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Safety: Is freedom from unacceptable risk of harm.

1) HSE plan It is a systematic procedure which is describes how to carry out a work in a safe
way by protecting health, safety and environment.
Hse plan Contents
1. Project Title, Index, Introduction, Scope of work
2. Organization Chart
3. Rules and Responsibilities
4. Leadership and Commitment (Elements of HSE Plan)
5. HSE policy and Strategic Objectives
6. Organization Resources and Competence
7. Risk Evaluation and Management
8. Planning Standard and procedures
9. Implementation and Monitoring
10. Audit and Management Review
What is the base of HSE Plan?
HSEMS (Health, Safety and Environment Management System)
Important Elements for HSEMS
Leadership and Commitment, Risk Evaluation and Management
HSE Policy
It is the overall view of the organization towards Hse, it is a legal requirement, it is top management
Commitment and should be signed by the most senior person of the organization.
HSE policy in two words: Zero Accident, No Harm
2) PTW: A formal written document which is used to control certain types of Works/Activities which are
Potentially hazardous.

As per new WMS System in ADNOC there are 3 types of permits

1. Hot work permit: Welding, Cutting, Grinding, Mechanical Excavation etc.

2. General Work Permit: Scaffolding, Manual Excavation less than 1.2 meter etc.
3. Critical Work permit: Radiography, Diving, Critical Scaffold Erection, Critical lift, Grit Blasting,
Spray/automatic painting in Confined Space etc.
Work permits important details: It is a form, which is signed by higher responsible people to carry out
the specific job it clearly states:
1. What is to be done
2. Where is to be done
3. When to be done
4. What safety precautions to be taken
What is Grinding: The process of cutting something to convert it into small particles or powder through
crushing. Or we can say the reduction of something into small particles by crushing it is called Grinding.
Its hazards include flying particles, wheel bursting, electric shock, cloth caught etc.
Activities of a pipeline project:
1. Transportation of pipelines
2. Right of way (ROW) in sandy area
3. Stringing, Bending, Cutting, Grinding, Welding
4. Field joint coating
5. Nondestructive test (NDT)
6. Pre padding and post padding
7. Hydrotesting
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8. Decommissioning and de oiling of existing line

9. Restoration
Gas Testing:
Reasons for Testing:
• Toxic Environment
• Oxygen Deficiency OR Oxygen Enrichment
• Flammable gases in the work area.
4 What are Criteria of H2S?

Highly Toxic, Colorless, Invisible, poisonous, pyrophoric, Salable in water and in Oil, Corrosive, Heavier
than air (1.89), Flammable, on low Concentration smell like rotten eggs (1ppm),2nd Biggest killer after
Corban Monoxide, Attack the nervous system, If H2S burns or flared it forms Sulphur Dioxide (SO2) Gas
which is also colorless and highly toxic gas.
H2S is produced or generated by decomposition of organic materials and is accumulated in low areas
such as well cellars, Open drains, Ditches and Excavation. Other names of H2S are Stink Damp,
Manure Gas, Swamp Gas, Sulphurated Hydrogen, Sour Gas, Rotten Egg Gas and Sulphur Hydride.
Devices that identify H2S at Site: Fixed detector, Personal monitor, Multi Gas detector, Wireless
detector, H2S Monitor
Emergency Response or Action needed if H2S detected
1. Stop the activity what you are doing
2. Shut off the equipment if possible
3. Hold the breath, Wear the EEBA if available and then watch the wind direction
4. Go cross wind direction until your H2s stop alarming
5. Then go upwind direction to the nearest assembly point and stand there in queue
6. Check the roll call and do the head count
7. Don’t move from assembly point until all clear signal is given
Important Note: NEVER attempt a rescue in an area that may contain H2S without using appropriate
respiratory protection and without being trained to perform such a rescue.
Control measure for H2S

1. TPC Training level 2 H2S

2. Safety induction training to be given to all new employees
3. PGM
4. Pre job planning
5. Personal escape set
6. Continuous gas monitoring
7. Clean shave, Buddy system
8. Location of Assembly point
9. Emergency vehicle
10. Emergency numbers displayed
11. Know at least 2 escapes Routes
12. Emergency Equipment EEBA, SCABA, First Aid Kit etc.
13. Wind socks
14. PTW, TRA, MS
<1ppm: (Odor of rotten egg can be clearly detected)
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10PPM: (TWA, OEL, TLV) (8hrs work for 5 days without the use of Respiratory protection system)
15ppm: (STEL, TLV) 15 Minutes Work and 2 hours rest and this cycle 4 time by SCBA OR Air lined
breathing apparatus.
20ppm: (This is called Ceiling Value and Should not be approach without wearing EEBA)
100PPM: (IDLH, Work not permitted but only allowed for rescue purpose, wearing EEBA by Competent
trained person)
Lower Exposure Limit (LEL) is 4.3 % (43000ppm)
Upper Exposure Limit (UEL) is 46% (460000ppm)
Auto ignition Temperature is 500 F (260 C)
Note:10ppm is Recognized as Evacuation level
Carbon Monoxide CO: LEL: 12.5% UEL: 74.2%
TLV and TWA For Corban Monoxide =25ppm
STEL = 50 PPM
IDLH = 1200 PPM
1ppm=1mm in 1 kilometer
1%H2S=10000PPm
Below Result Need to show in test B4 entering into H2S area for starting any work in
1. H2S less than 10 ppm
2. Hydrocarbon LEL Less than 5%
3. Oxygen 19.5% to 23.5%
4. Corban Monoxide CO PEL <35 PPM
5: HSE induction/Orientation
A safety induction is conducted to welcome new employees to the company and prepare them for their
new role. It ensures workers are fully informed about the organization and are aware of their work and
responsibilities. It serves as a Starting point for an organization to introduce a culture of safety in the
workplace.
1. Welcome and introduce yourself
2. Short introduction about project
3. HSE Policy
4. Individual Responsibilities
5. Site map or site plan
6. Emergency preparedness (Mock drill plan, Evacuation plan and Assembly point)
7. First aid facilities and Fire Fighting Arrangements
8. Ambulance, Medical Clinic
9. Emergency Contact Numbers
10. Welfare Facilities
11. Rules and Responsibilities
12. PTW system on the site
13. Work Related Procedure and PPEs Compliance
6: Road Safety:
1. All drivers should attend ADCO Training for Safe Driving
2. Daily checking before driving
3. Speed limit and NO over speeding
4. No mobile usage while driving
5. Wear seatbelt, Tire Condition and correct air pressure
6. No smoking in the vehicle
7. Flag pole and Rollover protection bar with screen
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8. First aid kit and Desert kit

9. ADCO inspection sticker for all vehicle
10. IVMS-in-Vehicle Monitoring System-GPS to track and monitor the vehicle activity (location,
driving speed, seatbelt, struck, door open, when 4-wheel gear not applied at off road)
11. Journey Management Plan (Summer 8:00pm winter 7:00pm no driving without journey
Management Plan)
Speed limit:
1. Asphalt Road 100 Km/h
2. Part 80 km/h
3. Slope and turning 40 km/h
4. Gatch Road 40 km/h
5. Sand 20-30 km/h
RAG Report:
1. Red: Reject/Unsafe
2. Amber: Average-Need more training
3. Green: Good Behavior
JMS: Journey Management Plan 3 Factors:
1. Driver
2. Vehicle
3. Road
Maximum Driving Time Between Breaks:
1. Light Vehicle 2 hours
2. Heavy Vehicle 4 hours
Minimum break time 15 mins
Medical:
1. ＜up to 40 age,3years validity
2. 40-50 age, 2years validity
3. ≥above 50 age, 1year validity
What's Fog level: 100 meters
Tire Changing
1. Manufacturer’s recommendations
2. Maximum 02 years even in good condition (ADNOC)
3. Kilometers as recommended. (40000 ADNOC)
4. If less than 22 mm gap in tire grip
6) HSE Inspection or Site Inspection:
A HSE inspection is an inspection Carried out by the Hse individual in order to prevent death, injury or ill
health within the workplace and prevent property from damage.
1. Personal Protective Equipment (PPEs)
2. Substances or materials used
3. Traffic Routes
4. Work Equipment
5. Electricity
6. Housekeeping
7. First Aid Facilities
8. Welfare Facilities
9. Hand and Power Tools
10. Building, Machinery and Grounds installations
11. Property installation
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12. Fire precautions

List of ADNOC LSR and why it has been made
• Have been created to keep our people safe.
• Help prevent injuries in the future.
• They are an indicator of high-risk activities.
LSR:
1. Work Authorization
2. Safe Mechanical Lifting
3. Confined Space
4. Toxic Gas
5. Energy Isolation
6. Driving
7. Bypassing Safety Controls
8. Line of Fire
9. Working at Height
10.Hot Work
7: Sub-Contractor Management
1. Contractor’s previous Experience with the type of work to be carried out;
2. Membership of a trade Organization
3. Reputation amongst previous or current clients.
4 The Content and Quality of the Hse policy.
6. Consultation and monitoring with the workforce;
7. The Competence of HSE Trainer and training given to employees
6. Contractor Resources and the condition of equipment to be used on site.
7. Procedures for the selection and Control of Sub-contractors;
8. Accident Record and any action taken by the Enforcing Authorities.
9. Access to Competent Advice on HSE matters.
10. Method statements, Risk Assessment & Safe systems of work for the work to be carried out.
Type of Lifting:
There are generally Two types of lifting,
1. Routine Lifting
2. Non-Routine Lifting
Normal Lifting (Up to 10 ton), Heavy Lifting (From 10 to 25 ton), Critical Lifting (More than 25 ton), Blind
Lifting, Tail Lifting, Tandem Lifting
Critical lifting
1. When lifting load is more than 25T.
2. When load is lifting by more than one Crane (Tandem lifting).
3. When load is lifting across an operating facility.
4. Exceeds 75% of the rated capacity of the crane.
5. Lifting of personals.
6. Lifting of fragile items like glasses etc.
7. Lifting above SWL.
8. Lifting while the Center of Gravity is unknown
9. Lifting of load where load is invisible
10. Lifting and moving with load (Crawling Crane)
11. Lifting crossing the energized building or Residential area
12. Lifting activity going on at night time.
13. Lifting of submerged load.
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14. Doing lifting within 6 meter (20 feet) of hydrocarbon or pressurized line.
How we could know that crane can lift that much load
Ans: By Checking Load Chart
Working Radius
It is the maximum distance where the Crane boom has to reach for lifting or lowering the load.
SWL
Safe Working Load is the maximum load that can be applied to the lifting tools safely.
Scaffolding Definition
Scaffolding is a temporary structure used to support works crews and materials at height to prevent them
from falling. It is a safe working platform.
Scaffolding Hazards: Falls from elevation, Struck-by, Scaffold Collapsing, Overhead Power lines, Uneven
Ground, Nearby Structure, Lack of fall protection system, Unsafe Access, Bad Flanking, Overloading of
the scaffold platform, erect by incompetent person, Weak Foundation, Missing of any scaffold part or
parts
Types of Scaffolding: Categorized into three
1. By Weight
2. By Structure
3. By Design
By weight: Very light duty Scaffold (less than 150kg/m2), Light Duty Scaffold (150kg/m2), Medium duty
(200kg/m2), Heavy Duty Scaffold (250kg/m2), Special Purpose Scaffold (As per Design)
By structure
Single Scaffold, Trestle Scaffold, Cantilever Scaffold, Patented Scaffold, Independent Scaffold, Mobile
Scaffold, Tower Scaffold, System Scaffold, Slung Scaffold, Bird Cage Scaffolding

By Design:

1. Non-Engineering Scaffold: Less than 37 meters

2. Engineering Scaffold: More than 38 meter

Tag: A tag system is put on scaffolding, by a competent person, indicating the present condition whether
it can be used and whether fall protection needed or not.
Scaffold Tag Details: Date erected, Date Inspected, Maximum Load Capacity, Type of Scaffold, Location,
Inspector name and signature, Supervisor Signature
Scaffold Tag:
1. Red Scaff Tag: Unsafe and only Certified Scaffolder can use for rectifying & dismantling purpose.
2. Yellow Scaff Tag: Scaffold is under inspection and should not be used by anybody except
certified scaffolder can do modification work on it.
3. Green Scaff Tag: Scaffold is complete and safe to use
How to calculate Scaffold SWL:
Formula = Dead load + (4 x Live Load)
Dead Load = Weight of Scaffold Component + Working platform
= 250 KG + 100 KG = 350 KG
Live Load = Weight of Workers + Materials + Tools
= 2 Workers, one worker weight is 75 Kg while 2nd worker weight is 70 KG
Total weight of workers:75 + 70 = 145 KG
Materials Weight: 2500 KG
Tools Weight: 50 Kg
Live Load: Workers Weight + Materials weight + Tools weight
145 + 2500 + 50 = 2695 Kg (Live Load)
Formula = Dead Load + (4x live load)
= 350 +(4x2695)
= 350 + 10780
Scaffold SWL in KG = 11130KG
Scaffold SWL in Ton 11130/1000 = 11.13 Ton
In which conditions Scaffold cannot be erected?
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1. Extreme weather (Thunder storm, rain, strong winds, adverse or bad weather)
2. Ground condition not stable
3. Certified scaffolder not available
4. No permit available
5. Defective Scaffold equipment
6. Electrical lines are in close proximity
Guard Rail System: A barrier consisting of top rail, mid rail, toe board and vertical up-right to prevent fall
of personals and materials from the scaffold platform
Toe Board: Barrier secured along the sides and end of platform to guard against falling of materials, tools
and other objects. Minimum height of Toe board should be 4 inches
Types of materials to be placed on scaffold:
All materials used for construction activities along with tools can be placed on the scaffolding platform
after assuring the load bearing capacity of scaffolding.
Q: In your site, there is welding activity, lifting activity and excavation activity, Which activity will be your
priority to attend?
Ans: Excavation activity because excavation activity is doing by incompetent person while welding and
lifting activities are done by competent persons.
Key Points
Top Rail Height from platform 38-45 inches
Minimum width for a walkway is 18 inches
Ladder color: Ladder should not be painted with any color
Fall protection system should be used when height is 1.8meter or more
Size of Sole plate 300x300x6mm
Size of Base plate 150x150x6mm
Distance or Gap between two planks 50mm
Distance from Gen Wheel to platform should be 750mm
Minimum overlapping of 2 adjacent planks in scaffold platform should not less than 12 inches
Scaffold Hazard:

1. Bad Planking
2. Falling from Height, fall of tools and falling object
3. Loose soil
4. Nearby structure
5. Overhead power lines
6. Scaffold near the excavation
7. Improper access
8. Defective Scaffold parts
9. Slip trip and fall
10. Pinch point/ Sharp Edges
11. Opening without guardrails
12. Blocking emergency access and walkway
13. Erection of scaffold during adverse weather

Two types of Safety net: Men Safety Net, Materials Safety Net

Scaffolding parts or Components

1. Standard
2. Ledger
3. Transom
4. Ladder
5. Toe Board (150 Cm Height)
6. Mid Rail (40 Cm to 45 Cm)
7. Top Rail (90 CM to 1 M)
8. Sleeve Coupler
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9. Putlog Coupler
10. Platform
11. Base Plate
12. Scaffold Tube
13. Diagonal Brace
14. Outrigger
15. Kicker lift
16. Bay Length (Distance from one force to another Force)
17. S, Planks (Board) (225mm and Thickness 37 mm)
18. Bay
19. Brick Guard
20. Reveal Tube, Reveal pin, Joint pin
21. False Upright
22. Self-closing Drop Bar

Types of Bracing: Cross Bracing, Knee Bracing, Sway Bracing, Plan Bracing

Fall Protection System: Safety belt, Safety harness, lifeline, Safety net, Guard rail system

Scaffold Couplers or Scaffold Fitting BS1139 European Standard

1. Putlog Coupler, Sleeve Coupler, Swivel Coupler, Single Coupler, Girder Coupler, Right
Angle Coupler, Spigot Coupler, Parallel Coupler, Universal Coupler, Brace Coupler
Difference between Rigging and Lifting
➢ Rigging: Attaching and de-attaching such as D Shackle, belts etc.
➢ Lifting: shifting loads from one place to another place by use of crane

EEBA: For Evacuation Purpose (15 Minutes of Duration)

SCBA: For Rescue Operation and Confined Space work Purpose (30 Minutes of Duration)

SCUBA: Self-Contained Underwater Breathing Apparatus

CABA: Continuous Airline Breathing Apparatus

Confined Space

Any enclosed area which has limited access and egress and has oxygen deficiency or enrichment and
has not been designed for continuous human occupancy like Tanks, Manholes, Vessels, Silos, Pump
Station, pipeline, sewers, Boilers, Duct works, Sludge pits, Trench and Excavation deeper than 4 meters
or 15 feet.

Confined Space Hazards

1. Presence of Toxic/Flammable Gases

2. Fire and Explosion
3. Poor Ventilation
4. Oxygen Deficiency
5. Oxygen Enrichment
6. Improper Access and Egress
7. Claustrophobia
8. Suffocation
9. Extreme Temperatures
10. Poor Illumination
11. Chemical Hazards
12. Caught in Between Moving parts of the machinery
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13. Electrocution
14. Dust, Noise, Heat
15. Engulfment

Confined Space Controls Measures

1. Pre job Planning

2. PTW, Method Statement, TRA, JSA
3. Gas Testing
4. Personal Monitor (H2S Monitor)
5. Only Trained persons
6. Proper Ventilations
7. No Gas Cylinder inside Confined Space
8. Hole Watcher with log sheet
9. Confined Space Training
10.Proper Communication
11.Proper Access and Egress
12.Proper illumination 24V lights
13.Standby Rescue Team
14.Emergency Rescue plan
15.Emergency Rescue Equipment’s Stretcher, Harness, Crane, Tri-pod, SCABA, First Aid
Kit, Fire Fighting Equipment
Hazardous Jobs in Confined Space
Welding, Grinding, Gas Cutting, Chemical Cleaning, Erection of materials
Note:1.2-meter-deep Excavation is Confined Space as per OSHA
ADNOC Rules for Confined Space: Excavation become Confined Space if its depth increases more than
2 meter or width/depth is equal to less than 2 meters
Who Certified Living camp?
Civil Defense, Abu Dhabi Municipality
Hydrostatic Test

A hydrostatic test is a way in which pressure vessels such as pipelines, plumbing, Gas Cylinders, boilers
and fuel tanks can be tested for strength and leaks.

Hydro Test Hazard:

1. Breaking or failure of line, Gasket, Flanges and Gauges
2. Air entrapment inside the pipe
3. Usage of an Engine operated pump
4. Non-Calibrated Pressure Gauges, PSV Failure, Unauthorized entry
5. Crew Incompetency, Lack of Supervision, Improper barricading and sign boards
6. Pipe blasts, Pressure exceeded, Poor quality of pipes

Controls Measure for Hydro Testing

1. PTW, Proper Barricading and Warning Signs to prevent unauthorized entry

2. Calibrated pressure gauges and pressure safety valve should be used
3. Rating of Fitting, Pressure Gauges, Vent Valves, Gasket shall be suitable for pressure test
4. Welding by certified welders and they must be approved by QA/QC
5. Pressure will be raised gradually to allow time for pipes to strain & personals to check for
leakage
6. Two pressure gauges one at lowest point and the other at the highest point
7. Hydro testing crew should not stand in the direction of blind flanges
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8. All hoses, piping, gaskets and connectors shall be adequate rating to withstand pressure
9. Whip lash arrester shall be provided at hose connection
10. Proper Access and Egress, Safe Distance
11. Close Supervision, Risk Assessment, Presence of Supervisor
12. Only Competent Persons and essential personals will be allowed in that location
13. Install gauges in safe distance to easily visible to operator

Difference between HSE PLAN and Hse Manual

HSE plan is job or project specific while HSE manual is generic.

HSE manual describes the overview of any organizations towards health safety & environment e.g., how
serious is the company towards HSE.

Q. WORK PERMIT: In ADNOC which comes first to check in permit? • Hazards and Control measures

Q. Which Attachment Required in PTW? Document/Drawing, Procedure checklist (if tick by AA),
Approved TRA, Approved MS

JP documents: STARRT Card, PTW/ Certificates, TRA, Method statements, Drawing, Miscellaneous
Documents

Q. Why using all Permit Certificates in ADNOC? Explain each? Showing Hazards and Controls

Q. GAS TESTING: Reason for Testing:

• Toxic Environment
• Oxygen Deficiency or Oxygen Enrichment
• Flammable Gases in the work area.
The Degree of Adverse Response to Exposure Depends of 4 factors: DFIS

1. Duration (of Exposure): The length of time individual is exposed

2. Frequency (of Exposure): How often has the individual been exposed within a working day

3. Intensity: How much doses the individual is exposed to within a working day

4. Susceptibility: The individual physiological made of.

ADNOC STANDARD SIREN TEST:

1. Fire: Long modulated sound for 2 minutes.

2. Gas: Short modulated sound for 3 minutes.

3. All clear: Continuous sound.

HAZARDOUS AREA:

• A hazardous area is the zone in which a flammable atmosphere may be present during normal
operation or under abnormal or fault condition.

Zones Classifications

*Zone O*
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A zone in which a flammable atmosphere is continuously present or present for a long time.
*Zone 1*
A zone in which a flammable atmosphere is likely to occur in normal operation. It may exist
because of *Repair*, *Maintenance operation* or *leakage*.
*Zone 2*
A zone in which a flammable atmosphere is likely to occur only under abnormal operating
conditions.
Hira Risk Assessment? • HIRA is a process that consists of a number of sequential steps such as hazard
identification, Consequence & Frequency Assessment, Risk estimation based on the existing controls
and recommendations to reduce those risks which are not under acceptable limits.
Hierarchy of Controls: It is a prepared series of measures/elements to control the risks. These measures
should be considered orderly from elimination and end up with PPEs.
ERICPD
1. Elimination of Hazard
2. Reduce the Risk
3. Isolate people from hazard
4. Control the extent of exposure
5. PPEs
6. Discipline
Elimination, Reduction, Isolation, Engineering Controls, Administrative Controls and PPEs
How do you implement HSEMS?
With effective Leadership and Commitment through line management
Which is the main Constituent of LPG?
• The main constituent of LPG is butane.
What is the percentage of propane and butane in LPG?
• Generally, LPG is said to have 40% propane and 60% butane
How to Investigate the Accident?
Position Evidence, People Evidence, Part Evidence, Paper Evidence
What is a Tie in point?
A Tie-in Point is the point where the new piping connects to the existing pipe. So, we need to cut the Pipe
and Weld a new Pipe.
1. Pre job Planning
2. PTW, TRA (HRA), MS
3. Approved drawing
4. Competent workers
5. I/A shall be present
6. Shut Down the line /Isolation
7. Venting
8. Cold cutting, Fit Up
10. Mud plug (Powdered Bentonite)
11. Welding
12. NDT and NDT Result
13. Hydrotest
14. Touch-up and painting
15. Stand by vehicle
16. Continuous gas monitoring
17. First aider shall be available
18. proper House keeping
19. Handover to operation team/Company and Close the Permit.
What does Cold Cutting mean? Cold Cutting is a procedure used to cut through a material without
using heat or a flame, and without producing sparks. Or Joint a piece of metal to another without
the use of heat.
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HAZARDS:
1. Remain Hydrocarbon inside line
2. Flying particles
3. Pneumatic pressure
RISKs:
1. Personnel injury
2. Fire / Explosion
3. Property damage
Precautions:
1. PTW, TRA(HRA), MS
2. Competent workers
3. Closing the line
4. Isolation
5. Only Cold Cutting
6. Continuous gas monitoring
7. First aider shall be available
8. Stand by vehicle
9. Mudd plug shall be used during welding
What is Electrical Zones Classification?
1. Low voltage up to 230,
2. Medium voltage 250 to 650,
3. High voltage above 650
ADCO LPR: Road Safety, PTW, Gas Test
Mandatory Training:
Induction Training, H2S Training, First Aid, Fire Fighter, Monthly hse training based on Audit
Risk Management Process
Identify, Evaluate, Recover, Mitigate, prevent OR Identify, Evaluate, Manage, Review
Safe System of work: Safe System of work is a defined method of doing a job in a safe way.
OR
A safe system of work is a procedure which is used to reduce the risk involved in an operation, if
elimination is not possible then to reduce the risk to an acceptable level.
OR
A safe system of work is a procedure to eliminate the risk involved in an operation, if elimination
isn’t possible then at least to reduce the risk to an acceptable level.
Examples of Safe System of Work Toolbox Talks, procedures, Risk Assessment, PTW etc.

Electricity: Electricity is the flow of energy from one place to another place for which source of power is
required like Generating Station etc. Electricity is the flow of electrons through a conductor
ELCB
An ELCB is a safety device used in electrical installations with high earth impedance to prevent shock.
RCCB (Residual Current Circuit Breaker is the updated version of ELCB.
Electrical Area Classification:
1) Low Voltage: <250V
2) Medium Voltage: >250V But <650V
3) High Voltage: >650V
Shock Severity:
1) Path: Path of current through the body
2) Amount of Current: Flow of current through the body
3) Duration: Duration of the shock
Electrical Hazards
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1. Contact with live wires

2. Faulty or inadequate wiring
3. Exposed Electrical parts,
4. Improper grounding
5. Using damaged and wrong Tools
6. Overhead power lines
7. Overloaded Circuits,
8. Wet Conditions.
9. Overhead Power Lines
10. Damaged Insulation
11. Poor Housekeeping
12. Smoking in undesignated area (Smoking in designated area)
13. Using wrong and defective PPEs in wet conditions
Electrical Controls Measures:
1) Proper Grounding
2) Use GFCIs or ELCB
3) Use fuses and circuit breaker
4) Guard live parts
5) Log out/ Tag Out
6) Proper use of flexible cords
7) Close Circuit panels
8) Avoid wet conditions
9) Close Electrical Panels
10) Proper and correct usage of PPEs.
Power Tools Hazards
1) Electric hazards
2) Cut injuries, Burns injuries
3) Vibration, Noise, Sparke
4) Sharp edges
5) Fire and Explosion
6) Ejection of materials
7) Damaged Cable
8) Unfixed Guard
9) Harmful Exposure
10) Defective Power Tools
11) Using power Tools incorrectly
Precautions for using power Tools
1) Read manufacturer instructions
2) Machine Guard should in place
3) Power tools properly Inspected and color-coded
4) Power supply with 30 mAmp ELCB
5) Dead men’s switch
6) Disc RPM should be greater than the machine RPM (Rotation per minute)
7) Welding booth
8) Area should be free from combustible and flammable materials
9) Covering of the area to prevent spark unwanted materials coming from outside
10) Fire Extinguishers, Fire blanket, Trained fire watcher
11) Double Eyes protection (Safety googles and Face Shields)
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12) Leather Gloves, Apron

13) Hearing protection for noise controls (Ear plug, Ear muffs)
14) Job Rotation OR Reducing exposure time.
How many types of Risk Matrix?
1)Quantitative Risk Matrix.
2)Semi quantitative Risk Matrix.
3)Qualitative Risk Matrix
What is SIMOPs
Simultaneous Operation means two or more than two different operations or jobs going on at
the same time and same place.
How to Inspect a Camp?
1. Civil Defense Approval
2. Distance Caravan to Caravan (30 meters)
3. Firefighting system
4. Policy displayed in all offices
5. Emergency Evacuation route map in every room
6. Emergency no’s displayed in every room and visible locations
7. Assembly point and its route map at all visible locations
9. Canteen requires minimum 250 workers
10.Toilet, Washroom
12.Drinking Water Certifications
13.Tea boy medical if he makes TEA by loose tea powder
14.Drainage water disposal
WHAT is Risk Management
Risk Management is about taking practical steps to protect people from real harm and suffering, not
bureaucratic back covering. Taking a sensible approach to risk management is about, ensuring that
workers and the public are properly protected. Or
Risk Management: Is the process of establishing prevention, mitigation and monitoring activities to
reduce the likelihood and potential damage of a risk.
Task Risk Assessment TRA is prepared based on the activity to be carried out.
WHAT materials are required for HSE PLAN?
The Scope of work is required to prepare HSE PLAN.
How to Improve Hse Culture:
1. HSE Communication
2. Incentive Scheme
3. Observation/Intervention
4. Questionnaires and Surveys
5. Situation Awareness
6. Risk Management
7. Hse Appraisals
8. Recording and Reporting of near misses and incidents
9. Incident Investigation
10. Audit
Excavation:
A man-made cut, cavity, trench or depression on the earth surface formed by earth removal irrespective
of depth.
Trench
A narrow excavation where the depth is greater than the width. But the width shouldn’t be exceeded than
4 meters or 15 feet
Shoring: A structure that support the sides of an excavation and protect against cave-in.
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Two types of Excavation:

Manual Excavation: The excavation without using any powered equipment
Mechanical Excavation: The excavation work using any electrical or mechanical equipment Jcb,
Excavator etc.
Hazards in Excavation
1. Underground Utilities
2. Collapse of Excavation
3. Wall/Cave in
4. Entrapment, Engulfment
5. Limited Access and Egress
6. Presence of toxic gases
7. Falling of persons
8. Falling of materials
9. Falling of Vehicles
10. Adverse Weather
11. Fall of Removed Soil
12. Flooding
13. Overhead Lines
14. Surface or Ground Water
15. Nearby Structures
16. Water Accumulation in the Excavation
Precautions for Excavation
1. Pre job planning
2. Advance written notification to the nearby structure’s authorities
3. Underground Utilities Scanning
4. PTW and Excavation Certificate
5. Check for Reference Drawing
6. Check for the nearby marker post (OFC Cable, Water line, Live pipeline etc.)
7. Make a Trail Pit
8. Do Gas Testing
9. Hard Bari cation and Warning Signs
10. Proper Access and Egress (Every 8 meters)
11. Excavated Soils should be kept 1.5 meter away from edge
12. Avoid Vehicles Moments
13. Confine Space precautions if it became Confined Space.
14. Rescue Arrangements
15. Firefighting equipment
16. Wind Socks and Emergency Numbers
17. Proper Sloping, Shoring, Shielding and Benching
18. Alternate Access if near to the road or other structure
Knowledge Points
1. Excavation Equipment shall be kept away 1.5 meter from the edge.
2. Excavation soil shall be placed more than 1.2-meter times the depth away from the edge of
trench on all side
3. Every Excavation pit must be barricaded up to height of 3 feet and 1 m away from the edge
4. Trenches width not more than 15 feet
5. Use 1.5 meter as a guide for support, but assess conditions at all times.
6. More than 1.5 meter required shoring or stepping
7. Contaminated soils always 10 meters away from the edge of excavation.
8. Personnel will be kept clear of machinery whilst it is in operation, Min safe Distance of 5 meters.
9. Trench more than 1.2 meter required ladder and ladder must be 1 meter above the surface.
10. No Mechanical Excavation within 5 mtr radius from any underground facilities or in any doubt.
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Type of soils and slope required ADNOC

1. Stable Rocks: Vertical 90 degree
2. Type A: 53degree
3. Type B: 45degree
4. Type C: 34 degrees
Why we use SLI?
1. To alert for maximum angle exceeded
2. To alert for maximum load
3. To alert for maximum Radius exceeded
4. To alert for maximum Wind speed exceeded

ASLI showing all details as shown above ( Automatic Safe Load Indicator )
LMI showing crane picture with all details (Load Moment Indicator)

High Risk Activities?

1. Erecting scaffold >10 meters.

2. Mechanical excavation near live power cables at distance less than 3 meters.
3. Lifting over live systems in hazardous areas.
4. Lifting using more than one crane in hazardous areas.
5. Welding/hot tapping.
6. Initial confined space entry into vessels/tanks.
7. Grit blasting.
Which comes first in Welfare?
1st comes workers Salary
Diesel Operated Engines Requirement at Hazardous area:
1. Spark Arrestor
2. Chalvyn Valve EN 1834
3. Emergency Switch
4. Grounding
5. Fan shall be Plastic
6. CE mark European Standard
7. Battery Cut off Switch
8. Drip tray Available
Q. Which documents required for TRA, MS, Safety plan?
• For TRA, Method statements ADNOC COP (Codes of practices).
• For Safety Plan, Scope of work, COP and contract paper.
• For MS, Scope of work.
What will you do if going to work in tank which is live?
1.P re job Planning
2.P TW, TRA and MS
3. Isolation
4. LOTO
5. Purging with nitrogen
6. Clearance by operation
7. Then all CSE precautions
Safety Standards
1. Safety Helmet Z89.1(ANSI)
2. Safety Glass Z87.1(ANSI)
3. Safety Harness Z359.1(ANSI)
4. Safety Shoes Z41.1(ANSI)
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5. Respirator Z88.2(ANSI)
6. Safety on Scaffold A10.4(ANSI)
Method Statement: It is the document submitted by contractor to client, Covering the general work
procedure of a particular job in a safe manner as per required standard.
W.M. S: We can plan and execute the work easily and safely. It also helps us to know the codes and
standards used for each activity.
Job Safety Analysis: Job Safety Analysis is the step-by-step analysis of a job to determine the safe
working procedures. OR
JSA is the technique to identify the dangers of specific task in order to reduce the risk of injury to work
force.
MSDS: A material Safety Data Sheet is a document that contains information on the potential hazards
(Health, Fire, Reactivity and environmental) and how to work safely with the chemical product. There
are 16 Sections in MSDS.
Check Valves and Flashback Arrestors:
A check valve can only prevent the reverse gas flow, While Flash Back Arrestor prevents reverse gas
flow and also arrests the flashback.
HAAD stands for Health Authority of Abu Dhabi. Cracking exams for registered Medical Professionals like
Nurses and Pharmacists
Hazardous Waste and how to Manage: Any waste (solid, sludge, slurry and liquid) which is either
combustible, explosive, inflammable, corrosive, reactive or toxic.

Waste management: Reduce, Reuse, Recycle, Recover

SAND BLASTING: Sand blasting used for removing paint or rust with high pressure AIR.

Radiation: Emission of waves is called Radiation

Radiography: It is a commonly used technique in the industry to evaluate the structural integrity of a
structure.
Radio Activity: Radio Activity is the spontaneous disintegration of atomic nuclei. The nucleus emits
ALPHA Particles, BETA particles, GAMA particles, or electromagnetic rays during this process.
Unit for Measuring Radiation: Micro silver or Milli Rem
Decay Chart: It is the chart showing the change in radioactivity of a source, for a period, at regular interval
of time.
ISOTOPE: Isotope means one or more species of atoms having same atomic number but different mass
number. Isotope are hazardous because it emits uncontrolled energy in the form of radioactive waves
which is hazardous to all living things because it destroying living tissue which cause fatality or can lead
to cancer.
Control Area: An area where the radiation dose is more than 0.75 Mrem/h or 7.5 Micro Sever.
Film Batch: this batch is worn by the personal who are exposed to radiation due to their nature of job and
this is proceed to calculate the received radiation dose of a person during a period normally 1 month of
exposure.
Authorized Exposed Person: He is one who got formal training in the use of sealed source and x-Ray
equipment used in the industry radiography
GIEGER Meter: It is the instrument used to measure the radiation dose (Radiation Survey Meter)
Q: In what condition a work permit can be issued for Radiography?
Ans: The control area is calculated, evacuated and barricaded with yellow/black taps, warning signs
minimum of 4 nos, red or yellow flash light
Permit for Radiography
1. In restricted Area: Cold work permit and Radiography Certificate
2. Unrestricted Area: Only Radiography Certificate
3. Xray Voltage high Voltage Transformer: Hot work permit and Radiography Certificate
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Control Measure for Radiography:

1. Control area is calculated, evacuated and barricaded with yellow/black tap and ensure a
competent person surveying outside the barricaded area
2. Authorized crews only and remove all un-necessary persons away from site
3. Check radiation level with Dosi Meter
4. Use lead shields
5. Put sign board or warning signs (minimum 4 nos)
6. Red or yellow flash lights
7. Use special filter glass and lead coated aprons
HSE Requirements for Radiography
1. Experience History
2. Medical History
3. Radiation Protection Supervisor (Qualified and Authorized from NRPB UK)
4. Work Instructions and Method Statement
5. Emergency Action Plan
6. Emergency Contact No
7. Emergency Kit
8. Personal DOSI meter with Calibration Certificate
9. Surveyor meter with calibration
10. TLD Batch for personals
11. Source Transportation Vehicle (Approved from FANR)
12. Source Storage Requirements
13. Source moment Control Log
Bari cation for Radiography
By using Surveyor meter (Digital and Analog meter available)
Safety Devices for Radiography
TLD Batch, Personal DOSI meter, KOLI Meter, Surveyor meter, Emergency Kit, Emergency Action Plan,
Beepers
Near Miss: An undesirable event which has the potential to cause losses but did not happen. It is also
called close call, near hit or dangerous occurrence.
Unsafe Act: Something a person does that can cause an accident or injury or working without safety
precaution for example working at height without any fall protection.
Unsafe Condition: A situation, which, if continue, can lead to an accident or injury or the place where
hazardous is hiding for example working inside the deep trench without slopping or shoring.
Incident: An unplanned undesired event which delay the completion of work and which may cause injury,
illness or property damage.
Accident: Is an unplanned uncontrolled event which cause injury illness, fatality and property damage.

Types of Hazards
1. Biological Hazards (Bacteria, Virus, Fungi)
2. Physical Hazards (Noise, Radiation, heat etc.)
3. Chemical Hazards (Gas, Dust, Smoke, Mists)
4. Electrical Hazards (Inadequate wiring, Damaged Cable)
5. Psychological Hazards (Refers to mental stress or stress and fatigue)
6. Ergonomics Hazards (Strain, Work Posture)
7. Mechanical Hazards (ENTICE: Entanglement, Trap, Impact, Contact, Ejection)
Gas Cylinder Safety
1. Cylinder should be kept in trolly upright and chained
2. It should be store in shaded area and 30 meters away from hot work
3. Regulator should be free from any defects
4. Torch should be in good condition
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5. Provide industrial clip

6. Pressure gauge shall be in proper condition
7. Flash back arrester should be provided
8. Valve protection cap
9. Hose condition will be good and be color coded
10. Joints should be firm and be free from any defects such oil, rust or leakage
11. Oxygen Cylinder should 20 feet away from Gas Cylinder
12. Ensure volves are completely closed and protection device are secured
13. Proper PPEs Leader Hand gloves and googles etc.
Types of Inspection
1. Statutory Inspection
2. Special inspection
3. Intermittent inspection
4. Periodical Inspection
5. Continuous Inspection
6. Visual Inspection
Types of Cranes
1) Mobile Crane: Truck Mounted Crane, Crawl Crane, All terrain Crane

2) Stationary Crane: Gantry Crane, Tower Crane, Hoist Crane, Floating Crane, Rail Road Crane,
Hydra Crane,
Parts of Crane
Boom, Slings, Shackles, Anti-Two Block Device (ATB), Automatic Safe Load Indicator (ASLI), Spirit Level,
Anemometer, Hydraulic, Chain Slings, Web Slings, Polly, Main hoist, Flying jib, Auxiliary Hock, Outrigger
Log Out and Tag Out:
Log out and tag out is the procedure we use to control hazardous energy during processes like
Inspection, maintenance, Repair, Cleaning or oiling machine and machine Setup etc.
1)Preparation
2)Shut Down
3)Isolation
4)Lock Out and Tag Out
5)Check Store Energy
6)Isolation Verification
Heat Stress: Heat Stress occurs when the body is unable to cool itself by sweating. OR
Heat Stress is usually the result of work being performed at high temperature. It can result into Heat
Rash, Heat Cramps, Heat Syncope, Heat Exhaustion, Heat Stroke.
TWL: Thermal Work Limit is a heat Stress index designed for self-paced, well hydrated and acclimatized
workers.
First Aid for Heat Stress:
1. Give water to drink
2. Remove unnecessary clothing
3. Move to a cooler area
4. Cool with water, ice, or with a fan
5. Do not leave him alone
6. Seek Medical care if needed
Working Zones Classifications
Unrestricted Area or Green Flag or Low Risk Area
o TWL: >140 – 220<
o Safe for all Continuous Self-paced Work
Yellow Flag, Medium Risk or Cautionary Zone
o TWL: >115 – 140<
o Safe for Continuous Self-paced light Work
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o Continuous paced work 45 work – 15 Rest

o Practicable Engineering Controls like provide Shade, Ventilation, Avoid Lone Working,
NO unacclimatized person to work and adequate fluid intakes should ensure.
Red Flag, High Risk Zone or Dangerous Zone
o TWL: <115
o Light Work 45 Work – 15 Rest
o Heavy Work 20 Work – 40 Rest
o No lone Working, NO unacclimatized person to work, High Risk Induction, Personal
Water bottle.
Heat Stress:
1) Identify the hazards and Know the Signs and Symptoms
2) Water, Rest and Shade
3) Avoid drinks with large amount of sugar
4) Add a little extra salt to your meals
5) Eat fruits and vegetables everyday
6) Check your urine color it should be pale yellow.
7) Know if you are at risk
8) Shift your shift
9) Recuperate and Rehydrate
10) Wear Light Color clothes, Use Sunscreen, Use UV absorbent Sunglasses
11) Reduce the exposure time
12) Schedule the heavy Work to cooler part of the days
13) Watch out for each other
14) Acclimatization
15) Thermal Work Limit
16) Toilet, Monitoring Health, Close Supervision, Training.
17) IF unwell, inform your supervisor
TWL Formula = Wind Speed + Humidity + Temperature
Area Classification: Restricted Area, Non-Restricted Area, Open Area
If Oil is on fire DCP extinguisher should be used
Fire: Is the chemical reaction of oxygen, heat, fuel and burning materials, met together will start a fire.
Fire Triangle: Fire triangle is a diagram which represent the three components that creates fire such as
Oxygen, Fuel and Heat (Source of ignition). Absence of any of the component fire would not occur.
Main Causes of Fire:
1. Electrical Fire
2. Miss use of electrical equipment
3. Smoker’s material
4. Smoking in prohibited areas
5. Cigarette lighters
6. Unsafe storage of materials
7. Loss of control over the firing of rubbish
8. Oil and gas heating equipment, portable heaters
9. Naked flame, welding, Gas Cutting, Burning
Classes of Fire and Extinguisher
1: Class A Combustible Materials
Paper, wood, plastic, Clothes, Rubber
Extinguisher: Water, DCP, CO2 and FOAM

2: Class B Flammable Liquid

Petrol, Diesel, Paint, Oil
Extinguisher: DCP, Foam
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3: Class C Flammable Gases

Acetylene, propane, LPG, Butane
Extinguisher: DCP, Foam

4: Class D Combustible Metals

Magnesium, potassium, Sodium, Zinc, Calcium, Titanium
Extinguisher: Metal X-Type, Combustible Metal Type, DCP, CO2

5: Class E Electrical Equipment

Computer, Generator, Electrical Cable
Extinguisher: CO2

6: Class F Cooking Media

Cooking Oil and Fats
Extinguisher: DCP, CO2

TBT Talks, Pre- task meeting, Tailgate Safety Talks, Tailboard Safety Talks or Plan of the day meeting
Tbt is a quick and easy way to import safety information to employees.
1. Task to be performed
2. Work method to be followed
3. Tools to be used
4. PPEs to be worn
5. Precaution to be taken to avoid hazards
6. Permits to be present
7. Each ones Task within the team
JSA/TRA/HIRA, Hse policy, Objective and Targets, Hand and power tools, Housekeeping,
Excavation Safety, working at height, Scaffolding and Ladder Safety etc.

Hot Tapping or pressure Tapping: This is a method of making a connection to existing piping or pressure
vessels without the interrupting of that section of pipe or vessel. This means that a pipe or tank can
continue to be in operation whilst maintenance or modification are being done to it.
Hazards of Hot Tapping
1. Property Damaged
2. Fire and Explosion
3. Damaged and Defective parts
4. Improper Grounding
5. Oxy-Fuel Equipment
6. Combustible and Flammable Materials
7. Personal injury
8. Electric Shock
9. Improper ventilation
10. Inadequate PPEs
11. Chemicals Release
12. Sharp Edges, Struck-by, Harmful Exposure
Control Measures for Hot Tapping
1. Pre job planning
2. Training, TBT and Risk Assessment
3. PTW, JSA, Hira
4. Work Method Statement
5. Proper Barricading and Signages
6. Equipment inspection
7. Ventilation and lighting
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8. Emergency plan
9. Proper communication, proper access and egress and escape routes
10. Continuous Gas Monitoring
11. Store all equipment in toolbox to prevent fall
12. Proper monitoring and close supervision
13. Cylinder should be in good condition, placed vertically, Chained and properly secured.
14. Check pressure gauge that should in working conditions
15. Flash Back Arrester (FBA)
Risk: Risk is the combination of probability into severity. Risk = Probability * Severity
There are two types of risks Potential Risk and Residual Risk
Residual Risk: The existing risk after implementing the control measures.

If ALARF not possible for an activity:

Then close supervision from higher authority and give more care about that activity more than normal
precautions and control measures
Dynamic Risk Assessment: Continuously observing, assessing and analyzing an environment to identify
hazards and remove risks while completing the tasks.

Prepared By: “FAROOQ KHAN MARDAN”

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