Revision Sheet
1- Pascal's Law
Problem 1:
A hydraulic lift has a small piston with a diameter of 0.1 m and a large piston with a diameter of
0.5 m. If a force of 200 N is applied to the small piston, what is the force exerted by the large
piston?
Problem 2:
A hydraulic system uses a fluid with a density of 850 kg/m³. If the height difference between two
points in the system is 3 m, what is the pressure difference between these two points?
Problem 3:
A hydraulic lift has a small piston with a diameter of 0.1 m and a large piston with a diameter of
0.5 m. If a force of 200 N is applied to the small piston, what is the force exerted by the large
piston?
Problem 4:
A hydraulic system is used to lift a car weighing 1500 kg. If the area of the piston in contact with
the car is 0.3 m², what is the minimum area of the input piston required to lift the car?
2- Archimedes' Principle (completely submerged)
Problem 1:
A block of wood with a volume of 0.02 m³ is floating in water. What is the weight of the water
displaced by the block?
Problem 2:
A submerged object weighs 50 N in air and 30 N when submerged in water. What is the buoyant
force acting on the object?
Problem 3:
A cube with a side length of 0.2 m is submerged in water. Calculate the buoyant force acting on
the cube.
Problem 4:
A solid sphere with a radius of 0.1 m and a density of 500 kg/m³ is submerged in a fluid with a
density of 1000 kg/m³. Will the sphere float or sink? Calculate the buoyant force and compare it
to the weight of the sphere.
Revision Sheet
3- Archimedes' Principle (partially submerged) Floating
Problem 1:
A ship has a mass of 200,000 kg. What is the minimum volume of water it must displace to float,
assuming the density of water is 1000 kg/m³?
Problem 2:
A cylindrical object with a radius of 0.2 m and height of 0.5 m is floating in water. What fraction
of the object is submerged if the density of the object is 600 kg/m³?
Problem 3:
A boat displaces 5000 kg of water when floating. What is the maximum weight of cargo it can
carry without sinking, assuming the boat itself weighs 2000 kg?
Problem 4:
A cylindrical object with a radius of 0.1 m and a height of 0.5 m is floating in water. If the object
has a density of 800 kg/m³, what fraction of its height is submerged?
4- Continuity and Bernoulli's Equations
Problem 1:
A fluid flows through a pipe with a velocity of 5 m/s at a point where the diameter is 0.4 m. If
the diameter at another point is 0.2 m, what is the velocity at that point?
Problem 2:
A fluid flows through a horizontal pipe with varying diameters. If the pressure in the wider
section is 300 kPa and the velocity is 1 m/s, what is the pressure in the narrower section where
the diameter is halved, assuming incompressible flow?
Problem 3:
A fluid flows through a pipe with varying diameters. At point C, the pressure is 150 kPa, the
velocity is 2 m/s, and the height is 5 m. At point D, the height is 3 m, and the velocity is 4 m/s.
What is the pressure at point D?
Problem 4:
A fluid flows through a pipe with a height difference of 5 m between two points. If the velocity
at the higher point is 3 m/s and the pressure is 200 kPa, what is the pressure at the lower point?
Problem 5:
A jet of water exits a nozzle with a diameter of 0.02 m at a speed of 10 m/s. If the pressure at the
nozzle is 150 kPa, what is the pressure in the tank supplying the water?
