EEE-2103: Electronic Devices and
Circuits
Dept. of Computer Science and Engineering
University of Dhaka
Prof. Sazzad M.S. Imran, PhD
Dept. of Electrical and Electronic Engineering
sazzadmsi.webnode.com
Half-Wave Rectifier Power Supply
Capacitor filter circuit:
Smoothing circuit or filter
to convert series of +ve/-ve half-cycles to dc voltage.
When D1 is forward biased, C1 is charged to
Peak capacitor voltage
VC = Vpi – VF
When D1 is reverse biased, C1 is discharged
slowly through RL.
Charge and discharge of C1 cause small increase
and decrease in VC =
Output is direct voltage with small ripple.
Half-Wave Rectifier Power Supply
Quantities of circuit output voltage waveform
Eo(ave) = average dc output voltage
Eo(max) = maximum output voltage θ1 = phase angle of input wave from zero to Eo(min)
Eo(min) = minimum output voltage θ2 = phase angle of input wave from Eo(min) to Eo(max)
Vr = ripple voltage peak-to-peak amplitude
T = time period of ac input waveform Assumption t1 >> t2
t1 = capacitor discharge time
t2 = capacitor charge time Reservoir capacitor value C1 = ILt1/Vr
IL = load current
Half-Wave Rectifier Power Supply
Problem-7:
Determine the peak-to-peak ripple voltage for a half-wave rectifier and filter circuit which
has a 680 μF reservoir capacitor, an average output of 28 V, and a 200 Ω load resistance.
Frequency of the ac input waveform is assumed to be 60 Hz.
Load current, IL = Eo(ave)/RL = 28/200 = 140 mA
Time period of ac input waveform, T = 1/f = 1/60 = 16.7 ms
Capacitor discharge time, t1 ≈ T = 16.7 ms
Peak-to-peak ripple voltage, Vr = ILt1/C1 = (140×10-3×16.7×10-3)/680×10-6 ≈ 3.4 V
Half-Wave Rectifier Power Supply
Problem-8:
A half-wave rectifier dc power supply is to provide 20 V to a 500 Ω load as shown in Fig. 8.
The peak-to-peak ripple voltage is not to exceed 10% of the average output voltage, and the
ac input frequency is 60 Hz. Calculate the required reservoir capacitance.
Time period of ac input waveform, T = 1/f = 1/60 = 16.7 ms
Capacitor discharge time, t1 ≈ T = 16.7 ms
Peak-to-peak ripple voltage, Vr = 10% of Eo(ave)
= 20×10/100 = 2 V
Load current, IL = Eo(ave)/RL = 20/500 = 40 mA
Reservoir capacitor value
C1 = ILt1/Vr = (40×10-3×16.7×10-3)/2
= 334 μF (use 330 μF standard value)
Full-Wave Rectifier Power Supply
Convert output waveform to dc voltage.
Reservoir capacitor smooth output voltage.
Surge-limiting resistor protects
diodes.
Reservoir capacitance, C1 = ILt1/Vr
Repetitive current, IFRM = IL(t1+t2)/t2
Each pair of diodes conducts during alternate half-cycle.
Average forward current for each diode, IF(ave) = IL/2
Assumption t1 >> t2
t1 = T/2 – t2 ≈ T/2
Full-Wave Rectifier Power Supply
Problem-9:
The full-wave rectifier dc power supply in Fig. 9 is to supply 20 V to a 500 Ω load. The peak-
to-peak ripple voltage is not to exceed 10% of the average output voltage, and the ac input
frequency is 60 Hz. Calculate the required reservoir capacitor value.
Time period of ac input waveform, T = 1/f = 1/60 = 16.7 ms
Capacitor discharge time, t1 ≈ T/2 = 16.7/2 = 8.35 ms
Peak-to-peak ripple voltage, Vr = 10% of Eo(ave)
= 20×10/100 = 2 V
Load current, IL = Eo(ave)/RL = 20/500 = 40 mA
Reservoir capacitor value
C1 = ILt1/Vr = (40×10-3×8.35×10-3)/2
= 167 μF (use 150 μF standard value)
