(MIT AOE) MIT Academy Of Engineering,

09, 2022

Design & Development of Vertical Axis Wind Turbine

Manav Tak1, Vishnu Patil2, Divya Chaudhari3, Mayur Sarode4, Prof. Amol Kolhe5
[email protected]
Department of Mechanical Engineering, School of Mechanical &
Civil Engineering
MIT Academy Of Engineering, Alandi-41105, Pune, Maharashtra, INDIA
Abstract— This paper gives an overview of a vertical or to personal usage, which is around 240 V For large-scale,
axis wind turbine. The behaviour of the Vertical Axis Wind small-scale, and distributed power generation applications,
Turbine (VAWT), present technological state, new finding alternative energy is a powerful and diverse power source. People
through modelling work and future direction of VAWTs are advancing into the 21st century with an aggressive initiative
were reviewed. to accelerate the development of wind technology and any
The energy is the crucial topic of the current era. As the decrease in its costs, to create new jobs, and to improve
technology is improving and various means as invented the environmental quality due to the majority of untapped wind
dependency on energy is increasing day by day. To feed this energy resources around the world and declining wind energy
increasing need use of non conventional technique is costs. Onshore wind is a more affordable source of electricity than
sustainable method. coal or gas power plants [4] Wind energy is partially extracted by
The blowing wind around the highways can be utilised to wind turbine blades and then transformed into mechanical power
generate energy. The vertical axis wind turbine(VAWT) is for the wind turbine. Wind turbines are available in two main
used for this purpose. VAWT placed on the sides of the types. Vertical axis wind turbines and horizontal axis wind
highways to make use of the vehicles moving in both turbines are the two names for them. HAWTs (horizontal axis
directions. wind turbines) often generate more electricity than VAWTs
This study deals with the experimental design and (VAWT). However, large air velocities are necessary for HAWT
fabrication of three blade helical vertical axis wind turbine to operate at its best. Along with wind speed and direction, the
for generating electrical energy. The aim of this study is to relative velocity angle of the wind also varies. As the blade
utilise wind eneragy in effective manner. This concept can velocity increases close to the tip, the relative wind speed is
be applied to charge the electric vehicle on highways. increasingly inclined to the tip. then generates noise-generating
tip vortices. Because of this, the VAWT is a more promising
Keywords—Hygine, Cleanliness, Decontamination, Battery turbine use in areas with low wind speeds [5].
Powered, Electric powertrain, Feasibility, Automation,
Sustainability, Advanced The advantages of VAWTs over conventional horizontal-axis
wind turbines are numerous. In wind farms, VAWT might be
more densely populated in a specific area. They produce less
I. INTRODUCTION strain on the support structure and are quiet and omni-directional.
They can be placed closer to the ground when the wind speed is
The most significant topic in the world right now is lower because they don't need as much wind to create power.
renewable energy. The world's fossil fuel reserves were found They can be mounted on chimneys and other tall structures and
to be quickly depleting, and no reserves were found. are simple to maintain because they are closer to the ground [6].
Additionally, the production of energy from fossil fuels may In general, a wide range of factors, including as solidity, blade
contribute to a number of environmental problems, including geometry, blade number, and rotor orientation, influence VAWT
the release of greenhouse gases that contribute to global performance. The peak turbine power coefficient occurs at a
warming and acid rain. In these circumstances, renewable lower tip speed ratio as turbine solidity increases, in addition to
energy sources are crucial. Energy that is extracted from the power band narrowing and sudden drop in efficiency after
renewable resources, such as wind, sunlight, rain, tidal and peak power for high solidity turbines[7,8].Electric propulsion
wave energy, heat, etc., is known as renewable energy. Four system-based electrical vehicle (EV). There is no use of internal
completely distinct places often receive electricity from combustion engines. Electricity serves as the sole energy source
renewable sources. They are transportation, rural (off-grid) for everything. The key benefit is the electric motor's proposal
energy services, and the production of electricity [1]. A system's great efficiency in power conversion. Large-scale
promising renewable energy source has been discovered as research and development projects have recently been reported in
wind energy. Many countries have recognised the importance both academia and industry. There are also commercial vehicles
of wind power and have created regulations to ensure that it available. Many nations offer incentives to users in the form of
plays an increasing part in global energy resources. By utilising reduced tax rates or tax exemptions, free parking spaces, and free
the wind's energy to power an electric generator, wind turbines charging stations [9,10]. This study represents the combination of
generate electricity [2]. The generator produces electricity VAWT on the highways so that the charging stations for EVs can
while moving from the tower to an electrical device that is be prepared. This study also presents the design of VAWT which
available and switching from the output voltage, which is increases the efficiency compared to conventional models of the
typically around 700 V, to the national grid, which is 33000 V, VAWT.
 (MIT AOE) MIT Academy Of Engineering,
09, 2022
II. Motivation IV. Objectives
As we are seeing now a days that the demand for electric 1. To Get an alternative for convectional form of energy which
vehicle is stable as such now a days and the reason is very clear seems to be degrading day by day.
that the charging infra structure is not developed yet and also
the electric cars are not capable of going on a long-distance trip 2. To design vertical axis wind turbines capable of producing
due to no charging facilities in between the destinations, so it is more power than is available on the market.
sure that if we develop this project and plant, it on the highways 3. Obtain output power from the shaft rotation of a DC permanent
and firstly operate street lights and then after a few trials try it magnet motor.
for charging E-vehicles.
4. The main objective of this project is gaining power from wind.
Also Govt. has announced some schemes related to non-
polluting sources of power generation for charging EV’s which 5. To get the charging the Ev’s vehicle on highways Roads.
is under the scheme of FAME II so it also has encouraged us a
lot to work on this project.
V. Literature Survey
All four group members (P. Vishnu, T. Manav, S. Mayur
and C. Divya) were involved in the design and development of
vertical axis wind turbines for rural applications. Therefore, in
this document, we have discussed various design parameters and
other related terms for vertical axis wind turbines. Manav, Mayur,
Divya and Vishnu worked together to collect all relevant
information for a project dealing with vertical axis design and
manufacturing.
This report provides efficient wind turbine blade designs that
improve the efficiency of wind turbines. The report also
mentioned ideas on how to design the wing shape, spire height,
Fig. 1. Fame II Scheme Benefit Chart wing design, etc.
Therefore, we proposed different parameters required for the
blade, which is the focus of the project. This also gave us the idea
III. Problem Statement to apply our project. If you install a turbine near a highway
partition, you can use the wind that blows when driving on the
We are currently facing many problems due to over-
highway to generate electricity.
consumption of non-renewable energy resources.
Also, the online platform gave me an idea for the maglev concept.
Also, the reserves of this fuel Resources are degrading day by
It has to do with explaining how wind turbines work using maglev
day, so if we go on using these resources without finding an
wind turbines. Overall, the report compiled and referred to the
alternative to replace it then we might get in huge issue for our
complete construction and operation of vertical axis wind farms.
future beings.
However, this magnetic levitation concept is not used in this
The only problem with implementation of wind energy is project. The concept of magnetic repulsion was used to reduce the
regarding its fluctuating wind. But if we design the blades of self-starting wind speed and improve the rotational speed of the
the VAWT such that they can absorb all possible energy of turbine. This keeps the turbine spinning continuously even at low
wind even at slow speed then we can generate electricity even speeds.
at variable wind conditions. Also, on highways, a constant wind
Reading some research papers related to this gave me simple
can be achieved because the gusts generated by fast-moving
information that performance characteristics such as power
vehicles are deflected sideways by the vehicles when they pass,
versus wind speed or diagonal speed should be optimized. This is
even though the natural wind is weak. However, it is possible
because it competes with other energy sources making the
to use wind energy for applications that require less energy. For
process economical and environmentally friendly. topic. In these
example, highway lighting, electric vehicle charging, etc. On
experimental papers conducted by various researchers and
highways, it is necessary to turn on regular lights, traffic
scientists, experimental results show that wind turbines are
signals, and guidance signs. In the above application,
installed on top of buildings in an ideal position to generate
considering =, the energy demand is very small, and if the
electricity. Also, the efficiency of vertical axis wind turbines can
energy demand is small, even a vertical axis wind turbine can
be increased by changing the size and shape of the rotor blades.
serve. Therefore, using wind turbines to extract this amount of
It facilitates power generation and is used in a variety of
energy from moving vehicles seems promising.
applications such as Ev charging stations, street lighting, home
and agriculture.
 (MIT AOE) MIT Academy Of Engineering,
09, 2022
To get more information, we reviewed a number of research
papers by researchers who have actually performed physical
(real) experiments with vertical axis wind turbines. The design VII. METHODOLOGY- PROJECT IMPLEMENTATION
parameters of vertical axis wind turbines [2] are studied and
compared with horizontal axis wind turbines. In this study, he
The design envisioned a wind turbine with a low cut-in wind
attempts to harness low-viscosity winds of less than 4 m/s for
speed, light weight and ease of operation. A resistance-based
useful power generation using maglev on vertical axis wind
machine should be able to harness energy from the wind in all
turbines, known as maglev.
directions at low turn-on speeds, making it a better choice for
E.A.D kumara and N.K Hettiarachi research paper on vertical many urban applications. indicate. The blades are attached to the
axis wind turbine [3] means in that research paper describe hub using three steel bars, each welded in the center to add
overview of vertical Axis Wind Turbine In this research paper stability to the design.
mentioned how to achieve performance efficiency of vertical The shaft is connected to an AC Permanent Magnet Generator
Axis Wind Turbine by considering some important parameters (PMG) to generate power. An electrical converter is used to
and how can modified by using some new thinking concept and convert low voltage AC power to high quality DC power for
developed a suitable system. battery charging.

VI. Concept Diagram and Explanation VAWT Gear Box Generator

A new design of the 3-blade VAWT model specifically

designed for use on power-generating highways. A prototype Evs Charging REACHARABLE BATTERY
of his VAWT in production is being tested on the Autobahn.
Lots of fast moving traffic. The generated electricity is
measured and stored in the battery. The electricity produced is Fig.4 Proposed Block Diagram
direct current (DC), so the same he that can be used for highway
lighting must be connected to a DC light-emitting diode (LED). Anemometers are used to measure the wind speed before it hits
The designed vertical axis wind turbines generates electricity the turbine blades. The speed of the wind hitting the turbine
with less input resources in the form of wind energy. Power blades varies with highway speed and must be measured. This
generation makes a lot of sense when electricity is generally provides the expected wind power to the vehicle in motion.
scarce in villages and rural areas. This increases efficiency VAWT output power is measured separately to assess wind
and power rate compared to other turbine types. turbine efficiency.

➢ Mechanical Drawing Model

VIII. Experimentation Setup and Working

The operation of a vertical axis wind turbine is much simpler

than other wind turbines, and in a nutshell, the wind exerts a force
on the turbine blades each time it passes over them. This causes
the blades to move in the direction of the wind flow, ultimately
turning the turbine. Our vertical axis wind turbine consists of
guide vanes and magnets that generate a repulsive force in the
direction of rotation of the turbine, which is advantageous in
terms of performance. When wind flows into the turbine, it must
first pass through the casing. The casing blades are held at a 30°
angle to a tangent drawn to the inner diameter of the casing disc,
thus directing the wind toward the turbine blades. This improves
the effect of the wind on the turbine blades and increases the force
Fig. 2 Cad Model
exerted by the wind on the turbine blades, thus increasing torque.
Magnets are placed on the outer and inner circumferences of the
➢ Rendered Model: turbine housing so that the same magnetic poles always face each
other. This creates a repulsive force in the direction of rotation of
the turbine. This force causes the turbine to rotate or try to rotate.
This repulsive force also reduces the force required to keep the
turbine spinning. Therefore, the wind speed required for the
turbine to self-start is reduced. Thus, the casing guide blades and
magnetic repulsion force the turbine to rotate at high speed and
low self-starting wind speed compared to other normal turbines.
The rotating motion blades of these vertical axis wind turbines
are used to generate electricity.

Fig. 3 Rendered Image Of VAWT

 (MIT AOE) MIT Academy Of Engineering,
09, 2022

IX. Result And Discussion

ACKNOWLEDGMENT

There is a sense of satisfaction in completing a project,

but it would not be complete without thanking the people
who made this possible and made our efforts successful.
Special thanks to the Small Project faculty for giving me the
unique opportunity to carry out this conceptual project for
VAWT (Vertical Axis Wind Turbine).
We wish to express our profound thanks to our project guide,
Mr. A. M. Kolhe for his meticulous planning, the valuable
time that he spent with us, discussing our project ideas.
We also want to thanks to our Dean Dr. Prafulla Hatte of
Fig. 5 Comparison of power for different number of blades school of Mechanical Engineering of MIT Academy of
Engineering Alandi, Pune for providing us with the basic
infrastructure and other facilities like Wind Tunnel.
Less blades mean less drag. But as they rotate to face the wind, REFERENCES
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