Cloud Systems Introduction
(Mastering Cloud Computing: Chapter#1)
Rashmi Kansakar
As of now, computer networks are still in their infancy,
but as they grow up and become sophisticated, we will
probably see the spread of ‘computer utilities’ which,
like present electric telephone utilities, will service
individual homes and offices across the country.
-Leonard Kleinrock, 1969, ARPANET
IT/Non-IT Company
The Vision...
AWS ...
Startup/New Company
Google App
Engine ...
End User
Office365, AdobePro ...
Defining Cloud Computing
Huh?
➢ It’s a Buzzword!
➢ Term for MANY ideas and concepts
Armburst
• Cloud computing refers to both the applications delivered as services over the Internet and
the hardware and software in the datacenters that provide those services.
NIST (National Institute of Standards and Technologies)
• Cloud computing is a model for enabling ubiquitous, convenient, on-demand network
access to a shared pool of configurable computing resources (e.g., networks, servers,
storage, applications, and services) that can be rapidly provisioned and released with
minimal management effort or service provider interaction.
Forrester
• A standardized IT capability (services, software, or infrastructure) delivered via the Internet
in a pay-per-use, self-service way
Larry Ellison
• Water Vapor... [other than that] it is just a computer connected to a network!
• Changed its mind in 2015 …
Reese’s Definition (as a utility)
➢ The service is accessible via a Web browser or a Web services
application programming interface (API)
➢ Zero capital expenditure is necessary to get started.
➢ You pay only for what you use as you use it.
Buyya et. al., (Our text author)
A cloud is a type of parallel and distributed system consisting of a
collection of interconnected and virtualized computers that are
dynamically provisioned and presented as one or more unified
computing resources based on service-level agreements
established through negotiation between the service provider and
consumers.
Existing Cloud
Evolution of Sharing on the Internet
Reference Model
Benefits to a regular business?
➢ No up-front commitments
➢ On-demand access
➢ Nice pricing (capital costs -> utility costs, no depreciation)
➢ Simplified app acceleration, scalability and elasticity
➢ Efficient resource allocation
➢ Energy efficiency??
➢ Seamless creation and use of third-party services
Benefits for Software Company going to SaaS
➢ No deployment issues (CDs, downloads, etc)
➢ No need to support multiple OSs
➢ Faster to market
➢ A/B testing of features
➢ Efficiency and reliability now key
➢ More efficient developers, just try it!
Storms may be on the horizon...
➢ Security
○ Confidentiality, Secrecy, Protection
➢ Legal
○ Google/Facebook privacy
○ Differing viewing laws
➢ Latency & Data Location (later)
How did we get here?
5 core technologies:
1. Distributed Systems
2. Virtualization
3. Web 2.0
4. Service-oriented computing
5. Utility-oriented computing
Emerging Cloud Trends
1. Fog Computing & Edge Computing
2. Containerization
3. PaaS
4. Security Automation & Orchestration
5. Hybrid Wireless
Source: Forrester Research Inc, Forrester top 15 emerging technologies to watch
