A59 Probability With Tree

Diagram
Questions
O Level P2
1 (b) A bag contained 5 Red and 2 Blue beads.
Chris took 3 beads, at random, and without replacement, from the bag.
The probability tree shows the possible outcomes and their probabilities.

1st bead 2nd bead 3rd bead

3
5 Red

4 Red
6
2
5 Blue
Red
4
5 5 Red
2
7 6 Blue
1 Blue
5

4
5 Red

5 Red
2
7 6
p Blue
Blue
q Red
1
6 Blue
r
Blue

(i) Write down the values of p, q and r. [2]

(ii) Expressing each answer as a fraction in its lowest terms, find the probability that
(a) three Red beads were taken, [1]
(b) the first bead was Red, the second Blue and the third Red, [1]
(c) two of the beads were Red and one was Blue. [2]
© UCLES 2005 4024/02/M/J/05
2 (a) Ben travels to work by bus, by bicycle or by car.
The probability that he travels by bus on any day is 0.5.
The probability that he travels by bicycle on any day is 0.2.
The tree diagram below shows some of the probabilities of the possible journeys on Monday and
Tuesday.

Monday Tuesday
bus
0.5
0.2
bus bicycle
r

car
0.5
bus
0.5
0.2 0.2
bicycle bicycle
r
r
car
bus
p
q
car bicycle
r

car

(i) Find the values of p, q and r. [2]

(ii) Find the probability that Ben travels to work

(a) by bus on both Monday and Tuesday, [1]

(b) by bus on one day and by bicycle on the other day. [2]

© UCLES 2010 4024/21/M/J/10

3 (b) A bag contains 12 discs.
There are 8 blue and 4 red discs.

A disc is picked out at random and not replaced.

A second disc is then picked out at random and not replaced.

The tree diagram below shows the possible outcomes and one of their probabilities.

First disc Second disc

Blue
........

........ Blue

........ Red

........ Blue

........ Red
3
Red
11

(i) Complete the tree diagram. [2]

(ii) Expressing each of your answers as a fraction in its lowest terms, calculate the
probability that

(a) both discs are red,

Answer ...................................... [1]

(b) at least one disc is blue.

Answer ...................................... [2]

(iii) A third disc is picked out at random.

Calculate the probability that all three discs are red.

Answer ...................................... [1]

© UCLES 2011 4024/22/O/N/11
4 (a) Aboxofchocolatescontains10milkchocolatesand2plainchocolates.
Sachaeats3chocolateschosenatrandomfromthebox.
Thetreediagramshowsthepossibleoutcomesandtheirprobabilities.

First chocolate Second chocolate Third chocolate

8 milk
10
9 milk
11
2
plain
10
milk
9 milk
10 10
12 2
11 plain

1 plain
10

milk
........

2 milk
12 ........
........ plain
plain
milk
........
plain
........

........ plain

(i) Completethetreediagram. [2]

(ii) Expressingeachanswerasafractioninitslowestterms,findtheprobabilitythatSacha

(a) eats3milkchocolates,

Answer  ............................................... [1]

4024/21/M/J/13
5 (a) A bag contains red and blue pegs.
Altogether there are 25 pegs of which n are red.
Rashid picks two pegs without replacement.
The tree diagram shows the possible outcomes and their probabilities.

First peg Second peg

n–1 red
24

red
25 – n
n 24
25
blue

25 – n
25 red

blue

blue

(i) Complete the tree diagram. [2]

(ii) (a) Write an expression, as a single fraction in terms of n, for the probability that
Rashid picks a red peg then a blue peg in that order.

Answer ................................................ [1]

1
(b) The probability that Rashid picks a red peg then a blue peg in that order is .
p
Given that the number of red pegs, n, satisfies the equation n2 – 25n + 150 = 0,
find p.

Answer p = ......................................... [2]

(iii) Solve n2 – 25n + 150 = 0 to find the possible values of n.

Answer n = .................. or ..................[2]

(iv) Given that at the start there are more blue pegs than red pegs in the bag, find the
probability that Rashid picks two red pegs.

Answer ................................................ [2]

© UCLES 2013 4024/22/M/J/13

6 (a) Some people were asked which continent they visited on their last holiday.
The results are shown in the table below.

Continent Number of people

North America (NA) 7
Europe (E) 15
Asia (A) 8

(i) Find the probability that one of these people, chosen at random, visited North America.

Answer ............................................ [1]

(ii) Find the probability that one of these people, chosen at random, did not go to Asia.
Give your answer as a fraction in its lowest terms.

Answer ............................................ [1]

(iii) Two of these people are chosen at random.

The tree diagram opposite shows the possible outcomes and some of their probabilities.

(a) Complete the tree diagram. [2]

(b) What is the probability that the two people went to the same continent?

Answer ............................................ [2]

 First Person Second Person

NA
.......

.......
NA E

....... A
.......

NA
.......
15
30 .......
E E

....... A

8
NA
30 .......

A .......
E

....... A

© UCLES 2015 4024/22/M/J/15

7 (b) A bag contains R red beads and B blue beads.
Two beads are chosen, at random, without replacement.
The tree diagram shows the possible outcomes and their probabilities.

First bead Second bead

11 red
19

3 red
5
8
19 blue

12 red
19
2
5 blue

7
19 blue

(i) Calculate the probability that both beads are red.

Answer .......................................... [1]

(ii) Calculate the probability that the two beads are different colours.

Answer .......................................... [2]

(iii) What is the value of R?

Answer .......................................... [1]

(iv) Of the red beads, half have a yellow spot.

Calculate the probability that, of the two chosen beads, neither has a yellow spot.

Answer .......................................... [2]

© UCLES 2016 4024/21/O/N/16

8 (b) Amira has three $1 coins and two 20c coins in her purse.
She picks out coins at random, one after the other.
The coins are not replaced.

The tree diagram shows the possible outcomes and their probabilities when picking out two coins.

First coin Second coin

$1
x

3 $1
5
2
4 20c

3 $1
4
2
5 20c

1
4 20c

(i) Find x.

Answer .......................................... [1]

(ii) Find the probability that the total value of the two coins picked out is 40 cents.

Answer .......................................... [1]

(iii) Find the probability that the total value of the two coins picked out is $1.20 .

Answer .......................................... [2]

© UCLES 2016 4024/22/O/N/16

9
T R I G O N O M E T R Y

Twelve lettered tiles spelling the word TRIGONOMETRY are placed inside a bag.

(a) A tile is taken at random from the bag.

Find the probability that the tile shows a letter R.

Give your answer as a fraction in its simplest form.

Answer .......................................... [1]

(b) All the tiles are placed back in the bag, a tile is then taken at random and placed on the table.
A second tile is taken at random and placed to the right of the first tile.
A third tile is taken at random and placed to the right of the second tile.

1st 2nd 3rd

Find the probability that, in the order the tiles were placed on the table, they spell GET.

Answer .......................................... [2]

(c) Vowels are the letters A, E, I, O and U.
All other letters are consonants.
All the twelve tiles are placed back in the bag and two tiles are taken at random, without
replacement.

(i) Complete the tree diagram.

First tile Second tile

3 vowel
11

vowel
4
12
......... consonant

vowel
.........

.........
consonant

......... consonant
[2]

(ii) Find the probability that the tiles both show vowels.

Answer .......................................... [1]

(iii) Find the probability that one tile shows a vowel and one tile shows a consonant.

Answer .......................................... [2]

© UCLES 2018 4024/21/M/J/18
10 A bag contains 10 tiles.
There are 4 red tiles, x white tiles and the rest are blue.
Two tiles are taken at random, without replacement, from the bag.

(a) Complete the tree diagram.

First tile Second tile

Red
3
9
x
9
Red White

6-x
4 9 Blue
10

4 Red
9
x x-1
10 9
White White

6-x
9
Blue

6-x Red
10 ....................

....................
Blue White

5-x
9 Blue
[2]

(b) Calculate the probability that both the tiles are red.

................................................. [1]
 x 2 - 6x + 21
(c) (i) Show that the probability that the tiles are both the same colour is .
45

[4]
16
(ii) The probability the tiles are both the same colour is .
45
Show that x 2 - 6x + 5 = 0 .

[1]

(iii) Solve x 2 - 6x + 5 = 0 .

x = ....................... or x = ....................... [2]

(iv) There are more red tiles than white tiles in the bag.

Find the probability that the first tile taken from the bag is blue.

................................................. [2]

© UCLES 2020 4024/21/M/J/20