Module 4
Solutions to Linear
Systems of Equations
M4: Solutions to Linear Systems of
Equations
L4.1: Gaussian Elimination
Learning Outcome
• Determine the solutions of a linear system of equation
using Gauss Elimination method.
The Gaussian Elimination
a method of solving a system of linear equations (SLE) using elementary row
operation and back substitution. It can solve system of linear equations that have
unequal number of equations and number of unknowns.
Steps:
A - transform the system of linear equations into an augmented matrix.
R - perform the elementary row operation to come up a matrix in row
echelon form.
B - solve the solutions of the SLE by doing back substitution.
Example 01: Solve the system of linear equations below using Gaussian
elimination. 3𝑥 − 2𝑦 + 𝑧 = 4
2𝑥 − 𝑦 + 3𝑧 = 1
𝑥 + 𝑦 − 2𝑧 = 5
Solution:
A – generating the Augmented Matrix
Example 01: Solve the system of linear equations below using Gaussian
elimination. 3𝑥 − 2𝑦 + 𝑧 = 4
2𝑥 − 𝑦 + 3𝑧 = 1
𝑥 + 𝑦 − 2𝑧 = 5
Solution:
R – generating the matrix in row echelon form using elementary row operation
Example 01: Solve the system of linear equations below using Gaussian
elimination. 3𝑥 − 2𝑦 + 𝑧 = 4
2𝑥 − 𝑦 + 3𝑧 = 1
𝑥 + 𝑦 − 2𝑧 = 5
Solution:
B – solve the solutions by doing back substitution
Example 02: Solve the system of linear equations below using Gaussian
elimination. 𝑥 − 𝑦 + 2𝑧 = 4
𝑥+𝑧 =6
2𝑥 − 3𝑦 + 5𝑧 = 4
Solution: 3𝑥 + 2𝑦 − 𝑧 = 1
A – generating the Augmented Matrix
Example 02: Solve the system of linear equations below using Gaussian
elimination. 𝑥 − 𝑦 + 2𝑧 = 4
𝑥+𝑧 =6
2𝑥 − 3𝑦 + 5𝑧 = 4
Solution: 3𝑥 + 2𝑦 − 𝑧 = 1
R – generating the matrix in row echelon form using elementary row operation
Example 02: Solve the system of linear equations below using Gaussian
elimination. 𝑥 − 𝑦 + 2𝑧 = 4
𝑥+𝑧 =6
2𝑥 − 3𝑦 + 5𝑧 = 4
Solution: 3𝑥 + 2𝑦 − 𝑧 = 1
B – solve the solutions by doing back substitution
Example 03: Solve the system of linear equations below using Gaussian
elimination. 𝑥 + 5𝑧 = 2
y − 3𝑧 = −1
Solution:
A – generating the Augmented Matrix
Example 03: Solve the system of linear equations below using Gaussian
elimination. 𝑥 + 5𝑧 = 2
y − 3𝑧 = −1
Solution:
R – generating the matrix in row echelon form using elementary row operation
Example 03: Solve the system of linear equations below using Gaussian
elimination. 𝑥 + 5𝑧 = 2
y − 3𝑧 = −1
Solution:
B – solve the solutions by doing back substitution
Example 04: Solve the system of linear equations below using Gaussian
elimination. 𝑤 + 2𝑥 + 3𝑦 + 𝑧 = 4
2𝑤 − 𝑥 + 𝑦 − 3𝑧 = 3
3𝑤 + 3𝑥 + 2𝑦 − 4𝑧 = 5
Solution: 5𝑤 − 4𝑥 − 𝑦 + 6𝑧 = 9
A – generating the Augmented Matrix
Example 04: Solve the system of linear equations below using Gaussian
elimination. 𝑤 + 2𝑥 + 3𝑦 + 𝑧 = 4
2𝑤 − 𝑥 + 𝑦 − 3𝑧 = 3
3𝑤 + 3𝑥 + 2𝑦 − 4𝑧 = 5
Solution: 5𝑤 − 4𝑥 − 𝑦 + 6𝑧 = 9
R – generating the matrix in row echelon form using elementary row operation
Example 04: Solve the system of linear equations below using Gaussian
elimination. 𝑤 + 2𝑥 + 3𝑦 + 𝑧 = 4
2𝑤 − 𝑥 + 𝑦 − 3𝑧 = 3
3𝑤 + 3𝑥 + 2𝑦 − 4𝑧 = 5
Solution: 5𝑤 − 4𝑥 − 𝑦 + 6𝑧 = 9
B – solve the solutions by doing back substitution
M4: Solutions to Linear Systems of
Equations
L4.2: Gauss-Jordan
Elimination
Learning Outcome
• Compute the solution of linear system of equations using
the Gauss-Jordan Method.
The Gauss-Jordan Elimination
a method of solving a system of linear equations (SLE) similar to the Gaussian
elimination except that the left portion of the augmented matrix is converted entirely
into a diagonal matrix with elements in the principal diagonal equal to 1.
Steps:
A - transform the system of linear equations into an augmented matrix.
R - perform the elementary row operation to come up a diagonal matrix.
S - the elements on the right side of the new augmented matrix are the
solutions of the SLE.
Example 01: Solve the system of linear equations below using Gauss-Jordan
elimination. 3𝑥 − 2𝑦 + 𝑧 = 4
2𝑥 − 𝑦 + 3𝑧 = 1
𝑥 + 𝑦 − 2𝑧 = 5
Solution:
A – generating the Augmented Matrix
Example 01: Solve the system of linear equations below using Gauss-Jordan
elimination. 3𝑥 − 2𝑦 + 𝑧 = 4
2𝑥 − 𝑦 + 3𝑧 = 1
𝑥 + 𝑦 − 2𝑧 = 5
Solution:
R – perform row operation to generate the upper triangular matrix
Example 01: Solve the system of linear equations below using Gauss-Jordan
elimination. 3𝑥 − 2𝑦 + 𝑧 = 4
2𝑥 − 𝑦 + 3𝑧 = 1
𝑥 + 𝑦 − 2𝑧 = 5
Solution:
R – perform row operation to generate the lower triangular matrix
Example 01: Solve the system of linear equations below using Gauss-Jordan
elimination. 3𝑥 − 2𝑦 + 𝑧 = 4
2𝑥 − 𝑦 + 3𝑧 = 1
𝑥 + 𝑦 − 2𝑧 = 5
Solution:
S – solve the solutions of the SLE
Example 02: Solve the system of linear equations below using Gauss-Jordan
elimination. 𝑤 + 2𝑥 + 3𝑦 + 𝑧 = 4
2𝑤 − 𝑥 + 𝑦 − 3𝑧 = 3
3𝑤 + 3𝑥 + 2𝑦 − 4𝑧 = 5
Solution: 5𝑤 − 4𝑥 − 𝑦 + 6𝑧 = 9
A – generating the Augmented Matrix
Example 02: Solve the system of linear equations below using Gauss-Jordan
elimination. 𝑤 + 2𝑥 + 3𝑦 + 𝑧 = 4
2𝑤 − 𝑥 + 𝑦 − 3𝑧 = 3
3𝑤 + 3𝑥 + 2𝑦 − 4𝑧 = 5
Solution: 5𝑤 − 4𝑥 − 𝑦 + 6𝑧 = 9
R – perform row operation to generate the upper triangular matrix
Example 02: Solve the system of linear equations below using Gauss-Jordan
elimination. 𝑤 + 2𝑥 + 3𝑦 + 𝑧 = 4
2𝑤 − 𝑥 + 𝑦 − 3𝑧 = 3
3𝑤 + 3𝑥 + 2𝑦 − 4𝑧 = 5
Solution: 5𝑤 − 4𝑥 − 𝑦 + 6𝑧 = 9
R – perform row operation to generate the lower triangular matrix
Example 02: Solve the system of linear equations below using Gauss-Jordan
elimination. 𝑤 + 2𝑥 + 3𝑦 + 𝑧 = 4
2𝑤 − 𝑥 + 𝑦 − 3𝑧 = 3
3𝑤 + 3𝑥 + 2𝑦 − 4𝑧 = 5
Solution: 5𝑤 − 4𝑥 − 𝑦 + 6𝑧 = 9
S – solve the solutions of the SLE
"So do not worry, saying, 'What shall we eat?' or 'What shall we drink?' or "What
shall we wear?' For the pagans run after all these things, and your heavenly Father
knows that you need them. But seek first His kingdom and His righteousness, and
all these things will be given to you as well. Therefore do not worry about
tomorrow, for tomorrow will worry about itself. Each day has enough trouble of its
own."
Matthew 6:31–34
God Bless!
