Lampiran Materi
A. What is a descriptive text?
Descriptive text is a text that explains and describes a person, place, or thing. It uses adjectives and
adverbs. It aims to describe a person, place or thing. It consists of the identification of a person, place or
thing and their description.
B. Social Function
Giving information about a particular object by describing its features dan special characteristic.
Giving information about a particular object by describing its physical attributes, behavior,
functions, etc.
C. Generic Structures
Identification/ Introduction/ Classification
1. Identification introduces and identifies specific objects (a person, thing, place, animal, or event)
intended to be described. It is used to give a general idea about the object we want to describe.
2. What specific topic, person, idea, or thing is being described or explained.
3. How is the topic being described or explained?
Description
1. Description describes the intended objects using descriptive details or information about the
objects, characteristics, appearance, personality, habits, or qualities.
2. What features or characteristics (physical appearance, qualities, habitual behavior, significant
attributes) are important to remember or understand about the topic being described.
D. Language Features
Language features commonly used in descriptive text:
Focus on specific characteristics or features
Use simple present tense
Use noun phrases
• Simple Present Tense
Formula:
Subject + V1 + O
Subject (I, You, We, They) + V1 Subject (He, She, It) + V1 (-s/-es)
Examples: Examples:
a. I go to school. a. He goes to school.
b. You write a letter. b. She writes a letter.
c. We eat banana. c. It eats banana.
d. They learn English. d. The baby cries.
The examples above are in form of affirmative sentences. To changes the sentences in negative form
you can use auxiliary verb “do not” or “does not”.
a. I do not go to school. a. He does not go to school.
b. You do not write a letter. b. She does not write a letter.
c. We do not eat banana. c. It does eat banana.
d. They do not learn English. d. The baby does not cry.
Formula:
Subject + to be (am, is, are) + O
Subject (I) + am Subject (You, We, They) + are Subject (He, She, It) + is
a. I am a teacher. a. You are beautiful. a. He is my friend.
b. I am tall. b. We are family. b. She is cute.
c. I am handsome. c. They are smart people. c. It is a big wall.
The examples above are in form of affirmative sentences. To change the sentences in negative form you
just put not after to be: “am not”, “are not”, “is not”.
• Use Noun Phrases
When describing, writers use adjectives, adverbs and specific nouns/noun phrases. Many noun phrases
in trying to make readers get the mental picture of what is being described. As you know, noun is a
thing, a place, or a person, an animal, while adjective is a word that describes a noun. An adjective that
describes a noun is called a modifier. A noun that goes with a modifier is called a noun phrase. Observe
where the position of the modifier is.
For example:
Adjectives Noun Noun Phrases
Beautiful Girl Beautiful girl
Black Hair Black hair
Brown Eyes Brown eyes
Big Stone Big stone
Large House Large house
