E X E R C IS E
3 REVIEW SHEET
The Cell—Anatomy and Division
Name _______________________________________________________ Lab Time/Date ___________________________________
Anatomy of the Composite Cell
1. Define the following:
Organelle: __________________________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Cell: ________________________________________________________________________________________________________
2. Identify the following cell parts:
1. external boundary of cell; regulates flow of materials into and out of the cell
2. contains digestive enzymes of many varieties; can destroy the entire cell
3. scattered throughout the cell; major site of ATP synthesis
4. slender extensions of the plasma membrane that increase its surface area
5. stored glycogen granules, crystals, pigments
6. membranous system consisting of flattened sacs and vesicles; packages proteins
for export
7. control center of the cell; necessary for cell division and cell life
8. two rod-shaped bodies near the nucleus; the basis of cilia
9. dense, darkly staining nuclear body; packaging site for ribosomes
10. contractile elements of the cytoskeleton
11. membranous system that has “rough” and “smooth” varieties
12. attached to membrane systems or scattered in the cytoplasm; synthesize proteins
13. threadlike structures in the nucleus; contain genetic material (DNA)
14. site of detoxification of alcohol, hydrogen peroxide, and harmful chemicals
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26 Review Sheet 3
3. In the following diagram, label all parts provided with a leader line.
Differences and Similarities in Cell Structure
4. For each of the following cell types, on line (a) list one important structural characteristic observed in the laboratory.
On line (b), write the function that the structure complements or ensures.
squamous epithelium a. ______________________________________________________________________________
b. ______________________________________________________________________________
sperm a. ______________________________________________________________________________
b. ______________________________________________________________________________
smooth muscle a. ______________________________________________________________________________
b. ______________________________________________________________________________
red blood cells a. ______________________________________________________________________________
b. ______________________________________________________________________________
Review Sheet 3 27
5. What is the significance of the red blood cell being anucleate (without a nucleus)? _______________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Cell Division: Mitosis and Cytokinesis
6. What is the importance of mitotic cell division? ________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________
7. Identify the three phases of mitosis shown in the following photomicrographs, and select the events from the key
choices that correctly identify each phase. Write the key letters on the appropriate answer line.
Key:
a. Chromatin coils and condenses, forming chromosomes.
b. The chromosomes (chromatids) are V-shaped.
c. The nuclear envelope re-forms.
d. Chromosomes stop moving toward the poles.
e. Chromosomes line up in the center of the cell.
f. The nuclear envelope fragments.
g. The spindle forms.
h. DNA synthesis occurs.
i. Chromosomes first appear to be double.
j. Chromosomes attach to the spindle fibers.
k. The nuclear envelope(s) is absent.
1. Phase: _______________________ 2. Phase: _______________________ 3. Phase: _______________________
Events: ______________________ Events: ______________________ Events: ______________________
