17 Data Handling

Let's Recall
Bar graphs are the pictorial representationof
data (generally grouped), in the form of vertical 35

or horizontal rectangular bars,where the length 30

JIwnN
ajdoadfo
of bars is proportional to the measure of data. 25

20
For example, the bar graph shows the number 15
of people and their favourite fruit. 10

From the given graph, we can interpret that 5

35 people like apples, 30 people like oranges, Apple orange

Banang

Ksw

10 people like bananas and 25 people like

kiwi fruit.

Let's Warm-up
The number of stamps that Kavya, Jishnu and Rehan have are shown below in the form
of abar graph. Read the graph and answer sorme questions.
Stamp Collection of 3 Students
60
ltenN
sdweis jo 50

40

30

20-4
56+25+25 - 50
10

Kavya Jishnu Rehan

Name

1 Who has the highest number of stamps in their collection?

2 Whohas an equal number of stampsas Jishnu?
Rahon
8 Who has half of the total number of stamps?
4 What is the total number of stamps that the three children have?
6 How many more stamps does Kavya have than Rehan? 50-25r2 5

Iscored out of 5.
 Bar Graphs
Real Life
Connect
Rohan conducted a survey to find out
the favourite outdoor activities of
his classmates. He asked 4O classmates
and recorded their answers in the form
of a bar graph.

Reading and Drawing Bar Graphs

Interpreting Bar Graphs
The bar graph shown below was prepared by Rohan. Let us try to read and answer a Tew
questions based on the bar graph.

Remember!
When data is represented using vertical rectangular bars they are called vertical bar graphs.

ofNo. 16|
How many students chose football as their favourite Students
14
sport?
10
The number of students who chose football is 10.
6
2 What is the favourite sport of the most students?
2
The longest bar is that of cricket (green line), hence
the favourite sport of the most students is cricket. Footbal Cricket Cycling Racing
Sport
The same data can be shown using horizontal bar
graphs.

Racing

Sport Think and Tell

Cycling
Does drawing the bars
Cricket horizontally make any
difference to the data? No
Football

6 8 10 12 14 16
No. of Students

We saw that bar graphs are used to read thne data oT agroup. But do you know that bar
graphs can also be used to compare twO ata groups? It can be done with the help of
double bar graphs.
Chapter 17 " Data Handling 271
 Blue barsshow t Red bars show

the favourite the favourite sport

sport of boys. 8 of girls.
7
6

Remember!
3
2
We read double bar graphs
1 in the same way we read
Foootball Cricket Cycling Racing single bar graphs.
Boys a Girls
Let us read the double bar graph shown above and answer some questions.
Howmany students liked cycling?
Number of girls who like cycling = 5; Number of boys who like cycling = 3
So, the total number of students who like cycling = 5 +3= 8 students.
The marks of a student in different subjects are shown in the bar graph. Read the
graph and answer the questions. 100
90
How many marks did the student score Scored
Marks80
inScience? 65 70
60
50
What is the difference of the marks
40
SCored in French and the marks scored 30

in Economics? 75-70 = 5 marks 20

10
0
S In whichsubject were the highest marks French English Maths Science Economics
Scored? Maths Subject
Do 1&
Together Read this bar graph. It shows the runs scored by two players indifferent matches.
Then, answer the questions.
0
80
What is the score of player 2 in match 4?
70

60

50 What is the total score of player 1 in match

40

30
BPlayer 1
2 and 3? 60+45- 95
Player 2
20
What is the total score of player 2
10
throughout the 5 matches? 40+85 430
Match Match 2 Match 3 Match 4 Match 5
+10+ 60
Matches -235
runs

Drawing Bar Graphs A Error Alert!

Rohan now tries tofind the favourite subject of his Look at the correct bar while
answering the question.
classmates. He first writes the data in tabular form.

(272 Uolo
 Subject English Hindi Maths Science
Number of Students 10 13

Let us help him draw a bar graph for the data.

Step 1: Draw a vertical and horizontal line as Step2: Mark the horizontal line with subjects and
shown below. Choose a scale as 1 unit = 2students. vertical line with numbers at fixed intervals so that
all the readings can be marked on the graph.

Step 3: Draw rectangular bars for all subjects The same graph can be drawn by interchanging the
adjacent to each other. Remember the height of the data on the x andy axis as shown below.
bar will match the number given in the table.
144
Science

Maths
8
6 Hindi

English
2
0 6 8 10 12 14
English Hindi Maths Science No. of Students
Subject

a horizontal bar graph

Eremple 2 Read the table showing the favourite fruit of 57 children. Draw
usingthe data.
No. of Children Grapes
Fruit

Grapes 20 Bananas

Bananas 12
Apples
10
Apples
15 Mangoes.
Mangoes 10 15 20 25
Number of Children

organisation is given below. Complete the bar araph.

The number of trees planted by an
Do
Together
350
Year Number of Trees Planted 300

2012 120 250

200
2013 150
150
2014 200 100

2015 220 50

300 0
2016 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016
Year

(273)
Chapter 17 " DataHandling
 Do It Yourself 17A
60

The bar graph represents the number of

50
students in different sections of Grade 5 of Students
ofNo.
a school. 40

Which section has the least and most number of 30

students? lrast yA- 30s10 dos 2 20

most = V-c = 50 S olots 10

Read the bar graph that shows the number of animals in V-A V V-C V-D
a village. Fillin the blanks. Class

a The number of cows in the village was Horse

Animal
55 Buffalo

b There were 20 more butfa than Cow

horse in the village.
Goat
C The animal that had the least number
was the_harre. 10 20 30 40 50 60

Number of Animals

3 The students of Grade5 conducted a "Green Choices" project where they collected data on the
number of plastic bottles recycled over 5 days.
Day 1-20; Day 2--15; Day 3-18; Day 4-25; Day 5--22
Create a horizontal bar graph to represent the data.
The fifth-grade students at Green Valley Elementary School conducteda survey to find their
favourite
book genres. They asked 60 students to choose their favourite genres, and
they wanted to create a
bar graph to represent the results. Here's the data they collected:
Mystery Adventure Fantasy Science Fiction Historical Fiction
18students 15 students 12 students 10 students 5 students
Create a bar graph to represent this data.
5 The number of carnival tickets sold to adults and
children on certain days of a week are shown on the
bar graph. Read the graph and answer the questions.
a What is the difference ofthe tickets sold to 75-40 -35
children on Sunday and those sold on Friday? 180
ofPeople
Number
160
b What is the total number of tickets sold 140
I00+304042
throughout the four days? 060 + 160+ 3s
120
100
C What is the difference of the Adult
tickets sold to adults 80 Child
on Friday and the tickets sold to children on 60
40
Sunday? I|0- 45 35 20

d How many more tickets were sold on Sunday as

compared to Saturday? Sun- l60+ 75 = 235 Day of the Week

(274/ Uolo
D= 35
 Favourlte Subjects
Look at the ple chart. Rhea and her classmates Hindl
Hindi
were asked about their favourlte subjects. Art
English unglish
If 72 students were surveyed, how many students Maths
voted for Art? IVS
1 EVS
The pie chart shows that of the students voted for Maths Art
4
Art as their favourite subject.

Hence, number of students who voted for art = of 72 = x72 = 18 students.

n The pie chart below shows how a familyspends Its monthly Income. Use the chart to
Together
answer the questions. Expenses
What isthe largest expense of the Others 0
family? Entertainment
Rent Rent
Blls
On comparing the fractions, Food
3
Entertalnment
10 3
Food 10 OtherS
Hence, fertis the largest expense in
the family. Bills t0
If the famly's total monthly Income is 25,000, how much is spent on rent and bills
combined? 5t o
Total fraction of amount spent on rent.
x 25 O00 I12,500
If the family decides to cut thelr entertainment expenses by half,what fraction will
they be spending on entertainment?

Representing Data on a Pie Chart

Remember Jaya, Shreya and their mother sharing an apple pie? After some days, they
prepared some laddoos to distribute among the needy people. Father also helped them.
Below isa table showing the number of laddoo boxes filled by each member.
Name Mother Father Jaya Shreya
Number of Boxes Flled 2 3 1

To draw a pie chart, we must know how to represent fractions on a circle. We first find
the angle of each data category using the fraction.
We knowthat a circle makes an angle of 360° and a pie chart 0s acircular graph that is
used to represent data in terms of fractions or quantities. To represent the data on a pie
chart, we follow the steps.

276 Uolo
278
2 1 event.

C b byThe b aRiya. The

c
take If Ifstudentssnacks/food,
Which Ifreceives If What
theretravel there pie Food
goes shemoney? pie Do
she
the chart chart It
mode decidestowards activity
rickshaw are byare to Yourself
bicycle? represents shows
200 students
200 in travel
of how savings?
to 100 consumes
students the
to transport to
muchspend 17B
school? school. the as uses
%x pocket
only 4 the
in different money
is of
the school,
howthe the 10 1 x largest pocket
200=
school, money,
l00
least is of
modes that her = portion money
200 how preferred? approximately? 25how
pocket
S0 of
many students
many much managed
of
transport
money her
students W money pocket
alKin by
0 used on
Lx00

Rickshaw Stationery
l0
Bus BFood
Saving
walk n
Bicycle 10 1
Transport
Modes of
Bicycle Stationery
Expenses
Rickshaw

Uol Saving
wa Bus
 recorded the time he spends on different activities during a day over the weekend. Here is
the
B Rohan
data he collected:
Playing:3 hours Studying:4 hours Reading:3 hours
Watching TV: 2 hours
a Find the fractions and angles for the data. b Drawapie chart and label the data.

Aschool cafeteria serves the following items for lunch:

Curd rice: 25 Salad: 20 Pulav: 15 Veg soup: 10 Mixed juice: 30
Create a pie chart to represent the lunch choices.
Read the pie chart showing the data for 200 students and Subject
answer the questions. -Science
Music
a If there are 200 students in total, how many students are 9
60 40
interested in Maths? 0*
Maths
b If40 students are interested in Science, what fraction of
Sports’
the total students does this represent? 2 00 11
in? Zpor 40
C Which subject are the most students interested EVS
what fraction of
d If 10 students are interested in EVS, Sports Music
Sciernce Maths EVS

the students are interested in EVS? 200

Word Problem
sports. The results
were asked about their favourite
In a survey of 60students, they enjoy
students like soccer, 12 students prefer basketball, 10 students
are as follows: 15 this data.
the rest are into tennis. Create a pie chart to represent
Swimming, and

Line Graphs
small library
brother love reading books. They have a
lle Neha and her
get books from family and friends. Both
even
at their house. They books in the year 2018. They recorded
reading
the siblings started years.
read by them across the
the number of books

Reading Line Graphs

Neha's father put the data in the Books
of
Number
50
45
form of a line graph.
lines to connect
A line graph uses
individual data points.
the
Study the graph and answer 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022
Year
questions.

Chapter 17 " Data Handling

(279)
 In which year did the siblings read the most books?
To find the greatest number of books, look at the
peak of the given line graph. Nowsee the year Remember!
corresponding to the peak. Read the data corresponding
to both the x and y axis.
Hence, 45 is the greatest number of books read by
the siblings in the year 2020.
How many books did the siblings read in 2021?
Looking at the corresponding data for 2021, the siblings read 40 books in this year.
How many books did the siblings read in total for these 5years?
To find the number of books read in each year, look at the corresponding data for
each year.
Hence, the total number of books read across 5years =25 +30+45 +40 +40 =180
books.

Do RGiven below is a line graph that shows the annual food grain production (in tons)
Together
from 1992 to 1997. Read the graph and fill in the blanks.
120
Production
(in
tons) The production of food grain in the year
100 1992 was 20 tons.
80
The highest production of food grain
60
was in the year q94
40 3 The difference in production between
20
the year 1995 and the year 1993 was
10-40 =30 tonS
1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 4 The total production across the years =
Year
20+4 t 50+10+60 tlo0 240 on

Do It Yourself 17C)

The graph shows Kavya's internet usage 2 The line graph shows the number of persons
across five days. who visited different cities on a certain day.
10
Hours
of
Number Name the cities visited by the most and least
number of people.
900
800
700
600
6 500
400
300
Mon Tues Wed Thurs Fri 200
100
Day 0
Chennai Goa Pune Kolkata Delhi
Onwhich days did she spend the highest City
number of hours on the internet?
On wed Thwsdoy Most - Pune
(280) Uolo
Last- Goa
 The line graph represents the weekly 4 Rahul drew a line graph to show the sales of
temperature readings (in °C) in a city for guitars
Sold over the course of six years.
five weeks. Study the graph carefully 1000
Guitars
900
and answer the questions.
°Cin
Temperature 800
12 700
10
of 600
Number
500
400
6
300
200
2 100
0
Week 1 Week 2 Week 3 Week 4 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021
Week 5 2016
Week Year

20)
What was the temperature recorded a In which year did Rahul sell 700 quitars?
duringthe second week? 8 b How many guitars were sold inthe year
b Inwhich week was the highest 2021? 800
temperature recorded? Week c In which year was the least number of
CWhat was the temperature difference-g e guitarssold? 2 O)
between the first and the last week?
5 The graph shows the runs SCored by a cricketer across various matches. Read the line graph and
answer the questions. Scored
Runs
a Inwhich match/es did the cricketer hit a 120
century? matehe h6 100
80

)0run b What is the lowest score of the cricketer?

60

C How many times did the cricketer score 20

0
Match 1 Match 2 Match 3 Match 4 Match 5 Match6 Match 7
less than a century? 6neJ Matches
d What is the total number of runs scored
30+ 00+ )0 + o - l60
by the cricketer inthe initialfour matches?

Word Problem
10
thousands)
Mohit's father runs a clothing factory. The
total sale of clothes from the factory is 8

the
shown. Read the graph and answer Sales
(in
5
questions.
L

a In which month did the

factory sell 8000
items of clothing? AprL 1
factory sell the
b In which month did the
0
April May June July August
most, and how many, items? uqut Month

between the sales

C What is the difference
G000- 200O
of April and July? 8000-

Chapter 17 " Data Handling K281

 Points to Remember

A bar graph is a way to represent data using bars of different lengths. Each bar
represents a category, and the height of the bar corresponds tothe quantity or value
of that category.
Apie chart helps represent data visually and shows how different parts relate to the whole.
Aline graph uses lines to connect individual data points.

Math Lab
Setting: In groups of 5
Materials required: Chart paper or whiteboard,
Coloured pencils or markers, Protractor, Ruler,
Sheets with different sets of data

Method:
Each group gets a chance to choose a sheet having
different sets of data.

The groups start analysing the data and putting the data in the form of bar graphs and pie charts.
The group that is the first toput all the data correctly in both types of graphs, wins!

Chapter Checkup
Anorganisation conducted asurvey on pets to find the favourite pets in a certain locality. They asked
60families about their preferences and created a bar graph to represent the results.
Look at the data and fill in the blanks. 16 1
Number
ofFamilies
14
a 5 families like cats. 12

b 4 families prefer birds and rabbits 10

as their pets. 6

C The number of families who like dogs

as pets is 2 than the number of
families who like fish as pets. Dogs Cats Birds Fish Rabbits

|4-12 2 Pets

Uolo
(282
 The graph shows the number of pages read by boys and girls for five days of a week.
On which day did boys and girtsThutolag
20
read an equal number of pages?
Who read more pages on
Wednesday Boys 10 Boys
Girts
How many pages did the boys read
on Tuesday? 14
Monday Tuesday Wednesday Thursday Friday
What is the difference in the total
Dary
number of pages read by girls and
by boys? Gr 2 Poge3
gas 5 Pa9es DeBeoes
A schoolrecorded the number of absentees in a certain week. Draw a bar graph for the data.

Monday Tuesday Wednesday Thursday Friday Saturday

Days
125 100 105 125 90 115
Number of absentees

chart
There are 1000 books in a library. The pie chart shows the types of books in the library Read the
and answer the questions. Orer
library?
a How many poetry books are there in the 200

b What is the difference in the number of comics and story y

1000 250-1So O0
books? a

What type of book has the highest number?

fhe data shows the number of hours spent by Kunal on
different activities in a day Draw a pie chart for the given data.
School Homework Play Sleep Others
Activity
Number of hours 1 3

Read the graph showing the amount

the
of fruit sold in a week. Answer
15

questions.
sell
On which day did the fruit seller 20

15kg of fruit? Frda sell

How many kilograms did he
altogether on Saturday and
Sunday? 3035 65k9
the sales of
Mony Tiesday Wedresdy Fhurscy
What is the difference of
Saturday Sunday
Day
days?
the initial4 days and the last 3
So-5- 5k

283
Chapter 17 " Data Handling
 November
December
horizontal
Uolo
8:00
p.m. students
Ooty
20 Blueberry
the 3 25
Drawa 40 and Chocolate
7:00
p.m.
of Mango
Jaipur
Out drums,
months. 22 data.
instruments.
the the
6:00
p.m.
Time Chennal
City
six playing
represent
October
last 28
musical Strawberry
5:00
p.m.
Bangalore the enjoyed Vanilla
to 5 25
in
showroom chart cream?Bweberry
popular?Chocolae
September favourite
8
piano,pie 4
4:00
p.m.
Mumbal 40 cream. cream?
a children
a theirthe Draw results. or 22
30 25 20 15 5 0
by liked ice ice vanilla VanVa
Customers Number
of 30 25 20 15 10
|5c refrigerators about instruments. 50 favourite chocolate
Pm
°C
rature
inE
10 survey 10
August among ice either
Answer JoupurChennai?
Ooty 35 guitar,
asked most +
and shop5:00the popular )2
25 of the
of their
shopit in
cities. temperature
of werethe other survey with the like likecream?
number Read coffee were
customers? in
coffee
p.m.
p.m.?
Customers
the
showing
city?
different
city? sale
Bangalore
tenmperature
July
liked
studentsliked
about is leastchildren
outa chartcream
children 250
the 8:00 hottest
coldest the 25 locality the ice
the answer
the
questions. students ry
strawberry
a 8 did a represents students carried pie ice is manymany
visiting
shows to least at has a strowber
p.m. time shop graph of the the the class, Word
Problem his made WhichWhichHow
questions. the of Refrigerators
Number How
the many is is is city
temperature Months 12 Kunal
from
graph 4
Customers
between
what
have
coffeethe WhichWhichWhat 10°C?
Which bar
data
graph. music remaining
surveyed, He a b C
HoW d
At Read
This The a
a b
b C d In
8 116
284