English Language
Guide for PMP
Study Coach
How to read and write PMBOK
Chapter 1
Initiating the Project
Develop Project Charter
ﺗﻄﻮﯾﺮ ﻣﯿﺜﺎق اﻟﻤﺸﺮوع
Vocabulary & idioms for PMP:
• Interdependencies إرﺗﺒﺎطﺎت
• Project Integration Management إدارة ﺗﻜﺎﻣﻞ اﻟﻤﺸﺮوع
• Incorporate ﯾﺘﻀﻤﻦ
• Narrow specialization اﻟﺘﺨﺼﺺ اﻟﻤﺤﺪود
• Assumption log ﺳﺠﻞ اﻹﻓﺘﺮاﺿﺎت
• Enterprise environmental factors اﻟﻌﻮاﻣﻞ اﻟﺒﯿﺌﯿﺔ اﻟﻤﺆﺛﺮة ﻓﻰ اﻟﻤﻮﺿﻮع
• Kick-off إطﻼق
• Subsidiary management plan ﺧﻄﺔ اﻹدارة اﻟﻔﺮﻋﯿﺔ
• Preventive action إﺟﺮاء وﻗﺎﺋﻰ
• Tacit ﺿﻤﻨﻰ
• Expertise ﺧﺒﺮة
• Trend analysis ﺗﺤﻠﯿﻞ اﻹﺗﺠﺎه
• Facilitate ﺗﯿﺴﯿﺮ
• Autocratic إﺳﺘﺒﺪادى
• Multicriteria ﻣﺘﻌﺪد اﻟﻤﻌﺎﯾﯿﺮ
• pre-requisites اﻟﺸﺮوط
• leveraged ﻳﺮﻓﻊ
• advantage ﻣﯿﺰة
• reactively ﺑﺸﻜﻞ ﺗﻔﺎﻋﻠﻰ
• elaboration إﻋﺪاد
• Contractual obligation إﻟﺘﺰام ﺗﻌﺎﻗﺪى
• Disciplines اﻟﺘﺨﺼﺼﺎت
• Measurable ﻗﺎﺑﻞ ﻟﻠﻘﯿﺎس
Word Abbreviation Meaning اﻟﺘﺮﺟﻤﺔ
Accelerated
اﻹھﻼك اﻟﻤﻌﺠﻞ اﻷﺻﻮل ﺗﻔﻘﺪ ﻗﯿﻤﺘﮭﺎ ﺑﺸﻜﻞ أﺳﺮع ﻣﻦ اﻹھﻼك اﻟﺜﺎﺑﺖ
Depreciation
Accepted اﻟﻤﻨﺘﺠﺎت أو اﻟﻨﺘﺎﺋﺞ أو اﻟﻘﺪرات اﻟﻨﺎﺗﺠﺔ ﻋﻦ اﻟﻤﺸﺮوع واﻟﺘﻰ ﺗﺤﻘﻖ ﻋﻤﻼء أو رﻋﺎة اﻟﻤﺸﺮوع
اﻟﺘﺴﻠﯿﻤﺎت اﻟﻤﻘﺒﻮﻟﺔ
Deliverables ﻣﻦ أﻧﮭﺎ ﺗﻔﻰ ﺑﻤﻌﺎﯾﯿﺮ اﻟﻘﺒﻮل اﻟﻤﺤﺪده ﻣﻦ ﻗﺒﻠﮭﻢ
طﻠﺒﺎت اﻟﺘﻐﯿﯿﺮ اﻟﺘﻰ ﺗﻤﺖ
Approved
اﻟﻤﻮاﻓﻘﮫ ﻋﻠﯿﮭﺎ)طﻠﺒﺎت ھﻰ طﻠﺒﺎت اﻟﺘﻐﯿﯿﺮ اﻟﺘﻰ ﺗﻤﺖ اﻟﻤﻮاﻓﻘﮫ ﻋﻠﯿﮭﺎ ﻣﻦ ﻗﺒﻞ ﻣﺠﻠﺲ اﻟﺘﺤﻜﻢ ﻓﻰ اﻟﺘﻐﯿﯿﺮ
Change Requests اﻟﺘﻐﯿﯿﺮ اﻟﻤﻌﺘﻤﺪه(
Change Control ﻣﺠﻤﻮﻋﮫ ﻣﻌﺘﻤﺪة ﻣﺸﻜﻠﮫ رﺳﻤﯿﺎ ﻟﺘﻜﻮن ﻣﺴﺌﻮﻟﺔ ﻋﻦ ﻣﺮاﺟﻌﺔ ،أو ﺗﻘﯿﯿﻢ ،أو اﻋﺘﻤﺎد ،أو ﺗﺄﺧﯿﺮ،
CCB ﻣﺠﻠﺲ اﻟﺘﺤﻜﻢ ﻓﻰ اﻟﺘﻐﯿﯿﺮ
Board أو رﻓﺾ اﻟﺘﻐﯿﯿﺮات ﻓﻰ اﻟﻤﺸﺮوع ،وﻛﺬﻟﻚ ﺗﺴﺠﯿﻞ ﻣﺜﻞ ھﺬه اﻟﻘﺮارات واﻟﺘﻮاﺻﻞ ﺑﺸﺄﻧﮭﺎ
Change Control ﻣﺠﻤﻮﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ اﻹﺟﺮاءات اﻟﺘﻰ ﺗﺼﻒ ﻛﯿﻔﯿﺔ إدارة وﻣﺮاﻗﺒﺔ اﻟﺘﻌﺪﯾﻼت ﻓﻰ ﺗﺴﻠﯿﻤﺎت اﻟﻤﺸﺮوع
ﻧﻈﺎم اﻟﺘﺤﻜﻢ ﻓﻰ اﻟﺘﻐﯿﯿﺮ
System ووﺛﺎﺋﻘﮫ
Change Control أدوات ﯾﺪوﯾﮫ أو آﻟﯿﮫ ﻟﻠﻤﺴﺎﻋﺪه ﻓﻰ إدارة اﻟﺘﻐﯿﯿﺮ و/أو اﻟﺘﮭﯿﺌﮫ .وﻛﺤﺪ أدﻧﻰ ،ﯾﻨﺒﻐﻰ أن ﺗﺪﻋﻢ ﺗﻠﻚ
أدوات اﻟﺘﺤﻜﻢ ﻓﻰ اﻟﺘﻐﯿﯿﺮ
Tools اﻷدوات أﻧﺸﻄﺔ ﻣﺠﻠﺲ اﻟﺘﺤﻜﻢ ﻓﻰ اﻟﺘﻐﯿﯿﺮ
ﻗﺎﺋﻤﺔ ﺷﺎﻣﻠﮫ ﺑﺎﻟﺘﻐﯿﯿﺮات اﻟﺘﻰ ﺗﻤﺖ أﺛﻨﺎء ﺗﻨﻔﯿﺬ اﻟﻤﺸﺮوع .وﯾﺘﻀﻤﻦ ذﻟﻚ ﻋﺎدة ﺗﻮارﯾﺦ اﻟﺘﻐﯿﯿﺮ
Change Log ﺳﺠﻞ اﻟﺘﻐﯿﯿﺮ
واﻷﺛﺎر اﻟﻤﺘﺮﺗﺒﮫ ﻋﻠﯿﮫ ﻣﻦ ﺣﯿﺚ اﻟﻮﻗﺖ واﻟﺘﻜﻠﻔﮫ واﻟﻤﺨﺎطﺮ
Change
Management ﺧﻄﺔ إدارة اﻟﺘﻐﯿﯿﺮ ﺗﻮﺛﻖ ﻛﯿﻔﯿﺔ اﻟﻤﺘﺎﺑﻌﮫ واﻟﺘﺤﻜﻢ ﻓﻰ اﻟﺘﻐﯿﯿﺮات
Plan
Change Request طﻠﺒﺎت اﻟﺘﻐﯿﯿﺮ ﻣﻘﺘﺮح رﺳﻤﻰ ﻟﺘﻌﺪﯾﻞ أى وﺛﯿﻘﺔ أو ﺗﺴﻠﯿﻤﺎت)ﻣﺨﺮج( أو ﺧﻂ ﻣﺮﺟﻌﻰ
Close Project or إﻏﻼق اﻟﻤﺸﺮوع أو ﻋﻤﻠﯿﺔ اﻹﻧﺘﮭﺎء ﻣﻦ ﻛﺎﻓﺔ اﻷﻧﺸﻄﮫ اﻟﻤﻮﺟﻮده ﻓﻰ ﺟﻤﯿﻊ ﻣﺠﻤﻮﻋﺎت ﻋﻤﻠﯿﺎت إدارة اﻟﻤﺸﺮوع ﻟﯿﺘﻢ
Phase اﻟﻤﺮﺣﻠﺔ إﻧﮭﺎء اﻟﻤﺸﺮوع أو اﻟﻤﺮﺣﻠﺔ ﺑﺼﻔﺔ رﺳﻤﯿﺔ
Configuration
Management ﺧﻄﺔ إدارة اﻟﺘﮭﯿﺌﺔ ﺗﻮﺛﻖ ﻛﯿﻔﯿﺔ إﺟﺮاء إدارة اﻟﺘﮭﯿﺌﺔ
Plan
ﻧﻈﺎم ﻓﺮﻋﻰ ﻣﻦ اﻟﻨﻈﺎم اﻟﻜﻠﻰ ﻹدارة اﻟﻤﺸﺮوع .وھﻮ ﻣﺠﻤﻮﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ اﻹﺟﺮاءات اﻟﺮﺳﻤﯿﺔ اﻟﻤﻮﺛﻘﺔ
Configuration اﻟﺘﻰ ﺗﺴﺘﺨﺪم ﻓﻰ ﺗﻄﺒﯿﻖ اﻟﺘﻮﺟﯿﮭﺎت اﻟﺘﻘﻨﯿﺔ واﻹدارﯾﺔ واﻹﺷﺮاف ﺑﮭﺪف :ﺗﺤﺪﯾﺪ وﺗﺴﺠﯿﻞ
اﻟﺨﺼﺎﺋﺺ اﻟﻮظﯿﻔﯿﺔ واﻟﻤﺎدﯾﮫ ﻟﻠﻤﻨﺘﺞ ،أو اﻟﻨﺘﺎﺋﺞ ،أو اﻟﺨﺪﻣﺔ ،أو اﻟﻤﻜﻮﻧﺎت؛ وﻟﻤﺮاﻗﺒﺔ ﻛﻞ ﺗﻐﯿﯿﺮ
Management ﻧﻈﺎم إدارة اﻟﺘﮭﯿﺌﺔ
ﯾﻄﺮأ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗﻠﻚ اﻟﺨﺼﺎﺋﺺ؛ وﺗﺴﺠﯿﻞ واﻹﺑﻼغ ﻋﻦ ﻛﻞ ﺗﻐﯿﯿﺮ وﻋﻦ ﺣﺎﻟﺔ ﺗﻨﻔﯿﺬه؛ وﻟﺪﻋﻢ ﻋﻤﻠﯿﺔ
System ﻣﺮاﺟﻌﺔ اﻟﻤﻨﺘﺠﺎت ،أو اﻟﻨﺘﺎﺋﺞ ،أو اﻟﻤﻜﻮﻧﺎت ﻟﻠﺘﺤﻘﻖ ﻣﻦ ﺗﻮاﻓﻘﮭﺎ ﻣﻊ اﻟﻤﺘﻄﻠﺒﺎت .وھﻮ ﯾﺸﺘﻤﻞ
ﻋﻠﻰ اﻟﺘﻮﺛﯿﻖ ،وﻧﻈﻢ اﻟﻤﺘﺎﺑﻌﺔ ،وﻣﺴﺘﻮﯾﺎت اﻟﻤﻮاﻓﻘﺔ اﻟﻀﺮورﯾﺔ ﻟﻤﻨﺢ ﺳﻠﻄﺔ اﻟﺘﻐﯿﯿﺮ وﻣﺮاﻗﺒﺘﺔ
Cost Benefit
ﺗﺤﻠﯿﻞ اﻟﺘﻜﻠﻔﺔ واﻟﻤﻨﻔﻌﺔ ﯾﻘﺎرن اﻟﺘﻜﺎﻟﯿﻒ اﻟﻤﺘﻮﻗﻌﺔ ﻟﻠﻤﺸﺮوع إﻟﻰ اﻟﻔﻮاﺋﺪ اﻟﻤﺤﺘﻤﻠﺔ اﻟﺘﻰ ﯾﻤﻜﻦ أن ﺗﺠﻠﺒﮭﺎ اﻟﻤﻨﻈﻤﺔ
Analysis
ھﻰ ﻛﻞ ﻣﺎﯾﻤﻜﻦ اﻟﺘﺤﻘﻖ ﻣﻨﮫ ﺳﻮاء ﻣﻨﺘﺞ أو ﻧﺘﯿﺠﺔ ،أو ﻗﺪرة ﻋﻠﻰ أداء ﺧﺪﻣﺔ ،وﯾﺠﺐ إﻧﺠﺎزه
Deliverables اﻟﺘﺴﻠﯿﻤﺎت)اﻟﻤﺨﺮج(
ﻹﻛﻤﺎل ﻋﻤﻠﯿﺔ أو ﻣﺮﺣﻠﺔ أو ﻣﺸﺮوع
Depreciation اﻹھﻼك اﻷﺻﻮل اﻟﻀﺨﻤﺔ ﺗﻔﻘﺪ ﻗﯿﻤﺘﮭﺎ ﻣﻊ ﻣﺮور اﻟﻮﻗﺖ
Develop Project ﻋﻤﻠﯿﺔ ﺗﻄﻮﯾﺮ وﺛﯿﻘﺔ ﺗﻤﻨﺢ اﻟﺼﻼﺣﯿﺔ رﺳﻤﯿﺎ ﺑﻨﺸﻮء ﻣﺸﺮوع ،وﺗﻤﺪ ﻣﺪﯾﺮ اﻟﻤﺸﺮوع ﺑﺼﻼﺣﯿﺔ
ﺗﻄﻮﯾﺮ ﻣﯿﺜﺎق اﻟﻤﺸﺮوع
Charter إﺳﺘﻐﻼل ﻣﻮارد اﻟﻤﻨﻈﻤﺔ ﻓﻰ أﻧﺸﻄﺔ اﻟﻤﺸﺮوع
Develop Project
ﺗﻄﻮﯾﺮ ﺧﻄﺔ إدارة ﻋﻤﻠﯿﺔ ﺗﺤﺪﯾﺪ وإﻋﺪاد وﺗﻨﺴﯿﻖ ﺟﻤﯿﻊ اﻟﺨﻄﻂ اﻟﻔﺮﻋﯿﺔ وﻣﻦ ﺛﻢ دﻣﺠﮭﺎ ﻓﻰ ﺧﻄﺔ ﺷﺎﻣﻠﺔ ﻹدارة
Management اﻟﻤﺸﺮوع اﻟﻤﺸﺮوع
Plan
Direct & Manage ﺗﻮﺟﯿﺔ وإدارة أﻋﻤﺎل ﻋﻤﻠﯿﺔ ﻗﯿﺎدة وإﻧﺠﺎز اﻟﻌﻤﻞ اﻟﻤﺤﺪد ﻓﻰ ﺧﻄﺔ إدارة اﻟﻤﺸﺮوع وﺗﻄﺒﯿﻖ اﻟﺘﻐﯿﯿﺮات اﻟﻤﻌﺘﻤﺪة ﻟﺘﺤﻘﯿﻖ
Project Work اﻟﻤﺸﺮوع أھﺪاف اﻟﻤﺸﺮوع
Economic Value اﻟﻘﯿﻤﺔ اﻹﻗﺘﺼﺎدﯾﺔ
ﯾﻌﻨﻰ ﻣﺎ إذا ﻛﺎن اﻟﻤﺸﺮوع ﯾﻌﯿﺪ إاﻟﻰ اﻟﺸﺮﻛﺔ ﻗﯿﻤﺔ أﻛﺜﺮ ﻣﻦ ﺗﻜﻠﻔﺔ اﻹﻧﺸﺎء
Added اﻟﻤﻀﺎﻓﺔ
رأى ﯾﻘﺪم ﺑﻨﺎء ﻋﻠﻰ ﺧﺒﺮات ﻓﻰ ﻣﺠﺎل اﻟﺘﻄﺒﯿﻖ واﻟﻤﻌﺮﻓﺔ واﻟﺴﻠﻮك واﻟﺼﻨﺎﻋﮫ إﻟﺦ .ﺑﻤﺎ ﯾﺘﻼءم
Expert Judgment إﺳﺘﺸﺎرة اﻟﺨﺒﯿﺮ ﻣﻊ اﻟﻨﺸﺎط اﻟﻤﻨﺠﺰ وﯾﻤﻜﻦ ﺗﻘﺪﯾﻢ ھﺬه اﻟﺨﺒﺮات ﺑﻮاﺳﻄﺔ أى ﻣﺠﻤﻮﻋﺔ أو ﺷﺨﺺ ﺣﺼﻞ ﻋﻠﻰ
ﺗﻌﻠﯿﻢ ﻣﺘﺨﺼﺺ أو ﻟﺪﯾﮫ ﻣﻌﺮﻓﺔ أو ﻣﮭﺎرة أو ﺧﺒﺮة أو ﺗﺪرﯾﺐ
Final Product, إﻧﺘﻘﺎل اﻟﻤﻨﺘﺞ أو اﻟﺨﺪﻣﺔ
إﻧﺘﻘﺎل اﻟﻤﻨﺘﺞ اﻟﻨﮭﺎﺋﻲ أو اﻟﺨﺪﻣﺔ أو اﻟﻨﺘﯿﺠﺔ اﻟﻨﮭﺎﺋﯿﺔ اﻟﺘﻰ ﺻﺮح ﻟﻠﻤﺸﺮوع ﺑﺈﻧﺘﺎﺟﮭﺎ
Service or Result أو اﻟﻨﺘﯿﺠﺔ اﻟﻨﮭﺎﺋﯿﺔ
Internal Rate of
IRR ﻣﻌﺪل اﻟﻌﺎﺋﺪ اﻟﺪاﺧﻠﻰ ﺳﻌﺮ اﻟﻔﺎﺋﺪة اﻟﺬى ﺗﺘﺴﺎوى ﻋﻨﺪه اﯾﺮادات وﺗﻜﺎﻟﯿﻒ اﻟﻤﺸﺮوع
Return
Law of
Diminishing ﻗﺎﻧﻮن اﻟﻌﻮاﺋﺪ اﻟﻤﺘﻼﺷﯿﺔ ﺑﻌﺪ ﻧﻘﻄﺔ ﻣﻌﯿﻨﺔ ،إﺿﺎﻓﺔ اﻟﻤﺰﯾﺪ ﻣﻦ اﻟﻤﺪﺧﻼت ﻟﻦ ﯾﺆدى إﻟﻰ زﯾﺎدة ﻣﺤﺘﻤﻠﺔ ﻓﻰ اﻹﻧﺘﺎﺟﯿﺔ
Returns
Monitor and
اﻟﻤﺘﺎﺑﻌﺔ واﻟﺘﺤﻜﻢ ﻓﻰ ﻋﻤﻠﯿﺔ ﻣﺘﺎﺑﻌﺔ وﻣﺮاﺟﻌﺔ وإﻋﺪاد ﺗﻘﺮﯾﺮ ﻣﺎﯾﺘﻢ إﺣﺮازه ﻣﻦ ﺗﻘﺪم ﻧﺤﻮ ﺗﺤﻘﯿﻖ أھﺪاف اﻷداء اﻟﻤﺤﺪدة
Control Project ﻋﻤﻞ اﻟﻤﺸﺮوع ﻓﻰ ﺧﻄﺔ إدارة اﻟﻤﺸﺮوع
Work
Net Present
NPV اﻟﻘﯿﻤﺔ اﻟﺤﺎﻟﯿﺔ اﻟﻤﺠﻤﻠﺔ اﻟﻘﯿﻤﺔ اﻟﺤﺎﻟﯿﺔ ﻟﻤﺠﻤﻮع اﻟﻌﻮاﺋﺪ ﻧﺎﻗﺺ اﻟﺘﻜﺎﻟﯿﻒ ﻋﻠﻰ اﻟﻌﺪﯾﺪ ﻣﻦ اﻟﻔﺘﺮات اﻟﺰﻣﻨﯿﺔ
Value
Opportunity Cost ﺗﻜﻠﻔﺔ اﻟﻔﺮﺻﺔ اﻟﺒﺪﯾﻠﺔ ھﻰ ﻗﯿﻤﺔ اﻟﻤﺸﺮوع اﻟﺬى ﻟﻢ ﯾﺘﻢ اﺧﺘﯿﺎره
اﻟﻤﺪة اﻟﺰﻣﻨﯿﺔ اﻟﺘﻰ ﺗﺴﺘﻐﺮﻗﮭﺎ اﻟﻤﺆﺳﺴﺔ ﻻﺳﺘﺮداد اﺳﺘﺜﻤﺎراﺗﮭﺎ ﻓﻰ اﻟﻤﺸﺮوع ﻗﺒﻞ أن ﯾﺒﺪأ ﻓﻰ ﺟﻨﻰ
Payback Period ﻓﺘﺮة اﻻﺳﺘﺮداد
اﻷرﺑﺎح
Perform ﻋﻤﻠﯿﺔ ﻣﺮاﺟﻌﺔ ﺟﻤﯿﻊ طﻠﺒﺎت اﻟﺘﻐﯿﯿﺮ واﻋﺘﻤﺎد اﻟﺘﻐﯿﯿﺮات وإدارة اﻟﺘﻐﯿﯿﺮات اﻟﺘﻰ ﺗﻄﺮأ ﻋﻠﻰ
إﺟﺮاء اﻟﺘﺤﻜﻢ اﻟﻤﺘﻜﺎﻣﻞ
Integrated ﻓﻰ اﻟﺘﻐﯿﯿﺮ
اﻟﺘﺴﻠﯿﻤﺎت وﻣﺼﺎدر اﻟﻌﻤﻠﯿﺔ اﻟﺘﻨﻈﯿﻤﯿﺔ ووﺛﺎﺋﻖ اﻟﻤﺸﺮوع وﺧﻄﺔ إدارة اﻟﻤﺸﺮوع واﻹﺑﻼغ
Change Control ﺑﺘﻨﺴﯿﻘﮭﺎ
وﺛﯿﻘﺔ ﯾﺼﺪرھﺎ ﺻﺎﺣﺐ اﻟﻤﺒﺎدرة أو راﻋﻰ اﻟﻤﺸﺮوع وﺗﻤﻨﺢ اﻟﺘﺼﺮﯾﺢ اﻟﺮﺳﻤﻰ ﺑﻮﺟﻮد ﻣﺸﺮوع
ﻣﺎ وﺗﻮﻓﺮ ﻟﻤﺪﯾﺮ اﻟﻤﺸﺮوع ﺻﻼﺣﯿﺔ اﺳﺘﺨﺪام ﻣﻮارد اﻟﻤﻨﻈﻤﺔ ﻓﻰ أﻧﺸﻄﺔ اﻟﻤﺸﺮوع .وھﻮ ﯾﻮﺛﻖ
Project Charter ﻣﯿﺜﺎق اﻟﻤﺸﺮوع
اﺣﺘﯿﺎﺟﺎت واﻓﺘﺮاﺿﺎت وﻗﯿﻮد اﻟﻌﻤﻞ ،واﺳﺘﯿﻌﺎب اﺣﺘﯿﺎﺟﺎت اﻟﻌﻤﯿﻞ ،واﻟﻤﺘﻄﻠﺒﺎت رﻓﯿﻌﺔ
اﻟﻤﺴﺘﻮى ،واﻟﻤﻨﺘﺞ اﻟﺠﺪﯾﺪ أو اﻟﺨﺪﻣﺔ أو اﻟﻨﺘﯿﺠﺔ اﻟﺠﺪﯾﺪة اﻟﺘﻰ ﯾﮭﺪف اﻟﻤﯿﺜﺎق إﻟﻰ ﺗﻠﺒﯿﺘﮭﺎ
Statement of
SOW ﺑﯿﺎن اﻟﻌﻤﻞ وﺻﻒ ﺗﻔﺼﯿﻠﻲ ﻟﻠﻤﻨﺘﺠﺎت ،أو اﻟﺨﺪﻣﺎت ،أو اﻟﻨﺘﺎﺋﺞ اﻟﻤﻄﻠﻮب ﺗﻮﻓﯿﺮھﺎ ﻣﻦ ﺧﻼل اﻟﻤﺸﺮوع
Work
Straight Line
اﻹھﻼك اﻟﺜﺎﺑﺖ اﻷﺻﻮل ﺗﻔﻘﺪ ﻧﻔﺲ اﻟﻘﯿﻤﺔ ﻛﻞ ﻓﺘﺮة زﻣﻨﯿﺔ ﻣﺤﺪدة
Depreciation
ھﻰ اﻟﺘﻜﺎﻟﺒﻒ اﻟﺘﻰ ﺗﻢ إﻧﻔﺎﻗﮭﺎ ،وﻻ ﯾﻨﺒﻐﻰ اﺧﺬھﺎ ﻓﻰ اﻻﻋﺘﺒﺎر ﻋﻨﺪ اﺗﺨﺎذ ﻗﺮار ﻣﺎ إذا ﻛﺎن ﺳﯿﺴﺘﻤﺮ
Sunk costs اﻟﺘﻜﺎﻟﯿﻒ اﻟﮭﺎﻟﻜﺔ
اﻟﻤﺸﺮوع أم ﻻ
اﻟﻘﯿﺎم ﺑﺎﻹﺧﺘﯿﺎر اﻟﺪﻗﯿﻖ ﻟﻠﻌﻤﻠﯿﺔ وﻣﺪﺧﻼﺗﮭﺎ وﻣﺨﺮﺟﺎﺗﮭﺎ ذات اﻟﺼﻠﺔ اﻟﻮاردة ﻓﻰ دﻟﯿﻞ
Tailor اﻟﺘﻔﺼﯿﻞ ®PMBOKاﻟﺨﺎص ﺑﻤﻌﻠﻮﻣﺎت إدارة اﻟﻤﺸﺮوﻋﺎت ﻟﺘﺤﺪﯾﺪ اﻟﻤﺠﻤﻮﻋﺔ اﻟﺠﺰﺋﯿﺔ ﻟﻠﻌﻤﻠﯿﺎت
اﻟﻤﺤﺪدة اﻟﺘﻰ ﺳﯿﺘﻢ إدراﺟﮭﺎ ﺿﻤﻦ ﻧﮭﺞ إدارة اﻟﻤﺸﺮوع اﻟﻜﻠﻰ
إﺟﺮاء ﻣﻨﮭﺠﻰ ﻣﺤﺪد ﯾﻮظﻔﮫ ﻣﻮرد ﺑﺸﺮى ﻹﺟﺮاء ﻧﺸﺎط ﻣﺎ ﺑﻐﯿﺔ إﺧﺮاج ﻣﻨﺘﺞ أو ﻧﺘﯿﺠﺔ أو ﺗﺴﻠﯿﻢ
Technique اﺳﻠﻮب ﺗﻘﻨﻰ
ﺧﺪﻣﺔ ،وﻗﺪ ﯾﻮظﻒ أداة واﺣﺪة أو أﻛﺜﺮ
Exercises:
(Assumption log, kick-off, tacit, Autocratic)
1. Described in Section 10.2.2.6. Networking allows informal connections and relations among
project stakeholders to be established and creates the conditions to share ـــــــــــــــــــــــand
explicit knowledge.
2. ـــــــــــــــــــــــــDescribed in Section 4.1.3.2. The assumption log contains information about
assumptions and constraints identified as affecting the project.
3. ــــــــــــــــــــــdecision making. In this decision-making technique, one individual takes the
responsibility for making the decision for the entire group.
4. Types of meetings include but are not limited to ـــــــــــــــــــــ, technical, sprint or iteration planning,
Scrum daily standups, steering group, problem solving, progress update, and retrospective
meetings.
Answers:
1. Tacit
2. Assumption log
3. Autocratic
4. kick-off
Identify Stakeholder
ﺗﻌﺮﯾﻒ اﻟﻤﻌﻨﯿﯿﻦ
Vocabulary & idioms for PMP:
• Interdependencies اﻹﻋﺘﻤﺎدﯾﺎت
• Satisfaction إرﺿﺎء
• three-dimensional ﺛﻼﺛﻰ اﻷﺑﻌﺎد
• multidimensional ﻣﺘﻌﺪد اﻷﺑﻌﺎد
• Political awareness اﻟﻮﻋﻰ اﻟﺴﯿﺎﺳﻰ
• Teleconferencing اﻟﻤﺆﺗﻤﺮات اﻟﮭﺎﺗﻔﯿﺔ
Word Abbreviation Meaning اﻟﺘﺮﺟﻤﺔ
Control
ﻣﺘﺎﺑﻌﺔ ﻣﺸﺎرﻛﺔ اﻟﻤﻌﻨﯿﯿﻦ ﻋﻤﻠﯿﺔ اﻟﻤﺮاﻗﺒﺔ اﻟﺸﺎﻣﻠﺔ ﻟﻌﻼﻗﺎت اﻟﻤﻌﻨﯿﯿﻦ ﺑﺎﻟﻤﺸﺮوع وﺗﻌﺪﯾﻞ اﻻﺳﺘﺮاﺗﯿﺠﯿﺎت واﻟﺨﻄﻂ
Stakeholders ﺑﺎﻟﻤﺸﺮوع ﻹﺷﺮاك اﻟﻤﻌﻨﯿﯿﻦ
Engagement
Identify ﻋﻤﻠﯿﺔ ﺗﺤﺪﯾﺪ اﻷﻓﺮاد أو اﻟﻤﺠﻤﻮﻋﺎت أو اﻟﻤﺆﺳﺴﺎت اﻟﺘﻰ ﯾﻤﻜﻦ أن ﺗﺆﺛﺮ أو ﺗﺘﺄﺛﺮ ﺑﻘﺮار أو
ﺗﺤﺪﯾﺪ اﻟﻤﻌﻨﯿﯿﻦ ﻧﺸﺎط أو ﻧﺘﯿﺠﺔ اﻟﻤﺸﺮوع ،وﺗﺤﻠﯿﻞ وﺗﻮﺛﯿﻖ اﻟﻤﻌﻠﻮﻣﺎت ذات اﻟﺼﻠﺔ اﻟﻤﺘﻌﻠﻘﺔ ﺑﺎھﺘﻤﺎﻣﺎﺗﮭﻢ
Stakeholders واﺷﺘﺮاﻛﮭﻢ وﺗﺮاﺑﻄﮭﻢ وﻓﺎﻋﻠﯿﺘﮭﻢ وﺗﺄﺛﯿﺮھﻢ اﻟﻤﺤﺘﻤﻞ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻧﺠﺎح اﻟﻤﺸﺮوع
leading ﻗﯿﺎدى ﻋﻠﻰ دراﯾﺔ ﺑﺎﻟﻤﺸﺮوع واﻵﺛﺎر اﻟﻤﺤﺘﻤﻠﺔ وﻣﺸﺎرك ﺑﻔﺎﻋﻠﯿﺔ ﻓﻰ ﺿﻤﺎن ﻧﺠﺎح اﻟﻤﺸﺮوع
Legitimacy اﻟﻤﺸﺮوﻋﯿﺔ ﻣﻼﺋﻤﺔ اﻟﻤﺸﺎرﻛﺔ
Manage ﻋﻤﻠﯿﺔ اﻟﺘﻮاﺻﻞ ﻣﻊ اﻟﻤﻌﻨﯿﯿﻦ ﺑﺎﻟﻤﺸﺮوع واﻟﺘﻌﺎون ﻣﻌﮭﻢ ﻟﺘﻠﺒﯿﺔ اﺣﺘﯿﺎﺟﺎﺗﮭﻢ أو ﺗﻮﻗﻌﺎﺗﮭﻢ،
إدارة ﻣﺸﺎرﻛﺔ اﻟﻤﻌﻨﯿﯿﻦ
Stakeholders ﺑﺎﻟﻤﺸﺮوع
ورﺻﺪ اﻟﻤﺸﺎﻛﻞ ﻋﻨﺪ وﻗﻮﻋﮭﺎ ،وﺗﻌﺰﯾﺰ ﻣﺸﺎرﻛﺔ اﻟﻤﻌﻨﯿﯿﻦ ﻓﻰ أﻧﺸﻄﺔ اﻟﻤﺸﺮوع ﻋﻠﻰ ﻧﺤﻮ
Engagement ﻣﻨﺎﺳﺐ طﻮال دورة ﺣﯿﺎة اﻟﻤﺸﺮوع
اﻟﻘﺪرة ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗﺨﻄﯿﻂ وﺗﻮﺟﯿﮫ وﺗﻨﻈﯿﻢ وﻣﺮاﻗﺒﺔ اﻷﻓﺮاد أو ﻣﺠﻤﻮﻋﺎت ﻣﻦ اﻷﻓﺮاد ﻟﺘﺤﻘﯿﻖ
Management Skills اﻟﻤﮭﺎرات اﻹدارﯾﺔ
أھﺪاف ﻣﺤﺪدة
Neutral ﻣﺤﺎﯾﺪ ﻋﻠﻰ دراﯾﺔ ﺑﺎﻟﻤﺸﺮوع وﻟﻜﻨﮫ ﻟﯿﺲ ﻣﺆﯾﺪ وﻻ ﻣﻌﺎرض
Plan Stakeholders ﻋﻤﻠﯿﺔ وﺿﮫ اﺳﺘﺮاﺗﯿﺠﯿﺎت إدارﯾﺔ ﻣﻨﺎﺳﺒﺔ ﻹﺷﺮاك اﻟﻤﻌﻨﯿﯿﻦ ﺑﺎﻟﻤﺸﺮوع ﻋﻠﻰ ﻧﺤﻮ ﻓﻌﺎل طﻮال
وﺿﻊ ﺧﻄﺔ إدارة اﻟﻤﻌﻨﯿﯿﻦ
دورة ﺣﯿﺎة اﻟﻤﺸﺮوع ﺑﻨﺎء ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗﺤﻠﯿﻞ اﺣﺘﯿﺎﺟﺎﺗﮭﻢ وﻣﺼﺎﻟﺤﮭﻢ وﺗﺄﺛﯿﺮھﻢ اﻟﻤﺤﺘﻤﻞ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻧﺠﺎح
Management ﺑﺎﻟﻤﺸﺮوع
اﻟﻤﺸﺮوع
ﺗﺠﻤﯿﻊ اﻟﻤﻌﻨﯿﯿﻦ ﺑﺎﻟﻤﺸﺮوع ﺑﻨﺎء ﻋﻠﻰ ﻣﺴﺘﻮى ﺳﻠﻄﺘﮭﻢ ) اﻟﻨﻔﻮذ( وﻣﺴﺘﻮى اھﺘﻤﺎﻣﮭﻢ )
power-interest grid ﺷﺒﻜﺔ اﻟﻨﻔﻮذ /اﻟﻤﺼﻠﺤﺔ
اﻟﻤﺼﻠﺤﺔ ( ﺑﺨﺼﻮص ﻋﻮاﻗﺐ اﻟﻤﺸﺮوع
resistant ﻣﻌﺎرض ﻋﻠﻰ دراﯾﺔ ﺑﺎﻟﻤﺸﺮوع واﻵﺛﺎر اﻟﻤﺤﺘﻤﻠﺔ وﻣﻌﺎرض ﻟﻠﺘﻐﯿﯿﺮ
وﺻﻒ ﻓﺌﺎت اﻟﻤﻌﻨﯿﯿﻦ ﺑﻨﺎء ﻋﻠﻰ ﻧﻔﻮذھﻢ ) اﻟﻘﺪرة ﻋﻠﻰ ﻓﺮض إرادﺗﮭﻢ ( واﻹﻟﺤﺎﺣﯿﺔ )اﻟﺤﺎﺟﺔ
Salience model ﻧﻤﻮذج اﻷھﻤﯿﺔ
إﻟﻰ اھﺘﻤﺎم ﻓﻮرى ( واﻟﻤﺸﺮوﻋﯿﺔ ) ﻣﻼﺋﻤﺔ ﻣﺸﺎرﻛﺘﮭﻢ (
Stakeholder اﺳﻠﻮب ﺗﻘﻨﻰ ﻟﺠﻤﻊ وﺗﺤﻠﯿﻞ اﻟﻤﻌﻠﻮﻣﺎت اﻟﻜﻤﯿﺔ واﻟﻨﻮﻋﯿﺔ ﺑﻤﻨﮭﺠﯿﺔ ﻟﺘﺤﺪﯾﺪ ﻣﻦ ﯾﺠﺐ ﻣﺮاﻋﺎة
ﺗﺤﻠﯿﻞ اﻟﻤﻌﻨﯿﯿﻦ
analysis اھﺘﻤﺎﻣﺎﺗﮭﻢ ﻓﻰ ﺟﻤﯿﻊ ﻣﺮاﺣﻞ اﻟﻤﺸﺮوع
stakeholder ﻣﺼﻔﻮﻓﺔ ﯾﻤﻜﻦ ﻣﻦ ﺧﻼﻟﮭﺎ ﺗﻮﺛﯿﻖ اﻟﻤﺸﺎرﻛﺔ اﻟﺤﺎﻟﯿﺔ ﻟﻠﻤﻌﻨﯿﯿﻦ واﻟﻤﺸﺎرﻛﺔ اﻟﻤﻄﻠﻮﺑﺔ وﻣﻦ
ﻣﺼﻔﻮﻓﺔ ﺗﻘﯿﯿﻢ ﻣﺸﺎرﻛﺔ ﺧﻼﻟﮭﺎ ﯾﻤﻜﻦ اﻟﻮﻗﻮف ﻋﻠﻰ اﻟﺜﻐﺮات ﺑﯿﻦ ﻣﺴﺘﻮﯾﺎت اﻟﻤﺸﺎرﻛﺔ اﻟﺤﺎﻟﯿﺔ واﻟﻤﻄﻠﻮﺑﺔ .وﯾﻤﻜﻦ
engagement اﻟﻤﻌﻨﯿﯿﻦ ﻟﻔﺮﯾﻖ اﻟﻤﺸﺮوع ﺗﺤﺪﯾﺪ اﻹﺟﺮاءات واﻻﺗﺼﺎﻻت اﻟﻤﻄﻠﻮﺑﺔ ﻟﺴﺪ ھﺬه اﻟﺜﻐﺮات ﺑﺎﺳﺘﺨﺪام
assessment matrix اﺳﺘﺸﺎرة اﻟﺨﺒﯿﺮ
Stakeholder
ﺳﺠﻞ اﻟﻤﻌﻨﯿﯿﻦ وﺛﯿﻘﺔ ﻣﺸﺮوع ﺗﺤﺘﻮى ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗﺤﺪﯾﺪ وﺗﻘﯿﯿﻢ وﺗﺼﻨﯿﻒ ﻟﻠﻤﻌﻨﯿﯿﻦ ﻓﻰ اﻟﻤﺸﺮوع
Register
ﺷﺨﺺ أو ﻣﺠﻤﻮﻋﺔ أو ﻣﻨﻈﻤﺔ ﻗﺪ ﺗﺆﺛﺮ او ﺗﺘﺄﺛﺮ او ﺗﺮى أﻧﮭﺎ ﺳﺘﺘﺄﺛﺮ ﺑﺄى ﻣﻦ ﻗﺮارات
Stakeholders اﻟﻤﻌﻨﯿﯿﻦ
اﻟﻤﺸﺮوع أو أﻧﺸﻄﺘﮫ أو ﻧﺘﺎﺋﺠﮫ
Stakeholders ﺧﻄﺔ إدارة اﻟﻤﻌﻨﯿﯿﻦ ﺑﺎﻟﻤﺸﺮوع ھﻰ ﺧﻄﺔ ﻓﺮﻋﯿﺔ ﻋﻦ ﺧﻄﺔ إدارة اﻟﻤﺸﺮوع وﺗﺤﺪد اﻟﻌﻤﻠﯿﺎت
ﺧﻄﺔ إدارة اﻟﻤﻌﻨﯿﯿﻦ واﻹﺟﺮاءات واﻷدوات واﻷﺳﺎﻟﯿﺐ اﻟﺘﻘﻨﯿﺔ ﻟﻤﺸﺎرﻛﺔ اﻟﻤﻌﻨﯿﯿﻦ ﺑﻔﺎﻋﻠﯿﺔ ﻓﻰ ﻗﺮارات اﻟﻤﺸﺮوع
Management Plan واﻟﺘﻨﻔﯿﺬ ﻋﻠﻰ أﺳﺎس ﺗﺤﻠﯿﻞ اﺣﺘﯿﺎﺟﺎﺗﮭﻢ وﻣﺼﺎﻟﺤﮭﻢ واﻵﺛﺎر اﻟﻤﺤﺘﻤﻠﺔ
supportive ﻣﺆﯾﺪ ﻋﻠﻰ دراﯾﺔ ﺑﺎﻟﻤﺸﺮوع واﻵﺛﺎر اﻟﻤﺤﺘﻤﻠﺔ وﻣﺆﯾﺪ ﻟﻠﺘﻐﯿﯿﺮ
unaware ﻋﺪم اﻟﺪراﯾﺔ ﻟﯿﺲ ﻋﻠﻰ دراﯾﺔ ﺑﺎﻟﻤﺸﺮوع واﻵﺛﺎر اﻟﻤﺤﺘﻤﻠﺔ
Urgency اﻹﻟﺤﺎﺣﯿﺔ اﻟﺤﺎﺟﮫ إﻟﻰ اھﺘﻤﺎم ﻓﻮرى
Exercises:
)(Interdependencies, supportive, identifying project stakeholders, Teleconferencing
1. The process of ………………. regularly and analyzing and documenting relevant information
regarding their interests, involvement, interdependencies, influence, and potential impact on
project success
2. Program management supports organizational strategies by authorizing, changing, or
terminating projects and managing their…………….. .
3. While face-to-face interactions are ideal, they can be expensive. …………………and technology
bridge the gap and provide numerous ways to connect and conduct a meeting.
4. Work performance data contains data on project status such as which stakeholders are
………………. of the project, and their level and type of engagement.
Answers:
1. identifying project stakeholders
2. interdependencies
3. Teleconferencing
4. supportive
PMBOK GRAMMER IN USE:
Present simple & future simple
Present simple tense:
We use the Present Simple to talk about things in general. We use it to say that
something happens all the time or repeatedly, or that something is true in general:
أو ﻟﻺﺷﺎرة، ﻓﻨﺴﺘﺨﺪﻣﮫ ﻟﻺﺷﺎرة إﻟﻰ ﺷﺊ ﯾﺤﺪث طﻮال اﻟﻮﻗﺖ أو ﺑﺼﻔﺔ ﻣﺘﻜﺮرة.ﻧﺴﺘﺨﺪم زﻣﻦ اﻟﻤﻀﺎرع اﻟﺒﺴﯿﻂ ﻟﻠﺘﺤﺪث ﻋﻦ اﻷﺷﯿﺎء ﺑﺼﻔﺔ ﻋﺎﻣﺔ
.إﻟﻰ ﺷﺊ ﺣﻘﯿﻘﻰ
• The Present Simple is used to express habitual actions and facts.
.ﯾﺴﺘﺨﺪم اﻟﻤﻀﺎرع اﻟﺒﺴﯿﻂ ﻟﻠﺘﻌﺒﯿﺮ ﻋﻦ ﻋﺎدات وﺣﻘﺎﺋﻖ
• In the affirmative, the Present Simple has the same form as the infinitive but add
“s” or “es” for the third person singular.
( إﻟﻰ ﻧﮭﺎﯾﺘﮫ ﻣﻊes) ( أوs) اﻟﻤﻀﺎرع اﻟﺒﺴﯿﻂ ھﻮ ﻧﻔﺲ ﺷﻜﻞ اﻟﻔﻌﻞ ﻓﻰ اﻟﻤﺼﺪر ﻟﻜﻨﮫ ﯾﺘﻤﯿﺰ ﺑﺈﺿﺎﻓﺔ ﺣﺮف
(اﻟﻔﺎﻋﻞ اﻟﻤﻔﺮد اﻟﻐﺎﺋﺐ )إﺳﻢ أو ﺿﻤﯿﺮ
(E.g. A charter is the light that gives the project manager the authority to expend organizational
resources to achieve project objectives.)
(E.g. Control includes determining corrective or preventive actions or replanning and following up
on action plans to determine whether the actions taken resolved the performance issue)
(E.g. A refinement of brainstorming that allows individual participants time to consider the
question(s) individually before the group creativity session is held).
Exercise:
• There is an adaptation of the salience model that (substitute, substitutes)
proximity for legitimacy (applying to the team and measuring their level of
involvement with the work of the project)
• Any change to the project management plan (goes – go) through the
organization’s change control process via a change request.
• This (referred, refers) to a PMI project management framework.
Future simple tense (will + infinitive):
Future simple is used to express actions in the future or the speaker’s opinion about
the future.
.ﯾﺴﺘﺨﺪم زﻣﻦ اﻟﻤﺴﺘﻘﺒﻞ اﻟﺒﺴﯿﻂ ﻟﻠﺘﻌﺒﯿﺮ ﻋﻦ أﺣﺪاث ﺳﻮف ﺗﻘﻊ ﻓﻰ اﻟﻤﺴﺘﻘﺒﻞ أو ﻟﻠﺘﻌﺒﯿﺮ ﻋﻦ رأى اﻟﻤﺘﺤﺪث ﺑﺎﻟﻨﺴﺒﺔ ﻟﻠﻤﺴﺘﻘﺒﻞ
(E.g. Any change in a configuration element should be formally controlled and will require a
change request.)
Exercise:
Most changes (having - will have) some sort of impact on time, cost, resources, or
risks. (Will have).
Punctuation:
• Hyphen (-) ﻟﺮﺑﻂ ﻛﻠﻤﺘﯿﻦ ﻣﻌﺎ
إذا ﻟﻢ ﯾﺘﻢ وﺿﻌﮭﺎ ﻓﻘﺪ ﯾﺘﻐﯿﺮ اﻟﻤﻌﻨﻰ
(E.g. Face-to-face).
• Comma (,) ﺗﺴﺘﺨﺪم ﻟﻔﺼﻞ اﻟﺠﻤﻠﺔ اﻟﻮﺻﻔﯿﺔ واﻟﻌﺒﺎرات ﻋﻦ اﻟﺠﺰء اﻟﺮﺋﯿﺴﻰ ﻣﻦ اﻟﺠﻤﻞ
إذا ﻟﻢ ﯾﺘﻢ وﺿﻌﮭﺎ ﻓﺈﻧﻨﺎ ﻟﻦ ﻧﺴﺘﻄﯿﻊ ﻣﻌﺮﻓﺔ وﺻﻒ اﻟﺠﻤﻠﺔ اﻟﻮﺻﻔﯿﺔ
(E.g. Specific work performance metrics for scope, schedule, budget, and quality are
defined at the start of the project as part of the project management plan).
• Colon (:) ﻟﺘﻘﺪﯾﻢ ﻗﺎﺋﻤﺔ او اﻗﺘﺒﺎس ﻓﻰ اﻟﺠﻤﻠﺔ
إذا ﻟﻢ ﯾﺘﻢ وﺿﻌﮭﺎ ﻓﺈﻧﻨﺎ ﻟﻦ ﻧﻤﯿﺰ اﻟﻘﺎﺋﻤﺔ او اﻹﻗﺘﺒﺎس اﻟﻤﻮﺟﻮد ﻓﻰ اﻟﺠﻤﻠﺔ
(E.g. Organizational need: Internal projects that help an organization operate better).
• Comma (,) ﺗﺴﺘﺨﺪم ﻟﻔﺼﻞ اﻟﺠﻤﻠﺔ اﻟﻮﺻﻔﯿﺔ واﻟﻌﺒﺎرات ﻋﻦ اﻟﺠﺰء اﻟﺮﺋﯿﺴﻰ ﻣﻦ اﻟﺠﻤﻞ
إذا ﻟﻢ ﯾﺘﻢ وﺿﻌﮭﺎ ﻓﺈﻧﻨﺎ ﻟﻦ ﻧﺴﺘﻄﯿﻊ ﻣﻌﺮﻓﺔ وﺻﻒ اﻟﺠﻤﻠﺔ اﻟﻮﺻﻔﯿﺔ
(E.g. They can be reactive to a particular situation, or proactively planned, such as
developing a new medical device).
• Semi colon (;) ﻟﻔﺼﻞ ﺟﺰﺋﻰ اﻟﺠﻤﻠﺔ
إذا ﻟﻢ ﺗﻮﺿﻊ ﻓﺈن ﺟﺰﺋﻰ اﻟﺠﻤﻠﺔ ﺳﻮف ﯾﻌﺘﺒﺮوا ﺟﻤﻠﺔ واﺣﺪة وﻟﻦ ﻧﺴﺘﻄﯿﻊ ﻣﻌﺮﻓﺔ اﻷﺟﺰاء
(E.g. When it is the start of a new phase of the project; When there are changes to the
organization structure or within the industry; When new individuals or groups become
stakeholders, current stakeholders are no longer part of the stakeholder community, or the
importance of particular stakeholders to the project’s success changes; and When outputs
of other project process areas, such as change management, risk management, or issue
management, require a review of stakeholder engagement strategies).
