University of Science and Technology of Southern Philippines
Alubijid | Balubal | Cagayan de Oro | Claveria | Jasaan | Oroquieta | Panaon
ES 208 Differential Equations
Midterm Exam
Instructor: Engr. Allain Jessel Macas
Name: ___________________________ Date: ___________________
Section: __________________________
Instruction:
I. Identification (3 pts each). Identify what is being asked and write it on the space provided
before the number.
Degree 1. This is the largest power or exponent of the highest-ordered
derivative present in a differential equation.
Wronskian 2. The determinant of a set of functions that determines if the said
functions are linearly dependent or independent.
Newton’s Law of 3. States that the rate of change of the temperature of the body
Cooling immersed in a medium with constant temperature is proportional
to the difference in temperature between the body and the medium.
True 4. True or False: The differential equation 2y’ + xy = 0 is variable
separable.
Polynomial/Linear 5. Linear combination of differential operators of order n to order 0.
Differential Operator
False 6. True or False: The fundamental set of solutions of a homogeneous
linear DE of order n is linearly dependent.
Half-life 7. This refers to the time required for any decaying quantity to
reduce by half.
Differential Equation 8. An equation that expresses a relationship between a variable and
its derivative.
True 9. True or False: xy’’ + y’ + 2y = 0 is a homogeneous linear
differential equation of order 2.
Linear Independent 10. If the linear combination of a set of functions does not have a set
of constants that will result to 0, then the functions are said to be
__________.
II. Multiple Choice (3 pts each). Encircle the letter of the correct answer.
1. What is the order of the differential equation y’’ + (y’)3 = 4y?
a. 1 b. 2 c. 3 d. 4
2. The Wronskian of the set of functions {sin x, cos x, ex, 0} is:
a. – 2ex b. 2ex c. 0 d. ex
3. Which differential equation has a solution of y = ex?
a. y’ – y = 0 b. y’ + y = 0 c. y’’ + y = ex d. y’’ – y = ex
4. Identify what type of ODE is xy’ – 2y = x3sin2x
a. Homogeneous b. Exact c. Linear d. Bernoulli’s
University of Science and Technology of Southern Philippines
Alubijid | Balubal | Cagayan de Oro | Claveria | Jasaan | Oroquieta | Panaon
5. The general solution of a nonhomogeneous differential equation is y = c1ex + c2xex – x2.
What is the complementary solution?
a. x2 b. – x2 c. c1ex d. c1ex + c2xex
6. What is the particular solution of the differential equation y’ = 2sin x if y(0) = 1?
a. y = 2cos x – 1 b. y = – 2cos x + 3 c. y = – 2cos x – 1 d. y = 2cos x + 3
7. Given the differential equation: y’’’ + 4y’’ + 3y’ + y = e2x, what is its linear differential
operator?
a. D3 + 4D2 + 3D b. D3 + D4 + 3D c. D3 + 4D2 + 3D+1 d. 4D2 + 3D+1
8. Bacteria are placed in a nutrient solution at time t = 0 and allowed to multiply. Under
conditions of plentiful food and space, the bacteria population grows at a rate proportional
to the population (P). Derive a differential equation for the approximate number of
bacteria present at any time t.
a. P = e-kt b. P = P0 – ekt c. P = P0 + ekt d. P = P0ekt
9. Test the linearity of the set of functions {x, sin x, 1} by solving for the Wronskian.
a. 0, linearly b. 0, linearly c. – sin x, linearly d. sin x, linearly
dependent independent independent independent
10. A body of mass 4 lbm falls (at rest) from a medium whose resisting force is numerically
equal to 0.03v where v is the velocity in ft/s. What is differential equation model?
a. v’+0.0075v=9.81 b. v’+0.0075v=32.2 c. v’+133.3v=9.81 d. v’+133.3v=32.2
III. Problem Solving (10 pts each). Write your complete solution and answer on a separate booklet
provided for you. Box your final answer.
1. Solve the general solution of the differential equation: (x2 + y2 + 3)dx + 2xydy = 0
2. A pork tenderloin has reached a temperature of 70℃ in an oven. It is pulled out and
allowed to cool in a room of temperature 20℃. After 20 minutes, the roast has a
temperature of 60℃. How much longer will it take for the roast to cool to 45℃?
3. A tank contains 500 L of brine with 15 kg of dissolved salt. Pure water enters the tank at a
rate of 10 L/min. The solution is kept thoroughly mixed and drains from the tank at the
same rate. How much salt is in the tank after 2 hours?
4. Solve the general solution of the differential equation using differential operator:
y'’ + 2y’ + y = x2e-x
“The best way to predict your future is to create it.” – Abraham Lincoln
+4+3)
9.(x dx
iii)
2xyd
+ EQUATE F
TEST FOR EXACTNESS:
+xp+2xth1) 4
*
= + gx
h(n) = 0
⑧M-N 9 (x) =
= +3x
i) iv.) SOU'N:
N of
GENERAL
= (x+y[43)
3 +xy"
of zy +O
=>
#
+3x+2=0
EXACT
&N =
ff (2xy)
=
24
i)
F = M
SoF=f(x++2) Ox
F =
x + x4 +3x +hn)
oF = N
SOF =32xy Oy
F (2x)(f)
=
+g(x
F = x 42 +g(x)
② GIVEN:
To = 70°C
Tm = 20°C
kt
1)
T =
Tm + (To -Tm) e iii) @t =?T=45°C
(70-20) eRt
0.012t
-
T 20 +
=
45= 20 + 50e
t
50e
T
= 20 + - 0.0112t
25 = 50 e
i) @ t = 20 mins, T= 60
In (2) = -0.012t
k(20)
the
-
60 = 20 + 50e
t =
-
20K
40 = 50e
z 61.89 mins.
z20K
=
&
&IT
In (1) =-20K TAKES 61.89 mins.
FOR THE ROAST TO COOL
b =
-f TO 45°C.
K = 0.0112
-
0.0112 t
·T =
20 + 50e
9.
GIVEN:
v= 10 min 12 = 10 2/min
S = 0 kg / L S2=
I
PURE WATER
if iii) at=2hrs
o 120 mins, 9 =
=
= US1-resz
Conto) to (120)
0.02
(0)
-
Q
-
·
= I5e
= -
0.02 Q
Q = 1.36
lig
&@@ -0.02 = at & AMOUNT OF SALT
LEFT AFTER 2 HRS.
In Q =
-
0.025 + C
-
0.027+ C
Q e
=
@
= c eoozt
ii) 9t =
0, x= 15kg
15 =
c =0.02Co)
c
= 15
- 0.02 L
·
Q = 15e
⑭y"+zy' +
y
=
fet
fe
1) Diy iii) (D+1) y
=
2 U
+ by
=
+ y
(D" + 2D + 1) y = eX
(et
1x+c) y =
(ex +c, ex
(D+1) (D+ 1) y =
LET (DH1) y = n UNG
* by +y =
e+cE
↓
·ex Q(K)
*
(D+1 n = 2
LINEAR DU + U = xe* yeSP(xidx =JQCX)eSPHdX ax
IN "'
ocs dx
ii) neSPCx7dx
=)@Cx) eSPaYdx yesax) (e+22x) edax
Ue
say
=S(xeY)eS*dy yet =
fettiet) ex
(*)ax
=S***)
"
+c)
ue
= ex
Sxidy =
5(*) + ex+c,
- +C,
e+9xe"+cze
"
Re +<e*
=
3
n =
*
GENERAL SOUN
