WRITING PARAGRAPH/ESSAY

Dạng 1: Argumentative ( Đồng ý hay không đồng ý ?)

 Cách làm: A.R.E.A.R rule
- A: answer directly
- R: reason
- E: example
- A: alternatives
- R: restate
 Openning: Over the past few years,...... Personally/Honestly, I
completely/totally agree/disagree with this issue/opinion/trend because of
the following/some/... reasons.
 Body:
- 1st: There are a number of reasons to explain why I agree/disagree
that...... . In the first place,..... because/due to/ for ex/ for instance/such
as/.....
- 2nd: Another reason I would like to mention/discuss is......... Explain....
- 3rd: In addition,...... Explain....
 Ending: To recap, I can come up with the conclusion that ........ . (Therefore
it is advisable that .......)
Dạng 2: Advantages/Disadvantages.
 Cách làm: giới thiệu vde này có cả lợi ích và bất lợi. Gthich lợi ích ->
gthic bất lợi. KL: kết luận lại, kd lại 2 mặt. Đưa ra lời khuyên.
 Openning: In the past few years,........ . This paragraph/essay will examine
both advantages and disadvantages(/pros and cons/ benefits and drawbacks/
good points& bad effects/ possitive&negative/ upsides&downsides/
merits&demerits) of the issue.
Op2: With the introduction of..... . Nowadays, more and more...... .
Therefore, some people think/believe that ...... . In this paragraph/essay, I am
going to discuss the advantages and disadvanteges of .....
 Body:
- On the one hand, it is undeniable that ...... has a number of advantages.
First,..... Explain... . Second,..... . Explain. In short,... useful/ important
part/...
 - On the other hand, it is clear/obvious that ...... has various/ plenty of
disadvantages. First,..... Explain... . Second,..... . Explain. In brief,...
drawbacks/...
 Ending: In conclusion/ To recap/... I could come up with the conclusion
that..... has both pros and cons. However, I think the advantages of.....
outweights its disadvantages. Therefore, I would like..../ I believe that
people ought to...... to help/ to enhance/ to provide/ to improve/....
Dạng 3: Causes/ effects/problems/ solutions
 Cách làm: Đi thẳng vào vde.
 Openning: In modern sociaty,.........is world widely becoming great
concern/ general statement. Causes/Effects/Solutions.
 Body: 3 ideas. Explain. Example.
 Ending: To recap/ To sum up/....... essential/ critical/ crucial/
vital/significant...... Therefore, I think/believe/suggest.....
Dạng 4: Discuss both views ( thảo luận 2 quan điểm)
 CÁch làm: Gthieu chủ đề đề cập đến 2 qdiem, lead vào bài. Lý do vì sao
QD 1 dc ủng hộ ( dẫn chứng, lợi ích, example). Lý do vì sao QD 2 dc ủng
hộ ( dẫn chứng, lợi ích, example) (có đưa ra ý kiến so sánh vs QD 1). Ý
kiến cá nhân(ủng hộ cái nào). KL: nhắc lại 2 QD, chốt cái nào tốt hơn.
 Openning: Over the past few years, ..... has become increasingly popular.
Some people believe that + QD1 while others argue that + QD2. From my
point of view/ Personally/ From my experience, I am going to discuss both
views and give my own opinion.
 Body:
- On the one hand, there are some reasons why some people believe that +
QD1. To begin with/ To initiate with + li do 1. Explain. The second
reason is that + LD 2. ( 3 neu co). In short, people are in favour of....
since it .....
- On the other hand, there are also several reasons to explain why some
people agree that + QD2. In the first place + LD1, explain. Another
crucial reasons is that + LD2, explain. ( 3 neu co). In brief, it is
undeniable that + QD2 has a number of good points. It is widely accepted
that QD1/QD2 is more appropriate than QD2/QD1.
 Ending: To summary/ In conclusion, it is a fact that the mentioned issue has
created a dilemma and still remains a controversial issue. Though I could
come up with the conclusion both views are reasonable because of their own
merits, I am more in favour of the first/second viewpoint due to its
significant benefits.
LESS COMMON WORDS

Topic

TRAVEL 1. Duty- free shop: cửa hàng miễn

thuế
2. Airport shuttle: xe đưa đón trong
sân bay
3. Departure lounge: phòng chờ
4. First-class seat: ghế hạng nhất
5. Go trekking: đi phượt
6. Recreational area/activities: khu
vui chơi/ Hd vui chơi.

1. Eye-catching: bắt mắt

2. Tasty= delicious
3. Local cuisine: ẩm thực địa phg
4. Unique flavour: hương vị đặc
trưng
5. Starter: khai vị
FOOD 6. Main course: món chính
7. Dessert: tráng miệng
8. Go on a diet/to keep in shape/ to
keep fit
9. Organic food: thực phẩm hữu cơ
10. Provide a lot of nutrition: nhiều
chất dinh dưỡng

1. Stunning spectacular view: canh

tuyet dep
2. Can’t take one’s eyes off st: k the
doi mat
PLACES
3. Cosmopolitan: da van hoa
4. Metropolitan: do thi, dong duc
5. Hectic = busy
6. Pristine/unspoilt: nguyen so
 1. Be passionate about Ving
2. Be of one’s top priority: uu tien
Likes&Dislike
hang dau
3. ......
PEOPLE&RELATIONSHI 1. Individual:
P 2. Citizen:
3. Inhabitant: cu dan
4. Local people:
*appearance:
1. have medium height
2.
3.
4.
5.
*Personality
1. Optimistic >< Pessimistic
2. Extrovert >< Introvert
3. Open-minded
4. Quick – minded
5. Absent – minded
6. sociable: hoa dong
7. enthusiastic: nhiet tinh
8. kind/warm-hearted
9. experienced/skilled/skillful
10. be responsible for st = have a good
sense of responsibility
11. have a good sense of humour =
Humourous
*Relationship:
1. have a good relationship with = get on
well with
2. best friend/ close friend
3. soul mate:
4. have a lot in common
5. Spoil/destroy a relationship/friendship
6. strengthen a relationship
7. be by my side: ben canh toi
8. help me through the ups and downs: o
ben toi nhung luc vui lan luc buon
 *Feeling
1. over the moon: vui suong
2. fill with anger = see red : tuc gian
3. cloud nine: phan khich cuc do
4. down in the dumps = upset
5. break the ice: pha vo kk tram
lang/cang thang
6. cold feet: qua lo lang
7. hit the nail on the head: nois chinh
xac, ro rang
8. Skating on thin ice = dangerous

*Beverage: do uong ns chung

1. Alcohol ( beer, wine)
2. Fruit juice: ...
3. Milkshake; suu lac
4. milk tea
DRINKS
5. Sparkling water: nc khoang co ga
6. mineral water
7. Fizzy drink (coca, pepsi)
8. smoothie: sinh to
9. iced tea
*Benefits
1. keep in shape/keep fit/stay healthy
2. burn calories and build muscle:
3. maintain a healthy weight:
4. have the chance to challenge
SPORTS&EXECISES
themselves:
5. push themselves to their limits:
6. have a good physical and mental
health:
7. increase life-expectancy: tang tuoi tho
TECHNOLOGY 1. Technological advances
Technological developments
2. Social networking site: mang xh
3. Have access to online resources:
4. Computer age:
5. Technological devices and
applications: nhung thiet bi va ung
dung cong nghe
 *Activities
1. chat with friend through the social
network
2. have virtual tours
3. have virtual friends
4. do online trading/shopping
*Benefits
1. convenient
- allow remote working/hold online
meetings = virtual meetings/ video
conferencing
- lots of modern software: do multiple
tasks all at the same time
=> increase employee productivity
- a form of communication: help people
keep in touch/contact with
- keep myself updated: tu cap nhat
- provide alternatives for education: help
people learn online more easily
*Drawbacks
1. cause computer fatigue/tiredness
2. cause social isolation: co lap xh
3. cause distraction = make people
distracted
4. negatively/ adversely affect our
physical & mental health
5. lead sedentary lifestyle: loi song it
vdong/ ngoi 1 cho

*cụm từ liên kết ít phổ biến:

1. because/ due to the fact that/ since/ as + clause
2. because of/ due to / on account of + N/NP/ Ving
3. So/ therefore/ as a result/ as a consequence/
consequently + clause
4. First/ to begin with/ the first thing I ‘d like to mention
is that....
5. Second/Third..../ moreover/ furthermore/ in addition/
another thing is/ another thing I’d like to mention is/
besides/ additionally/...
6. For example/ for instance/ such as/ like/ in fact/
7. However/ in contrast/ on the contrary/ on the one hand/
on the other hand/..
8. in conclusion/ to sum up/ to recap/ in summary/ all
things considered/ all in all
9. In short/ In brief
10. When it comes to + N ...= about + N
11. Generally/ to be frank( frankly)/ to be
honest( honestly)
Topic 1: Computers are becoming more and more
popular in recent years. Some people believe that
computers are more harmful than beneficial.
Discuss your opinions (180 words)
Topic 2: Nowadays more and more people are using
public transport. Some people think that it is good.
However, others argue that public transport also
has many drawbacks. Do the advantages of public
transport outweigh the disadvantages ? (180
words)
Topic 3: Discuss positive and negative impacts of
using computer games on children and suggest
some measures. (180 words)
Topic 4: Some people prefer to live in small family
units( nuclear families), while others think it is
better to live in large family groups(extended
families). Discuss both views and give your opinion.
(200 words)