International Journal of Plants and Animal Sciences ISSN 2756-388X Vol.10 (1), pp.001, March, 2022.
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Commentary
Note on translocation activity in plants
Venkat Babu*
Department of Agriculture, South Valley University, Qena, Egypt.
Received: 24-Feb-2022, Manuscript No. IJPAS-22-54650; Editor assigned: 26-Feb-2022, PreQC No IJPAS-22-54650 (PQ); Reviewed: 12-
Mar-2022, QC No. IJPAS-22-54650; Revised: 17-Mar-2022, Manuscript No. IJPAS-22-54650 (R); Published: 24-Mar-2022.
DESCRIPTION Water on the surface of the cells of the spongy mesophyll
and palisade mesophyll evaporates and diffuses out of the leaf
Translocation is a plant activity that transports nutrients and when the plant opens its stomata to let in carbon dioxide. This
other substances over great distances within the organism. The is referred to as transpiration.
phloem pathway, or phloem transport system, is the major food- To replace the water lost from the leaves, water is collected
conducting tissue in vascular plants, and translocation happens from the cells in the xylem. Evaporation from the leaves pulls
within a sequence of cells known as the phloem pathway, or a continuous column of water up the stem in the transpiration
phloem transport system. Nutrients are trans-located as solutes stream. Water is replaced by water taken up by the roots as it
in a fluid termed phloem sap in the phloem. flows through the xylem in the stem and leaf.
Sugars, amino acids, and minerals are the most commonly Although transpiration is an unavoidable side effect of
trans-located nutrients, with sugar being the most concentrated photosynthesis, it has a purpose, carries mineral ions, cools
solute in the phloem sap. These nutrients are used by various the leaf when water evaporates, keeps the cells turgid, which
cell types to meet their daily needs or to store them for later supports leaves and herbaceous (non-woody) plants.
use. Translocation is crucial for achieving optimal crop yield
because it is responsible for delivering nutrients to developing In the green sections of plants, which are usually leaves,
seeds and fruits. It also takes into account the eventual photosynthesis produces glucose. After that, it’s turned into
nutritional composition of vital plant foods for humans. sucrose. In phloem vessels, sucrose is carried across the plant.
It must be able to reach all of the plant’s cells in order for
Translocation also transports plant hormones, proteins, and the sucrose to be converted back to glucose for respiration.
nucleic acids throughout the plant. Hormones operate as cues Translocation is the transport of sucrose and other compounds
or signals, causing distant cells to change their growth patterns such as amino acids around a plant. This occurs in general
or tweak their cellular machinery. The conversion of vegetative between the places where these substances are produced
growing cells into reproductive tissues an improvement in root (sources) and the places where they are utilised or kept (sinks),
cells’ ability to absorb needed mineral ions from the soil (e.g., In early spring, from sources in the root to sinks in the leaves,
iron, zinc); or the synthesis of specific compounds in distant In the summer, from sources in the leaves to sinks in the root.
leaves to deter pathogens are examples of such signalling
events. Plants can accurately recognise and adapt to shifting In the face of global climate change, translocation efforts
conditions or obstacles in their environment thanks to the are likely to become more frequent and larger. Translocations,
translocation of information molecules. on the other hand, have a low success record in the past and
cost a lot of money.
*Corresponding author. Venkat Babu, E-mail: [email protected].
