seamless access control, this
system aims to redefine the standards of door automation and security in both
residential and commercial applications. The primary objective of this project is to
create a highly adaptable, reliable, and intelligent human detection system that
effectively monitors access points, enhances security measures, and optimizes
energy consumption. By combining state-of-the-art sensor technologies and
efficient Arduino programming, this system offers a multifaceted approach to
access control and security enhancement. At the core of this system lies the
integration of passive infrared (PIR) motion sensors and ultrasonic sensors. The
PIR sensors excel in detecting variations in infrared radiation within their field of
view, thus identifying human presence with remarkable accuracy. This, in
conjunction with ultrasonic sensors, enables the system to gauge proximity,
ensuring a responsive and precise approach to access control. The intricately
designed program governing the Arduino processes the inputs received from the
integrated sensors, allowing it to make informed decisions based on the presence
and proximity of humans.
Furthermore, the project is characterized by its scalability and
adaptability. The system can be easily integrated into existing infrastructure,
making it a valuable addition to various settings, including homes, offices, and
public spaces, making it an ideal choice for diverse applications. On the whole, the
Advanced Human Detection Smart Door Sensor System based on Arduino
represents a significant advancement in the fields of home automation and security.
By harnessing the capabilities of cutting-edge sensor technologies and a
sophisticated programming framework, it not only sets new standards for access
control but also exemplifies the seamless integration of smart technologies into our
daily lives. The project’s implications extend beyond the doors it safeguards,
reaching into the realms of convenience, efficiency, and user experience.
INTRODUCTION
In the age of rapid technological advancement, the quest for enhancing security,
convenience, and energy efficiency has become more pronounced than ever. It is
within this context that our project introduces an innovative and highly adaptable
“Human Detection Smart Door Sensor System” built upon the robust foundation of
Arduino technology. This project seeks to redefine the norms of access control,
security, and automation, catering to a wide array of applications from residential
settings to commercial spaces and beyond. The core of this system lies in the
sophisticated amalgamation of cutting-edge sensor technologies with the Arduino
microcontroller. At its heart, passive infrared (PIR) motion sensors and ultrasonic
sensors collaborate to create a reliable and comprehensive human detection
solution. PIR sensors excel at detecting variations in infrared radiation, effectively
identifying human presence. Complementing this, ultrasonic sensors provide
proximity data, ensuring the system's responses are both precise and timely.
The applications of this system are far-reaching and
transformative. In homes, it ensures secure and hands-free access for residents,
offering convenience while bolstering security. In commercial spaces, it enhances
access control, reducing the need for manual intervention, and optimizing energy
consumption by minimizing unnecessary door movements. Public facilities, such
as hospitals, airports, and educational institutions, can employ this technology to
regulate entry and exit, improving both security and operational efficiency.
Moreover, the system's flexibility and scalability ensure its adaptability to diverse
environments. Its customizable programming interface allows users to define
specific actions based on detected events, making it a versatile solution for a
multitude of day-to-day applications. From homes to businesses and public
institutions, this system redefines access control, simplifies life, and sets the stage
for a smarter, more secure future. In this project, we delve into the intricacies of
the Human Detection Smart Door Sensor System, exploring its technical
components, innovative features, and potential benefits. Through a combination of
sensor technology, Arduino programming, and adaptable interfaces, this system
offers a glimpse into the future of access control, automation, and security.
COMPONENTS REQUIRED
1. Arduino Board: An Arduino board (e.g., Arduino Uno, Arduino Nano, or
similar) to control and process the sensor data and trigger actions.
2. Passive Infrared (PIR) Motion Sensors: sensors are essential for detecting
human presence based on changes in infrared radiation. You may need multiple
PIR sensors for different angles or areas of detection.
3. Ultrasonic Sensors: Ultrasonic sensors (e.g., HC-SR04) are used to measure
distance and proximity. These are crucial for determining how close a person is to
the door.
4. Relay Module: A relay module is required to control the door's locking or
opening mechanism. It allows the Arduino to trigger physical actions.
5. Power Supply: Depending on the specific sensors and requirements, you might
need a power supply or battery to ensure continuous operation.
6. Breadboard and Jumper Wires: These are used for prototyping and
connecting components on a breadboard before final assembly.
7. LEDs and Resistors: LEDs can be used for indicating various states, and
resistors are necessary to protect the LEDs and sensors from excessive current.
8. Connecting Cables: These are used to connect components and ensure the
electrical connections are secure.
9. Mounting Hardware: You'll need screws, brackets, and other hardware to
mount sensors and the Arduino to the door or frame securely.
10. Enclosure: An enclosure or casing for the system can protect it from
environmental factors and enhance the system's aesthetics.
11. Power Source: Depending on your project's requirements, you may need a
power source such as a battery pack or a reliable source of electrical power.
12. Computer: You'll need a computer to write, upload, and test the Arduino code.
13. Arduino Software (IDE): You'll need the Arduino Integrated Development
Environment (IDE) to write and upload the code to the Arduino board.
14. Additional Components: Depending on your project's specific features, you
might require additional components such as a display screen, buzzer, or a Wi-Fi
module for remote monitoring and control.
WORKING MODULE
1. WORKING PROCEDURE
1. Sensor Integration:
- The system integrates Passive Infrared (PIR) motion sensors and ultrasonic
sensors. PIR sensors detect changes in infrared radiation, allowing the system to
identify human presence.
2. Data Acquisition:
- The PIR and ultrasonic sensors continuously monitor their respective areas. PIR
sensors detect changes in temperature caused by human movement, while
ultrasonic sensors send out sound waves and calculate the time it takes for the
waves to bounce back.
3. Data Processing:
- The Arduino microcontroller processes the data from the sensors in real-time. It
analyzes the inputs from PIR sensors to detect human presence and from ultrasonic
sensors to determine proximity.
4. Decision-Making Logic:
- The Arduino uses a predefined algorithm and a set of conditional statements. It
decides how to respond based on the combined information from PIR and
ultrasonic sensors.
5. Triggering Actions:
- Depending on the detected presence and proximity, the system can trigger
specific actions. For instance, if a person approaches the door, it can automatically
open. If no presence is detected, the door remains closed.
2. EXPERIMENTAL SETUP
1. Sensor Placement:
- The PIR sensors are strategically placed to cover the area near the door.
Multiple PIR sensors can be used to widen the detection range.
- Ultrasonic sensors are mounted to measure the distance between the door and
any nearby objects or individuals.
2. Arduino Integration:
- The Arduino board is connected to the PIR and ultrasonic sensors via the GPIO
pins. It receives sensor data and processes it through the program loaded onto the
board.
3. Door Control:
- A relay module is integrated into the system, allowing the Arduino to control
the door's locking and opening mechanisms. This module acts as the bridge
between the electronic and mechanical components.
4. Power Supply:
- Depending on the project's power requirements, a suitable power source is
provided. It can be a battery pack or a continuous electrical supply.
PHOTOGRAPHS
APPLICATIONS
1. Home Automation: In residential settings, the system enhances home
automation and security. It can be installed at the entrance door, allowing
residents to enter or exit without the need to physically open the door. This is
particularly convenient in situations where hands-free access is desired, such
as when carrying groceries or for individuals with limited mobility.
2. Energy Efficiency: The system optimizes energy consumption in homes
and businesses. Doors remain closed when no one is detected nearby,
reducing the loss of conditioned air (heating or cooling) and ultimately
lowering energy bills.
3. Commercial Spaces: In commercial environments, such as stores and
offices, the system streamlines access control. Doors can automatically open
for customers and employees, improving accessibility and convenience.
4. Healthcare Facilities: Hospitals and healthcare facilities can use the
system to regulate access to sensitive areas. It helps in maintaining a
controlled environment, improving patient safety and security.
5. Airports and Transportation Hubs: Airports and transportation hubs can
employ the system to control access to restricted areas. This enhances
security and ensures that only authorized personnel can enter specific zones.
6. Educational Institutions: Schools and universities can benefit from this
technology by controlling access to certain parts of their campuses. It can be
used to secure entrances to classrooms, laboratories, or administrative areas.
7. Retail Stores: Retail stores can automate the entrance and exit process,
enhancing the shopping experience for customers. Doors can open for
shoppers and remain closed during off-hours.
8. Public Facilities: Public facilities like libraries and government buildings
can improve access control. This is especially valuable in locations with
varying visitor traffic.
CONCLUSION
The Human Detection Smart Door Sensor System, built upon the foundation of
Arduino technology, represents a significant leap forward in the fields of access
control, security, and home automation. Through the integration of advanced
sensor technologies and a sophisticated decision-making algorithm, this system
offers a multifaceted solution that reshapes the way we interact with our physical
surroundings. This project has provided a comprehensive overview of the system's
working procedure, experimental setup, and its real-world applications. It is clear
that the system's adaptability and precision make it a versatile addition to both
residential and commercial environments. From homes seeking convenience and
security to businesses aiming to optimize energy usage and improve accessibility,
the applications of this technology are far-reaching and transformative.
Moreover, as we look ahead, the Human Detection Smart
Door Sensor System holds the promise of future advancements and innovations. Its
integration with the broader spectrum of smart technologies, including voice
control, smartphone applications, and home automation systems, hints at a future
where seamless, secure, and energy-efficient access control becomes the norm. In
closing, this project underlines the potential for technology to improve our daily
lives by marrying convenience with security and efficiency. The Human Detection
Smart Door Sensor System is a testament to the boundless possibilities of
combining sensor technology and Arduino programming to create a safer, more
accessible, and energy-conscious world. As we continue to refine and expand
upon this technology, we look forward to a future where the doors to our homes,
businesses, and public spaces open not just to entry, but to a new era of
automation, security, and connectivity.
