COEFFICIENTS FOR NEGATIVE MOMENTS IN SLABS
COEFFICIENTS FOR DEAD LOAD POSITIVE MOMENTS IN SLABS
COEFFICIENTS FOR LIVE LOAD POSITIVE MOMENTS IN SLABS
la = clear span in the short direction (length of slab itself, b w not included)
lb = clear span in the long direction (length of slab itself, b w not included)
l
if m = a is lower than 0.5 use one - way slab analysis
lb
Example 1 :
m = 0.71216
Case 4
C b = interpolate 0.70 0.011
0.71216 x
0.75 0.013
(0.71213- 0.70)
C b = 0.011+ (0.013 - 0.011)
(0.75 − 0.70)
C b = 0.0114864
Example 2 :
m = 0.663
Case 6
C b = interpolate 0.65 0.007
0.663 x
0.70 0.009
(0.663- 0.65)
C b = 0.007 + (0.009 - 0.007)
(0.70 − 0.65)
C b = 0.00752
NOTE:
Lecture on Slab (Design of Concrete Structures; Nilson)
Chapter 12, Edge- Supported Slab
Method 3 p. 406 - 415
Chapter 13, Two-Way Column- Supported Slabs
Chapter 14, Yield Line Analysis for Slabs
Chapter 15, Strip Method for Slabs
IMPORTANT NOTE :
Read the following articles
NSCP p. 4 - 31 Art. 409.6.3;Two - Way Constructon (nonprestressed)
Art. 409.6.3.2 and 409.6.3.3 (min. thickness)
Art. 409.6.3.3
use # 3 : m greater than 2.0, the thickness shall not be less than
fy
ln 0.8 +
1500
h= (eqn. 409 - 14)
36 + 9
but not less than 90 mm.
whichever is higher (eqn. 409 - 14) or 90 mm governs!
DL = wt. of slab + superimposed deadloads
SAMPLE PROBLEM:
Design a corner panel with clear spans of 3.64 m and 4.8 m. A superimposed DL of 1.5 kPa, live load of
2.4 kPa and materials f 'c = 23 MPa and Gr. 40 bars. Use 12 mm Ø bars.
L L
2 (one way) 2 (two way)
S S
(1) Thickness
276
h = 4800 0.8 +
1500
4.8
36 + 9
3.6
h = 98.4 mm 90 mm
h = 100 mm
(2) Loads
W D = 23.6 x 0.1 + 1.5 = 3.86 kPa x 1.4
W D = 5.404 kPa 1.4DL
W L = 2.4 kPa x 1.7
WL = 4.08 kPa 1.7LL
W u = 1.4 WD + 1.7 WL = 5.404 + 4.08
W u = 9.8484 kPa
Short Direction ( Corner Panel Case 4) (Ca)
A.) Middle Strip
(i) Neg M @ continuous edge
m = shorter leg m = 3.64
longer leg 4.8
m = 0.75833
Caneg = 0.075167
Maneg = Ca neg Wu (la ) 2 = 0.0751667(9.484 kPa)(3.64m)²
Maneg = 9.4454 kN - m/1m strip
(ii) Pos. M @ midspan
(a) DL
Ca, pos. DL = 0.043 - 2(0.0833)(0.004)
Ca, pos. DL = 0.0423333
( )
Ma, pos. DL = Ca, pos. DL *1.4WD * la 2
Ma, pos. DL = 0.042333(5.404 kPa)(3.64)²
Ma, pos. DL = 3.0311kn
(b) LL
Ca, pos. LL = 0.052 - 2(0.0833)(0.004)
Ca, pos. LL = 0.051333
( )
Ma, pos. LL = Ca, pos. LL *1.7WL * la 2
Ma, pos. LL = 0.05133(4.08 kPa)(3.64)²
Ma, pos. LL = 2.7750 kn
(c) Ma, pos. = 3.0311+ 2.775
M a, pos. = 5.8061kn
(iii) Neg M @ Discontinuous edge
1
Ma, neg. = (Mpos.)
3
5.8061
=
3
Ma, neg. = 1.9354 kN
B.) Column Strip
(i) Neg M @ continuous edge
2
Ma, neg. = (Mneg.)
3
2
= (9.4454)
3
Ma, neg. = 6.2970 kN
B.) Column Strip
(i) Neg M @ continuous edge
2
Ma, neg. = (Mneg.)
3
2
= (9.4454)
3
Ma, neg. = 6.2970 kN
(ii) Pos. M
2
Ma, pos. = (5.8061)
3
Ma, pos. = 3.8708 kN
(iii) Neg M @ Discontinuous edge
Ma, neg. = 2/3(1.9354)
Ma, neg. = 1.2903 kN
Long Direction (Cb)
A.) Middle Strip
(i) Neg. M
Cb, Neg. = 0.024 + 2 * 0.0833* 0.005
Cb, Neg. = 0.024833
Mb, Neg. = 0.024833(9.484)(4.8)²
Mb, Neg. = 5.4263 kN
(ii) Pos. M
(a) DL
Cb, Pos. DL = 0.013 + 2 * 0.0833* 0.003
Cb, Pos. DL = 0.0135
Mb, Pos. DL = 0.0135 (5.404)(4.8)²
Mb, Pos. DL = 1.6809 kN
(b) LL
Cb, Pos. LL = 0.016 + 2 * 0.0833* 0.004
Cb, Pos. LL = 0.016667
Mb, Pos. LL = 0.016667(4.08)(4.8)²
Mb, Pos. LL = 1.5667 kN
(c) Mb, Pos. = 1.6809 + 1.5667 = 3.2476 kN
(iii) M Neg. @ Discontinuous edge
1
= (3.2476)
3
= 1.0825 kN
B.) Column Strip
2
(i) M = (5.4263)
3
M = 3.6175 kn
2
(ii) M = (3.2476)
3
M = 2.1651kn
2
(iii) M = (1.0825)
3
M = 0.72167 kn
NOTE :
Two - way : the short direction have greater moment than the long direction
Ab
s=
d
Smax in two - way (See NSCP p. 4 - 62 Art. 413.4.2)
Smax FOR SLABS
One - Way Two - Way
Short (direction) 3h or 450 mm 2h or 450 mm
Long (direction) 5h or 450 mm 2h or 450 mm
in compression zone 5h or 450 mm
DESIGN SINGLY
SHORT DIRECTION:
LONG DIRECTION:
a.) Neg. M @ conti nuous edge
kN - m
Mu = 9.4454
m
ρ mi n = fc' or 1.4 = 23 or 1.4
4fy fy 4(276) 276
ρ mi n = 0.004344or 0.00507
ρ mi n = 0.00507
fy 276
m= =
0.85 fc' 0.85(23)
m = 14.118
Mu
x=
φ bd²fy
LONG DIRECTION
d = 62 mm
Neg. M @ cont. edge Positive Moment Neg. M @ discont. Edge
Mu 5.4263 3.2476 1.0825
x 0.00568 0.003401 0.001134
Req'd ρ 0.00593 0.003487 0.001143
Use ρ 0.00593 0.004649 0.001524
Req'd S 307.73 392.74 1197.046
Use S 200 200 200
x = Mu = 9.4454 x 10 Nmm
bd ²fy 0.90(1000)(74)²(276)
x = 0.00694
Req' d = 1 - 1 - 2mx
m
=1- 1 - 2(14.118)(0.00694)
14.118
Req' d = 0.00732 mi n
. : . Use = 0.00732
Req' d S = Ab = π / 4(12)²
d 0.00732(74)
Req' d S = 208.79 mm
Compare :
Smax = a) 2h = 2 x 100 = 200 mm
b) 450 = 450 mm
c) Ab = π 4(12)²
gh 0.002 x 100
= 565.48 mm
l ower govern : Smax = 200 mm
Note :
ρ mi n Req' d ρ
4
Use : ρ vs ρ mi n (smal l ergoverns)
3
SHORT DIRECTION
d = 74 mm
Neg. M @ cont. edge Positive Moment Neg. M @ discont. Edge
Mu 9.4454 5.8061 1.9354
x 0.00694 0.00427 0.0014228
Req'd ρ 0.00732 0.00441 0.0014374
Use ρ 0.00732 0.00507 0.00191651
Req'd S 208.79 301.448 797.4654
Use S 200 200 200
MIDAS Information Technology Co., Ltd
■ MEMBER NAME : S01
1. General Information
(1) Design Code : ACI318M-11
(2) Code Unit : N, mm
2. Material
(1) F'c : 21.00MPa
(2) Fy : 275MPa
Ly
Lx/4 Ly - Lx/2 Lx/4
y
x
B1
Lx/4
Y1
Y2
Lx/2
Lx
Y3
B3
B4
Lx/4
B2
X1 X2X3
3. Design Load
(1) Dead Load : 3.000KPa
(2) Live Load : 1.900KPa
4. Section Size
(1) Span( X ) : 5.000m
(2) Span( Y ) : 6.000m
(3) Thickness : 130mm
(4) Cover : 20.00mm
(5) Use clear span : Yes
5. Slab Type & Support
(1) Slab Type : 2-Way Slab
(2) Support Type : Case-2
(3) Boundary Beams : B1 : 250 x 500 / B2 : 250 x 500 / B3 : 250 x 500 / B4 : 250 x 500
6. Calculation Summary
(1) Check Thickness of Slab
Category Value Criteria Ratio Note
Minimum Thickness Required ( mm ) 130 122 0.940
(2) Calculate Moment & Shear ( X Direction )
Category Value Criteria Ratio Note
Moment Capacity ( Top ) ( kN·m ) 9.348 10.62 0.881
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Moment Capacity ( Middle ) ( kN·m ) 4.697 8.839 0.531
Moment Capacity ( Bottom ) ( kN·m ) 9.348 10.62 0.881
Shear Capacity ( Top ) ( kN ) 10.79 60.76 0.178
Shear Capacity ( Middle ) ( kN ) 0.000 61.35 0.000
Shear Capacity ( Bottom ) ( kN ) 10.79 60.76 0.178
(3) Calculate Moment & Shear ( Y Direction )
Category Value Criteria Ratio Note
Moment Capacity ( Left ) ( kN·m ) 6.384 9.351 0.683
Moment Capacity ( Center ) ( kN·m ) 3.184 7.975 0.399
Moment Capacity ( Right ) ( kN·m ) 6.384 9.351 0.683
Shear Capacity ( Left ) ( kN ) 6.032 53.75 0.112
Shear Capacity ( Center ) ( kN ) 0.000 55.51 0.000
Shear Capacity ( Right ) ( kN ) 6.032 53.75 0.112
7. Determine the design type of slab
(1) Calculate span ratio [ Use clear span ]
ㆍ Lx = 4.750m
ㆍ Ly = 5.750m
ㆍ Span Ratio( Lx / Ly ) = 0.826 > = 0.5 -> 2-Way Slab
8. Check Load
(1) Calculate factored load
ㆍ LCB01 = 4.200KPa ( 1.4D )
ㆍ LCB02 = 6.640KPa ( 1.2D+1.6L )
ㆍ ωu = 6.640KPa
9. Check Thickness of Slab
Calculation Summary ( Check Thickness of Slab )
Category Value Criteria Ratio Note
Minimum Thickness Required ( mm ) 130 122 0.940
Minimum Thickness Required 0.94
0.00 0.10 0.20 0.30 0.40 0.50 0.60 0.70 0.80 0.90 1.00 1.10 1.20 1.30 1.40 1.50
(1) Calculate factors
ㆍ β = lny / lnx = 1.211
ㆍ αm = 4.606 ( α1 = 5.025, α2 = 5.025, α3 = 4.188, α4 = 4.188 )
(2) Calculate minimum thickness required
ln ( 0.8 + ( fy / 1400 ) )
ㆍ hreq = 36 + 9β = 122mm
ㆍ h = 130mm > hreq = 122mm → O.K
10. Check Capacity of Slab
(1) Calculate Moment & Shear [ Direction X ]
Calculation Summary ( Calculate Moment & Shear ( X Direction ) )
Category Value Criteria Ratio Note
Moment Capacity ( Top ) ( kN·m ) 9.348 10.62 0.881
Moment Capacity ( Middle ) ( kN·m ) 4.697 8.839 0.531
Moment Capacity ( Bottom ) ( kN·m ) 9.348 10.62 0.881
Shear Capacity ( Top ) ( kN ) 10.79 60.76 0.178
Shear Capacity ( Middle ) ( kN ) 0.000 61.35 0.000
Shear Capacity ( Bottom ) ( kN ) 10.79 60.76 0.178
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Moment Capacity ( Top ) 0.88
Moment Capacity ( Middle ) 0.53
Moment Capacity ( Bottom ) 0.88
Shear Capacity ( Top ) 0.18
Shear Capacity ( Middle ) 0.00
Shear Capacity ( Bottom ) 0.18
0.00 0.10 0.20 0.30 0.40 0.50 0.60 0.70 0.80 0.90 1.00 1.10 1.20 1.30 1.40 1.50
Check Items TOP MIDDLE BOTTOM
Bar-1 D12@450 - D12@450
Bar-2 D10@450 D10@450 D10@450
Bar-3 D10@450 D10@450 D10@450
Moment Coefficient ( DL ) 0.000 0.0250 0.000
Moment Coefficient ( LL ) 0.000 0.0389 0.000
Moment Coefficient ( FL ) 0.0624 0.000 0.0624
Shear Coefficient 0.684 0.000 0.684
Mu ( kN·m/m ) 9.348 4.697 9.348
Vu ( kN/m ) 10.79 0.000 10.79
øMn ( kN·m/m ) 10.62 8.839 10.62
øVn ( kN/m ) 60.76 61.35 60.76
Mu / øMn 0.881 0.531 0.881
Vu / øVn 0.178 0.000 0.178
(2) Calculate Moment & Shear [ Direction Y ]
Calculation Summary ( Calculate Moment & Shear ( Y Direction ) )
Category Value Criteria Ratio Note
Moment Capacity ( Left ) ( kN·m ) 6.384 9.351 0.683
Moment Capacity ( Center ) ( kN·m ) 3.184 7.975 0.399
Moment Capacity ( Right ) ( kN·m ) 6.384 9.351 0.683
Shear Capacity ( Left ) ( kN ) 6.032 53.75 0.112
Shear Capacity ( Center ) ( kN ) 0.000 55.51 0.000
Shear Capacity ( Right ) ( kN ) 6.032 53.75 0.112
Moment Capacity ( Left ) 0.68
Moment Capacity ( Center ) 0.40
Moment Capacity ( Right ) 0.68
Shear Capacity ( Left ) 0.11
Shear Capacity ( Center ) 0.00
Shear Capacity ( Right ) 0.11
0.00 0.10 0.20 0.30 0.40 0.50 0.60 0.70 0.80 0.90 1.00 1.10 1.20 1.30 1.40 1.50
Check Items LEFT CENTER RIGHT
Bar-1 D12@450 - D12@450
Bar-2 D10@450 D10@450 D10@450
Bar-3 D10@450 D10@450 D10@450
Moment Coefficient ( DL ) 0.000 0.0115 0.000
Moment Coefficient ( LL ) 0.000 0.0180 0.000
Moment Coefficient ( FL ) 0.0291 0.000 0.0291
Shear Coefficient 0.316 0.000 0.316
Mu ( kN·m/m ) 6.384 3.184 6.384
Vu ( kN/m ) 6.032 0.000 6.032
øMn ( kN·m/m ) 9.351 7.975 9.351
øVn ( kN/m ) 53.75 55.51 53.75
Mu / øMn 0.683 0.399 0.683
Vu / øVn 0.112 0.000 0.112
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