VENT SR.

SE
ON C.S
C CH
EL
M

OO
R
CA

L
CHEMISTRY
ELECTROCHEMICAL CELL

CLASS: 12th ‘A’

Submitted to: Submitted by:

Mrs. Archana Dantare Anannya Sharma

SCHOOL ROLL NO: BOARD ROLL NO:

SESSION 2024-2025
 2024-2025

CHEMISTRY
ELECTROCHEMICAL CELL

BY ANANNYA SHARMA
S. NO.
INDEX CONTENTS PAGE NO.

1. Acknowledgement

2. Certificate

3. Mind Map

4. Introduction

5. Structure of electrochemical cell

6. Electrochemical cell

7. Standard free energy

8. Salt bridge

10. Factors affecting the cell

11. Conclusion

12. Bibliography
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
No creation in this world is solo effort. Neither this project. I would like to
express my profound gratitude to Mrs. Archana Dantare , my chemistry teacher
of Carmel Convent Sr. Sec. School for her contribution to completion of this
project.

My sincere thanks to our principal Rev. Sr. Ramya Vacco who has so kindly
encouraged the students to improve and wisely find the solution to the
problem.

I would like to express my special thanks to my friend and parents for helping
me by giving their time and efforts.
this project is submitted as a part of Practical Examination included in the
school annual exam. I would even like to thank CBSE for providing such an
interesting opportunity.

WITH THANKS,
ANANNYA SHARMA
12th ‘A’
 RTIFICAT
CE E OF COMPLETION

this is to certify that

Anannya sharma
has successfully completed the project titled
ELECTROCHEMICAL CELL. The project is completed
under the guidance of Mrs. Archana Dantare Ma’am.

authorised signature
MIND
MAP
INTRODUCTION
1

2 STRUCTURE

ELECTROCHEMICAL 3
CELL

4 STANDARD
FREE ENERGY

SALT BRIDGE 5

FACTORS
6 AFFECTING THE
CELL
 INTRODUCTION
This project is based on electrochemical cell and how it works.
An electrochemical cell is a device that can generate electrical energy
from the chemical reactions occuring in it, or use the electrical energy
supplied to it to facilitate chemical reactions in it.

OCHEMICA
TR L C
C
E

EL
EL

L
1. These devices are capable of converting chemical energy into electrical
energy or vice versa.
2. A common example of an electrochemical cell is a standard 1.5- volt cell
which is used to power many electrical appliances such as TV, remotes
and clocks.
 STRUCTURE OF
ELECTROCHEMICAL CELL
electrons

salt bridge
zinc ions sulphate ions

zinc electrode copper electrode

zinc sulphate
copper sulphate

Metal and its salt solution

Salt Bridge Two electrodes

Two beakers Ions of the respective

salt solutions
 ELECTROCHEMICAL CELL
Whenever a redox reaction is allowed to take place directly in a single beaker, it
is found that the solution becomes hot. For example, when zinc is placed in a
copper solution, the solution is found to be warmer as the reaction proceeds
according to the equation.

Zn(s) + CuSO4(aq) —- ZnSO4(aq) + Cu(s)

Similar results are observed when a rod of copper is placed in silver solution.
The reaction taking place as follows:

Cu(s) + 2AgNO3(aq) —– Cu(NO3)2(aq) + 2Ag(s)

Thus, we conclude that whenever a redox takes place directly in a single in a

single beaker, chemical energy in the form of heat is produced. By suitable
means it is possible to bring out the redox reaction indirectly so as to convert
the chemical energy into the electrical energy.
 REPRESENTATION:
An electrochemical cell is represented in a manner an illustrated below:

Zn | Zn2+ || Cu2+ | Cu

I.e. by convention, the electrode on which oxidation takes place is written on the left-hand
side and the other electrode on which reduction takes place is written on the right-hand
side.

The electrode of the left-hand side is written by writing the symbol of the metal first
followed by the symbol of the ion with its concentration in brackets.

The electrode on the right-hand side is written by first writing the ion along with its
concentration in brackets followed by the symbol of the metal.

FEATURES:
Since electrons are produced at the zinc electrodes, this electrode is rich in electrons,
which pushes the electrons into the external circuit and hence it is designated as the
negative pole.

The other electrode, i.e. the copper electrode is in the need of electrons for the
reduction of Cu2+ ions into the Cu.

The electrons flow from the negative pole to the positive pole in the external circuit.
However, conventionally, this current is set to flow in the opposite direction.

The oxidation of Zn into ions produces excess of Zn2+ ions in the left beaker. This
creates an unbalanced positive charge in the solution. To maintain electrical neutrality
of the solution in the two beakers, the cations and anions move through the salt bridge

As copper from copper sulphate solution is deposited on the copper electrode and
sulphate ions migrate to the other side, the concentration of the copper sulphate
solution decreases. As the cell operates consequently, the current falls.

Evidently, the weight of the copper rod will increase while that of zinc rod will decrease
as the cell works.
 1. It is u-shaped tube
consist of inert electrode
like kno3, k2so4 with
gelatinous substance.

2. It is used to complete
5. Nature of junction is the electrical circuit by
opposite to EMF of cell. allowing the ions to move
without mixing.

SALT
BRIDGE

4. it is used to maintain 3. It does not disturb

electrical neutrality. redox reaction.
 S T A N D A R D E . M . F . O F C E L L

An electrochemical cell is based on reaction which can be split into the two half reactions:

Oxidation half reaction

Reduction half reaction

Standard EMF of the cell: Where,

Ecell = Electrode Potential of the cell

Ecathode = Electrode Potential of the oxidation half reaction

Eanode= Electrode Potential of the oxidation half reaction

According to Nernst Equation, the relation between concentration of electrode and the standard
electrode potential can be given as:

Ecel = Ecathode – Eanode

E = EO – 0.059/n Log [M]/[Mn+]

Where,

E = Electrode Potential at non-standard conditions

EO = Electrode potential at standard conditions

n = Number of electrons transferred in the equation

[M] = concentration of the metal

[Mn+] = concentration of metal ion

 factors affecting EMF of
the cell-

1. AT 298K , 1 Bar Pressure, 1 Molar

Concentration

2. The nature of the reactants

3. Concentration o the solution in the two

half cell.

4. Tempreature

5. Pressure of the Gases

BIBLIOGRAPHY

01 wikipedia.com

02 www.YouTube.com

03 Google search engine

04 NCERT

05 byju’s.com